Reproduction and dissemination of genetic information
Tranption of genetic information
Metabolism
One of the markers of distinguishing between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotes
Nuclear matrix
Nuclear envelope
Structure
Double-layer structure and circumnuclear clearance
Nuclear pore
Nuclear lamina
Function
Participate in gated transporters
Nuclear localization signal(NLS)
Gate-controlled transport mechanism
Participate in material transport
Crlapse and assembly of nuclear membrane
Nuclear pore
Constitute
Cytoplasmic cycle
Nuclear-mass ring
Spoke rib
Central bolt
Constituent
Protein
Function
Special transmembrane transport protein complex
Dual-functional, bidirectional hydrophilic nuclear mass channel
Dual functions: passive transport, active transport
Bidirectional: mediated protein and nucleic acid-in and out
Highly selective
Nuclear lamina
Constitute
Made up of three nuclear fibrins
Function
Structural support
Regulating the gene expression
Adjust the DNA Repair
Related to the cell cycle
Nucleolus
Molecular composition
Structure
Nucleolar associated chromatin
Fiber structure
Granticle composition
Nuclear kernel matrix
Function
45srRNA
Prefront processing of rRNA
Assembly of the ribosomal subunits
Output and degradation of the mRNA
Nuclear kernel cycle
Chromosome, Chromatin
Chemical constitution
DNA
Histone
Nonhistones
RNA
Regulation of histone acetyllation and deacetylation on gene expression
Install
Nucleosome
Basic structural units of chromatin assembly
Including a DNA superhelix of around 200bp and a histone octamer and a histone H1 of one molecule
The 147bpDNA surrounds the histone octamer in 1.75 circles. Hione H1 binds 20bpDNA, outside the core particles locks nucleomal DNA to stabilize nucleomal action
Multistage model
Formation of nucleosomes is the first stage of DNA compression in the chromosome
In the presence of H1, a 10nm chromatin filament is coiled into a spiral tubular 30nm thick filament, called a solenoid
Solenoid is further compressed to superspiral into
Super solenoid further compression into chromatin
Chromatin type
Euchromatin
Heterochromatin
Chromosome
Filaments, moving particles
Second yi mark
Trabant
A spherical chromosome segment at the end of the chromosome connected to the main body by the secondary hanging zone
Telomere
Proment experiment
Importance
Function
Extended replication of true DNA fragments, maintaining chromosomal independence and stability
Chromosome karyotype
The phenotype of the chromosomal group in mid mitosis, the sum of chromosome number, size, morphological characteristics
