播散性血管内凝血(Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation,DIC)是一种病理生理过程, characterized by widespread activation of the coagulation cascade, leading to the formation of blood clots in small blood vessels throughout the body.
病因
感染性原因
感染性疾病如败血症、细菌性肺炎等 can trigger DIC through the release of bacterial endotoxins and the activation of inflammatory responses.
非感染性原因
肿瘤相关因素,肿瘤释放促凝物质引发DIC
免疫因素,如免疫介导的血小板破坏
化学性因素,如药物或毒素引起的血小板活化等。
病理生理过程
引发血小板活化和血栓形成
凝血和纤溶系统共同被激活, resulting in the formation of microthrombi and the consumption of platelets and clotting factors.
血小板和纤溶功能紊乱
血小板释放具有促凝和抗纤溶作用的化学物质
纤溶系统被抑制, fibrinolysis is impaired due to increased levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and decreased levels of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA).