导图社区 教资英语知识点思维导图
这是一篇关于备考英语教师资格证的思维导图。该思维导图归纳整理了名词性从句(表语从句,定语从句,状语从句)里面还收集了,高中英语教资考试的内容,有部分例题还有高频短语及单词。
编辑于2021-07-24 11:24:04省考里面的判断题,深入探讨图形推理的核心考点、解题策略和常见误区,帮助考生更好地理解这一题型,提升解题效率与准确率,为省考之路铺就坚实的基石。
1 I am wondering whether there is an alien2Ladies always are right that is a common sense 3That ladies tend to be right, remains common knowledge 4My meaning seems that supporting the elderly remains a chinese conventional virtue.5Someday, one will p
这是一篇关于备考英语教师资格证的思维导图。该思维导图归纳整理了名词性从句(表语从句,定语从句,状语从句)里面还收集了,高中英语教资考试的内容,有部分例题还有高频短语及单词。
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省考里面的判断题,深入探讨图形推理的核心考点、解题策略和常见误区,帮助考生更好地理解这一题型,提升解题效率与准确率,为省考之路铺就坚实的基石。
1 I am wondering whether there is an alien2Ladies always are right that is a common sense 3That ladies tend to be right, remains common knowledge 4My meaning seems that supporting the elderly remains a chinese conventional virtue.5Someday, one will p
这是一篇关于备考英语教师资格证的思维导图。该思维导图归纳整理了名词性从句(表语从句,定语从句,状语从句)里面还收集了,高中英语教资考试的内容,有部分例题还有高频短语及单词。
高中英语
选择
音系学
最小对立体
一2. Of all the following pairs of words,(A)is a minimal pair. A. boof and bought B deep and dog C either and neither D. ghost and best 最小对立体(minimal pair)同一位置上,除一个音外,其余都相同的两个语音组合,pen/ben
子主题
冠词
一不定冠词 (a/an)a用辅音字母开头,an用元音字母开头 1a/an+单数可数名词=泛指某一类人或事物中的一个或第一次提到的人或事 2用其中的任何一个表示,它们所属种类的特性 3a/an+事物的度量单位(时间,速度,价格)等=每一 4a/an+数序数词前=表示数量或序数的增加又一再一 5一些固定搭配必须带不定冠词a
二定冠词(the/this/that/these/those)+N=特指 1特指 2谈话双方都知道的人和事物 3上文中已提到的人或事物 4表示世界上独一无二的事物或自然界现象,或用于方向方位名词前 5the+n(单数)=一类人/物 6the+Adj=某一类人/物(形容词名词化) 7用在序列词或形容词的最高级前 8用在乐器文艺活动运动场所的名称钱 9江河,湖海,三脉,群岛(Rivers, lakes, seas, three veins, Archipelago) 10the+姓氏复数=夫妇/全家人 11习惯用语
子主题
单词
(高频)短语
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N V C X Z
1动词+介词 Depend on (依靠,取决于) fill in(填写), hear about听说 hear from什么什么的信, keep on继续 look after照顾 look for寻找 look into调查 make for(向……移动,导致) make into(把……变为) pass through通过 result from (由……造成) result in导致 take after(与……相像,追赶) take in (吸收,欺骗) take on(承担,呈现) take to(开始从事)
高频短语 A ask for(要求), 4.n.+to Access to (接近,有权使用,通向……入口),admission to (许可,允许进人), answer to(符合,适应 3.n.+on Advice on(...方面的意见), attack on (攻击), auhority on (有..的权威,..的.专家) appeal to (呼吁,要求,对..有吸引力) approach to (接近,...的方法), assistance to (...的援助), 4N+with A agreement with (同.....达成协议), appointment with (与..的约会), B break up(打碎), (be) made up of(由…组成), be aware of(知道,) be busy with(忙于某事, be capable of(能够, be certain of(确信) be closeto(接近), be concerned with(涉及) be conscious of(意识到) ,be crazy about i(着迷), be equal to(相等胜任), be familiar to(为…所熟悉), be familiar with(熟,悉) be patient with(对……有耐心), be short of (缺乏) be +adi+about be concered abot(关心), be curious abou(对…感到好) Be particular about(讲究,对…挑剔) be worried abou(为……担心) 2、be+adj+for be anxious for(渴望,担忧), be available for(有效) be eager for(渴望), be essential for(对…必不可少) be famous tor(因………而著名 be if for(适合,胜任), be grateful for(对……心存感激) , be greedy for(渴望得到) be hungry for(渴望得到) be qualified for(有…的资格) be remarkable for(以……而著称) be responsible for(对……负责) be thankful for(感谢), be thirsty for(课渴望) be vital for(对是至关重要的) be well-known for(以……而出名) 3. be +adj. at be amazed ar(对到惊话, be annoyed at t(对……感到恼火) be astonished at(对…感到非常惊讶), be bad at(不擅长), be better at(更擅长于), be clever at(擅长), be good at(擅长), Be poor at(不擅长于). be quick at(擅长,精通), be slow at(不擅长) be surprised at(对……感到意外 be absorbed in(全神贯注于) Be abundant in (丰富的), be accurate in(准确的), be active in(对很积极) be confident in(信任……), be dressed in(穿着) be employed in(受雇于,从事于), be engaged in(参与,忙于) be experienced in(在…方面有经验) be fortunate in(在…方面幸运), be generous in(乐于…), Be honest in (在……方面诚实) be involved in(包括到中,涉及) be lost in(埋头于,迷失在……中), be occupied in(忙于) be plentiful in(丰富的), be rich in(富足的) be strong in(擅长于, be successful in(在…方面成功) Be weak in (不擅长) be afraid of(害怕), be ashamed of(为……感到羞耻) be born of(出生于……(家庭), be critical(对…批评/挑剔) be envious of(羨慕,嫉妒) be expressive of(表达……) Be fearful ot(害怕), be fond of(喜爱), be frightened of(害怕), be full of(充满), be hopeful of(对…抱有希望), be ignorant of(不知道), be independent of(不依…) be innocent o(无知的, be jealous of(嫉妒) be proud of (以…为骄傲), be sensible of(知道,意识到) be sure of(确信,对…有把握) be thoughtful of(深思熟虑的 Be+ adj. + to Be attached to(喜爱,附属于) be beneficial to(有益于) be committed to(致力于) be contrary to(与相反) be convenient to(对……方使), be devoted to(专心于,献身于), be eager to(渴望), be essential to(对…必不可少) be exposed to(暴露,接触) be inclined to(倾向于) pe inferior to(次于,比……差) be junior to(比…年幼) be supposed to(应该,被期望) be opposite to(与相反) Be parallel to(与…平行,与…类似) be peculiar to(限于,是……所特有的) Be polit to (对有礼貌). be prior to(在……之前,优先于) be related to(与…有关) be senior to(比…年长) be sensitive to(对敏感,灵敏) be similar to(与…相似), be superior to(优于,胜过), be angry with(/对…发牌气,生气) be associated wt(与……有关) be bored with(对感到厌烦 7. be+ adj. +with be consistent wit油(与…一致) be content with(对…到满意), be delighted wit油(为感到高兴) be fed up with(对……感到厌烦). be free with(坦白,随便给出的人 be friendly with(与……友好相处) be generous with(在……上大方) be impressed with(对……印象深刘人 be overcome with(为所压倒、制服) be pleased with(对…感到满足, be satisfied with(对……感到满意) be troubled with(为……烦恼) be wrong with(有点毛病,有些不舒服) belief in (相信,....的信仰), blame for (责备), book on (有关……的书) C call off(取消), come out(出现), catch up with(赶上) come out of(由…产生), come up with(提出), catch sight of(看到), call for(要求,需要, confidence in (信任,信赖), care for (关心,照顾), cause for ...的原因) comment on ...的评论), control on ...限制), combination with (与....结合), communication with (与....交流), company with(与....起), concerm with(关心,挂念), connection with ( .....有关系), D depend on(依靠,取决于, do away with(废除) delight in (....感到快乐), difficulty in.....的困难), desire for (渴望), dependency on (对..的依赖性) duty on (针对...的税), danger to(危害) devotion to(奉献), E expertin(专长于), evidencefor (证据) excuse for (借口), explanation for ....的解释), expert on (....方面的专家), emphasis on (着重于,对.....的强调), entrance to(....的人口), F Fill in(填写), fix up(修理), faith in ......的信任), (fall in) love with (爱上), G give up(放弃), give a talk(放报告) gift for ....的礼物). H hear about(听说), hear from(收...的信), have a try(尝试, hurry in(匆匆忙忙地进来,急于), i.in contrast with/to与……形成对照 in danger在危險中,垂危 In debt欠债 In general道常,一般来说 In honor of为纪念,为庆祝 in need of (需要) in no sense决不 no time立卸,马上 in no way决不 in order按顺序 in particular特別地,尤其 In person亲自 in place of代替 In practice在实际中,实际上 in principle/原则上,大体上 in private私下地,私密地 in proportion to(与…)成比例 In progress在进行中 in question考虑/讨论中的 In public 公开地,当众 In return作为报答,作为回报 in relation to与……有关 in a/some sense某种意义上说 In secret密地,私下地 in short简言之,总之 in sight被看到 In spite of 管,不顾:尽管,虽然 In terms of从…角度而言,在…方面 improvement in (好转,改进), interest in .(.....有兴趣), iression on .....的印象), inftuence on (对....的影响), information on (有....的消息), (in) conversation with ( .....谈话), (in) cooperation with .....合作), (in) disagreement with ( ....不符合), (in) harmony with ( .....和谐,...... -致),interference with(干涉,妨碍), invitation to (邀请,招致) introduction to (介绍), K keep on(继续), Keep up wih(和……保持联系) , keep an eye on(照看), key to( ..的关键), L look after(照顾), look for(寻找), look into(调查), lay down(放下), Look up仰望,查阅), live up to(不幸负) love for (对……的热爱), lecture on (有...的演讲), limit to (限于), M make for(向…移动,导致), make into(把...变为) ( make up for=compensate弥补=补偿) Make a mistake (犯错误), make a bet(打赌), make fun of(取笑, make use of(利用), meet the needs of (满足…“的需要) , make a contribution to(对……做出贡献), make a face(做鬼 make a noise(吵铜), make a promise(答应,许下诺言), make a speech(演说演讲) make a decision(做决定 make a friend(交期友) make a living(谋生), make fun of sb.(取笑 某人,开某人的玩笑), make progress(取得进步), make room for(给…腾出地方), make the bed(整理 match for (匹配). mercy on (对.....宽恕), N necessity for (需要), need for ....的需要), O on account ofl因为,由于 on any account无论如何 on( the/an) average平均,一般来说 On behalf of代表 On board在船(车、飞机)上 On business 因公,出差 on condition that在……条件下 on occasion有时,不时 on one's owm独自地,独立地 on purpose故意,有意 on sale出售 on the basis of根据,在………的基础上 on the contrary反之,正相反 on the point即将…的时候 on the road在旅途中 on the second thought经重新考虑 on the side作为兼职,暗地里,秘密地 On the spot当场,在现场 on top of在…之上,除……之外 operation on (对....做手术), opinion on (有关.....的意见) outlook on (对.....看法), P pass through(通过), put of(推迟), pay attention to(注意), put up with(忍受), pleasure in (高兴), pride in .....为骄傲); passion for .....的强烈爱好,酷爱), plan for (....订计划), preference for (偏爱) preparation for (为.....做准备), protection for (对....的保护), pressure on (压力), patience with (忍耐), point to (指向,表明), Q question on (询问), R result from(由…造成), result in(导致) , run for(竞选) role in ...的作用) reason for (原因,理由), reputation for ....闻名), responsibility for (负责), report on ( .....做报告), reflection on (反思), research on (研究), relation to (关于,涉及) reference to(提及,参考) response to(对……的回答,对……的反应), S set up(建立) , sit down(坐下, stand up(站起来), stand by(支持,袖手旁观), stand for(忍受,代表) stand off(疏远,保持一定距离) stand over(监督,延期) skill in .对....熟练), specialist in ....的专家), selection for (选择), shelter for ...的庇护), suggestion for .(...的建议), sympathy for (对....表示同情), stress on (对.....的强调), study on (调查研究), suggestion on(……的建议), solution to (…….的解决办法) T take after(与……相像,追赶), take in(吸收,欺骗), take on(承担,呈现), take to(开始从事), take off(起飞,脱下), take a bath(洗澡) ,take care of(照顾), take a chance冒险 take away清除,拿走 Lake advantage of利用,趁……之机 take care of照顾,照料 Lake curc小心,当心 take delight in(以……为乐) Take charge of担任,负责 take effect生效,起作用 take in理解,欺骗 take for把……认作,把……看成 take it easy放松点,别紧张 take o脱下,起飞 take on呈现,承担 take one' s time不慌不忙,从存进行 take over接管,代理 take place发生,进 take the place of代替 take up拿起,占有 turn down拒绝,驳回 turn in上交,归还,上床睡觉 Turn on接通,打开 turn out制造,生产,结果是 urn over移交,翻转,仔细考虑,换频道 turn to变成,求助于,借助于 turn up开大,调大,出现,来到 trouble in (苦恼), trust in (信任,依靠),. talent for...的天赋), taste for .对...的喜爱), theory on (关于...的理论), talk with ( ....交谈), trouble with (在......方面有困难/麻烦), V view on .....的观点),
形近字
alone. lone, lonely alone:( adj/adv. )意为“独自的",但无孤独之意,通常作表语或状语。 lone:( adj. )意为“单独的",有时可能暗示说话者认为谈及的人孤独,通常只作定语。 lonely(adj. )意为“孤寂的”,可指人孤独还可描述使人感到孤寂的地方或活动,可作表语或定语。 assume, assure, ensure, insure assume:(v.)“假设,假定;承担(责任),取得(权利)"。 asure:(v.)表示向某人保证某事定会发生(含有让某人放心之 意,以消除疑虑)。常用搭配为assure sb. of sth/assuse sb. that ... ensue:(w.)“确定,保证”,确保某种行为一定会发生。常用搭配为ensure sth. /ensure thatinsure:(v.)多表示为防止不测向保险公司付钱投保。 allow, permit, admit, let Allow)1允许,不反对某人做某事,常含有“听任,默认,不阻止”的意思。常用搭配allow sb. to do sth. 或allow doing sth. Permit "允许,准许”,可与allow 通用, 含有积极的正面意义,多用于正式场合,指给予做某事的权利 admit,指在外界压力下不得不承认精误或事实,因面常译为”承认”。 let,“让,允许”只允许某人做某事比较,宾语后的不定式不带to,常客与alone连用, 但祈使句中用let不用alone和permit, 被动语态中用allow和permit很少用let. apparent, obvious, evident, clear- apparent:( adj.)含“一目了然的"的意思,还可指“思想上容易理解的"。 obvious:( adj. )指“容易知道或发现,无须解释或证明的。 evident:( adj. )多用于推理及抽象的事,指“明显的"。 clear:( adj. )普通用词,侧重清楚明白。 (提高)arise, rise, raise, arouse arise:( v. )多指问题或困境的产生、发生或出现,常用于抽象事物。 rise:(v. )使用范围广,意为“上升、达到较高水平;数量的增加;起身;太阳、月亮升起"。 raise:( v. )及物动词,表示把某物拾到高处,增加数量或提高水平。 arouse:(v. )及物动词,意为“唤醒,引起或激起(情感、态度)”。 (击败)beat, defeat, overcome, win Beat( n/m )指在战争竞赛中彻底击败对方,对象可以是人,也可以是物。 defeat:( n./v. )强调暂时的胜利,作名词讲时意为“失败,击败”。 Overcome:既可指在战争或竞赛中战胜对手。又可指克服学习工作等方面的困难或控制感情. Win:在竞赛或战斗中击败对方,或者赢得某物成为胜利者对象一般事务如battle,v (Cont_)context, content, contact, contrast, contractcontext:(n. )背景,语境,上下文 content:( n/aj.v. )内容,目录;满意的;使满足contact:( n./v. )接触,联系 contrast:( n./v. )对比 contract:( n./v. )合同,婚约;感染,收缩 (性格,个性)character, individuality, nature, personality, temperament character:(n.)“性格,品格,性情,个性”,侧重人格、品质,特指道义方面的邪、正等,也可笼统地 表示性格全貌:此外还表示“特点,人物,角色”等含义。 nindividualitye(n. )“个性,特征”,指与众不同的、有限著特色的性格特征。 pature:(n.)"本性,天性”,指天生的、无法改变的性格或品质。 psonaly(n.)“人格,个性,气度”,指在人际交往中体观出的能影响他人对自己的印象或看法的性情、举止等。 empramentn(n.)“脾气性情,气质",主要指影响人的思想,感情及行为的性情。气质或人易激动、易动怒的特点。 (明智,聪明)clever, ntelligent, smar, wise clever:( adj. )普通用词,表示善于学习和理解,思维敏捷,但是缺乏深度和广度。 itelligent:( adj. )强调有学识、理解力或推理能力强、智商高。 smart:(( ajv. )通俗口语, 表示“机灵,精明"等, 还可表示人衣冠楚楚, 光鲜亮丽:作动词时指身体某部位感到剧烈疼痛,或内心因失败而难过。 wise:( adj. )正式用语,形容人智力发达,明辨是非,知识渊博,经验丰富。 (CON_)conference, congress, convention, meeting conference:( n. )正式用词,一般指大型会议,如政府工作会议、国际学术交流会议、各国之间的协商、会谈等。 congress:(n. )指国会、议会、代表大会等机构,尤指经选举产生的国家立法机构的大会或由这些机构召开的大会,也可指专业人员代表大会。 convention:( n. )侧重指某一政党或团体为某特殊 目的而召开的会议, 也可指学术团体的年会。meeting:( n. )普通用词,用于小范围的聚会,如家庭会议、朋友相见、两位领导人之间的会晤等。 (费用)expense, expenditure, cost, spending, charge expense:(n./v. )指开销,花费。 expenditure:(n. )- - 般指国家预算中的支出,比较正式和宏观,多用于书面语。 cost:( n./v. )指生产某物的成本,也泛指商品的价格。 spending:(n. )指消耗,消费,可用来指花费时间、精力等,使用领域较为广泛。 charge:( n/w. )指提供服务时索取的费用,也指货物的价格价钱。 (扩宽,扩大)expand, extend expand:(v. )指尺码、数量或重要性的增加或增强,也可指扩展业务。 extend:(v.)“延长,扩展,.扩....的范围(或影响),可指公路、房子等的扩建,范围的扩大. (F_)favor. fever, flavor Favor:(n./v.)赞同,喜爱;偏爱 fever:(n. )发烧,狂热 flavor;( n./v. )风味,香料:加料于 (Late_)late, later, latest, atter late:( adi /adv. )迟,晚;在晚年:已故的:近日莽的 later:late的比较级,意为“较迟,较晚些 latest: late的最高级,意为“最晚的,最新的” latter:( adj. )指(两者中的)后者,前者用former表示 (躺,撒谎)lay, lie, lie 现在分词为laying,过去式和过去分词为lid, lay:(x.)“铺放,安置,产卵"。第三人称单数为lays,,我在分司为ie过去式为1.过去分司为lie:(v.)“平躺,平放,位于”。第三人称单数为Iies, lain。 lie:(v.)“撤谎”。第三人称单数为les,现在分词为lying,过去式和过去分词为ied。 (瞥,看,盯)look, gaze, stare, glare, glimpse look:(n./v. )指“看,瞧”。 gaze:( n./v. )“凝视”,强调由于惊奇、兴趣,目不转睛地注视。 stare:( n/v. )强调由于好奇、害怕或无意地睁大眼睛盯着看。 glare:( n./v.)“怒视”,指凶狠地盯着看。 gimpse:(n/.)“一瞥”",指短暂而急促地看,匆匆地看-眼。常用搭配为Catch have a glimpse of (_serve)reserve, deserve, preserve reserve:( n./v. )储备;预订,保留;保护区 deserve:(v. )应受,应得 Catch have a glimpse of (颤抖,摇晃,发冷)quake, shake, shiver, tremble quke( n/x. )常表示剧烈的震动,如地震:也可表示人因天气寒冷而发抖或因强烈的情绪而内心shake:(n./v)“摇动,抖动,震动”,普通用词, shiver:( n/v. )指人因寒冷、恐惧、激动等颤抖。,可用于人,也可用于物。 Tremble.)生理现象,指人体轻微快速不由自主地震动,特别是微动、害怕、寒冷、微地的自觉地发抖;还可表示物体轻轻地摇晃。 (保存,储存)reserve, deserve, preserve reserve:( n./v. )储备;预订,保留;保护区 deserve:(v. )应受,应得 preserve:( n/x. )保护区;保存,保护 (Su_)suppress, surpass, surrender, suspend, suspect, suppress:(v)抑制,镇压Surpass:超越,胜过 surrender:(n./v. )放弃,厢服 suspend:(v. )推迟,暂停,悬浮 suspet(n/v/adj )嫌疑犯:怀疑:可疑的 (Tran_)Transcend, traverse, transform transcend:( V)胜过,超越 traverse:(n/N )横贯,穿过 transfom:(w.)改变,转换 (付费)wage, salary, income, pay wage:(n. )-般指简单劳动或体力劳动者所得的工资、工钱,通常按周、日等短期计算发放。salary:(n. )一般指非体力劳动者所得的工资、薪水,般按年计算, 按月发放。 income:(n.) “收人,收益”,通常指个人收入所得,不仅限于工资,还包括奖金等。 pay:(n. )指不论工作性质如何,针对劳动所支付的报酬,它包含salay和wage(),为不可数名词。 (上升)show,grow,rise,ascend show “露出,出现,显现 grow“生长”, rise “上升”, ascend “攀登,上升”。 (不定代词+but)anything but“根本不,绝不", all but“.除……外全都.” Everyhing but“除...……都”, nothing but“仅仅,只
例题
1. [2016下] The Chinese recipes rapidly found()with foreign restaurant owners. A. favor B. flavor C. fever D. fancy [答案]A。解析:句意为“中国菜谱很快得到了外国餐馆老板们的青睐”。 现频讲解favor“喜爱,赞同”,find favor with sb. (= be supported by sb,)意为“得宠于人,得人好感,被人接受”,符合句意。favor“风味,特色”,fever “发烧,狂热”,fancy “幻想,想象力”,均不符!合句意,故本题选A。
2. [2016上] Excellent novels are those which()national and cultural barriers. A. transcend B. traverse C. suppress D. surpass [答案]A。解析:transcend “胜过,超越”,常用搭配是transcend national祝频讲解rriers“超越国界”;traverse“横越,穿过”,traverse the grasand“穿越草地”;suppress“抑制,!压”;surpass “优于,超过”。句意为“优秀的小说会跨越民族和文化的障碍”。故本题选A。
1Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children's () A touch B sight C reach D distance 2 ……l'm sory I stepped outside for a smoke. I was very tired. ……There is no()for this while you are on duty, A reason B. excuse C. cause D. explanation 3. The popularity of the film shows that the reviewers' fears were completely() A. unjustified B. unjust C. misguided D. unaccepted 4 lf you want to set up a company, you must_ with the rglaltions laid down by the auhoriues A. comply B. adhere c. confirm D. accord 5. When the idea of winning in sports is carried to excess,()competition can tum into disorder and violence. A. honestly B. honest c. honorable D. honorary 1.[答案]C.解析:本题考查短语辨析。句意为“时刻制记住,比如刀子这样的危险物品要放在孩子们()”。 out of touch“不联系”; out of sight“看不见,在视野之外”: Out of reach “(手)够不着,达不到" ; Out of distance“远离", 相当于far away。根据前面交代的危险品,可知本题选C。 2[答案]B.解析:本题考查名词辨析。 reason“原因”,指做某事的原因 excuse“借口, 理由",强调为做过的事辩解: Cause“起因,原因” explantion“解释,详细说明”。句意为“ 一对不起, 我出去抽烟了。我很累。 一你在值班的时候没有理由这样做。”故本题选B. 3.[答案]A。解析:本题考查形容词辨析。句意为“这部电影如此受欢迎,说明影评家的担心是全没有必要的"。 ujutifieid “不正当的,不必要的”, unjust “不公正的”, misguided “误入歧途的" ,acepte “不被接受的”。故本题选A。 4.[答案]A。解析:本题考查习惯搭配与词义辨析。comply与wih搭配,意为“遵守,遵从,依从(法律、规定、愿景等)”; adhere与to搭配,意为“坚持,遵守”: confirm意为“证实”: accord与with搭配,意为与……致,与……相符合”。 句意为“如果你想要开公司,那么必须遵守当局制定的规章制度”。故本题选A. 5.[答案]C解析:本题考查近形词辨析。 句意为“当体育中的必胜意识发展到极端时.光荣的竞争可能变成混乱和暴力。 honestly 是honest的副词,不能修饰名词; honest意为“诚实的" ; honorable意为“光荣的,可敬的”; honorary意为“(成员资格、称号等)荣誉的,义务的”。故本题选C。
句法
一定语从句 二非限制性定语从句 三that 的用法 四 than引导的定语从句
关系代词(who/whom/whose/that/which) 一关系代词引导的定语从句 1(主语,宾语,定语) (主语)在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致 2Whose 用来指人/物,只做定语;指物,和of which互换 3 which,that(主语/宾语) Which/in which(定语从句) 二关系副词(when/where/why)……表时间,地点,理由(在从句中作状语) when/where/why=介词+which(常互相交替使用) 1介词后的冠词词不能省略 2that前不能有介词 三判断关系代词与关系副词 一,看谓语,及物动词+关系代词,不及物动词+关系副词 二,关系词成分 (主语,定语,宾语)用(who/whom/that/which/whose) (关系词作状语)用(where/when/why)
一区别 1对先行词的影响 限制性定语从句+先行词(缺一不可,缺少从句,先行词意思不明确) 非限制性定语从句+先行词(从句是先行词的附加说明,从句可有可无) 2符号(,) 非限制性定语从句用逗号隔开,限制性定语从句不用 注意:that/why不能引导非限制性定语从句 二as /which引导的非限制性定语从句 1As和which可指代整个主句 2As,一般放在句首which,放在句=and this /and that
关系代词That的用法 一只能用that的情况 (1 )当先行词本身是 (all, few, little, much, none, everything, anything, nothing)等不定代词时,关系代词通常用that,不用which。 (2 )当先行词被 all,every, no, little, few, one, the only, the very, the right (恰当的),the last, the same 等修饰时,关系代词通常用that,不用which。 (3 )当先行词被序数词(包括last, next等)或形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词通常用that,不用which (4)当先行词既有人又有物时,通常用that,不用which。 (5 )当先行词在主中作表语,关系代词在定语从句中作表语时,通常用that,不用which。 (6)当主句中有who或which时,为避免重复,通常用that。 2.不能用that的情况 (1)介词前置时。 (2 )引导非限制性定语从句时。 (3 )先行词本身是that时。
than引导的定语从句 关系代词than引导定语从句时,前面通常有表比较的词。than 既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作主语较多,但偶尔会作宾语。
状语从句 (时间地点原因,目的,结果条件,方式,让步,比较)
) 2地点状语:where,wherever 3原因状语从句:Because, as, since, in that ,seeing (that), now that, considering that 4目的(so that, in order that, in case, for fear that) 5结果(so……that……, so that, such……that) 8比较状语从句: (as……as, not so as……as, than, the more……the more) 9让步状语从句 (As, although, though, even if/though, whether……or not, while, however, whatever, no matter……)
时间状语从句1时间状语从句 (When ,as ,while, before, after ,since, once, till/until as soon as,hardly (scarcely )……when……, no sooner…… than, the moment, immediately, directly instantly,every time, each time, next time, by the time 1when(引导的谓语动词,既可以是连续性,又可以是瞬时性。用于主句或从句动作同时发生,或从句动作先于主句动作发生) when(可用并列连词,引导并列句),正在这(那)时,=and at that time (Be doing sth/be about to do sth/be on the point of doing sth. When……(刚要……时突然……)等句式) 例:we were about to leave when he came in. 2 while(谓语动词是连续性的),主句和从句的动作同时发生 3as,“随着,在……的同时,一边……一边”,动作连续性,主句和从句同时发生,as也可强调“一先一后” As we were going out, it began to snow. 4before主句动作发生在从句动作前,after主句动作发生在从句动作之后 (Before 引导的从句谓语不用去否定式,before引导的从句在主句后,before“才……就……”主从时间关系……主句用将来时从句总是用现在时,如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去式,从句多用过去完成时,体现动作发生的先后顺序) 5till/until, a用于肯定句:动词是延续性,某动作/状态一直持续到某时间点才停止 b否定句:非延续性动词,从句是肯定句式(某动作直到某时间才开始)放在句首(用until) 6since,“自……以来,自……以后”从句用一般过去式,主句用现在完成时 it is+时间+since从句,主句用一般现在式 7一……就 as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant,the minute, the second) hardly(scarcely,rarely)……when/before, no sooner than(主句用过去完成式,从句用一般过去时) 8You by the way引导的时间状语从句,要注重时态的变化,在一般情况下, 如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时,主句的谓语用过去完成时 从句的谓用一般现在时主句的为用将来完成时 9 each time every time和whenever引导的时间状语从句 When I was at my sis to tell the truth I suspect that he's about to tell lie 10As long as引导时间状语从句时表示"长达……之久"
时间状语1时间状语从句 (When ,as ,while, before, after ,since, once, till/until as soon as,hardly (scarcely )……when……, no sooner…… than, the moment, immediately, directly instantly,every time, each time, next time, by the time
地点状语
引导词:where, wherever
原因状语从句
3原因状语从句:Because, as, since, in that ,seeing (that), now that, considering that 注意:for表因果关系时为并列连词或介词,不如because语气强,它引导的不是从句
结果状语从句
so that和so .. that, 1So that 引导目的状语从句时“以便,为了”,相当于in order that 从句中常出现,could will would等情态动词。 如:You have to carry a phone so that they can call you at any time你要随身带着手机,以便他们随时给你打电话。 (2).So that,引导结果状语从句时"因此,所以"从句一般不出现can may 等词, 如my throat constricted so that I had to concentrate on breathing 我嗓子发紧,所以我不得不把注意力集中在呼吸上。 (3.)so……that…… .引导结果状语从句“如此……以至于” ①so+形容词/副词+that.. 如:This moie is so funny that I have watched it sveral times 这部电影如此有趣以至于我看了好 ②so+形容词+a(n)+单数名词+ that .... 如:It is so hot a day that nobody wants to do anyhing.天气太热了以至于没人想做事情。 ③so+many/few+复数名词+that... 如:There are so many people that we're hard to move.这里人太多了以至于我们很难移动。 ④so+much/itte+不可数名词+that.. 如:My hand shook so much that I could hardly hold the microphone.我的手抖得如此厉害,以至于几乎拿不住麦克风。
So that Vs so……that
条件状语从句
条件状语从句由连词 If, when(如果),unless(=if...not), as(so)long as(只要), in case(如果,万一), so (as) far as (就...而言)、poviding/ provided(that), supposing/suppose(that), on condition that 如:1 If we pay more attention to the envirnment, well have a better world. 2 You will fail the exam unless you work hard. 3 So long as you're happy every day,I will be happy. 4 In case my father comes, let me know. 5 Suppose/ Supposing (that) it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? 注意:条件状语从句要注意时态的正确使用。 当主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时;主句用情态动词作谓语时,从句要用一般现在时; 主句为祈使句时,从句要用一般现在时。即所谓 主将从现,主情从现,主祈从现。 但在虚拟语气中就不同了。 如:He will not leave if it isn't fine tomorrow. If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.
条件状语从句 6条件(if,unless,as long as, in case, supposing, on condition that, providing, provided that, suppose that)
方式状语从句
(七)方式状语从句 方式状语从句由连词as, as if, as though, (just) as . so .. the way等引导。 1. as引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后。当6ust) as . so ..结构位于句首时,as带有比喻的含义,意思是..如....就.....多用于正式文体。 如: You are supposed to do the experiment as I do. As water is to fish, so air is to man. 2.asif和asthough的意义和用法相同,引导的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反;有时也用陈述语气,表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。 在感官动词look, see, feel, smell, taste, hear后多用真实语气,常译作“仿佛...似的,好像...似的”。 如:She looks as if (as though) she had been hit by lightning.(与事实相反,从句谓语用虚拟语气。) It looks as if the weather may become better very soon. (实现的可能性较大,从句谓语用陈述语气。)
方式:as, just as, as if/though
比较状语从句
(八)比较状语从句 比较状语从句由than, as .. as (和.....一样), not so(as)...as(不像……那样,不如), the +比较级...the +比较级... 等引导。 可用句式还有A is to B what/as X is to Y 如:He is taller than me. She is not so (as) outgoing as her sister. Food is to men what oil is to machine. 注意: 1.若从句的主语与主句的主语一致,为避免重复,常用that代替不可数名词或可数名词单数,those代替可数名词复数,用one或ones代替可数名词。 如: The result of this exam is better than that of the last one. 2.若从句的动词与主句的谓语动词一致,且为行为动词,常用do (does, did)代替,以避免重复。如: She works harder in the study than her brother does.
8比较状语从句: (as……as, not so as……as, than, the more……the more)
让步状语从句
(九)让步状语从句 让步状语从句由连同although, though, as, even if (though). while (尽管)、when (虽然),whether ....or not,疑问词+ ever, no matter +疑问词等引导。 1. although, though当“虽然"讲,都不能和but连用但都可以和yet (still)连用。 如:Although/Though my grandpa is very old, he is sill quite strong. 2as,though表示“虽然,尽管.引导的让步状语从句般用倒装要将表语或状语提前(名词,形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)。 3.“no matter +疑问词"和“疑问词+ ever" 均意为“不管……都……” 它们引寻的让步从句可互换。 但“no matter +疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句, 而“疑问词+ ever"还可引导名词性从句。如: Whatever (= No matter what) you say, I'll never change my mind. You can choose whatever (≠no matter what) you like in the shop.(引导宾语从句)
名词性从句
一主语从句
做主语的从句叫主语从句,名词性从句之一。 1陈述语序,谓语用三单, 2连接词 从属连词(that, whether) 连接代词(who/what/which) 连接副词(when/where/how/why) 句首:主语从句在句首,必须由连接词引导,且不可省略
连接词
1That,引导主语从句时只起引导作用,本身无实际意义,在主语从句中不充当任何成分,但不能省略 2由weather及其他连词引导的主语从句,放在句首/句末3that she left him cut him to the heart whether it will please them is not easy to say. 2016下 ,()man can aspire to and achieve goodness is evident throughout history A what b weather C that D how 解析:系动词is之前是主语,主语是从句=主语从句(应该用that) 译:"人向往善良且实行之,在历史上是屡见不鲜的"
连接代词(who/what/which/whoever/whatever/whichever) What seems easy to some people seems difficult to others. Which side will win is not clear
连接副词(when/where/how/why) 1why he did it remains a mystery 2 how he become a great scientist is known to us all
位置 主语从句可前置/后置。用it 作形式主语时,从句在句末
It+be+表语(名词/形容词)+主语从句 1 it is a fact(a shame, a pity, good news...)that... 2 it is still uncertain whether he is coming or not. 3 it is certain that she will do well in her exam.
It +不及物动词+主语从句 1it seemed(happened, doean't matter, has turned out)that... 2 it happens that they were absent 3 it doesn't matter whether she will come or not
It + 及物动词(被动语态)+主语从句 1 it has been decided that exhibition will not open on Sundasys 2 it is said that he has arrived in Beijing.
注意 1 it做形式主语,把主语从句放在句末,从属连词(that)可省 注意: 1如用 it 作形式主语,而且把主语从句放在句末,从属进词 that 可以省略。 误: They should like each other is natural. 正:That they should like each other is natural. 正:It is natural (that) they should like each other. ②主语从句用陈述语序。 误: What is she afraid of is their taking her to Paris. 正: What she is afraid of is their taking her to Paris. ③主语从句后的谓语用第三人称单数。 如:That they haven't phoned is strange.
宾语从句
1 (谓语动词,介词,动词不定式,V-ing,afraid, sure, glad)+宾语从句 2 (宾语从句是疑问句,应使用陈述语序)
宾语从句的连接词
引导宾语从句的连接词为从属连词,连接代词和连接副词 一从属连词(that)114
1 宾语从句做(learn ,suggest ,explain, agree, wonder, prove, mean ,state ,hold )等动词的宾语 如:Earlier reports suggested that a meeting would take place on sunday早先的报道暗示周日可能会召开会议。 2宾语从句较长 如:We all thinking that what the public is badly in need of is nothing but the development of economy. 我们都认为公众急需的仅仅是经济的发展 3主句状语置于宾语从句之前,或主句谓语与that从句间有插入语。 A.I realized at once that I had done wrong immediately she told me that.他一告诉我那件事,我就意识到我做错了 B.We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us.恰恰相反,我们希望他和我们呆在家里 C.Little Alice didn't know, I'm sure, that her sister was going to America,我确信一下爱丽丝,不知道她的姐姐很快就要到美国去了. 4宾语位于句首 如:That our team will win, I believe. 5主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语,从句时只有第一个that可以省略。 a. He said (that )the book was very interesting and that all the children like to read it.他说这本书非常有趣,所有的学生都喜欢读。 6宾语从句中的主语有(this that those these)修饰限定 如:He said that this was not his book, but his brother's. 他说这不是他的书,而是他兄弟的 7宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语 A. he told me that he was leaving for Japan. 8宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或从主语从句 A.these people seem to think that reading a few books on old age qualifies them as experts这些人似乎以为自己读了几本关于老年人的书,就可算作专家了。 10有it作形式宾语 We found it impossible that he could finish the task in such a short time,我们认为他不可能在这么短的时间内完成任务。 11在介词后作介词宾语 A. I know nothing about him expert that he knocked about south Africa for a while.除了知道他在南非流浪,过一段时间外,我对他一无所知
从属连词 whether和if
Whether和if引导一般疑问句做宾语从句表示"是否" 从句常放在动词(know, ask ,care ,wonder, found out )等后面 I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years.我不知道这么多年他是否还住在这里
下列情况只能用whether
1在介词后 A. I'm interesting in whether he likes english我感兴趣的是他是否喜欢英语? 2在不定式前 A.He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man. 他尚未决定是否拜访那位老年人? 3位于句首 A.whether this is true or not, I can't say是真是假,我说不上来 4用if 会引起歧义 例.Please let me know if you like this book理解为两种意思 A.Please let me know whether you like the book.请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书 B.If you like the book please let me know.你如果喜欢这本书请告诉我。
连接代词 (who, whom whose what whoever whomever whosever whatever whichever)
连接代词客在宾语从句中作主语,宾语, 表语, 定语, 不可省略
A.Do you know WHO has won this game B.I don't know whom you should depend on C.The book where show you what that the CEO should know D.Have you determined what ever you should buy a huawei or an apple smart phone
连接副词 (When where why how whenever however)
连接副词在宾语从句中做状语不可省略
A.He didn't tell me when we should meet again. B.None of US knows where these new parts can be bought.零件 C.Experts wonder why they US government is not taking similarly strong actions again AIDS in this country 专家们对为什么美国政府没有在这个国家采取类似的强硬措施来对抗艾滋病而感到困惑?
用it 作形式宾语的宾语从句
1(Find feel think consider make believe)等有宾语补足语时,需要用it做形式宾语,且将that引导的宾语从句后置 I think it necessary that we drink some water every day. 2(hate like appreciate depend on see to take...for grand)等候接宾语从句时习惯用it做形式宾语 I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food.
宾语从句的时态
1主语是一般现在时,宾语从句根据实际来判断 He says I'm a good friend
2主句(一般过去时),宾语从句用过去某个时态(一般过去式,过去进行时,过去将来时) A:He told me he would leave chong qing soon.
从句为(客观真理),不管主句是啥时态,从句都用一般现在时 A. The teacher told us yesterday that the moon travels around the earth once every day.
表语从句
连系动词:be look remain seem 从属连词:that whether as though(if) 连接代词(who what which whom whose whatever whoever whomever whichever) 连接副词(when where why how however whenever wherever) That 引导表语从句,可省略
含义
用作表语的从句叫表语,从句它位于组织中的连系动词之后 一般结构:主语+连系动词+表语从句 AThe trouble is that we are short of money BThat is y stone was a used instead of fences around the new england field CAt that time,it seemed as if i couldn't think of the right word anyhow.
由(that,whether)引导
1that在引导的表语从句时,无词义 2whether “是否”
一抽象名词 Question trouble problem result chance suggestion idea reason 作用(表语从句对主句主语进行解释,说明是主语的内容,具体化)
二AThe trouble is that he has lost his money BThe question is whether we need more ice cream CThe problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use DWhat we couldn't understand was that fewer and fewer students should interest in her lessons.
句子之间的含义关系
同意
对你
蕴含
预设
自相矛盾
语义反常
教学情景分析题
教学设计
自相矛盾
一反常
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