英语unit 3

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unit 3

• words
  • affect /əˈfekt/verb 影响 to produce a change in sb/sth
  • AIDS /eɪdz/ n.艾滋病(全写为Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome，获得性免疫缺陷综合征)
  • bedridden /ˈbedrɪdn/卧床不起的 adj.having to stay in bed all the time because you are sick, injured or old
  • bond /bɒnd/ noun 牢固的联系 strong connection 纽带；联系；关系；契合 something that forms a connection between people or groups, such as a feeling of friendship or shared ideas and experiences
  • bubble n. a large clear plastic tent used to protect a seriously ill person from infection
  • carefree 无忧无虑的 a. having no worries or responsibilities Ex: I remember my carefree student days.还记得我无忧无虑的学生时代。
  • germ n. a bacterium that can make you ill Ex: Wash your hands so you don't get germs on the food. 洗手，以免细菌沾染到食物上。
  • homosexual 同性恋 a. of or being a pereson sexually attracted to members of the same sex (gay, lesbian) Ex: homosexual relationship bisexual 双性恋= romantically or sexually attracted to people of your own gender and people of a different gender heterosexual 异性恋= sexually or romantically attracted to men if you are a woman, and women if you are a man
  • invincible 无敌的 a. incapable of being defeated as a result of great strength or skill Ex: Last year the company seemed invincible but in recent weeks has begun to have problems. 去年，该公司似乎所向无敌，但最近几周开始出现问题。 Synonym: unbeatable
  • lesion 损害 n. an infected or diseased patch of skin Ex:skin/brain lesions 皮肤/脑损伤。
  • maintain 保持，保养，维护 v.continue to have
  • mature 成熟 a. behaving in a sensible adult way
  • outlook 态度 n. an attitude or point of view
  • plague 鼠疫 n. a serious disease that kills many people, often used to refer to bubonic plague, a very infectious disease caused by bacteria spread mainly by fleas (= small insects that bite) on rats or other animals, that causes swelling, fever, and usually death in humans
  • react v. act in reply; behave differently as a result
  • strengthen v. make sth. stronger or more powerful
  • stress /stres/ n. mental strain caused by anxiety
  • stuff /staf/ n. things in a mass
  • unprotected a.without protection
  • blow off treat sb. or sth. as unimportant
  • break down lose control of one's feelings
  • for sb.'s sake in order to help, improve, or bring advantage to sb.
  • hang out spend time somewhere in a casual or relaxed way
  • hang up end a telephone call by putting the receiver back, often abruptly
  • hold in restrain emotions
  • in a way from a certain point of view
  • keep in not express; restrain
  • keep up move at the same speed
  • make sense have a clear meaning
  • on one's own by oneself
  • rely on depend on
  • stick it out 坚持到底 continue to the end
  • Turn one's back on not help people in need.
• grammar
  • 1. Any, each, all, every and their compounds.（不定代词） They are indefinite pronouns used to refer to non-specific or unidentified people, things, or amounts. Any: eg:Affirmative: "You can choose any book from the shelf." Negative: "I don't have any money." Interrogative: "Is there any coffee left?" Each: Refers to every individual in a group separately. Examples: "Each student must submit their assignment by Friday.""There are five apples; each is red." Every: Refers to all the members of a group as a whole. Examples: "Every child deserves a good education." "He visits his parents every weekend."
  • 2. Countable and uncountable nouns Countable Nouns:可数名词和不可数名词 These are nouns that can be counted as individual units plural forms. They have both singular and Grammer Examples: cat (cats), dog(dogs), book (books), chair(chairs). Usage用法: You can use numbers with countable nouns (one cat, three books). They can be preceded by "a" or"an" (a cat, an apple). These are nouns that cannot be counted as individual units. the same way that countable They don't have a plural form in Grammer nouns do. Examples: water, rice, information, air. Usage: Uncountable nouns are usually treated as singular. You cannot use a/an with uncountable nouns directly. "anv." or a snecific auantitv Instead, use words like "some," It's important to note that some nouns can function as both countable and uncountable, example: depending on the context. For Grammer Countable: "I ordered three coffees." Uncountable: "I like to drink coffee in the morning." Countable: "There were two times when he interrupted me." Uncountable: "I don't have time to waste."
  • 3. Prepositions Grammer 介词 Prepositions are words that show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other elements in a sentence. They indicate location,direction, time,manner, or relationships between different elements in a sentence. Here are some common prepositions: About, Above, Across, After, Against, Along, Among, Around, At Before, Behind, Below, Beneath, Beside Between, Beyond, But, By Despite, Down, During For, From, In, Inside, Into Like Near Of, Off, On, Onto, Out, Outside, Over Past Since，Through, Throughout, To, Toward With, Within, Without
• Writing
  • Correlative Conjunctions 相关连接词 Correlative conjunctions are essentially coordinating conjunctions used in pairs.
  • They always join grammatically equai elements, e.g, noun + noun adjective + adjective, phrase + phrase, clause + clause, etc.
  • They also lend equal weight to the joined elements, i.e. one joined element is always equal but never subordinate to the other.
  • When joining singular and plural subjects, the subject closest to the verb determines whether the verb is singular or plural except in the case of both ... and.
  • The correlative conjunctions include the following: both ... and, either ... or neither ... nor, not only ... but also, not only ... but ... as well, whether ... or, not ... but.