导图社区 动词的不定式
定义:动词不定式就是在动词前加上to变为不定式,起名词、形容词或副词的作用
编辑于2023-02-01 02:19:48动词不定式
定义:动词不定式就是在动词前加上to变为不定式,起名词、形容词或副词的作用
动词不定式的名词性用法
(1)主语
To sthdy is my hobby
To teach English is easy
To play the piano is intersting
(2)宾语
I like to study English.
I do not want to stsy here all day.
He forgot to buy the book.
(3)补语
My hobby is to study.
My dream is to be a docor.
His wish is to be a police officcer in the future
动词不定式的形容词用法
动词不定式起形容词作用时一般放在名词后修饰名词。
I want water to drink
I have no food to eat
I have something to do.
动词不定式有时会和介词连用修饰名词
I have no house to live in 我没有可以住(在里面)的房子。
I don't have pen to wrrite with. 我没有(用来写字的)钢笔。
I need a chair to sit on. 我需要坐(在上面的)椅子。
动词不定式的副词性用法
修饰形容词
This book is diffcult to read.
It's easy to understand
副词修饰形容词时,一般放在形容词前面(very good, really difficult) 但动词不定式起副词作用、修饰形容词,要放在形容词之后。(good to read ,difficult to read)
修饰副词
He is too young to go to school
He is old enough to go to school
修饰动词、句子
I wake up early to catch the first train to catch 是动词不定式的副词性用法(表目的)
I get up early to go to school 为了去上学(表目的)
He works hard to buy a car 为了买车(表目的)
She goes to the stroe to buy an apple 为了买苹果(表目的)
动词不定式表示原因的副词性用法
I am glad to meet you 因为遇见你(表示理由,情感上的原因)
She is happy to go there因为去那儿(表原因)
动词不定式表示判断依据的副词性用法
He must be mad to do so 因为他那样做(判断的依据) 从他那样做看来,他一定是疯了
She can't be a fool to stay so 因为她那样说(判断的依据) 从她那样说来看,她一定是个傻瓜
动词不定式表结果的副词性用法
He grew up to be a doctor.
grow, live,awake 这三个动词有表示结果的用法, 所以翻译时要翻译出结果的意味
He grew up to be a teacher 他长大后成了老师(表结果)
She lived to be eighty 她活到了80岁(表结果)
I awoke to find myself famous.我醒来才发现自己出名了(表结果)
I studied hard only fo fail 我努力学习,但还是失败了(表结果)
I hurried to the staion only to miss the train 我赶到车站,但还是错过了火车 (在动词不定式前加上only,也表示结果的用法)
快速区分不定式的用法
to + 名词 是由 介词+名词构成的修饰语
to me , to the hospital,to the coffee shop, to Paris,to the station,to the river,to the door ,to the soldiers, to my family
to + 动词 是动词不定式。这就需要判断究竟是名词性用法、形容词性用法还是副词性用法
如果动词不定式前有名词,且它用来修饰名词,他就是形容词性用法
如果在句子中作主宾补,那就是名词性用法
排除以上就只剩副词性用法了
动词不定式的否定
动词不定式的否定形式,是直接在动词不定式前加not。
I want not to drink
I told him not to go out at night
I want not to eat
She promised not to be late
副词
副词可以更准确地传达意思,使句子内容更加丰富。同时副词也可以表示原因、目的、手段、方法、时间、地点、频度等。
一般副词
now, beautifully,happily等
副词短语
because of you , every year
副词性质的状语从句
because I love you , when the train arrives here, if you are not here
词性
名词
指所有事物的名称,可以在句子中作主语、宾语、补语等成分
形容词
指可以修饰名词的词。所以提到形容词,就要想到修饰名词
副词
副词是指可以修饰形容词、副词、动词、句子的词。副词不可以修饰名词
动词
动词在句子中充当谓语,他们起决定句子类型和时态的重要作用
动词不定式
定义:动词不定式就是在动词前加上to变为不定式,起名词、形容词或副词的作用
动词不定式的名词性用法
(1)主语
To sthdy is my hobby
To teach English is easy
To play the piano is intersting
(2)宾语
I like to study English.
I do not want to stsy here all day.
He forgot to buy the book.
(3)补语
My hobby is to study.
My dream is to be a docor.
His wish is to be a police officcer in the future
动词不定式的形容词用法
动词不定式起形容词作用时一般放在名词后修饰名词。
I want water to drink
I have no food to eat
I have something to do.
动词不定式有时会和介词连用修饰名词
I have no house to live in 我没有可以住(在里面)的房子。
I don't have pen to wrrite with. 我没有(用来写字的)钢笔。
I need a chair to sit on. 我需要坐(在上面的)椅子。
动词不定式的副词性用法
修饰形容词
This book is diffcult to read.
It's easy to understand
副词修饰形容词时,一般放在形容词前面(very good, really difficult) 但动词不定式起副词作用、修饰形容词,要放在形容词之后。(good to read ,difficult to read)
修饰副词
He is too young to go to school
He is old enough to go to school
修饰动词、句子
I wake up early to catch the first train to catch 是动词不定式的副词性用法(表目的)
I get up early to go to school 为了去上学(表目的)
He works hard to buy a car 为了买车(表目的)
She goes to the stroe to buy an apple 为了买苹果(表目的)
动词不定式表示原因的副词性用法
I am glad to meet you 因为遇见你(表示理由,情感上的原因)
She is happy to go there因为去那儿(表原因)
动词不定式表示判断依据的副词性用法
He must be mad to do so 因为他那样做(判断的依据) 从他那样做看来,他一定是疯了
She can't be a fool to stay so 因为她那样说(判断的依据) 从她那样说来看,她一定是个傻瓜
动词不定式表结果的副词性用法
He grew up to be a doctor.
grow, live,awake 这三个动词有表示结果的用法, 所以翻译时要翻译出结果的意味
He grew up to be a teacher 他长大后成了老师(表结果)
She lived to be eighty 她活到了80岁(表结果)
I awoke to find myself famous.我醒来才发现自己出名了(表结果)
I studied hard only fo fail 我努力学习,但还是失败了(表结果)
I hurried to the staion only to miss the train 我赶到车站,但还是错过了火车 (在动词不定式前加上only,也表示结果的用法)
快速区分不定式的用法
to + 名词 是由 介词+名词构成的修饰语
to me , to the hospital,to the coffee shop, to Paris,to the station,to the river,to the door ,to the soldiers, to my family
to + 动词 是动词不定式。这就需要判断究竟是名词性用法、形容词性用法还是副词性用法
如果动词不定式前有名词,且它用来修饰名词,他就是形容词性用法
如果在句子中作主宾补,那就是名词性用法
排除以上就只剩副词性用法了
动词不定式的否定
动词不定式的否定形式,是直接在动词不定式前加not。
I want not to drink
I told him not to go out at night
I want not to eat
She promised not to be late
副词
副词可以更准确地传达意思,使句子内容更加丰富。同时副词也可以表示原因、目的、手段、方法、时间、地点、频度等。
一般副词
now, beautifully,happily等
副词短语
because of you , every year
副词性质的状语从句
because I love you , when the train arrives here, if you are not here
词性
名词
指所有事物的名称,可以在句子中作主语、宾语、补语等成分
形容词
指可以修饰名词的词。所以提到形容词,就要想到修饰名词
副词
副词是指可以修饰形容词、副词、动词、句子的词。副词不可以修饰名词
动词
动词在句子中充当谓语,他们起决定句子类型和时态的重要作用