logistics management - packing and materials handling

这是一篇关于building-blocks concept积木概念的思维导图，主要内容包括：product characteristics，materials handling，key terms，stowage into vehicle，unitization，packaging。

building-blocks concept积木概念

• product characteristics
  • physical
  • chemical
  • consumer
• packaging
  • definition
    • materials used for the containment, protection, handling, delivery, and presentation of goods
  • fundamentals
    • trade off
      • promotion & protect & identity
      • inter-department
    • Package testing and monitoring
    • Label
      • Typically occurs at the end of the assembly process
      • Boxes must be labeled when contents are hidden
      • Many regulations govern labeling
        • Weight
        • Specific contents
        • Instructions for use
      • Regulations differ from country to country
  • issues
    • Environmental protection
      • Reduce packing materials used
      • Environmentally friendly with recycled content
      • Closed-loop system 闭环系统
        • Use reusable containers
        • Retain or support services that collect used packaging and recycle it
    • packaging inefficiencies
      • Building-blocks concept is useful for analyzing packaging inefficiencies
      • Undesirable logistics consequences
        • Increased loss & damage
        • Slower materials handling
        • Higher storage costs
        • Higher transportation costs
      • 物流节约的最后一道战线
    • transportation
      • Carriers' tariffs and classifications
        • type of packaging & packing method
      • Product density
        • best use of the equipment's capabilities
      • Reduce damage
        • reduce the loss and damage claims
• key terms
  • see PPTs
• materials handling
  • definition
    • the short-distance movement that usually takes place within the confines of a building such as a plant or distribution center and between a building and a transportation service provider
  • building-blocks concept vs. large quantities handled in bulk
  • MH principles
    • see PPTs
  • MH equipments
    • classification
      • • storage equipment
          • shelf
          • rack
          • bin
        • handling equipment
          • lift truck
          • crane
          • cart
          • conveyor system
      • • labor intensive
        • mechanized
        • automated
    • decisions
      • Storage equipment vs. handling equipment
      • Sufficient volume is needed to justify high cost of automated equipment
      • order picking and assembly system
        • Picker-to-part systems
        • Part-to-picker systems
• stowage into vehicle
  • Stowage based upon load-planning software
  • Bracing or inflatable dunnage bags（充气填充袋）
  • Weighing out （重量满载）
    • Cubes out （容量满载） vs.
• unitization
  • defined
    • consolidation of several units (cartons or cases) into larger units to improve efficiency in handling and to reduce shipping costs
    • handling efficiency
      • Facilitated by mechanical devices (pallet jack or forklift) as well as by using a pallet or skid
  • unitization platform
    • pallet/skid
      • wood
      • plastic
      • metal
      • advantage in
        • price
        • longevity
        • safety
        • weight
        • flammable or not
        • 可移动的地面 使静态货物变为动态货物的媒介物
  • PROs & CONs
    • • additional protection
      • pilferage discourage
      • mechanical devices
    • • limited value to resellers dealing in smaller quantities
      • mechanical or automated device: costly
      • Lack of standard pallet size
• Packaging & Materials Handling
• A very small unit is placed into a slightly larger unit, and so on, to protect the product