1. 定义:气流由肺部发出,经过口腔能自由呼出不受阻碍,而且声带震动所发出的音。Vowels are sounds produced without obstruction of the air stream in the mouth. In producing them there is vibration of the vocal cords, so all vowels are voiced.
(1)舌头抬起的高度——高中低the height of tongue raising (high, mid, low)
(2)舌头最高部分的位置——前中后the position of the highest part of the tongue (front, central, back)
(3)元音的长度或紧度the length of tenseness of the vowel(tense/lax, long/short)
(4)唇的圆展度lip-producing (rounded/unrounded)
辅音:28个
1. 定义:气流从肺部呼出,经过口腔时,在一定部位受到阻碍,除几个浊辅音/m/, /n/, /ŋ/, /l/, /r/外,声带不振动所发出的音。Consonants are sounds produced by some form of obstruction of the air passage and be either voiced or voiceless. 区别:气流是否受阻。
2. 分类🌟 清楚每个音的属性classification of consonants
(1)声带震动the work of the vocal cords
清辅音(voiceless consonants): produced without the vibration of the vocal cords/p, t, k, f, s, θ, ʃ, tʃ/
浊辅音(voiced consonants): produced with the vibration of the vocal cords./b, d, g, v, ð, z, ʒ, dʒ/