初高中英语写作--布告通知

本思维导图是关于初高中英语的布告通知类作文写作部分内容。以PBL为理论基础开展初高中英语应用文通知的写作项目，以新读写理念为根基，帮助学生更全面更高效的掌握写作技巧。

PBL双模型下的英语读写设计 --以应用文布告通知为例

• I. Before we start ：
  •  通知（notice)常用于发布即将发生的或已经发生的事件的信息。通知的内容就是文章的主体，主要包括通知的对象、事由、时间、地点、注意事项及要求等。通知可分为两种形式：一种是布告形式，即张贴在公告栏中向公众发布的正式声明；另一种是书信形式，寄出或发送给相关人员。采用哪种形式需视实际情况而定，如果通知的对象为集中的较大范围的人群，例如学生、教师、会员、读者等，宜采用布告的形式。在日常生活中，我们经常需要发布活动、会议等通知。本篇我们将共同探讨如何撰写布告通知。大家先想一想，以下哪些内容适合发布告通知？ 1）Invite your friends to attend your birthday party. 2）Inform students of the spring outing. 3) Apologize to a good friend for breaking her glasses. 4) Welcome all students on campus to attend a lecture. 5) Express gratitude to the officers for saving homeless animals. 6) Complain to a hotel about its poor service. 7) Ask teachers to attend the students' presentations during the culture week. 8) Warn residents against home robberies.
• II. Read and learn
  •  阅读下面两则布告通知，注意它们的结构。 Notice 1 1 Notice 2 All the teachers of Grade Eight are requested to meet in the meeting room of our school at 1:30 p.m. on Wednesday, March 28 to discuss the coming mid-term exams. 3 The Principal's Office 4 March 22, 2016 Notice 2 5 Position Offered 6 Newspaper editor needed part-time for school newspaper. Please send detailed application with photo to the Mirror Newspaper Office. 7 The Mirror Newspaper Office 8 Address: Room 487, Main Building Tel: Mr. Wu 6894 2134 Email: [e-mail] 通过这两则布告通知，我们发现布告通知通常由以下几个部分组成：标题headline、主体body、发布者announcer、联系方式means of contact、日期date。其中标题通常居中，通知发布者和日期往往置于右下方。 要求：将布告通知内的序号与布告通知的各个组成部分配对。 1. body: 26 2. headline: 15 3. means of contact: 8 4. announcer: 37 5. date: 4
• III. Writing tip 1:
  •  Tip 1: 清晰度Clarity 撰写布告通知最重要的一点是清晰度。事件信息需要高度概括，并进行明确而清晰的表述。布告通知的标题往往能简明扼要地传达它的主要目的，如Notice,Attention,Warming,Removal, Postponement等，通知的对象能使第一时间抓住大致信息。在保证切题的情况下，通知的字数往往不宜太长。 要求：将方框中的布告标题与布告大意配对Warning; Postponement; Attention; Removal ____1)Inform students of the spring outing. ____2)Welcome all students on campus to attend a lecture. ____3)Ask teachers to attend the students' presentations during the culture week ____4)Warm residents against home robberies. ____5)Inform teachers and students of the new location of the campus cafe. ____6)Tell students that the sports meeting will be postponed. ____7)Ask all students to pay attention to the new opening hours of the school library.
• IV. Writing tip 2:
  •  Tip 2:使用书面语 布告通知在内容上必须简单易懂，不恰当的用语会在某种程度上影响通知对象的理解，也会给人非正式、不严谨的感觉。因此，布告通知的语言需规范，切记使用模糊的语言、俚语、俗语、口语化用词，并且尽可能避免缩写的出现。 要求：阅读下面这则布告通知，将其中的非正式用语改成正式用语。 Postponement The sports meeting held this Friday has to be put off because it's going to rain cats and dogs. What a shame! Pls. come to school on Friday morning as usual, but there will be no class that afternoon. If weather permits, the sports meeting will be held next Friday morning. Office of Physical Education 10th March, 2016
• V. Writing tip 3:
  •  Tip 3 使用被动语态 较为正式的布告通知经常使用被动语态(the passive voice).被动语态常出现在较为正式的书面用语中，尤其在为了强调句中的动作而非强调动作的实施者时使用。如：Extra rubbish bins have been placed around the park.在以上这句句子中，我们无需提及动作的实施者，因为句子中涉及的动作“已放置更多的垃圾桶”才是句子的重点。阅读下面这则布告通知，划出其中的被动语态。 Postponement The sports meeting this Friday has to be put off because of the heavy rain. If weather permits, we will hold the sports meeting next Friday morning. We require all students to come to school this Friday. Members of the school basketball team must come to the gym at 4:30 this Friday afternoon. Basketball players from the CBA have been invited and will give special training then. Office of Physical Education 10th March, 2016 要求：将上面布告通知中的主动句变成被动句。 1. We will hold the sports meeting next Friday morning. 2. We require all students to come to school this Friday.
• VI. Time to write:
  •  假设你所在的小区近一个月来发生多起入室盗窃案，社区街道community group希望居民能提高警惕，做好防范工作。请就所给信息草拟一则布告通知。在写之前，我们需要先思考一下以下几个问题： 1.我的通知对象是谁？2.布告通知的主要内容是什么？3.布告通知的格局应该是怎么样的？
• VII. Remember to revise
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• VIII. Draft
  •  Notice There have been some thefts from houses in this area in the past few months. Don't forget to lock all doors and windows at night. Remember to keep all valuable stuff away from windows. Ask a neighbor to keep an eye on your house while you are away. Members of the Neighborhood Watch will meet monthly in the Communicty Center and we'd like to invite all residents to attend. Community Group April 14, 2016
• IX. Revised
  •  Warning There have been some thefts from houses in this area in the past few months. Residents are reminded of the following measures to prevent crimes: Lock all doors and windows at night. Keep all valuable items away from windows. Ask a neighbor to keep an eye on your house while you are away. Members of the Neighborhood Watch will meet monthly in the Community Center and all residents are invited to attend. Community Group April 14, 2016
• X. Let's share
  • A
    •  请根据以下信息写一则邀请学生参加活动的布告通知： 活动：英语演讲比赛 组织者：学生会 参加人员：全体初二学生 报名时间：5月25日之前 报名地点：学生会办公室 比赛时间：6月9日下午4：00 比赛地点：多功能厅 Notice We are going to have an English speaking contest for the 8th graders. It will be held in the multi-media room at 4 p.m. on June 9. All the 8th graders are welcome to join in the contest. Remember to sign up at the office of the Student Union before May 25. We wish you success! The Student Union May 20, 2016
  • B
    •  请根据所给信息拟一则布告通知：学生会邀请对环保有兴趣的学生于本周五4月15日下午14：00在多功能厅聆听城市大学Lucas教授关于全球变暖问题的讲座。讲座后，学生将有机会与他合影。 Notice There will be a lecture on global warming by Professor Lucas from City University. It will be held in the multi-media room at 2:00 p.m.this Friday afternoon,April 15.All students who are interested in environmental protection are welcome to attend.After the lecture, you may have a picture taken with Professor Lucas. The Student Union April 12, 2016
• XI. Practice More
  • Reading: 平时阅读时关注布告通知的格式及其常用的语言，并且牢记于心。
  • Writing: 在日常生活中，在各式各样的情境中，我们常需要撰写布告通知，如发布比赛、活动等相关信息，邀请相关人士参加会议、展览等，学会做生活中的有心人，多尝试、勤练笔。