中小学英语语法思维导图之句子成分

学霸家长呕心整理，适用于中小学生归纳学习英语语法知识，可自行修改扩充知识点。

成分

谓语

行为/性状

简单谓语

实义动词

sing

动词性结构

复合谓语

系动词+表语

主体的性状

名词性结构

Mead is a singer.

形容词性结构

Mead is handsome.

副词性结构

Class is over.

助动词+实义动词

don't sing

情态动词+实义动词

can sing

主语

行为/性状的主体

名词

Mead sings

代词

I sing

数词

One of the students can sing.

动名词

Swimming is dangerous.

不定式

To drink a cup of tea is a pleasure.

从句

What we have is more valuable than what we can't get.

拥有的比未得到的更有价值

宾语

行为的对象

直宾

行为结果

eat an egg

间宾

行为对象

give me an egg

lend an egg to me

buy an egg for me

修饰语

定语

修饰主语或宾语

前置

I had a good time.

后置

多是不定式/介词短语/分词短语/从句

The book on the desk is mine.

状语

修饰谓语或整句

句首

突出强调，简化句型，逗号分隔

In order not to be found, he hid himsellf in the bushes.

句中

一般为单副词

He was deeply moved by the story.

句末

一般为介词短语或不定式

I will be twenty next year.

补充语

补语

补充主体

宾补

Mother made him stay at home.

妈妈让他待在家里。

主补

He was made to stay at home by his mother.

同位语

解释主体

主同

We each have a phone now.

宾同

This is my new friend, Tom.

独立成分

感叹语

Well,here we are at last!

好啦，我们终于到了！

称呼语

Hurry up, friends, or we'll be late.

快点儿，朋友们，要不然我们就迟到了。

插入语

This is all we have got, you see.

你瞧，我们所有东西都在这了。