Lesson1 the History and the Developmen

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the History and the Development of Protected Cultivation

• Netherlands
  • Heating and carbon-dioxide fertilization of hotbed through the decomposition of mixtures of horse manure and plant residues
    • early 19th century
      • use
    • the end of World War two
      • Tractor replaces horse
    • growing cucumbers and melons
  • cold frames or hotbeds
    • early 20th century
      • 90%
    • 1950
      • 30%
    • 1964
      • 10%
    • (heated by decomposition of manure and compost)
  • Dutch lights
    • early 20th century
      • single-span frames
    • 1904
      • 90% glass-covered glasshouses
    • 1920
      • double-lightframes
    • glass-covered glasshouses
      • 25% of the glass-covered area in the USA in the year 1900 was of proper glasshouses
      • 1904
        • 1.6km²
      • 1912
        • 4.0km²
      • 1950
        • 32.9km²
      • 1964
        • 60.2km²
  • a steel-framed greenhouse
    • 1900
    • Loosduinen
  • Simple over-wintering sheds 
    • 1920's
    • Aalsmeer
  • store-frames
    • 1928
    • Westland Netherlands
    • to protect vines
  • flue heaters
    • in Belgium，most of the 4.40 km2 used for fruit-growing in 1939 was heated by flues
    • 1933
      • few
  • Venlo Warenhuis
    • 1937
    • 1950's
      • popular in Westland of Netherland
  • Burning natural gas for the supply of carbon dioxide to grecn house crops
    • 1961
    • 1971
      • globally
• Northwestern Europe and North America
  • even-span or ridge-and-furrow multi-span houses
    • 20th century
    • The use of small electrical motors、Heating by forced circulation and Electrical purmps
• ancient China
  • traditional Chinese greenhouse
• China，Mesopotamia，Egypt,Israel，Greece and Rome
  • grew valuable plants inpots and placed them indoors at night or duringcold periods to protect them.Sometimes，plantswere grown on wheelbarrows that could casily bebrought into a grotto，cellar or room at night.
• Greek
  • mentioned moving plants into the peristyle ( verandah in aclosed courtyard of a Greek house) at night andheating soil by mixing it with decaying manure orcompost.【酿热温床】
    • 372 to 287 BCE
• The cultivation of out of scason plants was intensely studied in ancient Athens and Rome.
• definition of greenhouse: the greenhouseis defined as a transparent enclosure designed togrow or temporarily protect plants.
• 图例
  • 温室类型
  • 最早应用时间
  • 国家