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英语万词百链
这是一篇关于英语万词百链思维导图，90条词根总结，延伸相应单词，互相关联，更容易理解和记忆，整合考研、四六级、高考、雅思托福等各类主流英语考试高频词根，搭配外刊原文、影视剧经典例句、实用词组拓展内容，构建完整互联的单词记忆网络，打破孤立背词低效难题，依靠词根逻辑串联同源衍生词汇，让单词理解、背诵、运用一体化，适配全阶段英语自学、课堂教学、备考冲刺等多种学习场景。不管是学生梳理词根体系自主背诵、教师制作课堂教学课件、培训机构编写词汇讲义、备考人群搭建长期单词复习框架，还是英语博主整理外刊、影视素材制作学习干货，都能直接套用。模板区别于普通单词表，不只是单纯罗列单词，深度挖掘词根之间的关联逻辑，90 条高频词根全覆盖考试核心考点，每个衍生词汇同步搭配实用搭配词组，例句取材主流外刊、热门影视剧，兼顾应试提分与口语写作实用能力，既能应对试卷词汇辨析、完形填空、阅读生词，又能积累地道表达用于作文、口语交流，解决只会背单词不会灵活运用的学习痛点。适用于初高中在校学生、高考英语备考考生、大学四六级备考学生、考研英语一 / 二备考学子、雅思托福出国考试学习者、英语培训机构授课老师、中小学英语任课教师、语言类专业在校生、成人职场自学英语人群、自媒体英语干货博主、零基础英语入门学习者、外刊精读爱好者。
编辑于2024-05-07 10:47:30- 英语
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万词百链
1、act
= to do, to drive, 表示“行动，做”
act
/ækt/ v.①做事，行动；②表现得；③扮演（角色） n.①行为，行动；②（议会通过的）法案，法令
[例1] We must act soon to end this crisis. 我们必须尽快采取行动结束这场危机。 [例2] Stop acting like a spoilt child! 别再像惯坏的孩子一样胡闹了！ [例3] an Act of Congress 国会法案 bill （提交议会讨论的）议案，法案 code 法典 the Code of Hammurabi 汉谟拉比法典 law 法律（体系）
action
/ˈækʃn/ n.①行为，行动；②诉讼，起诉 【act+ion 名词后缀→行为】
[例] Action speaks louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩 [搭] take legal action against sb./sth. 起诉某人/某事
actor
/ˈæktər/ n.（男）演员 【act+or 名词后缀，表人→演戏的人】
Captain America 美国队长 Chris Evans（扮演者姓名）
actress
/ˈæktrəs/ n.女演员 【act(o)r演员+ess名词后缀，表女性→女演员】
Black Widow 黑寡妇 Scarlett Johansson （扮演者姓名）
activity
/ækˈtɪvəti/ n.活动 【act+ivity 状态→活动状态】
[例] illegal/criminal activities 不法/犯罪活动
inactivity
/ˌɪnækˈtɪvəti/ n.不活动（性），无事可做，无所作为 【in不+act+ivity状态→活动状态】
couchaholism 葛优“躺” ~ manspreading [贬义] I know I am wasting my life, but I just don't want to stop. 我知道我正在浪费自己的生命，但我就是不想停下来。 问：“为什么大多数人宁愿吃生活的苦，也不愿吃学习的苦。” 答：因为懒。学习的苦需要主动去吃，而生活的苦，你躺着不动它就来了。 Q: Why do vast majority of people prefer sufferings of life rather than pains of learning? A: Idleness, period! Aches and pains of learning come with your own choice, but life easily becomes unbearable once you do nothing.
actual
/ˈæktʃuəl/ a.真实的；实际的 【act+ual有……性质的→行动的→实际的】
[例] policies governing actual cost 控制实际成本的政策
actually
/ˈæktʃuəli/ ad.真实地，事实上 【actual+ly】
actualize
/ˈæktʃuəlaɪz/ v.实现，使发生 【actual+ize 动词后缀，使成为……→使……成为现实】
enact
/ɪ'nækt/v.通过（法律） 【en+act→使（法律）动→实施法律】
[例1] enact a bill 制定一项法案 [例2] Congress will enact legislation related to that issue. 国会将颁布有关这一问题的立法。
interact
/ˌɪntərˈækt/ v.①交流，沟通，合作；②相互影响，相互作用 【inter相互+act→相互动→相互作用】
[例] Performers can interact well with audience in sitcom. 情景剧中，演员可以和观众很好的互动。 * The Big Bang Theory 生活大爆炸 * Sheldon Cooper 谢尔顿·库珀 * sitcom: situation comedy * scifi/scifi movie: science fiction movie
counteract
/ˌkaʊntərˈækt/ v.抵制，抵消，抵抗 【counter反+act→反着动→力量对抗→抵消】
[例] These exercises aim to counteract the effects of stress and tension. 这些运动旨在抵消压力与紧张的影响。
transact
/trænˈzækt/ v.做业务，做交易 【trans横+act→横向动→互相贸易或交易】
[例] transact a real estate deal 处理房地产交易
transaction
/trænˈzækʃn/ n.交易，业务 【transact+ion】
2、fac,fic
= face, 表示“脸，面”
face
/feɪs/ n.脸；面容；表面 v.朝，面向；正视
[搭] face to face 面对面 lose face 丢脸 make one's face fall 沉下脸来 (showed disappointment, sadness, etc.) pull/make faces (at sb.) 扮鬼脸 * expressions on your face beam 眉开眼笑 beam at sb. 朝某人微笑 frown 皱眉 glare 怒目而视 glare at sb. 怒视着某人 smirk 傻笑/得意地笑 sneer 嗤笑（轻蔑一笑） Face ID VS Touch ID (FingerPrint) [搭] face mask口罩 [例] If you're going out without a face mask, here are a couple of instances that you can learn from. 当你要出门但没有口罩，这里有一些实例可供借鉴。 [例1] a north-facing wall 面北的墙 [例2] face the truth 面对现实；直面真相
facet
/'fæsɪt/ n.面；方面；琢面 【fac脸，面+et小→面；平面】
facetious
/fə'si:ʃəs/ a.诙谐的；轻浮的 【facet平面+ious…的→表面的→轻浮的】
[搭] a facetious remark （不问场合）耍聪明的言论 [例] Facetious remarks are part of his stock-in-trade.讲俏皮话是他的拿手好戏。
preface
/'prefəs/ n.前言；序言 v.为…写序言；作…的开场白 【pre前+fac面+e→[书]前的面→前言】
[例] I will preface what I am going to say with a few lines from Shakespeare. 我将引用莎士比亚的几行诗作为发言的开场白。
surface
/ˈsɜːrfɪs/ n.表面；外观 v.浮出水面；显露 【sur在….上面+face 脸面→表面】
[搭1] the earth's surface 地球表面 [搭2] on the surface 表面上；乍一看
deface
/dɪˈfeɪs/ v.损伤…的外观（尤指乱涂、乱写） 【de去掉；毁+face脸→把脸毁坏→丑化】
[例1] It's illegal to deface banknotes.在钞票上乱涂乱画是违法的。 [例2] Please do not deface books.请勿污损书籍。
superficial
/ˌsuːpərˈfɪʃl/ a.表面的；肤浅的 【super在…上面+fic脸+ial→在脸上面→肤浅的】
[搭] have a superficial knowledge of 略懂皮毛；一知半解 ♫ If I Ain't Got You-Alicia Keys Some people think that the physical things define what's within 有些人认为唯有物质的东西才能定义生活的本质 And I've been there before, and that life's a bore 我也曾迷茫于其中，但那样的生活枯燥无趣 So full of the superficial 充斥着肤浅的东西
3、fect,fic
= make,do, 表示"做，制作"
sacrifice
/ˈsækrɪfaɪs/ v.牺牲 n.牺牲品 【sacri神圣+fic+e→(甘愿）做神圣的事→牺牲】
*sac,sanc=thank 神 *sanctity n. 圣洁；尊严；神圣不可侵犯性 *sanctify vt. 使圣洁；使神圣化；把……奉献给神；认可 *sanction(sanctions) n. 制裁；处罚 v. 认可，准许；对……实施制裁，处罚 [例1] parental sacrifice 父母式“牺牲” *school district houses 学区房 *propel prices 推动价格上涨 *elite schools 重点学校 [例 2] To give anything less than your best is to sacrifice the gift. 对任何事都不尽力去做就是在浪费才能。 *Limitless 《永无止境》 Remember, with great power comes great responsibility. [拓] If you really wanna be my girl, I need your sacrifice. —Get Funky, Click#15
proficient
/prəˈfɪʃ(ə)nt/ a.精通的，熟练的 【pro前+fic+ient→以前做过→熟练的】
[搭] be proficient in/at(doing)sth. 精通(做)某事 [例] He is proficient in a number of music professional fields. 他精通许多音乐专业领域。
proficiency
/prəˈfɪʃ(ə)nsi/ n.精通，熟练 【proficinent的名词形式】
[例1] a high level of proficiency in English 精通英语 [例2] The key to acquiring proficiency in any task is repetition. 任何事情成功的关键都是熟能生巧。
efficient
/ɪˈfɪʃ(ə)nt/ a.效率高的；有能力的 【ef出+fic+ent→能做出事来→有效率的】
[例] the efficient use of energy 能源的有效利用 [拓] low-carbon lifestyle 低碳生活方式 eco-friendly products 环保产品 user-friendly 用户友好 reduce pollution and waste 减少污染和浪费 develop renewable resources 开发可再生能源
efficiency
/ɪˈfɪʃ(ə)nsi/ n.效率；效能 【efficient的名词形式】
[例1] considerable advancements in energy efficiency 能源效率的显著提高 [例2] improve efficiency and reduce costs 提高效率，降低成本
suffice
/sə'faɪs/ v.使满足，充足 【suf 在下面+fic+e→在下面先做好→使满足】
[搭] suffice to say(that)…无须多言；只需说…就够了 [例] Perhaps it will suffice to mention one example. One example will suffice to illustrate the point. 举一个例子就足以证明这一点。
sufficient
a.足够的；充足的 【suffic(e)+ient】
[例1] self-sufficient 自给自足的 [例2] a sufficient supply of quality foodstuffs 充足的优质食品供应
affect
/əˈfekt/ v.影响；感染；打动 【af 加强+fect→促使别人做→影响】
[例1] The airspace shutdowns have affected millions of travelers. 领空关闭影响到了数百万旅客。 * volcano 火山 volcanic explosion/eruption 火山爆发 [例2] be affected by the cancer 受到癌症的感染 [例3] The audience was deeply affected by his lecture. 听众被他的演讲深深打动了。 [拓] affect & effect affect vt.对某物施加动作/影响 effect n.做某事产生的效果 affect sth.=have an effect on sth.对……产生影响
affective
/əˈfektɪv/ a.感情的 【affect+ive 表形容词→令人动感情的】
[例] to view emoji as an affective signal for digital communication 把表情包当作一种数字交流的情感符号 *sticker 贴图
affection
/əˈfekʃ(ə)n/ n.感情；友情 【affect+ion 表名词→感动→感情】
[例] filial affection/duty 孝道（子女对父母的感情） filial 子女的，孝心的
infect
/ɪnˈfekt/ v.感染，传染 【in 进入+fect→做进去→传染进去】
[搭] infect sb./sth.with sth. 使……传染上…… [例1] people infected with HIV 染上艾滋病病毒的人 *HIV：Human Immunodeficiency Virus 人类免疫缺陷病毒 [例2] a mind infected with racial prejudice 满是种族偏见的思想
infection
/ɪnˈfekʃ(ə)n/ n.传染；感化 【infect+ion】
[例] The only way to stop this spread of infection is to destroy the infectees' brains. 阻止这种传染的唯一方法是摧毁感染者的大脑。 *Resident Evil：Degeneration《生化危机：恶化》 CG: Computer Graphics 通过计算机软件所绘制的一切图形的总称
infectious
/ɪnˈfekʃəs/ a.传染性的；有感染性的 【infect+ious】
[例] an infectious smile 有感染性的微笑
perfect
/ˈpɜː(r)fɪkt/ a.完美的；完全的；优秀的 【per 全部+fect→全部做完→完美的】
[搭] perfect for sb./sth. 对……正合适 [例1] She's the perfect candidate for the job. 她是这项工作的最佳人选。 [例2] Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
perfection
/pə(r)ˈfekʃ(ə)n/ n.完善;完美 【perfect+ion】
4、ag
= do,act, 表示“做，代理做”
agenda
/a'dʒenda/ n.(会议的）议事表，议事日程 【ag+enda 表示复数→做的事情→议程】
[搭] sth. be high on the agenda/be top of the agenda 某事是最重要的待办事项（当务之急) [拓] schedule n.安排，计划 timetable n.时间表，时刻表
agile
/'ædʒaɪl/ a.(动作）敏捷的，灵活的；（思维）机敏的 【ag+ile 能…的→能做的→灵活的】
[例] The world is entering a new age: the age of Agile. An unstoppable revolution is affecting almost everyone. 世界正进入一个新时代：敏捷的时代。一场势不可挡的革命几乎影响着每一个人。
agent
/ˈeɪdʒənt/ n.代理人，代理商；动因；特工 【ag+ent 表人或物→做的人→代理人】
[搭] real estate agent 房地产中介 real estate broker 房地产经纪人 [例] Technological advances are the chief agents of change. 技术进步是变革的主要推动力。【动因】 [拓] Beijing Daxing International Airport 北京大兴国际机场 5th generation networks 5G 网络 robot automatic parking 机器人自动泊车 [例] Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. 神盾局特工
agency
/'eɪdʒənsi/ n.代理机构；（政府的）专门机构 【ag+ency 表示机构或状态→代理机构】
[搭] travel agency 旅行社 【代理机构】 [拓] domestic travel 国内游 outbound tour 出境游 boundary peak season/high season 旺季 offseason 淡季，休赛期 NBA preseason 季前赛 NBA season 常规赛 NBA playoff 季后赛 [搭] the Central Intelligence Agency(CIA）中央情报局【（政府的）专门机构】
agitate
/'ædʒɪ,teɪt/ v.激怒，使不安；鼓动，煽动 【ag+it 表反复+ate→反复做（驱动）→搅动，煽动，使激动】
[例] Insincere apology agitated Chinese consumers. 不真诚的道歉激怒了中国消费者。 [拓] Dolce and Gabbana(D&G) 杜嘉班纳 discriminate against Chinese 歧视华人 boycott the brand 抵制品牌 [搭] agitate for social change 鼓吹社会变革【鼓动，煽动】
agitation
/,ædʒɪ'teɪʃn/ n.鼓动，煽动 【agitat(e)+ion】
agitator
/'adʒɪteɪtər/ n.鼓动者，煽动者 【agitat(e)+or 人→鼓动的人】
5、hap
= chance, 表示"机会，运气"
perhaps
/pərˈhæps/ ad.也许，可能 【per 全部+haps→全部由运气[决定]→也许】
[例] Yet it requires skills and perhaps repeated practice to make a broom stand on the sharp end. 至于扫帚柄朝下也能立住的人，可能是在家憋太久，达到了熟能生巧的境界。 [拓] broomstick challenge“立扫把”挑战 used when making a polite request, offer, or suggestion [例] Would you perhaps consent to act as our guide? 你也许会同意做我们的向导吧？ [同] possibly （可能性不高） maybe
happen
/ˈhæpən/ v.发生 【hap+pen 表动词→机会来了→发生】
[搭1] happen on sth. (to find sth. by chance) 偶然发现某物 [搭2] happen to sb./sth. (to have an effect on sb./sth.) 遭到; 遇到 [例] I hope nothing has happened to them. 我希望他们没事。 [IDIOMS] anything can/might happen 结果难以预料；什么事都可能发生 as it happens/happened 令人惊奇的是；恰恰 shit happens 天有不测风云 an accident/a disaster waiting to happen 隐患 [例] I mean... I don't know what would really happen when an outbreak hits the US. I would be quite afraid. 我也不知道如果美国爆发疫情会是什么样。我会很恐慌。 [口] What happened? 发生了什么? What happened to the U.S. stock market? [拓] circuit breaker mechanism 熔断机制 Shanghai Composite Index 上证综合指数 A-share market A 股市场 Dow Jones Industrial Average 道琼斯工业平均指数
hapless
/'hæpləs/ a.运气不好的，倒霉的 【hap +less 无…的→无运气的→运气不好的】
[搭] the hapless victim 倒霉的受害者
happy
/ˈhæpi/ a.幸运的；幸福的 【hap+py→有运气的→幸福的】
[IDIOMS] a happy event 喜事 a/the happy medium 折中办法 not a happy bunny 对境况不满意 [同] joyful blissful
happiness
/ˈhæpɪnɪs/ n.幸福 【happy+ness】
[例] Happiness doesn't depend on any external conditions, it is governed by our mental attitude. —Dale Carnegie 幸福不取决于任何外在条件，而是由我们的心态决定。 *The Pursuit of Happyness《当幸福来敲门》 [近] satisfaction contentment fulfilment *be content to 满足于…
mishap
/ˈmɪsˌhæp/ n.不幸，灾祸 【mis 坏+hap→坏运气→不幸】
[释] a small accident or piece of bad luck that does not have serious results [搭] a series of mishaps 一连串的倒霉事 manufacturing mishaps damaged jets and delayed deliveries 导致飞机受损、交付推迟的生产事故 [同] misfortune [拓] Schadenfreude is the peculiar pleasure people derive from others' misfortune. 幸灾乐祸是由于别人的不幸而带来的古怪的愉悦感。 *schadenfreude ['ʃɑdnfrɔɪdə]幸灾乐祸
haphazard
/hæp'hæzərd/a.偶然的；无计划的 【hap+hazard 冒险→运气和冒险都是偶然的→偶然的】
[同] occasional 偶然的 casual 偶然的；休闲的 *rise to the occasion 应付自如 [搭] a haphazard plan of action 临时行动计划 [例] My so-called career is a haphazard thing.—Paul McCartney 我所谓的事业其实是一个偶然事件。 [例] Anything haphazard is random, disorganized, slipshod, or hit-or-miss. 偶发的事情是随机的、杂乱无章的、草率的或者毫无计划的。【hazardous = dangerous】
haphazardly
/ˌhæpˈhæzɚdlɪ/ ad.偶然地，随意地 【haphazard+ly】
[同] randomly /at random
6、cre,creas
= grow,make, 表示“增长,产生"
create
/kriˈeɪt/ vv.创造 【cre+ate→增长→创造】
[搭] create a new account 创建新帐户 [例] To create something exceptional, your mindset must be relentlessly focused on the smallest detail.—Giorgio Armani 想要创造出非凡的事物，你就必须不懈地专注于最微小的细节。 [例] To our horror, their at-first amicable splitgrows into a monster they had no idea they were capable of creating. 令人们感到恐惧的是，夫妻之间最初的和平分手逐渐成长为一只恶魔，而这一点连他们本人都始料未及。 [拓] Marriage Story 《婚姻故事》 Virginity Complex 处女情结
creative
/kriˈeɪtɪv/ a.有创造性的 【creat(e)+ive 形容词后缀→有创造性的】
[搭] creative thinking 创造性思维 = productive thinking [例] All creative people want to do the unexpected.有创造力的人做得都是超出预期的事情。
creativity
/ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti/ n.创造力；创造性 【creativ(e)+ity 名词后缀→有创造性的】
creature
/ˈkriːtʃər/ n.生物；创造物 【crea产生+ture与行为有关之物→生物；创造物】
[搭] the most gorgeous creature in the world 人间尤物 [习] a creature of sb.傀儡
creator
/kriˈeɪtər/ n.创造者；发明者 【creat(e)创造+or人→创造者】
[例] Sadly, Christian philosophy decided to embezzle the female's creative power by ignoring biological truth and making man the Creator. —The Da Vinci Code 令人伤心的是，基督教的哲学决定通过忽略女性的生理特征来抹灭女性的创造力量，并把男性尊为“创造者”。 ——《达芬奇密码》 [拓] mystery-detective fiction novel 侦探悬疑小说 worldwide bestseller 世界畅销书 golden section 黄金分割（0.618）
recreate
/ˌriːkriˈeɪt/ v.休养；再造 【re 再+create→再创造→休养[再创能量]】
[例] How do you recreate your childhood when you are under the magnifying glass of the world?—He is the King 当你的一生都被安置在放大镜下被人关注时，试问你又如何重新找回你的童年？ There is no question that Michael Jackson is one of the greatest talents the world has ever known.
recreation
/ˌriːkriˈeɪʃn/ n.娱乐，消遣 【recreat(e)+ion】
[例] When the days grow shorter and the night grows long, well, humans seem to turn to procreation for recreation. 当白天越来越短而夜晚越来越长时，人类似乎会以生育为乐。 [拓] baby boom 婴儿潮 In Western countries, birth rates spike in September and early October. 西方国家的生育率会在9月和10月初出现激增。 [近] entertainment leisure
decrease
/dɪˈkriːs; ˈdiːkriːs/ v.减少；降低 n.减少；减少量 【de 向下+crease 增长→向下增加→减少】
[例] "Between 2019 and 2050, 55 countries or areas are expected to see their populations decrease by at least 1%," the report said. 报告称：“2019年至2050年间有55个国家或地区预计人口会下降至少1%”。 [拓] 表示“数量、大小、强度、重要性”减少：decrease/decline/diminish/reduce/slip/drop/fall/lower 表示“大幅度、急剧”减少：plunge/crash/slump/dive [拓] The price of Huawei's listed bonds has dropped to 94 cents on the dollar. 华为上市债券的价格已降至94美分。 [搭1] a decrease in pork production 猪肉产量下降 [搭2] a sharp decrease in population 人口急剧减少
decrement
/dɪˈkrɪmənt/ n.递减；减少量 【de 向下+cre 增长+ment表结果→减少量】
increase
/ɪnˈkris/ v./n.增长，增多，增加 【in向内+crease向内增→增加】
[例] Through the purchase of fake followers to increase shares and comments, some live streamers can create fake online popularity. 一些主播通过购买假粉来增加分享和评论数，可以在网上制造虚假的人气。 [拓] KOL (Key Opinion Leader) 关键意见领袖 Online influencers 网红 KOC (Key Opinion Customers/Consumers) 关键意见消费者 MCN（Multi-Channel Network）网红经济运作模式 [搭] increase in sth. 在…方面的增加 on the increase 不断增加
crescent
/ˈkresnt/ n.新月形，月牙形 【cre+escent 开始…的→开始增大→新
[例] a crescent-shaped dumpling 新月形饺子 Royal Crescent 皇家新月 [拓] British Museum 大英博物馆 The London Eye 伦敦眼 Elizabeth Tower(Big Ben) 伊丽莎白塔(大本钟）
上升：ascend ascent 下降：descend descent
decrescent
/dɪˈkresnt/ a.（月亮）渐亏的；渐小的 【de向下+crescent→向下的月亮→下弦月】
procreate
/ˈproʊkrieɪt/ v.繁殖，生育 【pro 向前+create 创造→不断创造→繁殖】
[例] The trend is now for professional women to marry and procreate at a later age. 现在的趋势是职业女性晚婚晚育。 [拓] out of shape 身材走形 be in a good shape = keep fit career barrier 事业受阻 not in a procreative mood 不想生孩子 low fertility rate 低生育率 children allowance 生育津贴 [同] generate produce
procreation
/ˌproʊkriˈeɪʃn/ n.繁殖，生育 【procreat[e]+ion】
concrete
/'kɑːnkri:t/ a.确实的，具体的；有形的 n.混凝土 【con共同+crete[=cre制造]→共同制造→混凝土】
[例] The vinyl revival demonstrates that concrete, physical items and experiences still draw people in. 黑胶（乙烯基）唱片的复兴潮表明，实在具体的对象和感受体验仍旧吸引着大众。 [拓] record stores 唱片店 cassette tapes 盒式磁带 [反] abstract a.抽象的
7、don,dit
= give, 表示“给予"
donate
/ˈdoʊneɪt/ v.捐赠；捐献 【don 给予+ate 表动词→给出去→捐赠】
[例] In response to the outbreak, people all over the country donated materials and joined rescue operations immediately. 疫情当下，全国各地人民捐赠物资，驰援武汉。 [拓] novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP) 新冠肺炎 pneumonia 肺炎 (face) mask 口罩 confirmed/suspected case 确诊/疑似病例 a city is on lockdown 封城
donation
/doʊˈneɪʃn/ n.捐款，捐赠物 【donat(e)+ion】
donor
/ˈdoʊnər/ n.捐赠者；捐赠机构 【don给予+or表人→给予的人→捐献者】
[搭] the most beautiful donor 最美捐赠者
pardon
/ˈpɑːrdn/ int.什么，请再说一遍(用于请求别人重复某事） n.特赦；宽恕 v.原谅；赦免 【par平等+don给予→原谅】
[例1]“Will you let me open it?”“我能打开它吗?” "Pardon?" “请再说一遍？” “Can l open it?”“我能打开它吗？" [例2] a royal/presidential pardon 皇家/总统特赦 [例3] pardon/excuse my French 抱歉，我说脏话了；原谅我口出秽言 [拓] take French leave 不辞而别 French windows 落地窗 French kiss 舌吻；深吻 one night stand 一夜情
condition
/kənˈdɪʃn/ n.条件；状况；环境 【con共同+dit给予+ion名词→共同给出的[条件]】
[搭 1] out of condition 健康不佳；不在状况 [搭2] in no condition 身体状况不适 [搭3] on no condition 决不；在任何情况下都不 on no account/ in no case
[例 1] You are in no condition (= too ill, etc.) to go anywhere. 你的身体状况太差，不宜去任何地方。 [例2] On no condition must you climb that high wall. 绝对不要爬那堵高墙。
tradition
/trəˈdɪʃn/ n.惯例；传统 【tra[=trans转移]+dit给予+ion名词→代代相传→传统】
[例] It is a Chinese tradition to eat dumplings on New Year's Eve. 除夕夜吃饺子是中国的传统。 [拓] spring roll 春卷 New Year cake/rice cake 年糕 sweet soup balls 汤圆
traditional
/trəˈdɪʃənl/ a.传统的；惯例的 【tradition+al】
[搭] traditional Chinese painting 国画；中国画
edit
/ˈedɪt/ v./n.编辑；校订 【e 出+dit 给予→给出[好文章]→编辑】
[例1] edit profile 修改/编辑资料 [例2] I had time to do a quick edit of my essay before handing it in.呈交论文前有些时间，我很快地校订了一遍。
editorial
/ˌedɪˈtɔːriəl/ a.编辑的；社论的 n.(报刊)社论；(美国电台)评论 【edit 编辑+or 人+ial 形容词词尾】
[例] editorials of People's Daily 《人民日报》社论
8、gen,gener,genit
= birth,produce, 表示“出生,产生"
generate
/ˈdʒenəreɪt/ v.产生；发电 【gener+ate→产生[电]等】
[例1] generate electricity/heat/power 发电；产生热/动力 [例2] generate income/profit 产生收益/利润 [例] Farmers generate energy from coffee wastewater. 农户利用咖啡加工废水进行能源生产。 [搭] generate sth.from sth. 由...生成，产生于 [拓] safe drinking water 安全饮用水 urban/rural drinking water 城市/农村饮用水 sewage treatment 污水处理
generation
/ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/ n.产生；一代 【generat(e)+ion】
[搭1] generation gap 代沟 bridge the generation gap 弥合鸿沟 [搭2] the Beat Generation 垮掉的一代 Jazz Age 爵士时代 [例] Our generation have grown up without the experience of a world war. 我们这一代未曾经历战火硝烟。 [拓1] 5G (fifth generation) 第五代移动通讯系统 [拓2] data plan 流量套餐 out of data 用完流量 out of credit 手机欠费 add minutes 手机充值 My phone is dying. 我的手机要没电了。
generator
/ˈdʒenəreɪtər/ n.发电机；发生器 【generat(e)+or→产生[电]的东西→发电机】
[搭] signal generator 信号发生器
regenerate
/rɪˈdʒenəreɪt/ v.使再生；革新 【re 再+generate】
[例1] regenerate inner-city areas 重建市区内部 [例2] regenerate the US economy 振兴美国经济
general
/ˈdʒenrəl/ a.一般的；普通的 n.总论；将军 【gener+al→出生[一般]→普通的】
[例1] the general belief/consensus 普遍的信念/共识 [搭] in general 通常；一般而言 In general, our products have lost their credibility of the consumers. 总的来说，我们的产品已经失去了消费者的信任。 [例2] a four-star general 四星上将
generalization
/dʒenrəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n.概括，泛论；普遍化 【general+ization】
degenerate
/dɪ‘dʒenərət/ v.使退化；堕落 a.堕落的；退化的 【de坏+gener+ate→往坏产生→恶化】
[例1] Hence they degenerate into pigs! 他们竟（因贪吃）变成猪了！ [例 2] a degenerate form of a higher civilization 较高等文明的衰退形式
degenerative
/dɪˈdʒenərətɪv/ a.退化的，恶化的 【degenerat(e)+ive】
gene
/dʒi:n/ n.基因，遗传因子
[例1] gene editing 基因编辑 Gene editing is the ability to manipulate—or control—DNA. 基因编辑是对DNA进行操纵或控制的能力。 [例2] be in the/one's genes 天性，基因使然 Risk-taking is in his genes. 冒险是他的天性。
genetic
/dʒəˈnetɪk/ a.基因的，遗传学的 【gen+etic→来自gene基因→基因的】
[例] Obesity is one of the most common genetic diseases. 肥胖症是最常见的遗传疾病之一。 [拓] on a diet/lose weight 节食/减肥 products of high calorie content 含有高卡路里的产品 work out 健身 I have been working out. 我一直在健身。 Let's hit the gym. 我们去健身房吧。
genesis
/'dʒenəsɪs/ n.起源，创始 【gen出生+esis名词后缀，原指《圣经》中的创世纪】
[例] We can not yet satisfactorily explain the genesis of the universe. 我们还不能圆满地解释宇宙的起源。
genius
/ˈdʒiːniəs/ n.天才 【geni+us 表名词→天生[就有才]→天才】
[搭] genius for (doing) sth. (特别的）才能，本领 [例] He had a genius for making people feel at home. 他有一种能够使人感觉轻松自在的本领。 [拓] highly intelligent 高智商的 IQ (Intelligence Quotient) 智商 *stupid tax 智商税
ingenious
/ɪnˈdʒiː niəs/ a.聪明的；有创造力的 【in 内+geni+ous→有产生能力的→有创造力的】
genuine
/ˈdʒenjuɪn/ a.真正的，纯正的 【genu+ine→产生→来源清楚→真正的】
[拓] genuine people 真诚的人 They don't try to make people to like them. fake people 虚伪的人 They try hard to make people to like them.
generous
/ˈdʒenərəs/ a.慷慨的；丰富的 【gener+ous→[不断]产生→丰富的，慷慨的】
[搭] be generous with/in sth.做某事很大方 [例] be generous with one's time（某人）不吝惜时间 be generous in giving help 乐于助人 [拓] handsome 慷慨的 mean 吝啬的，刻薄的 cheap 抠门的 penny pincher 守财奴，铁公鸡
generosity
/ˌdʒenəˈrɒsəti/ n.慷慨；宽宏大量 【gener+osity 多的状态→多产生→慷慨】
genre
/'ʒɑnrə/ n.(文学、电影或音乐的）体裁，类型
[例] Science fiction is a literature genre based on imagination. 科幻小说是基于想象力的文学体裁。 [拓] The Three-Body Problem《三体》 Hugo Award-winning author: Cixin Liu 雨果奖作者：刘慈欣 [搭] popular genres of music industry 常见的音乐类型 [拓] Pop Music 流行音乐 Rock 摇滚乐 Rhythm and Blues(R&B) 节奏布鲁斯 Hip-pop 嘻哈 Country Music 乡村音乐
congenial
/kən'dʒi:niəl/ a.志趣相投的；宜人的 【con共同+gen+ial→产生共同的[兴趣]→志趣相投的】
[例] The number of friends doesn't guarantee that you can harvest a congenial friendship. 朋友的数量并不能保证你能收获到志趣相投的友谊。 [拓] Friends《老友记》 the most binge-watched TV show 刷剧首选 binge n.(短时间的）狂热行动 [例] a congenial working environment 宜人的工作环境
congenital
/kən'dʒenɪtl/a.先天的，天生的 【con 共同+gen+ital→与生俱来的→天生的】
[搭] suffer from congenital heart disease 患有先天性心脏病 [拓] suffer from poor mental health 心理健康状况较差 suffer from lack of sleep 睡眠时间不足
indigenous
/in'dɪdʒənəs/a.本地的，当地的，土生土长的 【indi内部+gen+ous→内部产生→土产的】
[搭] indigenous/native species 本土物种 [拓] alien species 外来物种 endangered species 濒危物种 [例] The parade seeks to celebrate China's achievements in terms of indigenous production. 此次阅兵旨在庆贺中国在自主研制方面的成绩。
progeny
/'prɑːdʒəni/ n.子孙，后代 【pro 向前+geny→向前产生→生命向前→子孙】
[例] Founders can often be too attached to their progeny to make the right strategic decisions. 创始人有时对自己的公司用情太深，而无法做出正确的战略决策。 [拓] web giant 网络巨头 acquire Yahoo's core business 收购雅虎的核心业务 from dotcom hero to zero 从网站英雄到一无所有
9、nat
= born，表示“出生的"
natal
/'neɪtl/ a.诞生的 【nat 出生+al…的→诞生的】
[搭] post natal depression 产后抑郁症 PND [近] partal a.分娩的 * part with 与...分开；舍弃 [拓] fatal a.致命的
natality
/nəˈtælɪti/ n.出生率 【natal 出生的+ity】
[搭] infant natality and mortality 婴儿出生率和死亡率 [近] birth rate / fertility rate 出生率 * infertility treatment 不孕不育治疗 *China is aging rapidly, leading to a shortage of young workers and warnings of a pensions crisis, but its fertility rate has long been in decline. 中国正处于迅速老龄化中，导致年轻劳动者短缺、引发了养老金危机。 然而，长期以来中国的生育率却一直在下降。 [拓] the singles in old age 大龄未婚青年 left-over men and women 剩男剩女 matchmaking corner 相亲角
neonate
/ˈniːəʊneɪt/ n.婴儿；新生儿 【neo 新+nat 出生+e→新生儿】
[近] baby Infant
nature
/ˈneɪtʃə(r)/ n.天性；自然 【nat+ure 行为，结果→出生就有的行为→天性】
[搭 1] go/get/back to nature 返璞归真 [搭 2] let nature take its course [口]顺其自然 Just let nature take its course. 就顺其自然吧。 [搭 3] in the nature of things 理所当然地；自然地 [例] In the nature of things, young people often rebel against their parents. 年轻人常常会反抗他们的父母，这很自然。 * outlook on family 家庭观 [僻] nature: the basic qualities of a thing [搭] the changing nature of society 不断变化的社会性质
natural
/ˈnætʃrəl/ a.自然的；物质的；天生的；不做作的 【natur(e)+al】 n.有天赋的人；擅长做某事的人
[搭 1] natural disasters 自然灾害 [搭 2] natural selection 自然选择；物竞天择 * Darwinism 达尔文主义 [搭 3] natural food 天然食物 processed food 加工食品 [例] Nobody's a natural. Parenting is hard, and it takes hard work. 没人生来就会（照顾小孩），身为父母责任重大。
naturally
/ˈnætʃrəli/ adv.自然地；理所当然地；本能地 【natural+ly】
[例] Don't aim for success if you really want it. Just stick to what you love and believe in, and it will come naturally. 少一些功利主义的追求，多一些不为什么的坚持。
innate
/ɪˈneɪt/ a.生来的；天然的 【in 进入，使+nat 出生+e→出生就有的，天生的】
[搭] innate ability 天生能力；天赋才能 [例 1] the host' s innate immune response 宿主的先天免疫反应 * host n.寄主，宿主(technical 术语) [例 2] Elegance is innate. It has nothing to do with being well dressed. —Coco Chanel 优雅是与生俱来的，它和穿漂亮衣服没有关系。——可可·香奈尔 * have something to do with… 与···相关
innative
/ɪˈneɪtɪv/ a.天生的；与生俱来的 【innat(e)+ive】=innate
=innate
nation
/ˈneɪʃn/ n.国家；民族 【nat+ion→出生之处→国家】
[例] Education is the best way for a nation to invest in the future. 教育是一个民族对未来投资的最佳手段。 [拓] Massive Open Online Courses 大规模开放在线课程（MOOC）
national
/ˈnæʃnəl/ a.国家的；民族的 【nat+ion+al→国家的，民族的】
[搭] National University of Singapore 新加坡国立大学 National Health Commission (NHC) 国家卫生健康委员会 [拓] Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) 国际关注的突发公共卫生事件 first-level public health emergency response 重大突发公共卫生事件一级响应
nationality
/ˌnæʃəˈnæləti/ n.国民性；国籍 【national+ity】
native
/ˈneɪtɪv/ a.故乡的，本地的 【nat+ive】
[搭] native speaker 说母语的人 [例 1] Our native language is Chinese. 我们的母语是汉语。 [例 2] The lineup and performances were native to the Internet generation and anchored around trending cultural icons as well as nostalgic sentiments for Gen Z. （B 站跨年晚会）的阵容和表演是互联网时代的产物，围绕流行文化偶像和怀旧情怀去打造更贴合年轻人的晚会。 [拓] bullet chat 弹幕
10、duc,duct
= lead,bring, 表示“引导，带来"
educate
/ˈedʒukeɪt/ v.教育；养育 【e 出+duc 引导+ate→把学生的天资引导出来→教育】
[搭] educate sb. in/on sth. 在……方面教育某人 [例] People need to be educated on the prevention of coronavirus. 人们有必要接受预防冠状病毒的教育。 [拓] incubation/latent period 潜伏期 quarantine 隔离 To make fewer trips outside 减少外出 homebody 家里蹲(的人)、宅男宅女
education
/ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn/ n.教育；教育学 【educat(e)+ion】
[搭] online education 在线教育 students in full-time education 接受全日制教育的学生 a man of little education 没受过什么教育的人
educe
/ɪ'djus/ v.引出，引起 【e 出+duce→引导出来→引出，演绎，使显出】
[例] Out of love obedience is to be educed. 顺从可以因爱而生。
eduction
/ɪ'dʌkʃən/ n.引出；推断 【e+duct+ion】
abduct
/æbˈdʌkt/ v.诱拐 【ab 离开+duct→引开→诱拐】
[例] According to China's criminal law, whoever abducts and traffics a child shall be sentenced to at least five years in prison. 中国刑法规定，拐卖儿童处五年以上有期徒刑。 [拓] child trafficking 贩卖儿童 drug trafficking 贩毒 *Dearest 《亲爱的》
deduce
/dɪˈdus/ v.推论，演绎 【de 向下+duce 引→向下引导→推论】
[例] We can deduce a lot from what people choose to buy. 从人们选购的东西可以作出多方面的推断。
deduction
/dɪˈdʌkʃən/ n.推论；扣除，减除 【deduc(e)+tion】
[搭 1] deduction method 演绎法 [搭 2] tax deductions 税金扣除额
induce
/ɪnˈdjuːs/ v.劝诱，诱导 【in 进入+duc+e→引进去→诱导】
[例] Iam determined that only the deepest love will induce me into matrimony. —Pride and Prejudice 我决意只有最深的爱才能把我引向婚姻。 * matriarchy/patriarchy 母系/父系氏族
introduce
/ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs/ v.介绍，引入；推行；实施 【intro 进入+duc+e→引进，介绍】
[搭] introduce A to B/ introduce yourself to sb. 把……介绍（给）；（自我）介绍 [例 1] He introduced a Greek girl to me at the party. 他在聚会上介绍我认识了一位希腊姑娘。 [例 2] The company is introducing a new range of products this year. 公司今年将推出一系列新产品。
introduction
/ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/ n.介绍；引进；(书)入门 【introduc(e)+tion】
[搭] company introduction 公司介绍 company profile 公司简介；公司描述 about us （偏口语） [搭] talent introduction 人才引进 An Introduction to Astronomy 《天文学入门》
produce
/prəˈdjuːs/ v. 生产 /ˈprɒdjuːs/ n. 农产品，产品 【pro 向前+duce→引向前→生产】
[例] The region produces over 50% of the country's wheat. 这个地区出产全国 50%以上的小麦。 [近] manufacture * manual 手动的 [搭] farm produce 农产品 dairy produce 乳制品 (= dairy product) （偏工业） [拓] husbandry 农业 animal husbandry 畜牧业 agricultural irrigation 农业灌溉 rich soil 肥沃土壤 poor soil 贫瘠土壤
product
/ˈprɒdʌkt/ n. 产品，结果 【pro 向前+duct→向前产出的东西→产品】
[搭] to create/develop/launch a new product 创造／开发／推出新产品 [拓] by-product n. 副产品；副作用 * side effect
productive
/prəˈdʌktɪv/ a.生产的；多产的 【product+ive】
[近] fruitful 硕果累累的；多产的
producer
/prəˈdjuːsə(r)/ n.制作人，制片人；生产者 【produc(e)+er】
[搭] music/record producer 音乐制作人 movie producer 电影制作人
reduce
/rɪˈdjuːs/ v.降低，减少 【re 回+duc+e→往回引→减少】
[例] Reduce speed now. 减速行驶。 [搭] live in reduced circumstances（委婉说法，与 poor 同义）境况不济 [拓] reduce waste 减少浪费 reduce expenditure 减少开支 reduce pollution 减少污染
conduct
/kənˈdʌkt/ v.实施，指挥；传导 /ˈkɒndʌkt/ n.行为；指挥 【con 共同+duct→引导大家一起做→指挥】
[搭] conduct an experiment/an inquiry/a survey 进行实验╱询问╱调查 code of conduct 行为准则；规范
conductor
/kənˈdʌktər/ n.指挥家；乘务员；导体 【conduct+or】
[例] bus conductor 公共汽车售票员 good conductor 良导体 semiconductor 半导体 [拓] insulator 绝缘体 electric charge 电荷 static electricity 静电 eletric shock 电击
seduce
/sɪˈdjuːs/ v.引诱；诱惑；诱奸 【se 离开+duc+e→引开→勾引】
[例 1] Don't seduce me with pizza! I'm on diet! 别拿披萨诱惑我！我在减肥！ [例 2] Clever advertising would seduce more people into smoking. 巧妙策划的广告会引诱更多的人吸烟。
seduction
/sɪˈdʌkʃn/ n.引诱；诱惑力 【seduc(e)+tion】
traduce
/trəˈdjuːs/ v.诽谤，中伤 【tra 横+duc+e→向横引→不正→诽谤】
[例] It is not easy to traduce his character. 要中伤他的人格并非易事。 [近] wrong v.不公正地对待，委屈；诽谤 [拓] traducer n.诽谤者
viaduct
/ˈvaɪədʌkt/ n.高架桥；高架铁路 【via 路+duct→引导路的路→高架桥】
[例] The viaduct in Chongqing is very high. 山城重庆高架桥特别的高。
11、fer
= bring, carry, 表示“带来，拿来”
ferry
/ˈferi/ n.渡口，渡船 v. 摆渡 【fer 带来+ry 场地→从一边带到另一边→渡口】
[例 1] ferry terminal 渡轮码头 [例 2] ferry passengers across the English Channel 载客横渡英吉利海峡 [拓] subway/tube/underground 地铁 maglev train (magnetically levitated train) 磁悬浮列车 China Railway High-speed Train 和谐号(CRH) Super Express 超特急 [日]
confer
/kənˈfɜːr/ v.协商；授予 【con 共同+fer 带来→共同带来观点→协商】
[搭 1] confer with sb. (on/about sth.) 与某人商讨某事 [搭 2] confer sth. (on/upon sb.) 授予某人(奖项、学位、或荣誉） [例 1] confer with allies 和盟国进行磋商 [例 2] confer an honorary degree on him 授予他荣誉学位
conferment
/kənˈfɜːrmənt/ n.(学位、荣誉的）授予 【con+fer+ment→给予（奖品等）】
conference
/ˈkɑːnfərəns/ n.商讨；会议 【confer+ence】
[例 1] press conference 新闻发布会；记者招待会 [例 2] Hunter asked about the blood-test results a few days later on the weekly video conference call the companies were using as their primary mode of communication. 几天后，Hunter 在每周定期的电话视频会议——两家公司用这种方式作为他们主要的沟通方式——上问及血液检测结果。 —Bad Blood (《坏血》)
offer
/ˈɔːfər/ n.录用通知 v.提供；提议 【of 加强+fer 带来→提供；提出】
[搭] offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 给予某人某物 [例] Can playing video games offer you a better job? 玩电游能帮你找到更好的工作吗？
offering
/ˈɔːfərɪŋ/ n.提供；祭品 【offer+ing】
[例 1] offering period 报价日；发行期限 [例 2] primary offering 初次出售；首次发行 IPO: Initial Public Offerings 首次公开募股
differ
/ˈdɪfər/ v.不同 【dif 分开+fer 带来→分开带→不同】
[搭 1] differ from... 与……不同；区别于…… [搭 2] differ in... 在……方面存在不同 [例 1] People differ from one another in their ability to handle stress. 在应对压力方面人们的能力各不相同。 [例 2] Dialects differ most in pronunciation, but less in vocabulary and grammar. 方言在发音上差别最大，词汇和语法差别较小。
different
/ˈdɪfrənt/ a.不同的 【differ 不同+ ent 具有…性质的→不同的】
[搭] a different kettle of fish 另一码事；截然不同的人(习语) [例] Writing English is a very different kettle of fish from speaking it. 英语写作和说英语完全是两码事。
difference
/ˈdɪfrəns/ n.不同；争论 【differ 不同+ence 表名词→不同】
[搭] make a/no/some difference 有/没有/有些影响
differentiate
/ˌdɪfəˈrenʃieɪt/ v.使有差别；分化 【different 不同的+iate→使差异化】
[搭] differentiate between A and B 区分 A 和 B [例] A child may not differentiate between his imagination and the real world. 孩子也许无法区分想像与真实世界的差别。
indifferent
/ɪnˈdɪfrənt/ a.冷漠的，不关心的 【in 不+different 不同→同与不同无所谓→冷漠的】
[搭] indifferent to sb./sth. 对某人/某事漠不关心的 [例] People shouldn't become indifferent to the bullying of students. 人们不应该对学生的欺凌变得漠不关心。 *bullying 霸凌 *suicide 自杀 *sit on the fence 旁观 *fence sitter 墙头草 *Better Days 《少年的你》 We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking at the stars. —Oscar Wilde 我们生活在阴沟里，但有人依然仰望星空。 [拓] bully for someone [口语]妙极了，好极了(用来表示嘲笑、羡慕等) I heard you got promoted—bully for you! 我听说你升职了——太好了！
indifference
/ɪnˈdɪfrəns/ n.漠不关心；冷淡 【indifferent 的名词】
[例] The opposite of love is not hate, it's indifference. The opposite of art is not ugliness, it's indifference. The opposite of faith is not heresy, it's indifference. And the opposite of life is not death, it's indifference. —Elie Wiesel 爱的反面不是恨，是冷漠；艺术的反面不是丑，是冷漠；信仰的反面不是异教，是冷漠；生命的反面也不是死亡，是冷漠。
defer
/dɪˈfɜːr/ v.推迟；延期；顺从 【de 向下，离开+fer 带来→往后带→延期】
[例 1] deferred admission 延期入学 [近] delay: The crash on the motorway has caused all traffic to be severely delayed. 高速公路上的撞车事故使所有的交通严重延误。 postpone: The enemy postponed the war for another year. 敌人把战争又推迟了一年。 put off: I had to put off my trip to Japan. 我不得不推迟去日本的旅行。 [拓] procrastination 拖延症 procrastinate v.拖延，耽搁 (=put off) Don't put off till tomorrow what should be done today. 今日事今日毕。 [搭] defer to sb./sth. 听从某人/某事 *If you defer to someone, you accept their opinion or do what they want you to do, even when you do not agree with it yourself, because you respect them or their authority. [例 2] We will defer to whatever the committee decides. 我们遵从委员会作出的任何决定。
deferment
/dɪ'fɝmənt/ n.延期 【defer 延期+ment 表名词→延期】
deference
/ˈdefərəns/ n.顺从；尊重 【defer 听从，遵从+ence 表名词→顺从】
[搭] in deference to... 鉴于；听从 [例] The women wore veils in deference to the customs of the country. 妇女们戴面纱是为了遵从这个国家的风俗习惯。
prefer
/prɪˈfɜːr/ v.更喜欢 【pre 预先+fer 带来→更喜欢】
[搭] prefer A to B 喜欢 A 胜于 B [例] I much prefer rock music to jazz. 我喜欢摇滚乐远胜过爵士乐。
preference
/ˈprefrəns/ n.偏爱，优先权 【prefer 偏好+ence 名词后缀→偏爱】
[搭] give (a) preference to sb./sth. 给某人/某事以优待
transfer
/trænsˈfɜːr/ 【trans 交换+fer→交换带走→转移】 v.搬迁，转移；转让（财产、权力等） n.（财产的）转移；调动；转车票
[搭] transfer sb./sth. (from... to...) （使) 转移；搬迁 [例] The film studio is transferring to Hollywood. 这家电影制片厂正迁往好莱坞。 [例] The easiest way to pay your household bills is by direct debit or by electronic transfer. 支付家庭账单最简单的方法是直接扣款或电子转账。
transferable
/trænsˈfɜːrəbl/ 【transfer+able】 a.可转让的；[数] 可转移的
[搭] transferable skills 可迁移能力 critical thinking 批判性思维
infer
/ɪnˈfɜːr/ v.推理，推断 【in 进入+fer→带进[意义]→推断】
If you infer something from what a speaker or writer says, you come to the conclusion that this is what he or she means. [例] Much of the meaning must be inferred from the context. 大部分含义必须从上下文中推断出来。 [近] imply v.暗示，隐含 If a speaker or writer implies something, they suggest it without saying it directly. [例 ] He likes to imply that he's blue-blooded, but really most of his ancestors were farm laborers. 他喜欢暗示自己是贵族，但实际上他的祖先大多是农场工人。 *blue-blooded 贵族血统 born with a silver spoon in one's mouth 出身显贵
inference
/ˈɪnfərəns/ n.推理；推论 【infer+ence 名词后缀→推断的结果】
[例 1] by inference 根据推断 [例 2] We make sweeping judgments and inferences from body language. (from TED Talks) 我们通过身体语言来做大体的判断和推论。
inferential
/ˌɪnfəˈrɛnʃəl/ a.推理的；推论的 【infer 推理+ent+ial 形容词后缀→推理的】
refer
/rɪˈfɜːr/ v.提到；参考；涉及 【re 再次+fer→再次带来→提到】
[搭] refer to sb./sth. 提到；谈及 [例] If an economy is badly affected by war, we may refer to it as a war-torn economy. 如果一个经济体受到战争的严重影响，我们可以称它为饱受战争蹂躏的经济体。
referable
/ˈrefrəbl/ a.可归因于…的 【refer+able→能提到的→能找到原因的】
[搭] be referable to sth. 可与……有关的；可归因于……
referee
/ˌrefəˈriː/ n.裁判员 【refer+ee 表示人→被[双方]提出的人→裁判】
[近] judge
reference
/ˈrefrəns/ n.参考；引证；参考书目；介绍信 【refer+ence→参考；引证】
[例] vocabulary reference and practice 词汇参考与实践 [例] a reference letter 推荐信 [例] With reference to your letter of July 22... 关于你 7 月 22 日的来信…… [搭] in/with reference to （所述内容）关于
referendum
/ˌrefəˈrendəm/ n.公民投票选举 【refer+endum 表名词→提出（候选人）→选举】
[搭] hold a referendum on 就…举行公民投票 [例] Taiwan says no to gay marriage in referendum. (Shanghaiist) 台湾公投反对同性婚姻。 *gay lesbian homosexual
12、sum, sumpt
= take, 表示：“拿，取”
comsume
/kənˈsuːm/ v.消耗，消费；吃光；烧毁 【con 全部+sum+e→全部拿光→消耗】
*use up (resources or materials) *destroy completely *engage fully [近] exhaust exhaustible exhausted run through [搭] consume one's fortune 把财富挥霍殆尽 [例] We have no more right to consume happiness without producing it than to consume wealth without producing it. —George Bernard Shaw 正像我们无权只享受财富而不创造财富一样，我们也无权只享受幸福而不创造幸福。 [拓] World Environment Day (5th, June) 世界环境日(6 月 5 日) [拓] 世界环境日主题 Beat Plastic Pollution(2018) 塑战速决 Go wild for life(2016) 为生命呐喊 Seven Billion Dreams. One Planet. Consume with Care.(2015) 七十亿个梦，一个地球，关爱型消费 [拓] The Freshman 15 "The Freshman 15" describes freshman-year college students who gain about fifteen pounds because they consume way too much lousy dorm food all day long. [近] destroy ruin
consumer
/kənˈsuːmər/ n.消费者；用户，顾客 【consum(e)+er 人】
[拓] C2M: Customer-to-Manufacturer 用户直连制造（短路经济） [搭] consumer-zombie A person who buys everything without thinking about it, or because she/he simply needs to buy something to be happy. *intense and almost overwhelming
consuming
/kənˈsuːmɪŋ/ a.消费的；强烈的 【consume 的形容词】
[搭] a consuming passion for… 对…有浓厚兴趣 time-consuming a.耗时的 *labor-saving a.节省劳力的 trouble-shooting n.解决问题
consumed
/kənˈsuːmd/ a.充满的；对…着迷的 【consume 的形容词】
*be consumed with/by be engaged in be obsessed with
consumption
/kənˈsʌmpʃn/ n.消费，消耗；肺痨 【con+sumpt+ion，consume 的名词】
[搭] mass consumption 大众消费 conspicuous consumption 炫耀性消费；摆阔 (Conspicuous consumption is buying something to show off.) [例] Back on those extraordinary Bank of England data, households paid back £ 2.4 bn of creditcard debt-suggesting a huge fall in consumption that almost certainly augurs a recession. 根据英国央行的惊人数据，英国家庭偿还了 24 亿英镑的信用卡债务，这表明消费大幅下降，几乎预示着经济衰退。 [拓] consumption downgrading 消费降级 consumer price index (CPI) 居民消费价格指数
assumption
/əˈsʌmpʃn/ n.假设，承担 【as+sumpt+ion，assume 的名词】
[近] hypothesis （有一定事实依据的）假设，前提 presumption （依据不够，自已猜想的）假设 supposition [拓] Mr. Assumptions: A person who says he doesn't assume everything, yet does. Before you "assume" try this crazy method called "asking".
presumption
/prɪˈzʌmpʃn/ n.推测，假设；自以为是 【pre+sumpt+ion，presume 的名词】
[搭] presumption of innocence 无罪推定 [例] When pride and presumption walk before, shame and loss follow very closely. —Louis XI 骄傲和武断行走在前，耻辱和损失便紧随其后。——路易十一
presumptuous
/prɪˈzʌmptʃuəs/ a.自负的；专横的 【pre+sumpt+uous …的】
[例] Rose: You are rude and uncouth and presumptuous and I am leaving now. —Titanic 你非常无理而且自以为是，我要离开了。 [拓] judgemental 吹毛求疵的，自以为是的 flatter oneself 自以为是
sumptuous
/ˈsʌmptʃuəs/ a.华丽的，豪华的；奢侈的 【sumpt+uous→[把钱]拿出去→奢侈的】
[搭] a sumptuous feast 一场奢华的盛会
assume
/əˈsuːm/ v.(无证据的)假设，臆断；承担(责任) 【as 加强+sum+e→拿住→承担[责任]】
accept without verification or proof [近] presume : To suppose something with some probability or evidence assume : To suppose without reason or evidence [搭] assume the worst 往最坏处想 it is reasonable to assume (that) 认为...是合理的 [例] Given difficulties in the health and care sectors, it is reasonable to assume that adequate resources for schools, colleges and nurseries are some way off. (The Guardian view on reopening schools: safety must come first) 鉴于医疗和照管领域存在的困难，我们可以合理地假设目前距离向学校、学院和托儿所提供足够的资源还存在一定差距。（《卫报》关于复学的观点：安全第一） [拓] resume classes=reopen schools 复学 suspend classes 停课 shut down 停工 [近] seize （粗暴地一把抓住的感觉） take over 接管 [搭] assume full responsibility for sth. 全权负责某事
assumption
/əˈsʌmpʃn/ n.假设，承担 【as+sumpt+ion→假设，承担】
resume
/rɪˈzuːm/ v.重新开始，恢复 /ˈrezəmeɪ/ n.摘要；个人简历 【re 重新+sum 拿，取+e→重新拿起→恢复】
[搭] resume work and production 复工复产 resume trading 复牌 [拓] suspend trading 停牌 insider trading 内幕交易 [interview] -Tell me about yourself. -As you can see in my resume / as you can probably learn from the resume, I graduated from... I've worked in... for... *CV=curriculum vitae 简历
presume
/prɪˈzuːm/ v.假定；自以为是 【pre 预先+sum+e→预先拿往→假定】
[搭] presume on/upon 滥用 [例] You should never presume upon a person's good nature. 你绝不应该滥用人家的好心肠。
presumably
/prɪˈzuːməbli/ ad.很可能；大概 【presume(e)+ably 可…地→据推测；大概】
13、apt, ept
= fit, ability, 表示“适应，能力”
apt
/æpt/ a.恰当的；有…倾向的
Something apt is perfectly appropriate, clever and well-suited to the matter at hand. [搭] an apt description 恰当的描述 [例] Those who are apt to kiss up and kick down should be avoided. 我们要避开那些一边对上级溜须拍马，一边对下级打压苛责的人。 [近] 易于，有…倾向 be liable to （有责任） be likely to=be probable to be prone to [拓] 拍马屁，奉承： kiss sb.'s ass / suck up to sb. 马屁精： ass kisser / suck-up *flattery n.奉承
inapt
/ɪn'æpt/ a.不恰当的；不熟练的，笨拙的 【in 不+apt→不恰当的】
adapt
/əˈdæpt/ v.使适应，使适合；改编 【ad 加强+apt→使适应，适应（环境）】
[例] The reasonable man adapts himself to world. The unreasonable one persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. 理性的人改变自己去适应世界， 不理性的人固执地改变世界来适应自己。 [近] adjust 调整 accommodate 容纳；接纳；考虑 *accommodation n.住宿；接纳 [搭] be adapted from 由……改编而来
adaptation
/ˌædæpˈteɪʃn/ n.改编本 【adapt+ation】
[搭] film adaption 电影改编本
adaptable
/əˈdæptəbl/ a.有适应能力的，能适应的 【adapt+able】
[搭] a few highly adaptable species 少数适应性强的物种 [例] Survival of the fittest: It's not about being fit. It's about being adaptable to change. 适者生存：适应并不是最关键的，关键在于随机应变。 Lie to Me 《别对我撒谎》 [近] adjustable convertible flexible *a flexible schedule 灵活的时间安排 *inflexible adj.不灵活的
aptitude
/ˈæptɪtuːd/ n.天资，天赋 【apt+itude 状态→适宜，才能】
[例] Your attitude, not your aptitude, determines your altitude. 你的态度，而不是天生的条件，决定了你的高度。 [辨析] attitude/aptitude/altitude [例] But I'm beginning to think you might have an aptitude for the soldiering business. 但我开始觉得，你或许有当兵的天赋。 Billy Lynn's Long Halftime Walk 《比利·林恩的中场战事》 [例] SAT: the Scholastic Aptitude Test 学业能力倾向测验 [近] talent faculty *Arts Faculty 艺术系 *franchise 特许经营权 gift *God-gifted 有天分的 genius
inept
/ɪˈnept/ a.笨拙的，无能的 【in 无+ept→不适宜的，无能的】
A clumsy, incompetent person—or an ineffective action—is inept. [例] Restaurants are minefields for the socially inept. 饭店是不善交际者的雷区。 [拓] social phobia 社交恐惧症(社恐) aerophobia 高空恐惧症 cyberphobia 电脑恐惧症 demophobia 人群恐惧症 *cyber traffic 网络流量
adept
/əˈdept/ a.熟练的，擅长的 n.内行 【ad+ept→有能力的→内行，能手】
[例] He's always been real adept at (=He's always been a real adept at) tearing things down. So that he's the only one left standing. 破坏什么的他最拿手。他总想让自己成为最后的赢家。 [近] be skilled in be expert/proficient at *be proficient in [拓] veteran n.老手；富有经验的人 a veteran of Silicon Valley's technology scene 硅谷技术界的老手 amateur n.业余爱好者；外行
14、cur
= care, 表示“关心”
cure
/kjʊr/ v.治愈；解决 n.治疗；措施，对策
[例] Maybe sometimes, waiting is the best prescription to cure inanity. 也许有时候，等待是治愈空虚的最好良方。 *Someone to love Something to do Something to hope for [搭] to cure the divisions caused by Britain's vote to leave the EU 消除英国脱欧投票造成的分歧 [近] deal with [例] There is no real cure for heartbreak except, perhaps, time. 除了时间，没有真正能治愈心碎的方法。 [近] remedy/treatment/prescription measure/solution [拓] cure-all n.万灵药 *wonder drug [药] 特效药；灵丹妙药
curable
/ˈkjʊrəbl/ a.可治愈的；可矫正的 【cur(e)+able 可…的→可治愈的】
(of an illness or condition) that can be cured（指疾病或状况）可治愈的 *Heal the World 《拯救地球》 [搭] controllable, preventable, curable 可控的、可预防的、可治愈的 [反] incurable a.不能治愈的；无可救药的
curative
/ˈkjʊrətɪv/ a.有疗效的；治病的 【cur(e)+ative 有…性质的→治病的，有效的】
able to cure something, typically disease 能治愈某物（尤其是某种疾病）的 [搭] curative therapy 治疗方法
curious
/ˈkjʊriəs/ a.好奇的，求知欲强的；奇特的 【curi[=cur]+ous …的→关心的，好奇的】
[搭] be curious about sth. 对某事感到好奇 be curious to do sth. 想弄清楚某事，急于去做某事 -Karl: When did I know I was gay? How many men have I been with? You're not curious? -Simone: Not in the slightest. Why Women Kill《致命女人》
curiosity
/ˌkjʊriˈɑːsəti/ n.好奇心，求知欲 【curi[=cur]+osity 多的状态→关心多→好奇心】
[搭] out of curiosity 出于好奇心 intellectual curiosity 求知欲 *IP (Intellectual Property) 知识产权 [例] Curiosity killed the cat, but satisfaction brought it back. 好奇心害死猫，但知道真相的满足感又令它起死回生。
secure
/sɪˈkjʊr/ a.可靠的；安心的 v.获得，实现 【se 分开+cure→不关心，不担忧→安全的】
[例] Becoming self-employed meant giving up a secure salary, together with sick leave and long vacation time. 自己单干意味着放弃稳定的工资，还有病假和长假。 [近] safe certain stable [搭] secure(=sign) a contract/deal 订立合同，达成协议 [例] The Clippers secured an even bigger victory —signing top free agent Kawhi Leonard. 快船获得了更大的胜利——签下顶级自由球员伦纳德。
security
/sɪˈkjʊrəti/ n.保护措施；安全；证券 【secur[e]+ity→引申为安全措施】
[搭] security check 安检 health security 健康安全 hospital security 医院安保 [拓] violent attacks on medical workers 暴力伤医 illegal acts targeting medical staff and institutions 医闹 *social institution 社会制度 [拓] Securities and Exchange Commission 美国证监会(SEC) *stock exchange 股票交易所
accurate
/ˈækjərət/ a.正确无误的；精确的 【ac 一再+cur(e)+ate→一再关心，弄精准为止】
[搭] accurate information/data 准确的信息/数据 [近] precise exact [拓] international public health emergency 国际卫生紧急事件 person-to-person transmission 人传人 confirmed case 确诊病例 suspected case 疑似病例
accuracy
/ˈækjərəsi/ n.准确（性），精准（程度） 【accur(ate)+acy 名词后缀】
procure
/prəˈkjʊr/ v.取得；引起 【pro 前+cure→关心前面的东西→取得】
If you procure something, especially something that is difficult to get, you obtain it. [例] In prison movies, there's always a character who is able to procure all sorts of contraband from the inside——magazines, cigarettes, special soap. 在监狱电影中，总有一个角色能从里面弄到各种各样的违禁品——杂志、香烟、特殊肥皂。
procurement
/prəˈkjʊrmənt/ n.（尤指为政府）采购，购买 【procure+ment】
[例] defence procurement 国防采办
15、am, amor, amat
= love, 表示“爱，情爱”
amatory
/ˈæmətɔːri/ a.恋爱的；色情的 【amat+ory→爱的】
[搭] amatory exploits 风流韵事 [例] Age and obesity had made her inapt for love, but she took a keen interest in the amatory affairs of the young. 年龄和发胖已经使她自己不能再谈情说爱了，但是她对年轻人的风流韵事却极有兴趣。 —The Moon and Sixpence 《月亮和六便士》 *be apt to aptitude *Madagascar 《马达加斯加》 Sounds amatory. The penguins are going, so why can't I? 听起来蛮诱人的。企鹅们已经在行动了，我为什么不可以？
amiable
/ˈeɪmiəbl/ a.和蔼的，友善的 【ami+able 能…的→能〔被〕爱的→亲切的】
*An amiable person is good-natured and easy to get along with. [搭] amiable relation 融洽关系 amiable composition 友好调解，友好仲裁 [反] hypocritical: professing feelings or virtues one does not have hypocritical and malignant 口蜜腹剑 hypocritical show of cordiality 虚情假意
amicable
/ˈæmɪkəbl/ a.友好的，温和的 【am+ic+able→能爱〔你〕的→友好的】
[搭] amicable settlement 和解 amicable breakup 和平分手 *settle the issue [例] Robots are something that have an amicable relationship with human beings and can work together. 机器人与人类应该是和睦相处的关系，可以与人类携手共事。 [辨] amicable vs amiable *Amicable describes a relationship. It means a relationship is peaceful and friendly. *Amiable describes a person's personality. It means they are friendly and easy to get along with.
amity
/ˈæməti/ n.友好，和睦 【am+ity 状态→爱的状态→和睦】
• a friendly relationship between people or countries [搭 1] amity and good neighborliness 亲仁善邻、协和万邦 [搭 2] Treaty of Amity and Cooperation 《友好合作条约》
enmity
/ˈɛnmɪti/ n.敌意，仇恨 【en 进入+am+ity→合成 enmity，爱太多的成为恨】
[例] Flattery brings friends, but the truth begets enmity. 奉承惹人喜，直言招人仇。 [拓] Love well, whip well. —Benjamin Franklin 爱之深，责之切。 Whiplash 《爆裂鼓手》
16、pass = path = pat
= feeling, 表示“感情”
passion
/ˈpæʃn/ n.激情；热情 【pass 感情+ion 表名词→激情】
[例 1] Passions were running high (= people were emotional) at the annual meeting. 年会之夜群情沸腾。 [搭 1] fly into a passion(=a great rage) 勃然大怒/大发雷霆 *burst into anger/ hit the ceiling [搭 2] have a passion for (music) 钟爱；酷爱（音乐） *ardently love / be very fond of 热情碰撞
compassion
/kəmˈpæʃn/ n.同情；怜悯 【com 共同+passion 感情→共同感情→同情】
[搭] feel/show compassion 感到/表示同情 [搭] Palace of Compassion and Tranquility 慈宁宫 The Forbidden City has become extremely popular among Chinese youth due to its numerous product design collaborations with both domestic and international brands and influencers. 故宫通过与国内外品牌和网红 KOL 的众多产品设计合作，在中国年轻消费者中极受欢迎。 [拓] 网红=Web Celebrity（网络红人） KOL=Key Opinion Leader（关键意见领袖）
passive
/ˈpæsɪv/ a.消极的；被动的 n.被动语态 【pass 感情+ive…的→感情用事→被动的】
[近] driven/negative [反] active/positive [搭] passive/second-hand smoking 吸二手烟 [拓] cigarette smoke 香烟的烟雾 e-cigarette 电子烟 cigarette addiction test 烟民等级测试 *the form of a verb used when the subject is affected by the action of the verb
impassive
/ɪmˈpæsɪv/ a.冷漠的；无动于衷的 【im 无+pass 感情+ive…的→没有感情的→无动于衷的】
[近] unsympathetic/unresponsive
pathetic
/pəˈθetɪk/ a.可怜的，悲哀的；伤感的 【path[=pass]+etic 有…性质的→引起怜悯的】
[例] The most pathetic person in the world is someone who has sight, but has no vision. —Helen Keller 世界上最可悲的人，是那些有视力却没有眼界的人。 [近] poor pitiful
patience
/ˈpeɪʃns/ n.耐心；容忍 【pati[=pat] 走+ence 状态→继续走的→耐心】
[搭] lose patience with 对...失去耐心 [例] Drivers need more patience during rush hours. It's hard find a spot on the bus. Everything in the eyes seems grey. It's Sunday, it seems tomorrow is Monday, Sunday's poisoned. ...... * Monday syndrome 星期一综合症 [Idioms] blue Monday 沮丧的星期一 Black Friday 不幸的星期五（美国大采购）
impatient
/ɪmˈpeɪʃnt/ a.焦躁的；不耐烦的 【im 不+patient】
[搭] too impatient to wait 迫不及待 be impatient for 急切，渴望 be impatient with 对…不耐烦 [例] People who are generally impatient are more likely to engage in repetitive body-focused behaviors such as skin-picking, nail-biting or eyelash-pulling. 那些缺乏耐心的人更可能有重复性的身体强迫行为，比如抓皮肤、咬指甲或是拔睫毛。 #Do you bite your nails?# [拓] twist hair：绕弄头发 nail-biting：咬指甲癖 perfectionism：完美主义 obsession：强迫症 [例] 内容为王的时代，工作精细度，至少决定一个人事业高度的 80%！无论你是什么星座，做事时若不把处女座的投入度，视作你上升星座的魂，都是白扯！此刻，强迫症，是一个褒义词。 In the age of "Detail Counts First", fine work takes up 80% in the altitude of your career. Whatever your stars say, you are supposed to consider Virgo as your rising sign and make OCD(obsessive-compulsive disorder) a positive word in your work.
compatible
/kəmˈpætəbl/ a.兼容的；可共存的 【com 共同+pat 走+ible 可…的→可一起走的→ 相容的】
[搭] compatible software 兼容软件 compatible blood groups 相容血型 [口] It's a pity we're not compatible. 很遗憾，我们不合适。 * We are not compatible. 咱们八字不合！
compatibility
/kəmˌpætəˈbɪləti/ n.兼容性 【com 共同+pat 走+ibility 可…性→可一起走→和谐共处】
[例] A survey found that movie compatibility is an important factor in a relationship —with one in ten people revealing they'd ended things with a partner because they didn't like their favorite movies. 调查发现，电影品味是否相合是感情关系中的一个重要因素。10%的人透露，曾因另一半不喜欢自己最爱的电影而和对方分手。
17、pass
= go, pass through, 表示“走，通过”
passage
/ˈpæsɪdʒ/ n.一段（文章）；走廊；通过；行程 【pass +age 行为的结果→通过；通道】
[例] In some places the passages were so crowded that it was difficult to get through without stepping on someone. 有些地方的通道太拥挤了，不踩到人是很难通过的。 [近] corridor [搭] a rite of passage（标志人生重要阶段的）通过仪式，重大事件 ritualization 仪式感 * coming-of-age ceremony 成人礼 (childhood→adulthood) [搭] the Drake Passage 德雷克海峡 [例] Despite the passage of the bill supporting a permanent change from standard time to daylight saving time, the measure requires further action before implementation. 尽管支持将标准时间改为夏令时的法案获得通过，但该措施需要在实施前采取进一步行动。 [拓] daylight saving time (DST) 夏令时 standard time / winter time 冬令时（标准时间）
passageway
/ˈpæsɪdʒ,weɪ/ n.通道；走廊 【passage+way】
passport
/ˈpæspɔːrt/ n.护照，通行证；手段 【pass +port 港口→通过港口的凭证→护照】
[拓] Surname 姓 Given names 名字 Nationality 国籍 Date of issue 签发日期 Date of expiry 有效期 Bearer's signature 持照人签名 [例] Good clothing is a passport to happiness. —Yves Saint Laurent 好行头是通往幸福的钥匙。 (passport=key)
passable
/ˈpæsəbl/ a.尚可的；（钱币等）可流通的 【pass+able …的→可以通过的】
fairly good but not excellent “凑合” [近] satisfactory [例] Her English pronunciation is passable. 她的英语发音还说得过去。 passable→fluent→near-native * epidemic flu 流行感冒 swine flu 猪流感
impassable
/ɪmˈpæsəbl/ a.不能通行的 【im 不+passable→不能通过的】
impasse
/ˈɪmpæs/ n.僵局；死路 【im 不+pass+e→通不过→死路】
[搭] to break/end the impasse 打破/结束僵局 [近] deadlock * to reach a deadlock 陷入僵局 wedlock 已婚状态 [例] A budget impasse won't mean the government is shutting down. 预算陷入僵局并不意味着政府将关闭。
compass
/ˈkʌmpəs/ n.范围；指南针，罗盘 【com 共同+pass→共同走过的地方→(经过的)范围】
[例] Long before we had GPS devices, people used a magnetic instrument called a compass for navigation. 早在我们拥有全球定位系统(GPS)设备之前，人们就使用一种叫做指南针的磁性仪器来导航。 * GPS=Global Positioning System maglev 磁悬浮 [拓] The Four Great Inventions 四大发明 Papermaking 造纸术 Gunpowder 火药 Printing Technique 印刷术 Compass 指南针 [拓] “新”四大发明 Scan to pay 扫码支付 Shared bicycle 共享单车 Online shopping 网购 High speed railway 高铁 [搭] moral compass 道德准则 lose one' s moral compass 丧失道德准则 [例] He who loves practice without theory is like the sailor who boards ship without a rudder and compass and never knows where he may cast. —Leonardo da Vinci 只一味实践而罔顾理论之人，就像水手没有舵和罗盘，永远不知自己将会驶向何方。
encompass
/ɪnˈkʌmpəs/ v.包围 【en 进入+compass→进入范围→包围】
[例] Generation Alpha, whose oldest members were born in 2010 (the same year that the iPad and Instagram launched), will encompass nearly two billion people by the time the generation officially ends in 2025. 阿尔法一代中年龄最大的生于 2010 年(苹果 iPad 平板和 Instagram推出的年份)，等到 2025 年阿尔法时代结束时，这一代将有近 20 亿人口。 [拓] Generation Alpha= iGeneration 出生在 2010-2025 年之间的孩子
surpass
/sərˈpæs/ v.超越；胜过，优于 【sur 超+pass→超过，胜过】
[近] exceed、excel [例] Taylor Swift gave an outstanding performance, surpassing every other performer on the stage. 泰勒·斯威夫特的演出非常出色，使其他表演者黯然失色（超过了其他表演者）。 [拓] put sb./sth. in the shade 使……黯然失色
surpassing
/sə'pæsɪŋ/ a.卓越的；优秀的 【surpass+ing】
trespass
/ˈtrespæs/ v./n.非法侵入；犯罪 【tres[=trans] 横过+pass→横穿而过→侵入】
[近] invade、intrude、encroach（侵犯） [搭] trespass on sb's time/privacy 占用某人的时间/侵扰某人的隐私 [搭] burglary and criminal trespass 入室行窃和非法侵入
18、it
= go, 表示“行走”
exit
/ˈekzɪt/ n.出口，通道；离去，退场 v.离开，离去；退出（电脑程序） 【ex 出+it→走出，出口】
[例 1] emergency/fire exit 紧急出口/消防通道 [例 2] Brexit (British exit) 英国退出欧元区 Grexit (Greece exit) 希腊退出欧元区 [例 3] The IPO is no exit for the entrepreneur; it's the start of purgatory. IPO 不是创业者的终点，而是炼狱的开始。 *IPO=initial public offerings 首次公开募股 *purgatory /'pɜːgət(ə)rɪ/ n.炼狱
ambition
/æm'bɪʃ(ə)n/ n.雄心，志向，志向；追求，夙愿 【amb 大+it+ion→走大步→雄心】
[例] It' s as if women are forced to choose between ambition and family. 这就好像女性被迫在抱负和家庭之间做出选择。 [拓] bias 偏见 caregiver and homemaker 看护者和家务操持者 paid parental leave 带薪育儿假
ambitious
/æmˈbɪʃəs/ a.有雄心的，有野心的 【amb 大+it+ious→走大步的→雄心的】
[例] The Wandering Earth is one in a series of ambitious, big-budget films tackling a genre. 《流浪地球》是一系列雄心勃勃、耗资巨大的科幻电影中的一部。 *sci-fi(science fiction) film 科幻电影
initial
/iˈniʃəl/ a.开始的，最初的 【in 进入+it+ial→走进的→开始的】
[例] The sci-tech innovation board is the first submarket of China's capital market to adopt the registration-based initial public offerings (IPO) mechanism. 科创板是中国资本市场第一个采用以信息披露为核心的证券发行注册制的板块。
initiate
/ɪˈnɪʃieɪt/ v.开始，发起，创始 【in 进入+it+iate→走进→开始】
[例] China has decided to initiate a campaign to regulate tax payment in the film and TV industry. 我国决定开展规范影视行业税收秩序工作。 [拓] film and television company 影视公司 tax authority 税务机关
initiative
/ɪ'nɪʃɪətɪv/ n.倡议，新方案；主动性，积极性 【initiat[e] 开始+ive】
[搭] take initiative in doing sth. 采取主动做某事 [例] Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) 一带一路倡议
transit
/ˈtrænzɪt/ n.运输，运送；交通运输系统 【trans 交换+it→运输】
[例] the city's mass/public transit system 城市的公共交通运输系统
transitory
/ˈtrænsətri/ a.暂时的，片刻的 【trans 交换+it+ory 交换走→短暂的】
transition
/trænˈzɪʃn/ n.过渡，转变，变迁 【trans 交换+it+ion→交换走→过渡】
[例] Making the transition from youth to adulthood can be very painful. 从青少年过渡到成年有时是一个非常痛苦的过程。
19、ced, ceed, cess
= go, 表示“行走，前进”
ancestor
/ˈænsəstə/ n.祖先；祖宗 【an(=ante)+cest(=cess)+or→走在前面的人→祖先】
[例] returning to his or her ancestor's roots 回老家寻根 [例] The duke of Zhou is the good ancestor par excellence. 周公是一位出类拔萃的优秀祖先。 *par excellence 超凡卓越的
access
/ˈækses/ n.通道，入口 v.接近，使用；访问，存取（电脑文档） 【ac 加强+cess 行走，前进→一再向前走→接近】
[例 1] Nomophobia is the fear of being without a mobile phone or without access to a mobile phone. 无手机恐惧症是指害怕没有手机或无法使用手机。 [例 2] In effect, his scheme granted mere multimillionaires' access to the billionaires' entrance. 但实际上，他的计划只让百万富翁进入到亿万富翁的层级。 [辨析] access/entrance/admission [拓] Desperate Housewives 《绝望的主妇》 college admission scandal 大学招生丑闻 bribery and corruption 贿赂和腐败 [搭配 1] access card 门禁卡 [搭配 2] a worldwide system accessed by billions of people every day 一个每天有数十亿人进入的全球系统 *Microsoft 微软
concede
/kənˈsiːd / v.承认（某事属实）；让步 【con 加强 + ced 行走，前进 +e→一再向后走→让步】
[例] Women were only conceded full voting rights in the 1950s. 女性在 20 世纪 50 年代才被容许完全享有选举权。 [近] compromise n./v.妥协，让步 give and take 【职场术语】妥协折中，互相迁就
concession
/kənˈseʃən/ n.让步；妥协 【concede 的名词】
[搭配 1] grant/offer sb. concessions 向……作出让步、提出妥协 [搭配 2] make no concessions to sb./sth. 对......毫不让步 [例] The concession would not have happened but for the pressure that was brought to bear on the Canadian authorities. 要不是加拿大当局受到压力，这项让步是不会发生的。
excess
/ɪkˈses/ n.超过；超额 a.额外的；过量的；附加的 【ex 向外+cess 行走，前进→向外走→超过】
[例 1] Many were working overtime hours far in excess of the usual legal limit of 40 hours a week. 许多人加班时间远远超过通常规定的每周 40 小时的法律限制。 *996 : work from 9:00 am to 9:00 pm, 6 days a week [例 2] to reduce excess inventory 去库存
succeed
/səkˈsiːd/ v.成功；继承 【suc 在下，随后+ceed 行走→跟在后面走→继承】
[例] The only way he'll succeed is by the sweat of his brow. 自己辛勤付出是获得成功的唯一途径。 *by the sweat of one's brow 通过某人眉毛上的汗水 ( from the Bible ) "In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread."
success
/səkˈses/ n.成功；成就 【succeed 的名词】
[例] “I believe it was right to preserve, even when the odds against success seemed high. ” —Theresa May 我相信坚持下去是正确的，即便道阻且长。——特雷莎·梅 *the former Prime Minister of UK 前英国首相
successive
/sək'sesɪv/ a.连续的 【success 的形容词】
[例] In fact, for three successive days its single-day sales exceeded 200 million. 实际上，这部电影连续三天的单日售票额都高达 2 亿元。 *box office 票房 [拓] NE ZHA 《哪吒之魔童降世》 “My destiny is in my own hands.” “我命由我不由天。”
accede
/ək'siːd/ v. ①答应，同意；②继承 【ac+cede→和别人走在一起→答应】
[例 1] The government acceded to their demands. 政府答应了他们的要求。 [例 2] accede to the throne 继承王位 *Game of Thrones 《权力的游戏》
antecede
/ˌ æntɪ'siːd/ v.在…之前或前面，先于 【ante 前+cede→走在前面→先行】
[拓] antique a.原始的；早期的 n.古董 vintage n.古董；复古品 (~ street; ~ store) [搭] antecede sb. in doing sth. 先于某人做某事 antecede sth. with sth. 在某事前先做另一件事
antecedent
/ˌæntɪ‘siːd(ə)nt/ 【anteced[e]+ent→先行的】 a.先行的；以前的 n.祖先
intercede
/ˌɪntə'siːd/ v.（为某人）说情，（向某人）求情 【inter 在…中间＋cede→在二者中间走，调解→说情】
[例] Students signed a petition interceding with the authorities for a former postgraduate who received the death sentence in February for killing his roommate by poisoning. 学生们发出联名求情信，请求当局对因投毒杀害室友而在今年 2 月被判处死刑的一名研究生从轻判决。
precede
/prɪ'siːd/ v.在...之前；以...开始（或引导） 【pre 预先＋cede→预先走→优走】
[搭] precede sb. in doing sth. 先于某人做某事 precede sth. with sth. 在某事前先做另一件事 [例] She preceded her speech with a vote of thanks to the committee. 她讲话的开头是对委员会的鸣谢。
precedent
/'presɪd(ə)nt/ 【precede+ent→预先走的东西→先例】 n.先例，前例 a.先行的；以前的
[搭] set/create a precedent 开创先例 break with precedent 打破惯例 [拓] unprecedented a.史无前例的
procedure
/prə'siːdʒə/ n.程序；手续 【pro 在前＋ced+ure→在前面走完的程序】
[例] He diverged from established procedure. 他违背了既定程序。 [搭] court/legal procedure 法庭/司法程序
recede
/rɪ'siːd/ v.撤回；交还（领土） 【re 后＋cede→向后走→撤退】
[例] For men, thinning hair usually starts with either a receding hairline or thinning at the crown of the head. 对男性来说，头发变少通常始于发际线后退或头顶变稀疏. *hair loss 脱发 *bald 秃顶的
proceed
/prə'siː d/ v.继续进行；前进 【pro 向前＋ceed→向前走→前进】
[例] We must proceed with extreme caution. 我们行事必须极为谨慎。
process
/ˈprəʊses/ n.过程，进行 【pro 向前 + cess，proceed 的名词】
[例] Waste sorting is the process by which waste is separated into different elements. 垃圾分类是把垃圾分成不同元素的过程。 *China's first serious trash-sorting rule is driving Shanghai crazy. 中国首个严肃的垃圾分类条例让上海抓狂。 *What kind of rubbish are you? 你是什么垃圾？ [拓] recyclable waste 可回收垃圾 hazardous waste 有害垃圾 household waste 厨余垃圾（湿垃圾） residual waste 残余垃圾（干垃圾）
20、vad, vas
= go, 表示“走”
愿你出走半生，归来仍是少年。 May you return with a young heart after years of fighting.
evade
/ɪ'veɪd/ v.逃避；偷税 【e 出+vade→走出去→逃避】
[例] evade the real issues 逃避真正的问题
evasion
/ɪ'veɪʒn/ n.逃避；借口 【e+vas+ion】
[例] China is cracking down on tax evasion in the film industry by capping star salaries. 中国正在通过限制明星的工资来打击电影业的逃税行为。 *salary cap 工资帽
evasive
/ɪ'veɪsɪv/ a.逃避的 【e+vas+ive】
[例] take evasive action 采取回避行动
invade
/ɪn'veɪd/ v.侵略 【in 进+vad+走→走进去→侵略】
[例] Critics say the surveillance and investigative tools invade privacy and are prone to error. 批评人士表示，这种监视和调查工具侵犯了隐私，极易出错。
invasion
/ɪn'veɪʒn/ n.侵略 【invade 的名词】
[例] During the Invasion of Normandy in World War II, … 第二次世界大战中诺曼底入侵期间…… *Saving Private Ryan 拯救大兵瑞恩
pervade
/pər'veɪd/ v.蔓延；普及 【per 全部+vad+e 走→全部走遍→蔓延】
[例] A feeling of great sadness pervades the film. 电影里弥漫着一种极度悲伤的感觉。
pervasive
/pər'veɪsɪv/ a.普及的，渗透的 【pervade 的形容词】
[例] Facebook is such a powerful and pervasive global system that confronting it demands radical new thought. 脸书（Facebook）是一款强大的、无所不在的全球社交系统，以至于挑战面对它需要激进的新思想。
pervasion
/pər'veɪʒən/ n.蔓延，弥漫 【pervade 的名词】
[例] the pervasion of the virus 病毒的蔓延
21、gress
= go, walk, 表示“行走”
aggressive
/əˈɡresɪv/ a.好斗的，挑衅性的；有进取心的 【ag 再+gress+ive→走了还走→攻击，侵略】
[例 1] Some of this rapid growth is due to an aggressive marketing campaign. TikTok 快速发展的一个原因在于积极营销。 *TikTok 抖音
aggression
/əˈɡreʃn/ n.攻击性行为，敌对心理；侵犯，侵略 【aggressive 的名词】
[例] Violent video games may increase aggression in players. 暴力游戏可能会增加玩家的攻击性。 Winner, winner, chicken dinner! 大吉大利，今晚吃鸡！
digress
/daɪˈɡres/ v.离题，偏离主题 【di 偏离+gress→走偏离→离题】
[例] digress from the subject 跑题，离题
digression
/daɪˈɡreʃn/ n.离题，枝节话 【digress+ion】
[例] After several digressions, he finally got to the point. 说了几句题外话后，他终于言归正传。
progress
/ˈprəʊɡres/ n./v. 进步，进展；行进，前进 v. （时间上）推移，流逝 【pro 向前+gress→向前走→前进】
[例] make progress (=make one's way) 取得进步/进展
progressive
/prəˈɡresɪv/ a.进步的，先进的；稳步的，逐步 【progress+ive】
[例] Britain has fallen into progressive decline as a world power. 英国作为世界强国地位的逐步衰落。
retrogressive
/ˌretrəˈɡresɪv/ a.倒退的，退化的 【retro 向后+gress+ive→倒退的】
congress
/ˈkɒŋɡres/ n.国会，议会；代表大会 【con 共同+gress→走到一起→代表大会】
[例] Congress building 美国国会大厦 *House of Cards 纸牌屋 *struggle for power 上位
transgress
/trænzˈɡres/ v.违背，违反 【trans 横+gress→横着走→违背】
[例] transgress accepted social norms 违背约定俗成的社会准则
transgression
/trænzˈɡreʃn/ n.违法 【transgress+ion】
22、cap, capt, cept
= take, hold, seize, 表示“拿，抓，握住”
capacity
/kəˈpæsəti/ n.能力；容量；生产力 【cap 抓+acity 性质→握住的能力→才能】
[例 1] storage capacity 存储容量 [例 2] excess capacity 产能过剩；超额生产能力 *excessive(=extra) 过度的；额外的 [例 3] We now know that although the oceans are seemingly endless, their capacity to withstand human activities is limited. —— Message on World Oceans Day 我们现在知道，海洋貌似无穷无尽，但实际上承受人类活动的能力是有限的。 ——世界海洋日致辞 [拓] sustain life on Earth 维系地球上的生命 regulate the climate 调节气候 urgent action on a global scale 在全球范围内采取紧急行动
capacious
/kəˈpeɪʃəs/ a.宽敞的；容积大的 【cap 抓，拿+acious 多...的→容量大的】
[例] a man of capacious mind 心胸开阔之人
capture
/kəˈpeɪʃəs/ a.宽敞的；容积大的 【cap 抓，拿+acious 多...的→容量大的】
[例] capture the moment 抓住此刻 seize the day 活在当下 YOLO: You Only Live Once. 你只能活一次，应该活在当下，大胆去做。
captive
/ˈkæptɪv/ n.囚徒；俘虏 a.被困住的；被迷住的 【capt 抓+ive 表人→抓住〔的人〕→俘虏】
[例 1] survive as a captive 作为俘虏幸存下来 [例 2] The rising number of captive pandas showed that a healthy, dynamic and sustainable captive panda population has basically taken shape. 圈养大熊猫种群数量增加，健康、有活力、可持续发展的圈养种群已基本形成。 *wild pandas 野生大熊猫
captious
/'kæpʃəs/ a.吹毛求疵的 【cap 拿+tious 有…性质的→ 拿〔别人的缺点〕→ 吹毛求疵的】
[例] make captious remarks 数短论长 *Don't bring yourself down to his level. 勿与傻瓜论短长。
caption
/ˈkæpʃn/ n.标题；字幕 【cap+抓＋ion 抓住主要内容→标题】
[拓] COCO 《寻梦环游记》 “The real death is that no one in the world remembers you.” “真正的死亡是世界上再没有一个人记得你。” 《Remember Me》 Remember me though I have to say goodbye Remember me don't let it make you cry For even if I'm far away I hold you in my heart I sing a secret song to you each night we are apart Remember me...
accept
/əkˈsept/ n.能力；容量；生产力 【ac 加强+cept 拿→一再拿→接受】
[例] "A bitter pill to swallow" means it's a situation that's unpleasant and difficult to accept. “不得不接受的苦果”是指一种令人不快和难以接受的情况。 [拓 1] expressions of apology (表示歉意) Please accept my sincere apologies. [formal] 请接受我真诚的道歉。 I hope you can excuse me. [informal] 我希望你能原谅我。 [拓 2] 写作句型：“人们普遍认为……” It's generally believed/accepted/agreed/assumed that… It is generally accepted that people are motivated by success. 人们普遍认为成功能催人奋进。
acceptable
/əkˈseptəbl/ a.可接受的；过得去的 【accept+able】
[搭] an acceptable price 可以接受的价格 [拓] 口语话题：砍价 The price is too high to be acceptable. 价格太高了。 Can you make it lower? / Can I have a bargain? / Is there any discount? 能便宜点吗？
acceptability
/əkˌseptəˈbɪləti/ n.可接受性 【accept+ability→接受能力】
[例] the social acceptability of divorce 社会对离婚的接纳程度
precept
/ˈpriːsept/ n.（思想、行为的）准则，规范，箴言 【pre 预先+cept 握住→预先掌握的话→箴言】
[例] Example is better than precept. 言传不如身教。 *teach by example 以身作则 *bring-up 家教 *role model 行为榜样
incept
/ɪnˈsept/ v.摄取；接收；开始 【in 进入+cept→到里面去拿→摄取】
[例] Incept date: 2016.启动日期：2016 年。
inception
/ɪnˈsepʃn/ n.开始，开端 【incept+ion 表名词→开端】
[例] Inception 《盗梦空间》 inception of an idea 某种意念的开端
intercept
/ˌɪntərˈsept/ v.拦截，阻止 n.截获的情报；窃听 【inter 在…中间+cept 拿→在中间的过程中被拿走了→拦截】
[例 1] intercept the data stream 拦截数据流 [例 2] An electronic intercept team is on route to him. 一个电子监听小组正前往和他汇合。
23、ceive, cip
= take, hold, seize, 表示“拿，抓，握住”
conceive
/kənˈsiv/ vt.想象；构想 vi.怀孕 【con 强调+ceive 抓住（想法）→形成思想和概念】
=think up [搭] conceive (of) sth. as sth. 将......设想为...... [例 1] He conceived the universe as the solar system. (Scientific American) 他将宇宙设想为太阳系。 [例 2] Women should give up alcohol before they plan to conceive. 女人在计划怀孕前应该戒酒。 [课后练] 英译中 The present study was initially conceived in order to validate a new method of enquiry whereby genetic information could be utilized to predict disease. *其中 initially, genetic, information, predict 这些词都在之前的课程中作为重点词汇讲解过
conceivable
/kənˈsiːvəbl/ a.可想象的 【conceiv(e)构思+able 形容词后缀→想得到的，可想象的】
conceit
/kənˈsit/ n.自大；狂妄；幻想 【con 加强+ceit 拿→拿不下也要拿→自大，狂妄】
modesty/conceit [例] Modesty helps one to go forward; conceit makes one lag behind. 谦虚使人进步，骄傲使人落后。 [搭] full of conceit 骄傲自大；目空一切
conceited
/kənˈsiːtɪd/ a.自负的；骄傲自大的 【conceit+ed】
[例] Natasha is very conceited and self-important, but Rachel is such modest person. Natasha 非常自负和自大，但 Rachel 是一个很谦虚的人。 *self-important: has an exaggerated sense of her importance
deceive
/dɪˈsiv/ v.欺骗 【de 向下，离开+ceive 拿→拿着东西离开→行骗，欺骗】
[例] Telephone salespeople often take advantage of people who are easily deceived. 电话销售人员经常利用容易上当受骗的人。 [近] defraud 欺诈 fraud (n.) 欺诈 academic fraud 学术造假 [拓] deceive oneself as well as others 自欺欺人
receive
/rɪˈsiv/ v.接受；收到 【re 再+ceive 抓→往回抓→接受】
[搭] receive a message 接收消息 receive guests 接待客人 [例] Increasing number of adolescents receive depression diagnosis. 越来越多的青少年被诊断出抑郁症。 *negative emotions 负面情绪 mental health 心理健康 [拓] The worst part of having a mental illness is people expect you to behave as if you don't. 患精神病最糟糕的是……人们希望你装没病（表现得像正常人一样）。 —Joker《小丑》
receipt
/rɪˈsiːt/ n.收据 【re 再+ceipt→收据，收条】
[拓] item 商品 price 单价 total 总价 discount 折扣 change 找零
24、cap, cept
= take, hold, seize, 表示“拿，抓，握住”
except
/ɪkˈsept/ prep.除…之外 conj.除非；只是 【ex 出+cept 拿→拿出去→把…除外】
[搭] 除…之外: except / except for / except that… [例 1] I have finished except/except for the last question. 除了最后一道题，我全做完了。 [例 2] This restaurant has nothing to recommend except that it's cheap. 这家饭馆除了价钱便宜之外，一无可取。 [搭] 除…之外(还): besides / in addition to Besides / In addition to my weekly wage, I got a lot of tips. 除了每周的薪水外，我还得到了不少小费。
exception
/kənˈsiːvəbl/ n.例外 【except+ion 表名词】
[搭] with out exception 无一例外 make an exception 让…...成为例外；破例 take exception to sth. (强烈地)反对 [搭] The law makes no exceptions. 法律没有例外。
exceptional
/ɪkˈsepʃənl/ a.例外的；不寻常的；杰出的；卓越的 【exception+al】
[近] perfect/excellent/outstanding
exceptionally
/ɪkˈsepʃənəli/ ad.异常地；例外地 【exceptional+ly】
[例] genius: an exceptionally clever person 天才：非常聪明的人
concept
/ˈkɑːnsept/ n.观念，概念 【con 共同+cept 握住→共同把握住(的思想)→观念】
[搭] basic concepts 基本概念 [例] I woke up fascinated by the concept of coupons. 我对打折券念念不忘，连醒来都想着。 —— 2 Broke Girls《破产姐妹》 [拓] Sometimes when you think the sky is about to fall down, you might be standing tilted! 有时候你以为天要塌下来了，其实是自己站歪了！
conception
/kənˈsepʃn/ n.概念；构思 【concept+ion 表名词】
[搭] have no conception of 完全不懂；不明白 [例] I have no conception of what you mean. (=I don't know what you're talking about.) 我不明白你的意思。
25、cap, cip, cup
= take, hold, seize, 表示“拿，抓，握住”
occupy
/ˈɑːkjupaɪ/ v.占用(空间、面积、时间等)；使忙碌，使从事 【oc 完全+cup 抓+y→完全抓住→占有】
[例] Many problems occupied his mind. (=take up) 他脑子里装着许多问题。 [拓] occupied preoccupied be preoccupied with=be predominant in vacant [搭] occupy sb./sth./yourself (in doing sth. / with sb./sth.) 使忙于(做某事)；忙着(做某事) devote commit dedicate
occupant
/ˈɑːkjəpənt/ n.占有者，居住者
occupation
/ˌɑːkjuˈpeɪʃn/ n.占有；职业【occup(y)+ation 表名词】
[例] Sherlock deduced the man's occupation in 5 seconds and smirked. 夏洛克 5 秒钟就推理出这人的职业，并得意一笑。 *smirk 偷偷地笑 [搭] occupation norm 职业规范 (=professional code) career/vocation（天职）/occupation/work 职业
preoccupation
/priˌɑːkjuˈpeɪʃn/ n.全神贯注；长久思考的事情 【pre 预先+occupation 占有→首先占有(注意力)→全神贯注】
Preoccupation is a state of mind in which you think about something so much that you do not consider other things to be important. [例] I always take my preoccupation with the educational cause. 我总是专注于教育事业。 [搭] a big/major/chief preoccupation 当务之急
anticipate
/ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt/ v.预料；期盼；先于……做 【anti 在…...之前+cip 拿+ate→提前把握(事物发展结果)→预期】
[例] I am quite anticipating to get A in my oral English test. =I am quite looking forward to getting A in my oral English test. 我很期待我的口语成绩能有 A。 [搭] anticipate the enemy 先发制人
participate
/pɑːrˈtɪsɪpeɪt/ v.参与，参加 【parti 部分+cip 拿+ate→成为一部分→参加】
[搭] 表示“参加” participate/take part: participate/take part in a marathon 参与马拉松比赛 join in: This is an all-day event, join in whenever you like. 这是个全天活动，你随时可以参加。
participant
/pɑːrˈtɪsɪpənt/ n.参与者；参加者 【partcipat(e)+ant 表人→参加者】
26、habit
= hold, 表示“拿住”
exhibit
/ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/ v.展览；显示 n.展览；展品 【ex 出+hibit→拿来→展览】
[例 1] exhibit new designs at the trade fairs 在商品展销会上展示新设计 Scarborough Fair 斯卡布罗集市 Are you going to Scarborough Fair. Parsley, sage, rosemary and thyme. Remember me to one who lives there. She once was a true love of mine. [例 2] The turnover on Alibaba during Nov 11th exhibited signs of prosper. 在双十一期间，阿里巴巴的交易额呈现出一派繁荣的景象。 *turnover / trading volume / volume of business
exhibition
/ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn/ n.展览；展览会 【exhibit+ion】
[例] exhibition hall 展厅；展览馆 [搭] on exhibition 展出中
exhibitionist
/ˌeksɪˈbɪʃənɪst/ n.爱出风头的人 【exhibition+ist→展示自己的人】
[拓] seek publicity 出风头 steal the spotlight 抢风头 seek the limelight 爱出风头 cut a dash 引人注目 He cut a quite dash in this uniform. 他穿这件衣服非常引人注目。
inhibit
/ɪnˈhɪbɪt/ v.抑制；禁止 【in 不+hibit→不能拿→禁止】
[搭] inhibit sb. (from sth./from doing sth.) 阻碍某人做某事 [例] Shyness inhibited boys from expressing love to girls. 男孩们因害羞不敢向女孩表达爱意。
inhibition
/ˌɪnhɪˈbɪʃn/ n.拘谨；抑制；禁止 【inhibit+ion】
[例 1] lose one's inhibitions 放得开；无所束缚 [例 2] Inhibition in adulthood seems to be very clearly a reflection of a person's experiences as a child. 成年期的压抑似乎很明显地反映了其童年经历。
uninhibited
/ˌʌnɪnˈhɪbɪtɪd/ a.无拘束的；不被禁止的 【un 不+inhibit 禁止+ed】
inhibitive（抑制性的） preventive（预防性的） curative（治疗性的）
prohibit
/prəˈhɪbɪt/ v.阻止；禁止 【pro 前面+hibit→在前面拿住→不让前进→阻止】
[例] prohibit parking/no parking 禁止泊车 [搭] prohibit sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 [例] The doctor prohibits him from smoking./The doctor forbids him to smoke. 医生禁止他吸烟。 *the Forbidden City (in Beijing) 紫禁城/故宫 [拓] imperial palace 皇宫 moat 护城河 interior court 内院 Palace Museum 故宫博物院 Palace of Versailles 凡尔赛宫
prohibition
/ˌproʊɪˈbɪʃn/ n.禁止；禁令 【probibit+ion】
*Prohibition 美国禁酒令
prohibitive
/prəˈhɪbətɪv/ a.禁止的；价格高昂的 【prohibit 禁止+ive→价格到了禁止人买的地步】
27、us, ut
= use, 表示“用”
use
/juːz/ v.使用，运用 n.使用；用途；发挥
[搭 1] use sth. (for sth./for doing sth.) 用某物（做某事） [例 1] To achieve this end, he would use the last remnant of his strength and could die content. —The Romance of Three Kindoms 鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已。 ——《三国演义》 [搭 2] use up=run out of sth. 耗尽；耗掉 *extreme frugality 极度节俭 use up all leftovers 把剩菜剩饭吃完 buy secondhand things instead of new 能买二手就不要买新的 [搭 3] make use of 使用；利用（以谋私利等） put sth. to good use 好好利用某物 have no use for sb. 讨厌（或憎恶）......的人 [idiom] use sb. for one's own ends 利用某人以达到自己的目的 use your head! 你动动脑子！ I, you, etc. could use sth. 恨不得；巴不得；非常想 *I think we could all use a drink after that! 我想我们在事情办完之后都得痛快地喝一杯！ [拓] If you would go up high, then use your own legs! Do not let yourselves carried aloft; do not seat yourselves on other people's backs and heads. 如果你想走到高处，就要使用自己的两条腿！ 不要让别人把你抬到高处； 不要坐在别人的背上和头上。 [四级写作] the use of translation Apps
usage
/ˈjuːsɪdʒ/ n.用法；惯例 【us+age 状态→用的状态→用法】
[搭] a word in common usage 一个常用词 the usage of sth. 某物的用法 [例] “Beyond” also has some quite interesting idiomatic usages. beyond 还有一些非常有趣的成语用法。 *the back of beyond 穷乡僻壤 beyond a doubt=no doubt 毫无疑问 [近] utilization：waste utilization 废物利用 convention：international convention 国际惯例
usual
/ˈjuːʒuəl/ a.通常的，常用的 【us 使用+u+al 形容词后缀，表示“…的”】
[搭] as usual 像往常一样；照例 out of the usual 与众不同 [近] common: existing in large numbers or in many places a common name 一个常见的名字 ordinary: ordinary people like you and me 像你我这等普通人 universal: an universal truth 普遍真理 [拓] The Usual Suspects《非常嫌疑犯》
unusual
/ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/ a.异常的；不寻常的 【un 不+usual 通常的】
[搭] unusual weather 异常天气 an unusual expression 不寻常的表达 *eat your heart out 你很羡慕吧；嫉妒吧 [例] Great talent is more unusual than great success. 伟大的才能比伟大的成功更不寻常。
disuse
/dɪsˈjuːs/ v.废弃不用 【dis 不+use→不用了】
[搭] fall into disuse=fall out of use 淘汰；废弃不用 *brick 停止工作的手机等电子设备 My phone turned into a brick. 我的手机变成了一块砖头（不能用了）。 [例] Dumbphones have fallen into disuse with the advent of smartphones. 随着智能手机的出现，傻瓜手机（非智能手机）已经被淘汰了。
misuse
/ˌmɪsˈjus/ n.误用；滥用 v.错用；虐待 【mis 坏+use→用坏→错用】
[搭 1] antibiotic abuse/overuse/misuse 滥用抗生素 alcohol/drug misuse 酗酒；滥用药物 *hit the bottle 酗酒 bibulosity 酗酒；酒癖 [搭 2] misuse of power/authority 滥用职权 *identity theft 身份盗用 imposter 冒名顶替者 imposture 冒牌 [搭 3] individuals who misuse power for their own ends 以权谋私的人 [近] abuse: physical abuse 虐待 scream/shout abuse 高声谩骂 prostitute: prostitute one's talent 浪费才能
abuse
/əˈbjuːs/ v. 滥用，谩骂 n.滥用；虐待 【ab 坏+use→不好用→滥用】
[搭 1] abuse alcohol/drugs 酗酒；嗜毒 [搭 2] sexual abuse 性虐待 verbal abuse 语言暴力 domestic abuse 家庭暴力 *sexual assault 性侵 school bullying 校园欺凌 [例] Liberty may be endangered by the abuse of power, but also by the abuse of liberty. Resolution matters a great deal to the resistance to domestic ignorance as well as violence, though international opinion could interfere. 自由可能会受到权力滥用的威胁，但滥用自由本身也是一种威胁。很多时候当断则断，介入会被国际舆论利用，但服软更会助长内部的无知和暴力。 *public opinion 公众舆论
abusive
/əˈbjuːsɪv/ a.谩骂的；滥用的；虐待的 【ab 相反+us 用+ive…的，abuse 的形容词→滥用的】
[搭] abusive language/remarks 秽言恶语；恶言谩骂 abusive power and control 虐待性操纵与控制 *emotional blackmail 情感勒索 silent treatment 冷暴力处理 PUA: Pick up Artist
disabuse
/ˌdɪsəˈbjuːz/ v.纠正…错误；使省悟 【dis 去掉+abuse 滥用→去掉滥用→纠正错误】
[搭] disabuse sb. of sth. 去掉（某人）的错误想法；使省悟 to tell sb. that what they think is true is, in fact, not true [例] Maybe we need to disabuse ourselves of the idea that Jan 1 is the best time to make resolutions. 或许，我们应该纠正自己觉得元旦是新年立志最佳时机的想法。 *New Year's resolution 新年决心 post-holiday slump 节后消沉
utilize
/ˈjuːtəlaɪz/ v.利用 【ut+ilize】
[例] Shanghai Disney Resort said it is seeking ways to utilize new equipment like X-ray machines to support security screening in the future. 上海迪士尼表示，未来会采用如 X 光机在内的安检设备，辅助安检流程。 [拓] no-outside-food policy 禁止外带食物政策 admission tickets 入场券/门票 security screening/security check 安检 prohibited items 禁带物品
utility
/juːˈtɪləti/ n.公用事业；实用 【ut+ility】
[搭] economic utility 经济效用 sport utility vehicle (SUV) 运动型多用途车 utility-driven consumers 实用至上的消费者 [例] Fashion is not about utility. An accessory is merely a piece of iconography used to express individual identity. 时尚与实用无关。一件配饰只是一个符号，用来彰显你的个性。
utilitarian
/ˌjuːtɪlɪˈteriən/ a.功利主义的；实用主义的 【utility+arian ……的→有用为主→功利主义的】
[搭] utilitarian function 实用功能 utilitarian theory 功利说 [例] Light utilitarian, light forward. Regardless of pay, perseverance. I won't stop until I get what I want. 淡薄功利，轻装前进；不计付出，坚韧不拔；不达目的，誓不罢休。 *Less interests, more interest. 少一些功利主义的追求, 多一些不为什么的坚持。
utensil
/juːˈtensl/ n.用具，器皿 【ut 用+ensil 表物品→用具】
[搭] cooking/kitchen utensil 炊具；厨房用具 health utensil 保健器材 [拓] colander 滤锅，漏勺 pastry brush 糕点刷；糕饼刷 rolling pin 擀面杖 *play house 过家家 [例] One of the positions of "cuddling" resembles the utensil they use to eat pudding, "spoons," so they call it "spooning." 有一种“依偎”的姿势和人们用来吃布丁的餐具很像，就是勺子（spoon），所以他们管这个姿势叫“ spooning”。
usurp
/juːˈzɜːrp/ v.篡夺；侵占 【us+urp[=rape 抢掠]→抢过来用→篡夺】
[搭] usurp the throne 篡位 usurp power 篡权 [近] seize: seize the moment 活在当下 embezzle: embezzle public property 贪赃枉法
28、vis, vid
= see, 表示“看”
visible
/ˈvɪzəbl/ a.明显的，可见的 【vis+ible 可…的→可见的】
[例] The mark is not visible under sunlight, making it very discreet in public. 这种印记在阳光下是看不见的，使之在公共场合非常隐蔽。 [拓] sexual harassment 性骚扰 come on to sb. 吃某人豆腐 take advantage of 占…的便宜 hit on a girl 撩妹 groper 色狼 groping 咸猪手
vision
/ˈvɪʒən/ n.视力，眼界 【vis+ion 表名词→视力，眼界】
[例 1] serious loss of vision 严重的视力衰退 [例 2] broaden one's vision and knowledge 拓宽视野和知识 [拓] Dolby Vision 杜比视界 Dolby Cinema 杜比影院
envision
/ɪnˈvɪʒn/ v.想象，预想【en 使动+vision】
visionary
/'vɪʒənəri/ a.幻想的，有远见的 【vision+ary】
[例] FedEx's visionary founder is an old-style disrupter in danger of being disrupted. 联邦快递富有远见的创始人是一位老派的破坏者，有被颠覆的危险。 *FedEx: Federal Express 联邦快递
visual
/'vɪʒuəl/ a.视力的 【vis+ual 有…性质的→视力的】
[例] a strong visual appeal 强烈的视觉感染力
visualize
/'vɪʒuəlaɪz/ v.想象；显现，使具体化 【visual 视力+ize→使看到→具体化】
[搭] visualize sth. as sth. 将…可视化 [例] He could not visualize her as old. 他无法想像她年老的样子。
revise
/rɪ'vaɪz/ v.修正，修订；调整；（为考试）复习 【re 再+vis+e→再看一遍→修正】
[例 1] revise the manuscript 修改手稿 [例 2] prepare and revise for tests early 早早地为迎考做复习准备 [拓] postgraduate entrance exam 考研 CET4&CET6 大学英语四六级考试 (College English Test) TOEFL 托福考试 (the Test of English as a Foreign Language) IELTS 雅思考试 (International English Language Testing System)
revision
/rɪ'vɪʒən/ n.修正；复习【revis(e)+ion】
[例] revision: a process of improvement 复习：一个不断提升的过程 *The Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve 艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线
evident
/'evɪdənt/ a.明显的 【e 出+vid+ent→看出来了→明显的】
[搭 1] self-evident 不言而喻的 [例 1] We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal , that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness. —The Declaration of Independence 我们认为这些真理是不言而喻的：人人生而平等，造物者赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权利，其中包括生命权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。 ——《美国独立宣言》 [拓] Independence day/Fourth of July 独立日 National Celebration 国庆 State Council 国务院 Military Parade 阅兵 [搭 2] It is evident (to sb) that... 显然；很明显 [例 2] It is evident that there are both losers and winners in a competitive society. 在充满竞争的社会里，有输家也有赢家，这是显而易见的。
evidence
/'evɪdəns/ n.证据，证人 【e+vid+ence→明显的证据】
[拓] Edit My Ex 编辑前任 (to erase any evidence of an ex from photos) [搭] in evidence 显而易见 [近] proof＆evidence scientific proof 科学证明 There is evidence that high school cheating may be on the rise. 有迹象表明，中学生作弊可能正在上升。
provide
/prə'vaɪd/ v.预备，供给 【pro 提前+vid+e→提前看好→预备】
[搭] provide sb. with sth. 提供某人某物 provide sth. for sb. 提供某事给某人 provide for 为… 提供，准备以防… [例 1] provide the public with a service provide a service for the public 为公众提供服务 [例 2] provide for the shortage of energy in the future 为将来的能源短缺做好准备 [拓] energy shortage 能源短缺 energy crisis 能源危机 solar energy 太阳能 renewable energy 可再生能源
provision
/prə'vɪʒn/ n.粮食，供给；条款 【预备或提供的东西→供给品】
[例 1] housing provision 住房供应 [例 2] increase the provision of free childcare 完善免费幼托服务 *health care carefree tax-free smoking-free [搭] make provision for 为…做准备、作安排 [例 3] A man in fair weather should make provision for rainy days. 一个人处于顺境时应该未雨绸缪。
provident
/'prɒvɪdənt/ a.节俭的；深谋远虑的 【pro 向前+vid+ent→向前看的→有远见的】
[搭] housing provident fund 住房公积金 [拓] 五”险” old-age pension 养老保险 medical insurance 医疗保险 unemployment insurance 失业保险 maternity insurance 生育保险 paternity workers' compensation 工伤保险
improvident
/ɪm'prɒvɪdənt/ a.浪费的 【im 不+provident→没有远见的→有钱就花的→浪费的】
providence
/'prɒvɪdəns/ n.天意，深谋远虑 【provident 的名词】
[例] There's a special providence in the fall of a sparrow. —Hamlet 一只麻雀的生死皆是命中注定的。 ——《哈姆雷特》
advise
/ədˈvaɪz/ v.建议；劝告，警告；通知，正式告知 【ad 做+vis+e→使[别人]看到→劝告】
[搭 1] advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise sb. against doing sth. 建议某人别做某事 It is strongly advised that … 强烈建议/务必…… [例 1] I advise you to see a doctor before it gets worse. 我建议你在病情恶化前去看医生。 [口语] 表示“建议”的句型 Why not …? Why don't you ...? How about …? You'd better ... Why don't you join us? 你为什么不加入我们呢？ [搭 2] advise sb. of/on/about sth. 通知某人某事 [例 2] Lawyers are accused of failing in their duties to advise clients of their rights. 律师们被控未尽到告知当事人其正当权利的职责。
advice
/ədˈvaɪs/ n.建议；劝告；通知（不可数） 【advise 的名词】
[例] a piece of advice 一个建议 [搭] take/follow one's advice 听从某人的劝告 [拓] advice＆suggestion advice: Could you give me some advice about choosing a major? 你能不能给我一点关于选择专业的建议？ suggestion: You can make any suggestions. 你可以提出任何建议
supervise
/'supəvaɪz/ v.监督，指导 【super 在上面+vis+e→在上面看→监督】
[例] China is planning to establish legislation to supervise electronic cigarettes. 我国计划立法对电子烟进行监管。 [近] administer govern rule
supervision
/ˌsuːpəˈvɪʒn/ n.监督，管理 【supervis(e)+ion】
[搭 1] under sb's supervision 由某人负责 [搭 2] financial supervision 金融监管 banking supervision 银行监管
visage
/'vɪzɪdʒ/ n.容貌；外表 【vis 看+age 表名词→能看到的东西→容貌】
envisage
/ɪn'vɪzɪdʒ/ v.设想，想象 【en 使…+visage】
[搭] envisage doing sth. 想象做某事 [例] envisage being a millionaire 想象一下成为百万富翁 *daydream/castles in the air 幻想；白日梦 [近] imagine ~ doing sth. 想象做某事 suppose ~ that 假设 be supposed to do sth. = should do sth. 应该做某事
29、spect, spic
= look, see, 表示“看”
aspect
/ˈæspekt/ n.方面；样子；容貌 【a 加强意义+spect→看的东西→外表，容貌】
[例] He was active in many aspects of campus life. 他活跃在校园生活的各个方面。
perspective
/pəˈspektɪv/ n.看法；眼界；透视 【per 全部+spect+ive→全部看到→透视，看法】
[例] From this perspective, women's beauty practices might be seen primarily as a form of creative self-expression. 从这个角度来看，女性装扮自己可能主要被视为一种创造性的自我表达方式。
circumspect
/ˈsɜːkəmspekt / a.小心谨慎的；慎重的 【circum 周围+spect→看周围→小心的】
[例 1] By avoiding a full-blown smile, he is able to appear circumspect, while keeping his options open. 避免笑容满面（的行为）让他显得谨慎，却又给自己留有余地。 *zipped smile 抿嘴微笑
circumspection
/ˌsɜːkəmˈspekʃən/ n.慎重；细心 【circum 环绕，周围+ spect 看+ ion 表状态→慎重；细心】
[拓]“小心驶得万年船”怎么说？ Better safe than sorry! It's better to be safe than sorry.
expect
/ɪkˈspekt/ v.期待，盼望 【ex 出+spect→看出去→期待】
[例] You can expect your delivery in 2 to 3 days. 你可以在 2 到 3 天收到货物。 [拓] high hopes 厚望 Most of parents have high hopes for their children. 大部分的父母对他们的孩子有很高的厚望。
expectation
/ˌekspekˈteɪʃən/ n.期待，希望 【expect+ation】
[搭] live up to one's expectation 不辜负，达到了某人的期待 stick to / adhere to fall short of one's expectation 达不到某人的期待
inspect
/ɪnˈspekt/ v.检查，视察 【in 内+spect→看进去→视察】
[例] School administrators are inspecting hundreds of area buses after a spike in school bus crashes and injuries last year. 学校管理人员正在检查数百辆地区公共汽车，因为去年校车撞车事故和受伤人数激增。 *spike 激增
inspection
/ɪnˈspekʃən/ n.视察，检查 【inspect+ion】
[例] inspection on ecological and environmental protection 生态环保督察 *Green mountains and clear waters are indeed mountains of gold and silver, and that environmental improvement mean great productivity. 绿水青山就是金山银山，改善生态环境就是发展生产力。
prospect
/ˈprɒspekt/ n.展望，前景 【pro 向前+spect→向前看→展望】
[例] The prospect of a mano-a-mano debate came in a time when the national outcry on the trade war demanded a tough response. 当前，舆论对贸易战一片哗然，需要一个强硬回应，此次一对一辩论可谓恰逢其时。 *a mano-a-mano debate 一对一辩论
prospective
/prəˈspektɪv/ a.未来的，预期的 【prospect 前景+ive→未来的】
[例 1] prospective candidates 可能成功的候选人 [例 2] prospective buyers 潜在客户
prospectous
/prəˈspektəs/ n.计划书；大纲 【pro+spect+us→向前看的东西→大纲】
30、mir
wonder, look, 表示“惊奇，看”
mirror
/ˈmɪrər/ n.镜子 v.反射；反映 【mirr+or→能看见自己的东西→镜子】
[例 1] The stage is supposed to be the mirror of life. 舞台是生活的一面镜子。 [例 2] She saw herself mirrored in the window. 她看到自己在窗玻璃上照出的影像。 Breakfast at Tiffany's 《蒂凡尼的早餐》 [拓] rear-view mirror (车内的)后视镜 wing mirror (车外侧面的)后视镜 *left/right wing party 左/右翼政党 side-view mirror 侧视镜 distorting mirror 哈哈镜
miracle
/ˈmɪrəkl/ n.奇迹 【mir＋acle 东西→让人惊奇的东西】
[搭 1] a miracle drug 灵丹妙药 [搭 2] It's a miracle (that)... ......是一个奇迹 [例] It is a miracle that construction of Huoshenshan and Leishenshan, two makeshift hospitals specializing in novel coronavirus treatment, has been completed within just 10 days. 专门用于治疗新型肺炎的两座临时医院（雷神山、火神山）仅在十天内建成完工，这简直是个奇迹。 two aerial photos of the newly built hospitals [拓] cabin hospital 方舱医院 patients with mild symptoms 轻症病人 sports stadium 体育馆 renovate... into... 把......改造成...... *turn/shift/transform/convert A into B
miraculous
/mɪˈrækjələs/ a.奇迹般的 【miracl(e)+ulous】
mirage
/məˈrɑːʒ/ n.奇景，海市蜃楼；幻想 【mir+age 状态→惊奇状态→奇景】
[例] His idea of love was a mirage. 他的爱情观不现实。 [同] illusion
mirth
/mɜːrθ/ n.欢乐，高兴 【mir＋th 表状态→惊喜的状态→欢乐】
[例] The performance produced much mirth among the audience. 这场演出使观众笑声不断。
admire
/ədˈmaɪər/ v.羡慕；赞美 【ad 一再＋mir＋e→一再让人惊喜→羡慕】
[搭] extremely admire 五体投地 be widely admired for… 因……远近称誉 [例 1] The school is widely admired for its excellent teaching. 这所学校教学优秀，远近称誉。 [例 2] When I admire the wonders of a sunset or the beauty of the moon, my soul expands in the worship of the creator. —Mahatma Gandhi 当我在欣赏日落奇观或月光之美时，我的灵魂在对创造者的崇敬中舒展。（圣雄甘地）
admiration
/ˌædməˈreɪʃn/ n.钦佩，赞赏 【admir(e)+ation】
31、quest, quir, quis, quer
= seek, search, 表示“寻求，询问”
inquire
/ɪnˈkwaɪə(r)/ v.询问，打听 【in 进入+quire→问进去→盘问】
[搭] inquire about sth. 询问 [搭] inquire into sth. 调查（=investigate）
inquiry
/ɪnˈkwaɪəri/ n.调查；询问，打听 【inquire 的名词】
[例] The Paris prosecutor's office said it had launched an inquiry into the fire. 巴黎检察官办公室称，已经对火灾展开调查。 *the cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris 巴黎圣母院大教堂 *a devastating fire 一场毁灭性的大火 The ashes of a burnt-out fire are cold. —Hugo 熄灭了火之后，灰也是冷的！
inquisition
/ˌɪnkwɪ'zɪʃən/ n.调查，审问 【in 进入+quis+ition→进去问→调查】
[搭] literary inquisition 文字狱 censorship 检查；审查（制度） society inquisition 社会调查
acquire
/ə'kwaɪr/ v.获取，学到 【ac 加强动作+quire 寻求得到→获取】
[例] During her film career, she acquired a reputation as a strong-willed, outspoken woman. And we ought to acquire these qualities. 在她的银幕生涯中，她获誉意志坚定、坦率直言的名声，我们应当学到这些品质。
acquired
/ə'kwaɪrd/ a.后天习得的 【acquir(e) 获取+ed】
[搭] an acquired taste 嗜好；爱好
acquisitive
/ə'kwɪzətɪv/ a.贪得的，渴望得到的 【ac 不断+quis+itive→不断寻求→贪得的】
[例] May you be more calm when living in an acquisitive society. 愿你在物欲横流的社会里多一份淡定与从容。
conquer
/'kɑŋkə/ v.征服，战胜 【con 全部+quer→全部寻求到→征服】
[例] Early in the eleventh century, the whole of England was again conquered by the Vikings. 11 世纪早期，整个英格兰再次被北欧海盗征服。 *Viking 维京人，北欧海盗 (=pirates of the Northern Europe)
conquest
/'kɑŋkwest/ n.征服，战胜 【con+quest】
[搭] norman conquest [史]诺曼底人对英格兰的军事征服 city conquest 城市征伐 colonial conquest 殖民征服
query
/'kwɪəri/ n.质问，疑问 【quer+y】
[例] One vexing query the pair have been exploring rocketed in from Elisabeth Hill, via BBC Future's Facebook page, who asked:“Could we shoot garbage into the Sun?” 伊丽莎白·伊尔在 BBC《未来》栏目的脸书主页上问了一个困扰她的问题：“我们可以把垃圾扔到太阳上吗？”两位主持人对这个问题进行了探讨。
disquisition
/ˌdɪskwɪ'zɪʃən/ n.探讨，专题论文 【dis 分开+quis+ition→分开寻问→到处→探究】
[例] State media have even written a short disquisition on the issue. 国家媒体甚至已就这个题目写过短篇专题论文。
quest
/kwest/ n.（长期的）探索，寻找，追求
[例] the quest for liberty 对自由的追求 The Shawshank Redemption (1994) 肖申克的救赎 Fear can hold you prisoner. Hope can set you free. 怯懦囚禁人的灵魂，希望可以让你自由。
inquest
/ˈɪŋkwest/ n.①（对死因的）讯问，审理；②（对失败的事）进行讨论 【in 进+quest→问进去→审问】
[例] The Tories will hold a private inquest into why they were defeated. 托利党将对他们失败的原因进行内部讨论。
request
/rɪˈkwest/ n.要求，请求 v.要求，请求 【re 表强调+quest→请求，正式要求】
[搭] at sb's request 应某人的要求 request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 request that+宾语从句【should(可省略)+动词原形】
question
/ˈkwestʃən/ 【quest+ion】 n.问题，疑问；怀疑，困惑 v.怀疑，对…提出质疑（异议）
[搭] out of the question 不可能，不允许 [例] When peace is interrupted by conflicts or war, economic growth will be out of the question. 没有和平而冲突不断甚至战火纷飞，经济增长将沦为空谈。 The Iraq War 伊拉克战争 (2003.3.20-2011.12.18) [例] I trusted him and I never questioned what he told me. 我信任他，从不怀疑他对我说的话。
require
/rɪˈkwaɪə(r)/ v.①需要；②（根据法律或规定）要求，规定 【re 再+quire→再寻求→需要】
[搭] require sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事 [例] True marriage requires us to show trust and loyalty. 真正的婚姻有赖于我们表现出信任与忠诚。 [搭] be required to do sth. [例] You are required by law to forbid drunk driving. 法律规定禁止酒驾。 [句型] request/require that+宾语从句【should(可省略)+动词原形】 类似的用法的词还有： insist/propose/suggest/advise/command/recommend
requisite
/ˈrekwɪzɪt/ a.必需的，必备的，必不可少的 n.必需的事物 【re 强调+quis+ite→一再寻求的→必要的】
[例] A master's degree has become a requisite condition for entry into ideal professions. 现在硕士学位已经成为进入理想职业的必要条件。 [搭] toilet requisites 洗漱用品 [拓] electric toothbrush 电动牙刷 mouthwash 漱口水 cotton tissue 棉柔巾
prerequisite
/ˌpriːˈrekwəzɪt/ n.先决条件，前提 【pre 预先+requisite 必需品→先决条件】
[例] The gene editing had not received any ethical assessment application for the study which is a prerequisite for such experiments. 基因编辑没有收到关于该研究任何道德伦理评估的申请，它（道德伦理评估申请）是类似实验的先决条件。
32、pet
= seek, 表示“追寻，寻求”
compete
/kəm'pit/ v.竞争，比赛 【com 共同+pet+e→共同追求[一个目标]→竞争】
[搭 1] compete with/against sb. for sth. 为某事与某人竞争/对抗 [搭 2] compete in… 参加比赛 [例] Sun Yang will also compete in the 200m and 800m and relay events in Gwangju. 孙杨还将参加光州世锦赛的 200 米、800 米和接力比赛。 [拓] freestyle 自由泳 backstroke 仰泳 breaststroke 蛙泳 butterfly 蝶泳 medley relay 混合泳接力
competent
/'kɑmpɪtənt/ a.资格的，有能力的 【compet(e)+ent→竞争的[能力]→有资格的】
[例 1] a competent authority [法]主管当局 [例 2] The rest of the world no longer thinks that the president of the United States is competent. 世界各国逐渐意识到美国总统难胜其职。
incompetent
/ɪn'kɑmpɪtənt/ a.无能力的【in 无+competent 有能力的】
competence
/'kɑmpɪtəns/ n.资格，能力 【compet(e)+ence→竞争的[能力]→资格】
[例 1] High score. Low competence. 高分低能 [例 2] Greater emphasis should be placed on strengthening competence of law enforcement. 加强执法能力应该摆在更加重要的位置。 [近] ability capability have the ~ to tackle the problem 有能力处理难题 capacity~of sth./~for doing sth. competence~in (doing) sth.
competitive
/kəm'petətɪv/ a.有竞争力的 【compet(e)+itive】
[例] a competitive advantage over rival companies 超越对手公司的竞争优势
competitiveness
/kəm'petətɪvnɪs/ n.竞争力；好胜，要 【competitive+ness】
competitor
/kəm'petɪtə/ n.竞争者；对手 【compet(e)+itor】
Burger King vs McDonald's 汉堡王 vs 麦当劳 [近] rival 竞争对手 enemy 敌人 counterpart 职位（或作用）相当的人
competition
/kəm'petətɪv/ n.竞争；角逐；比赛 【compet(e)+ition】
[搭] in competition with sb. 与某人竞争 [例] intense/fierce competition 激烈的竞争 fair competition (=fair play) 公平竞争
petition
/pə'tɪʃən/ n.请愿书，申请 v.情愿，请求 【pet+ition→追寻状态→请愿】
[例] Islanders gathered at a town hall meeting to sign a petition for a timefree zone on June 13. 6 月 13 日，岛民们在市政厅会议上签署了要求成为无时间区域的请愿书。 *Sommary, Norway 挪威索玛若伊小岛 [搭] to petition for/against sth. to petition for divorce 申请离婚 to petition against experiments on animals 请求反对用动物做实验
petitionary
y /pə'tɪʃənəri/ a.请愿的；请求的 【petition+ary】
petitioner
/pə'tɪʃənə/ n.请愿人，诉愿人 【petition+er】
[例] The District Court denied petitioner′s motion for a judgment of acquittal. 区法院驳回上诉人提出赦免的议案。 [拓] the Supreme Court 最高法院
appetite
/'æpɪtaɪt/ n.食欲，嗜好；强烈欲望 【ap 加强动作+pet+ite→一再追求→有胃口】
[例 1] I don't have an appetite. 我今天没什么食欲。 [例 2] whet one's appetite (= make somebody want more) 吊（某人的）胃口
appetizer
/‘æpɪtaɪzə/ n.小菜，前菜；开胃食品 【ap 加强动作+pet+iz(e)+er 东西→令人有胃口的东西】
[例] We have a wide selection of tempting appetizers. 我们有很多诱人的开胃菜可供选择。 [拓] order dishes 点餐 - May I see a menu, please? 我可以看一下菜单吗? - What do you recommend I order here?/Can you recommend something? 你有什么推荐吗？ - What's your house specialty? 你们的招牌菜是什么？ - … … - That sounds excellent. Let's have it. 听起来很不错。我们就要它
impetus
/'ɪmpɪtəs/ n.动力，推进；促进，刺激 【im 内+pet+us→内在的追求→冲动】
[搭] to give (a) new/fresh impetus to sth. 给某事物以新的推进力 [例] The U.S. plans and policies released in 2016 were seemingly the impetus for the formulation of China's national AI strategy. 美国 2016 年公布的计划和政策，似乎是促使中国制定国家人工智能战略的因素。 *AI: Artificial Intelligence 人工智能 *facial recognition systems 人脸识别系统
impetuous
/ɪm'petjʊəs/ a.冲动的，草率的 【impetu(s)+ous】
[例] an impetuous young man 一位浮躁的年轻人 an impetuous decision 一个冲动的决定
impetuosity
/ɪm,petjʊ'ɒsətɪ/ n.性急，冲动 【impetuo(u)s+ity】
perpetuate
/pə'petʃʊeɪt/ v.使永久，不朽 【per 全部，永久+pet+uate→追求永久】
英文释义： If someone or something perpetuates a situation, system, or belief, especially a bad one, they cause it to continue. (Collins) 使继续 (尤指不好的情形、体系或信仰) [例 1] Does homework perpetuate inequities in education? (OECD) 家庭作业是否使教育中的不公平现象长期存在？ *OECD= Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 经济合作与发展组织 [例 2] self-perpetuating 自我持续的，无止境的 a self-perpetuating problem 一个长期存在的问题
perpetual
/pə'petʃʊəl/ a.永久的，不断的 【per+pet+ual，perpetuate 的形容词】
[例] perpetual complaints 永无休止的抱怨 [近] permanent 永恒的；长久的 permanent residence 永久居留权 [拓] Perpetual Grace, LTD《无限恩典有限公司》 *LTD= Limited 有限责任公司，股份有限公司
perpetuity
/ˌpɝpə'tuəti/ n.永久，永恒 【per+pet+uity，perpetuate 的名词】
[例] in perpetuity 永远地
centripetal
/sen'trɪpɪtl/ a.向心的 【 centri 中心+pet+al→追求中心的】
[例 1] centripetal force 向心力 centrifugal force 离心力，地心引力 fug refuge refugee eccentric eccentricity [例 2] The centripetal and centrifugal forces keep our planet in her orbit. 向心力和离心力使行星在轨道上行动。 [拓] universe/cosmos 宇宙 galaxy 星系 planet 行星 star 恒星 the Milky Way 银河 black hole 黑洞
petulant
/ˈpetʃələnt/ a.(脾气) 暴躁的；(像小孩一样)任性的 【pet+ul+ant 多…的→追求太多，导致脾气不好】
[例] fire off a petulant tweet 像小孩一样任性地发条推特 *government-by-tweet 推特治国 [近] childish 幼稚的；孩子气的 childish adult 巨婴
petulance
/ˈpetʃələns/ n.生气；性急；暴躁 【petulant 的名词】
propitiate
/prəˈpɪʃɪet/ v.讨好；劝慰，安抚 【pro 在前+pit[=pet]+iate→前呼后拥→讨好，劝慰】
[例] I've never gone out of my way to propitiate people. 我从未刻意取悦别人。 *go out of one's way 特别费心做某事
propitious
/prəˈpɪʃəs/ a.合适的，有利的；吉利的 【pro 前+pit[=pet]+ious→让一个人向前寻求的东西→有利的】
[例] a propitious/lucky time 良辰吉日
33、dict, dic
= say, assert, 表示“说话，断言“
dictate
/ˈdɪkteɪt/ v.口述；强行规定；支配，决定 【dict+ate 说话→口授，命令】
[例] The massive publicity dictated a response from the city government. 大量的媒体报道迫使市政府作出反应。
dictator
/ˈdɪkteɪtər/ n.独裁者，命令者 【dictat[e]+or→发命令者】
[例] The Great Dictator 《大独裁者》 Charlie Chaplin 查理·卓别林
diction
/ˈdɪkʃn/ n.吐字；用语，措词 【dict+ion→说话状态→措词 】
[搭] clear diction 清晰的吐字
benediction
/ˌbenɪˈdɪkʃn/ n.祝福 【bene 好+dict 说+ion→说好话】
malediction
/ˌmæliˈdikʃən/ n.恶言；诅咒 【male 坏+dict 说+ion→说坏话】
dictionary
/ˈdɪkʃəneri/ n.词典，字典 【diction+ary→措词的书→字典】
contradict
/ˌkɑntrəˈdɪkt/ v.反驳；相矛盾 【contra 反+dict→反说→反驳】
[例] There are a kind of people called "contrarians". If they like, they will find any possible angle to contradict you. 有一类人被称为“杠精”：只要他们想抬杠，就没有他们找不出来的角度。 [拓] contrarian n.为了反对而反对的人，杠精 hater 杠精 Internet troll 网络喷子 keyboard warrior 键盘侠 drama queen 戏精 [搭] contradict oneself 自相矛盾
contradictory
/ˌkɑːntrəˈdɪktəri/ a.矛盾的，对立的 【contradict 反驳+ory】
[例] Are being pretty and studying hard contradictory？ 爱美和学习是互相矛盾的事吗？ [拓] post pictures of children 晒娃 dye hair 染发 have/get one's ears pierced 打耳洞
predict
/prɪˈdɪkt/ v.预言，预知；断言 【pre 预先+dict 说→预言】
[搭] It is predicted that... 据估计；预测 [例 1] It is predicted that the economy will further climb up in the coming months. 据预测，在未来的几个月经济将持续增长。 [拓] predict/forecast Someone predicts what will happen based on information available, their knowledge, their opinions or using religious or magic powers. predict 指依据所得到的信息、知识、观点或凭借宗教或法术力量进行预测 [例 2] predict the probability or magnitude of earthquakes 预测地震的可能性或震级 *China Earthquake Administration 中国地震局 [拓] predict/forecast Someone usually forecasts sth. based on information available and often using scientific methods. forecast 指依据所得信息并常使用科学方法进行预测或预报 [例 3] Snow is forecast for tomorrow. 预报明天有雪。
prediction
/prɪˈdɪkʃn/ n.预报；预言 【predict+ion】
[例] weather prediction/forecast 天气预报
indict
/ɪnˈdaɪt/ v.控告，起诉 【in 进去+dict 说→进去说→起诉】
[搭] 控告某人做某事 indict sb. for sth. indict sb. on charges/on a charge of sth. 控告某人犯某种罪 charge sb. with (doing) sth. accuse sb. of sth. [例] The senator was indicted for murder. 那位参议员被控谋杀罪。 The senator was charged with murder. The senator was accused of murder.
indictment
/ɪnˈdaɪtmənt/ n.控告；起诉书 【indict+ment】
[搭] under indictment 遭到起诉
abdicate
/ˈæbdɪkeɪt/ v. 退位；放弃 【ab 离开+dic 命令+ate→不再命令→退位】
[例] abdicate/step down from the throne
dedicate
/ˈdedɪkeɪt/ v.献身；致力于；题献 【de 加强+dic 说+ate→再说→努力献身】
[搭 1] dedicate oneself to sth./to doing sth. [例 1] Dedicate yourself and you will win. 爱拼才会赢。 [拓] Golden Decade 金色十年 BRICS(Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) 金砖国家 win-win cooperation 合作共赢 [搭 2] dedicate/devote sth. to sth. 把…用于… [例 2] Even though the poor must dedicate much of their income to basic necessities, they devote a higher share of their total spending to conspicuous consumption than the rich do. 尽管穷人必须将大部分收入用于购买基本必需品，但炫耀性消费占他们总支出的比重比富人高。 [搭 3] dedicate sth. to sb. (在书、音乐或作品的前面）题献词
dedication
/ˌdedɪˈkeɪʃn/ n.奉献；赠言 【dedicat(e)+ion】
[近] commitment
edict
/ˈiːdɪkt/ n.法令；布告 【e 出+dict 说→说出→法令，布告】
[例 1] imperial edict 圣旨；诏书 [例 2] issue an edict 颁布法令/发出布告 [复习] act/bill
jurisdiction
/ˌdʒʊrɪsˈdɪkʃn/ n.司法权 【juris 法律+dict 说话+ion→说法律的→司法权】
[搭] have jurisdiction over sb./sth. 对某人/某事有司法权 [例] The British police have no jurisdiction over foreign bank accounts. 英国警方对外国银行的账户没有司法管辖权。 *Ministry of Justice 司法部
juridical
/dʒʊˈrɪdɪkl/ a.司法的 【juridic 司法上的+al 形容词后缀→司法的】
[搭] juridical person 法人
addict
/əˈdɪkt/ v.沉溺，上瘾 n.吸毒成瘾的人 【ad 一再+dict 说→说了还说→沉溺】
[搭] be addicted to... 对......上瘾；沉溺于 [例 1] be addicted to the phone 对手机上瘾 *phubber 低头族 phubber=phone+snubber(冷落他人者) [例 2] Men and women are equally prone to be addicted to shopping. 男人和女人都同样容易沉溺于购物。 *Confessions of a Shopaholic 《一个购物狂的自白》 "You see, a man will never love you or treat you as well as a store. If a man doesn't fit, you can't exchange him seven days later for a gorgeous cashmere sweater.” “你知道，男人永远不会像商店那样爱你、款待你。要是男人不合适，你也不能 7 天内退货，把他换成羊绒毛衣。” [搭] a heroin/drug/nicotine addict 吸食海洛因╱毒品╱尼古丁成瘾的人 heroine 女英雄
addiction
/əˈdɪkʃn/ n.沉溺，嗜好 【addict 使上瘾+ion 名词后缀→上瘾】
[搭] cyber-based addictions 网络成瘾
interdict
/ˈɪntərdɪkt/ v.禁止 n.禁令 【inter 在中间+dict→在中间说，不让做→禁止】
[例] to strengthen capacity to interdict illegal drugs 加强查禁非法毒品的能力
predicate
/ˈprɛdɪˌkeɪt/ v.断言，暗示 【pre 预先+dic 说+ate→预先说→断定】
[例] The article predicates that the market collapse was caused by weakness of the dollar. 这篇文章断言市场崩溃是由美元疲软引起的。
prediction
/ˌpredɪ‘keɪʃən/ n.断定，声明
34、nounc, nunci
= speak, 表示“讲话，说出”
announce
/əˈnaʊns/ v.宣布，发表；通知；宣称 【an 加强+nounc+e→一再讲→宣布】
[搭] announce sth. (to sb.) (向某人)宣布某事 announce enhanced health security measures 宣布加强健康安全措施 [例] Twitter announced plans to grow its monetized daily active users by 20 percent or more, accelerate revenue growth on a year-over-year basis and gain share in the digital advertising market. 推特宣布计划将每日活跃用户的货币化增长 20%或更多，在年同比基础上加快收入增长，并在数字广告市场中获得份额。 [拓] DAU= Daily Active User 日活跃用户数量 SEO= Search Engine Optimization 搜索引擎优化 IWOM= Internet Word of Mouth 网络口碑 ROI= Return On Investment 投资回报率(转化率) [搭] announce one's break-up 官宣分手 *I was dumped. 我被甩了。 It's over. 我们(的感情)结束了。 We're not meant for each other. 我们不合适。 [搭] announce (that)… 宣布…… [例] UC Berkeley announced Monday it will suspend most in-person classes starting Tuesday. 加州大学伯克利分校周一宣布，从周二开始，将暂停大部分的亲自授课。 [近] declare publish claim proclaim
announcement
/əˈnaʊnsmənt/ n.公告；通告 【announce+ment】
An announcement is a public statement that's usually formal and has a specific purpose. 公告是一种公开声明，通常是正式的，且具有特定的目的。 [搭] official announcement 正式通知；官方消息 [近] statement declaration
denounce
/dɪˈnaʊns/ v.抨击，指责 【de 坏+nounc+e→讲坏话→抨击】
[例] There is no reason for us to denounce traditional Chinese medicine. 我们没有理由去指责传统中医。 [拓] herb 草药 OTC(over-the-counter drug) 非处方药 prescription drug 处方药 Chinese patent medicine 中成药 *herbal 草本的
denouncement
/dɪˈnaʊnsmənt/ n.告发，公开抨击 【denounce+ment】
pronounce
/prəˈnaʊns/ v.发音；宣告 【pro 在前+nounc+e→在人前讲话→宣告】
[例] The "b" in lamb is not pronounced. lamb 中的 b 不发音。 [例] The judge will pronounce sentence today. 法官将于今天宣判。 [拓] the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) 国际体育仲裁法庭 World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) 世界反兴奋剂组织 International Swimming Federation 国际泳联 [例] I now pronounce you man and wife. 现在正式宣布你们结为夫妻。 Now you will feel no rain, for you will be shelter for each other. Now you will feel no cold, for you will be warmth for each other. Now you will feel no loneliness, for you will be friends for each other. Now you are two people, but there is only one road you will walk together.
pronunciation
/prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn/ n.发音 【pro 在前+nunci+ation 表名词→发音】
[例] The differences in pronunciation and grammar between these dialects are subtle, but for a native speaker they carry meaningful information about identity, culture and religious affiliation. 这些方言之间在发音和语法上的差异是微妙的，但是对于一个以英语为母语的人来说，它们携带着关于身份、文化和宗教信仰的有意义的信息。
pronouced
/prəˈnaʊnst/ a.显著的；断然的 【pronounc(e)+ed】
strongly marked; easily noticeable [近] noticeable, obvious [搭] the state's pronounced rich-poor divide 国家明显存在的贫富差距
renounce
/rɪˈnaʊns/ v.否认；宣布放弃 【re 反+nounc+e→反过来说→否认】
[搭] to renounce a claim/title/privilege/right 宣布放弃要求/头衔/特权/权利 [例] If you decide to become a vegetarian, you will renounce hamburgers and bacon. 如果你决定成为一个素食主义者，你将会放弃汉堡包和培根。
renouncement
/rɪˈnaʊnsmənt/ n.否认；拒绝；放弃 【renounce+ment】
[近] denial/rejection/contradiction
35、lect, leg
= speak, read, 表示“讲，读”
lecture
/ˈlɛktʃɚ/ n.讲课，讲座；教训，训斥 v.讲授，讲课 【lect 读+ure 名词后缀，表示一般状态、行为】
[搭 1] deliver/give a lecture 做讲座，讲课 [搭 2] a lecture room/hall 演讲室╱厅 [例] I know I should stop smoking—don't give me a lecture about it. 我知道我该戒烟，别再教训我了。 [搭] lecture in/on sth. 讲授...... lecture on the history of art 讲授艺术史
dialect
/ˈdaɪəˌlɛkt/ n.方言 【dia 在…...之间+lect→在一部分人之间说→方言】
*Ye Lang Disco (Wild Wolf Disco)
legible
/ˈlɛdʒəbəl/ a.可读的，易读的 【leg+ible→能够读的】
[搭] legible handwriting 清楚易读的笔迹
illegible
/ɪˈlɛdʒəbəl/ a.难读的 【il 不+legible 不能读的】
allege
/əˈlɛdʒ/ v.主张；宣称；(未提出证据)断言 【al 一再+lege→一再讲→宣称】
[搭 1] It is alleged that... 据称...... [搭 2] the alleged attacker/victim/killer 据称的袭击者╱受害者╱杀人凶手
legend
/ˈlɛdʒənd/ n.传奇；(某领域中的)传奇人物；图例 【leg+end→讲出的东西→传奇故事；引申为地图的图例】
[搭] a music legend 音乐界的传奇人物 *The Legend of 1900《海上钢琴师》 Playing Love
legendary
/ˈledʒənderi/ a.传奇的，像传奇一样的 【legend+ary】
[例] Bohemian Rhapsody is a movie based on the true story of Queen's journey from the start of the rock band to their now-legendary 1985 performance at the Live Aid concert in Wembley Stadium. 《波西米亚狂想曲》是一部根据真实事件改编的电影，讲述了皇后乐队从成立之初到 1985 年在温布利大球场 Live Aid 音乐会上传奇献唱的故事。 Bohemian Rhapsody Open your eyes Look up to the skies and see I'm just a poor boy I need no sympathy Because I'm easy come easy go A little high little low Anyway the wind blows doesn't really matter to me
36、cant, cent
= sing, song, 表示“唱，歌”
cant
/kænt/ n.术语；暗语；伪善言辞 v.使倾斜 【唱出来的话→暗语】
• hypocritical and sanctimonious talk, typically of a moral, religious, or political nature • denoting a phrase or catchword temporarily current or in fashion [拓] thieves' cant 盗贼的黑话
accent
/ˈæksent/ /ækˈsent/ n.口音；腔调 v.着重；强调 【ac 加强+cent 唱；歌→着重唱→重音】
• to emphasize a part of sth. [搭] a strong/broad accent(= one that is very noticeable) 浓重的口音 *with a Beijing accent 带有北京腔 [例] Here's another chance to see Angelina Jolie with wings, horns, pointy prosthetic cheekbones, and a vaguely English accent. 又有机会看到长翅膀和犄角、假体颧骨突出、说话带有一点英国口音的安吉丽娜·朱莉了。 Maleficent: Mistress of Evil
accentuate
/əkˈsentʃueɪt/ v.强调；使突出；重读 【ac 表加强+cent 唱歌+uate 使…→不停地唱→强调】
[例] Not everything can look amazing on everyone. But on the other hand, certain fits can accentuate your body and get you insta-ready real quick. 并非所有衣服都适合每个人。但另一方面，某些合身的衣服可以凸显你的身材，让你快速达到能拍照发 Ins 的状态。 *pear-shaped bodies 梨型身材 [近] stress : to emphasize a fact, an idea, etc. emphasize : to give special importance to sth. accentuate : to emphasize sth. or make it more noticeable
incentive
/ɪnˈsentɪv/ n.激励；刺激；动机 【in 进入+cent 唱+ive→把〔力量〕唱进去→激励】
[搭 1] incentive mechanism 激励机制 material incentive 物质鼓励 incentive compensation 奖金；绩效 *merit payment [搭 2] two children incentive policies 二孩奖励政策 *baby boom 婴儿潮 [例] Cinemas usually charge more for movies screened in three dimensions, so there's an obvious incentive to show them in the format. 影院的 3D 影片票价一般都要贵一些，放映 3D 版电影的动机自然就显而易见了。 “I'd rather rule in hell than serve in heaven.” “宁做鸡头，不做凤尾。” Alita: Battle Angel（《阿丽塔：战斗天使》） [近] bonus : end-of-year/year-end bonus 年终奖 perk : something you receive as well as your wages for doing a particular job (工资之外的) 补贴 benefit : employee benefits 员工福利 welfare : social welfare 社会福利
37、scrib, scipt
= write, 表示“写”
scribe
/skraɪb/ v. 写下，划线 n. 抄写员，作家
[例] a man of insight and a scribe 有洞察力又写书的一个人 *Permanent Record —Edward Snowden 《永久记录》——爱德华·斯诺登
scribble
/ˈskrɪbl/ v. 乱写，涂鸦 n.潦草的字；涂鸦 【scrib 写+b+le 反复→乱写】
[搭] scribble down/out 潦草地写下/写出 [例] It is clearly not appropriate for a student to litter and scribble about. 对于一个学生来说，乱扔乱画显然是不合适的。
script
/skrɪpt/ n. 脚本，手稿
[例 1] a film script 电影剧本 [例 2] He's off script. (= He's out of control.） 他脱离剧本了。（他已经不受控制了。） [拓] The Script 手稿乐队 Hall of Fame 名人堂 When you're standing in the hall of fame, and the world's gonna know your name. 当你站在名人堂中，全世界都会知道你的名字。
scripture
/'skrɪptʃə/ n. （宗教的）经文，圣典 【script 写+ure→写出的[宗教作品]】
[例 1] Scripture = the Bible 《圣经》 [例 2] a quote from scripture 圣典的引文 Enter through the narrow gate. For the gate is wide and the road is easy that leads to destruction, and there are many who take it. For the gate is narrow and the road is hard that leads to life, and there are few who find it. Matthew《新约-马太福音》 [拓] forms of the ancient literature 古代文学常见体裁 three-character scripture 三字经 eight-part essay 八股文
manuscript
/ˈmænjuskrɪpt/ n.手抄本；原稿 【manu 手+script 写→手写的东西→手稿，手抄本】
[搭] literature manuscript 文学手稿 design manuscript 设计手稿 [例] You want the unpublished manuscript? 你要未出版的手稿？ *the unpublished manuscript of Harry Potter 《哈利波特》的未出版手稿 The Devil Wears Prada 《穿普拉达的女王》
postscript
/ˈpostskrɪpt/ n.（信等）附言；补充，后话 【post 后+script→写在后面→附言】
[例] A brief, handwritten postscript lay beneath his signature. 一段简短的手写附言位于他的签名下方。 [拓] PS=postscript BTW=by the way 顺便说一下 IMHO=in my humble opinion 我认为，在我看来 LOL=laugh out loud 大声地笑 (League of Legend)
ascribe
/ə'skraɪb/ v. 归因于，归咎于 【a+scri 写+e→把…写上去→归因于】
[搭] ascribe A to B 把 A 归因于 B trace sth. to sth. / owe A to B / attribute A to B contribute to sth. / give rise to sth. / lead to sth. [例] Scientists ascribe climate change to the greenhouse effect. 科学家把气候变化归因于温室效应。 [拓] climate change 气候变化 global warming 全球变暖 ice and snow melting 冰雪融化 water pollution 水污染 energy reduction 节能减排
ascribable
/əs'kraɪbəbl/ a. 可归因...于的 【ascrib(e)归因于+able→可归于…的】
[搭] be ascribable to sth.
circumscribe
/'sɜːkəmskraɪb/ v. 立界限，限定；画切线 【circum 环+scrib+e→画上一圈→限定】
[近] restrict/limit/confine restrict one's freedom limit carbon dioxide emissions from cars He is confined to the house by illness. [例] The President's power is circumscribed by Congress and the Supreme Court. 总统的权力受到国会和最高法院的制约。
conscribe
/kən'skraɪb/ v. 征召入伍，招募 【con 共同+scrib+e→大家写上名字→征兵】
[搭] conscribe recruit 招募新兵
conscript
/kən'skrɪpt/ n. 应征士兵，被征召者 【con+script】
describe
/dɪ'skraɪb/ v. 描述，形容 【de 着重+scrib+e→着重写→描述】
[搭] describe sb./sth. as sth. 描述为；把…说成 describe sb./sth. to sb. 向某人描述 [例 1] The scenery is too beautiful to describe to others. 风景美得无以言表。 [拓] beyond words/description 无以言表 It's more than just words. 难以言表 Words fail me. 尽在不言中 [例 2] rainbow fart 彩虹屁 (use complimentary expressions to describe one's idol) 比喻粉丝花式吹捧自己的偶像 praise sb. in glowing terms [拓] star chaser 追星族 devoted fan “脑残”粉 anti-fan 黑粉 center position C 位 (团队核心) fan club 后援会
description
/dɪ'skrɪpʃən/ n. 描绘，形容，说明 【de+script+ion】
[例] job description(JD) 职位描述 self-description 自我介绍 resume 简历 / VC / CV wanted 诚聘 Tutor Wanted 诚聘导师
inscribe
/ɪn'skraɪb/ v.铭刻 【in 进入+scrib+e 写→刻写进去→铭刻】
[搭] be inscribed with sth. …上刻有… [例] The tomb was inscribed with a short poem. 墓碑上刻有一首短诗。 Earnest Hemingway 厄内斯特·海明威 The Old Man and Sea 《老人与海》 Pardon me for not getting up. 请原谅我，我不起来了。(恕我不起来了。)
inscription
/ɪn'skrɪpʃən/ n.铭刻；碑文 【in 进入+script 写+ion→刻写进去的行为→铭刻】
prescribe
/prɪ'skraɪb/ v.开药方；规定，命令 【pre 预先+scrib 写+e→预先写好药量】
[搭 1] prescribe a remedy 开处方 [搭 2] The law/regulation prescribes that… 法律/制度规定…
prescript
/prɪ'skrɪpt/ n.规定，命令，条例 【pre+script】
prescription
/prɪ'skrɪpʃən/ n.处方；解决方法，秘诀 【pre 预先+script 写+ion→预先写好药量的方子→处方】
[搭] prescription drug/medicine 处方药 [拓] OTC=over-the-counter (drug/medicine) 非处方药 chronic diseases 慢性病 acute diseases 急性病 follow the doctors' advice 遵医嘱提高效率，降低成本 [口语] 询问对方眼睛多少度时，可以说： What's your eyeglasses prescription? What's your eyesight?
subscribe
/səb'skraɪb/ v.订阅；认购 【sub 在下面+scrib+e 写→在下面写上名字→订阅】
[例] Please subscribe to my public account! 请订阅我的公众号！ [拓] moments 朋友圈 give sb. a like 给某人点赞 repost 转发 unfriend/unfollow 删除好友 (v.) blacklist/blocked list 黑名单
subscriber
/səb'skraɪbɚ/ n.订阅人，用户 【sub 在下面+scrib(e)写+er 人→在下面写上名字的人→订阅人】
transcribe
/træn'skraɪb/ v.抄录，把…转成（另一种书写格式） 【trans 横+scrib+e 写→写过去→誊写】
[例] live transcribe 实时转录
transcript
/'trænskrɪpt/ n.副本，抄本；笔录 【trans 横+script 写→写过去的内容→誊写的抄本】
38、man, manu
= hand, 表示“手”
manage
/ˈmænɪdʒ/ v.管理，经营；处理；设法（完成） 【man 手+age 表行为→用手做→引申为管理】
[搭] manage a company and its staff 经营公司，管理员工 [近] run/cope [搭] I can manage it. * I can do/make it. 我能行；我能对付得了。 [例 1] Leave me to manage my own affairs. 让我自生自灭吧！ * affair n.[僻]外遇；风流韵事 Downton Abbey 《唐顿庄园》 [搭] manage to do sth 设法做到；设法完成 [例 2] Mentally, the only players who survive in the pros are the ones able to manage all their responsibilities. Everybody struggles in different ways. —Tom Brady(NFL) 从精神道德层面来讲，未被职业联赛淘汰出局的选手乃是那些恪尽职守之人。人人皆以各自的方式奋斗着。 [拓] NFL: National Football League 职业橄榄球大联盟 pros 职业圈 pro 职业选手；赞成者 (a golf pro 职业高尔夫球选手) pros and cons 利与弊；优点与缺点
manageable
/ˈmænɪdʒəbl/ a.易管理的；易控制的 【manage+able】
manager
/ˈmænɪdʒər/ n.经理，管理者 【manag(e)+er】
[近] executive [拓] GM=General Manager 总经理 VP=Vice President 副总裁 CEO=Chief Executive Officer 首席执行官 COO=Chief Operations Officer 首席运营官 CFO=Chief Financial Officer 首席财务官 * associate professor deputy mayor side effect
management
/ˈmænɪdʒmənt/ n.管理；管理部门；经营手段 【manage+ment】
[搭] time management 时间管理 * To-Do List 待办清单
manacle
/ˈmænəkl/ n.手铐；束缚 v.给…戴上镣铐 【man 手+acle 东西→手上的东西→手铐】
*-le, -let, -et *booklet *triplet [近] chain/handcuff/fetter [搭] manacle hand and foot 比喻过分的束缚 [例] The thief was manacled by the police. * The police put the thief in manacles. 小偷被警察给铐起来了。
manual
/ˈmænjuəl/ a.手工的；体力的 n.手册；指南 【man 手+ual...的→用手做的→手工的】
[搭 1] manual/craft skill 手工技艺 [搭 2] manual labor 体力活 [搭 3] operation manual 操作指南；运营手册 [拓] paper cutting 剪纸 New Year painting 年画 Chinese knot 中国结 lucky/gift money 压岁钱
manifest
/ˈmænɪfest/ a.明显的 v.表明；显现 n.货单 【mani 手+fest 仇恨→恨得用手打→〔恨意〕显然的】
[近（n.）] apparent/obvious/distinct [搭] manifest destiny 天定命运 * destiny/fate/fortune blue city [近（v.）] make clear/prove/demonstrate [例 1] Work stressors can manifest in outbursts against co-workers, violence or anger toward loved ones at home, or being unable to find motivation for things that you were able to accomplish with ease. 工作的压力因素可能体现在对同事的情绪爆发、在家里对亲人的暴力或愤怒，或是面对曾经能够轻松完成的事情现在却失去了干劲。 [拓] workplace burnout 职场劳累过度 deadline 最后期限 absenteeism 旷工，缺勤 [例 2] There's a chartered flight leaving tomorrow morning. You're on the manifest. 包机明天早上出发。旅客名单上有你。 manifest= passenger list
manifestation
/ˌmænɪfeˈsteɪʃn/ n.表现；示威运动 【manifest+ation】
manifestly
/ˈmænifestli/ ad.显然地；明白地 【manifest+ly】
[近] apparently [例] It had come to be accepted that the pigs, Who were manifestly cleverer than the other animals, should decide all questions of farm policy. —Animal Farm（《动物农场》） 猪显然比其他动物更聪明，它们应该决定农场政策的所有问题，这一点已经得到人们的接受。
manifesto
/ˌmænɪˈfestoʊ/ n.宣言；声明；告示 【manifest 证明，声明+o 抽象名词→声明】
[搭] an election manifesto 竞选宣言 The Communist Manifesto 共产党宣言
manipulate
/məˈnɪpjuleɪt/ v.操纵；巧妙处理 【mani 手+pul 拉+ate 动词词尾→用手拉→引申为操纵】
[例] To manipulate something means to handle it skillfully, like the way a sculptor manipulates clay or a really good politician works a crowd. 操纵某物意味着熟练地处理某物，就像雕刻家操纵粘土或一个真正优秀的政治家操纵群众一样。 [搭] to manipulate public opinion 左右公众舆论 [例] The X-Men's arch-villian Magneto can sense and manipulate magnetic fields with his mind. 《X 战警》中的大反派“万磁王”的大脑可以感知并控制磁场。 [例] Friends don't manipulate friends. They help each other. 朋友是不会互相算计的，他们互相帮助。 The Vampire Diaries 《吸血鬼日记》
manipulation
/məˌnɪpjuˈleɪʃn/ n.操纵；操作；处理 【manipulat(e)+ion】
[搭] data manipulation 数据处理
manuscript
/ˈmænjuskrɪpt/ n.手稿；原稿 【manu 手+script 写→手抄本】
[搭] an unpublished manuscript 未发表的手稿 [拓] ghostwriting industry 代写行业 告知要求: tell the requirements 定价格: set the price 邮寄作业: mail the notebook 付款: pay the agreed fee 收到成品: get the returned manuscript
manufacture
/ˌmænjuˈfæktʃər/ v.生产；制造 【manu 手+fact 制作+ure 行为→用手做→制造】
[搭 1] manufactured goods 工业制成品 [搭 2] a news story manufactured by a journalist 一位不道德的记者编造的一篇报道 [搭 3] manufacture/production date 生产日期 *shelf life/guarantee period 保质期
manufacturer
/ˌmænjuˈfæktʃərər/ n.制造商 【manufactur(e)+er】
maintain
/meɪnˈteɪn/ v.维持；坚持；主张 【main[=man 手]+tain 拿→用手拿住→保持】
[搭] maintain international peace and security 维护国际和平与安全 [例] You never win with violence. You only win when you maintain your dignity. —Green Book 你永远不会以暴力取胜。只有保持尊严才能战胜一切。 [辨] sustain/contain/obtain
maintenance
/ˈmeɪntənəns/ n.维护；保持；生活费用 【main[=man 手]+ten 拿+ance，maintain 的名词】
39、form
= shape, 表示“形状”
form
/fɔːrm/ n.形式，形态；表格 v.构成；形成
[搭] in the form of… 以……的形式 [例 1] Opportunity often comes disguised in the form of misfortune, or temporary defeat. 机遇常常伪装成不幸或暂时的失败。 *temporary staff 临时工 [例 2] an application form 申请表 [例 3] a newly-formed organization 一个新成立的组织
former
/ˈfɔːrmər/ a.从前的；前者的 【form 模式+er】
[例] A former Huawei employee had been detained in Shenzhen for 251 days. 一名前华为员工在深圳被拘留了 251 天。 [拓] former/latter
formal
/ˈfɔrml/ a.正式的，正规的 【form 模式+al 表形容词→模式化的→正式的】
[例 1] formal evening dress 晚礼服 casual clothes 便装 formal/casual [例 2] formal apology/complaint/request 正式道歉╱投诉╱要求 [拓] formal vs informal The police is conducting an investigation into the arms deal. [formal] 警方正在对这起军火交易进行调查。 The police is investigating/looking into the arms deal. [neutral] 警方正在调查这桩军火交易。 The cops are trying to dig out info about the arms deal. [informal] 警察正试图找出军火交易的信息。
formlism
/ˈfɔrməlɪzəm/ n.形式主义 【formal 正式的+ism】
formality
/fɔrˈmæləti/ n.礼节；礼仪；正式手续 【formal+ity 性质→正式性质→礼仪】
[例 1] a mere formality 仅仅是例行公事/走过场 [例 2] Let's skip the formalities and get down to business. 咱们省去繁文缛节，开始讨论实质问题吧。
formation
/fɔrˈmeɪʃn/ n.形成；培养 【form+ation→形成形式】
[例] the word formation table 构词表
formula
/ˈfɔrmjələ/ n.公式；信条 【form+ula 表名词→形成的东西→公式】
[例] F1: FIA Formula 1 World Championship 世界一级方程式锦标赛 *FIA 国际汽车联合会(法文缩写) F1 上海站 [拓] car racing 赛车
formulate
/ˈfɔrmjuleɪt/ v.公式化；系统陈述 【formul(a)+ate→成公式】
conform
/kənˈfɔrm/ v.符合；遵从；使一致 【con 共同+form→形式共同→一致】
[搭] conform to 遵守 adhere to abide by comply with [例] Female singers are not supposed to date or even live real lives but instead conform to rigid norms. They had their private lives intensely examined in public and were the subject of hateful online comments. 女歌手不可以约会，甚至不能过上正常人的生活，相反还要遵守严格的规矩。她们的私生活被公众密切地审视着，自己则沦为网络恶评的受害者。 [拓] cyberbullying 网络欺凌 conveyor-belt production 流水线生产 a culture of sex trafficking by elites 精英性交易文化 cyber friend-making 网络交友
conformity
/kənˈfɔrməti/ n.符合；一致 【conform+ity】
deform
/dɪˈfɔrm/ v.使残废；变形 a.畸形的 【de 坏+form→使形状坏→使残废】
[拓] disabled physically challenged
inform
/ɪnˈfɔːrm/ v.通知，告知 【in 进+form→进入形式→正式通知】
[例] I'm writing to inform you that… [写作句型: 表示通知] 我写信是为了通知你…… [例] inform on/against 告发，检举 sneak on 告状 tell on 打小报告，说坏话 informer 告密者 Modern Family 《摩登家庭》 [拓] informed a.见多识广的，消息灵通的 learned a.博学的，有学问的 scholarly a.学术的
information
/ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃn/ n.信息，情报 【inform+ation→通知的东西→信息】
[例] information protection 信息保护 data leakage 数据泄露 Facebook's data leakage scandal has triggered a groundswell of moral outrage. Facebook 的数据泄露丑闻引发了道德义愤。
informative
/ɪnˈfɔːrmətɪv/ a.提供有用信息的；给予知识的 【inform+ative→有信息的】
multiform
/'mʌltifɔ:m/ a.多形状的，多形式的 【multi 多+form→多形式的】
[例] a very complex, multiform illness like cancer 一种非常复杂的疾病，比如癌症 [近] multifold a.多方面的，多倍的
reform
/rɪˈfɔːrm/ v.改革；改造 n.改革，改良 【re 再次+form→再形成→改造】
[搭] reform the social security system 改革社会保障体制 [搭] housing reform 住房改革（房改） supply-side reform 供给侧改革 market-driven reform 市场化改革
transform
/trænsˈfɔːrm/ v.变形；改造 【trans 变+form→变形】
[拓] Transformers 变形金刚 Autobots, transform and roll out! 汽车人，变形出发！ * bubblebee 大黄蜂
transformation
/ˌtrænsfərˈmeɪʃn/ n. 转变；变形改革 【transform+ation】
[例] Some of the biggest advancements in digital transformation have been waiting in the wings because they need 5G in order to roll out on a mass scale. 数字变革中的一些大举动都已蓄势待发，就等着 5G 的到来，从而实现大规模应用推广。 *be waiting in the wings
uniform
/junəˌfɔrm/ a. 一致的 n. 制服 【uni 一个+form→一种形状→一致的】
[搭] uniform distribution 均匀分布 [搭] military uniform 军装 jail uniform 囚服 *Orange Is the New Black 《女子监狱》 Prison Break 《越狱》
uniformity
/ˌjuːnɪˈfɔːrməti/ n. 一致性 【uniform+ity】
[例] Harmony without uniformity is a great idea put forth by ancient Chinese thinkers. “和而不同”，是中国古代思想家提出的一个伟大思想。
perform
/pərˈfɔːrm/ v. 执行（任务）；表演一致性 【per 完全，彻底+form 形状→从头到尾做出形状→表演】
[搭 1] perform an operation/experiment 做手术/实验 [搭 2] perform one's duty/promise 履行职责/诺言
performance
/pərˈfɔːrməns/ n. 表现；表演 【perform+ance】
[搭] performance appraisal 绩效考核 KPI: Key Performance Indicator 关键绩效指标 *title 职位 pay 薪资 annual leave 年假 annual review 年终考核 peer review 同行审查
40、junct, join
= join, 表示“结合，连接“
junction
/ˈdʒʌŋkʃən/ n. 接合，交汇点 【junct+ion】
[例] Come off the motorway at junction 6. 在 6 号交叉路口驶离高速公路。 [搭] road junction 三叉路 butterfly junction 各种高架桥及道路组合而成的“立交桥” [拓] The collapse of an overpass in Wuxi, Jiangsu province, which killed three and injured two, was caused by heavily-overloaded vehicles, according to the transport authority. 交通管理部门表示，导致 3 人死亡、2 人受伤的江苏省无锡市桥面坍塌事故是由车辆严重超载导致的。 [拓] speeding 超速 overloading 超载 fatigue driving 疲劳驾驶 hit-and-run 肇事逃逸
juncture
/ˈdʒʌŋktʃɚ/ n. 接合，连接；特定时刻；节骨眼 【junct+ure】
[搭] at this juncture = at this moment, here 在此时，在这个节骨眼儿上 [例] At this juncture, I would like to make an important announcement. 此时此刻，我要宣布一项重要的事情。
adjunct
/ˈædʒˌʌŋkt/ n. 附属物；助手 adj. 附属的 【ad 增加+junct 连接→加上连接→附属物；助手】
[例] Anyone trying to expand his or her vocabulary will find that daily reading of a newspaper is a worthwhile adjunct to actual vocabulary study. 任何想要扩大词汇量的人都会发现，每天阅读报纸对于实际的词汇学习是有价值的辅助手段。 [搭] adjunct professor 兼职教授，副教授 [近] affiliated The Affiliated High School of Peking University 北京大学附属中学
conjunction
/kənˈdʒʌŋkʃən/ n. 结合；连接词 【con 共同+junct+ion→共同连上→结合】
[搭] in conjunction with 连同，共同；与…...协同 [例] Marshals are working in conjunction with NYPD on this. When they reach out to you, we expect your full cooperation. 法警和纽约警局正在联手办这个案子。如果他们找到你，请你尽全力协助。 *NYPD: New York City Police Department 纽约市警察局 Breakout Kings 脱狱之王
conjuncture
/kən'dʒʌŋktʃə/ n. (事情同时发生的)关头，危机时刻 【con 共同+juncture 连接点→所有事连到一起→关键时刻】
disjunction
/dɪsˈdʒʌŋkʃən/n. 分离；折断 【dis 分开+junction→连接分开→分离】
[例] There's often a huge disjunction between what people expect from computers and what they know about them, and the disjunction between a star's public image and her actual character may be just as big. 人们对电脑的期望和他们对电脑的了解之间往往存在巨大的脱节，明星的公众形象和她的实际角色之间的脱节可能也同样大。
[拓] character-setting trap 人设陷阱 virtue signalling 人设
injunction
/ɪnˈdʒʌŋkʃn/ n. 命令，禁止 【in 不+junction→不让连接→禁止令】
[搭] temporary injunction 临时禁令 permanent injunction 永久禁令
join
/dʒɔɪn/ v.参加；结合；连接 n.结合(点)
[例] Do you wanna join my focus group? 你愿意加入我的焦点小组吗？ * focus group = brainstorming 头脑风暴/集思广益 [近] join in take part in participate in attend [拓] join rush: the phenomenon where a large number or group of people join at the same time 同时有许多人或一群人加入的现象 [拓] Join the club! 彼此彼此；同样倒霉 I haven't got any money left this month. 我把这个月的钱都花光了。 Join the club! I have spent my last penny, too. 同病相怜！我也身无分文。 [近] combination connection coupling 配对 bond
joint
/dʒɔɪnt/ n.关节；连接 adj.联合的；共同的 【join 结合，连接+t→将身体的各个部分连接到一起 →关节】
[搭 1] out of joint 脱臼，脱位；混乱 case the joint (为日后行窃)踩点，踩道，探路 put sb's nose out of joint (冷落)使难堪；惹恼 My nose is a little out of joint. 我有点儿心烦。 [搭 2] joint venture 合资企业；联合经营 [例] The joint venture, in which Bytedance holds a 49% stake, will, among other things, develop technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI). Bytedance 持有该合资企业 49%的股份，除其他外，还将开发人工智能(AI)等技术。 [拓] joint account 联名账户 joint effort 共同的努力 joint statement 联合声明
adjoin
/əˈdʒɔɪn/ v.毗连；接壤 【ad 加强+join 结合，连接→紧密相连→毗连】
[例 1] Canada adjoins the United States of America. 加拿大毗邻美国。 [拓] be near some place be close to some place be adjacent to [拓] Canada is on the north of the U.S.A. Australia is to the south of China. Taiwan is in the southeast of China. [例 2] There are few harsher vistas of America's homelessness problem than this neighborhood, which adjoins a flourishing downtown and arts district. 在美国无家可归的问题上，没有什么比这个毗邻繁华市中心和艺术区的社区更严酷的前景了。 [拓] homeless/hobo 流浪汉 slum 贫民窟 Slumdog Millionaire 《贫民窟的百万富翁》
adjoining
/əˈdʒɔɪnɪŋ/ a. 毗邻的 【adjoin+ing】
rejoin
/ˌri'dʒɔɪn/ v.再结合；重聚 【re 再+join 结合，连接→重新连接→重聚】
[例] In a surprise move, Red Hot Chili Peppers have announced John Frusciante will rejoin the band after ten years away. 红辣椒乐队出人意料地宣布，离开十年的约翰·弗洛桑特将重新加入乐队。
enjoin
/ɪnˈdʒɔɪn/ v.命令；吩咐；禁止 【en 使+join 结合，连接→使结合→命令（加入）】
[搭] enjoin sb. from doing sth. （从法律上）阻止某人做某事 enjoin merchants from using the name Trump 阻止商家使用 Trump 这个名字 [拓] prevent sb. (from) doing sth. stop sb. (from) doing sth. keep sb. from doing sth.
41、rid, ris
= laugh, 表示“笑”
ridiculous
/rɪˈdɪkjələs/ a.可笑的 【rid+ic+ulous 多…的→多笑的→可笑的】
[例] Viewers appreciate that behind Luo Xiang's ridiculous stories and anecdotes is someone who reveres the sanctity of his profession. 观众们能领会到，在罗翔这些滑稽案例轶事的背后，站着一个对法律尊严充满敬畏的人。 the nefarious Zhang San 法外狂徒张三 [idiom] from the sublime to the ridiculous 从崇高到荒谬 【limelight 聚光灯/镁光灯】 used to describe a situation in which sth. serious, important or of high quality is followed by sth. silly, unimportant or of poor quality [拓] The Good Doctor 《良医》 -Is there something you're not telling me? -When we're in meetings together, don't ever call my ideas "Ridiculous". [辨] absurd vs ridiculous absurd: theatre of the absurd 荒诞剧场；荒诞派戏剧 ridiculous: Don't be ridiculous! You can't pay ￡50 for a T-shirt! 别犯傻了！怎么能花 50 英镑买一件 T 恤衫！
ridicule
/ˈrɪdɪˌkjul/ n.嘲笑；奚落 v.嘲笑 【rid+ic+ule】
[搭] to hold sb. up to ridicule (= make fun of sb. publicly) 公然取笑某人 [近] mockery: The trial made a mockery of justice. 这次审判是对正义的嘲弄。 scoff: At first I scoffed at the notion. 刚开始时我对那种想法嗤之以鼻。 *mock/laugh at ab. [例] Strength is the real hard truth. If you are strong, people around you will flatter you. When you are weak, people around you will not only ridicule you, but also stay away from you. 实力才是真正的硬道理。你强，身边的人都会巴结你。你弱，身边的人不仅会嘲讽你，还会远离你。
deride
/dɪˈraɪd/ v.嘲笑 【de 向下+ride→贬低的笑→嘲笑】
[搭] deride sb./sth. (as sth.) 嘲笑......为...... deride and taunt 讥笑责骂 *deride you as a coward/sluggard 嘲笑你是个懦夫/懒汉 [拓] self-mockery 自嘲 *Watermelon-Eating Masses 吃瓜群众 The phrase is often used to express people's self-mockery and to show that the thing has nothing to do with them.
derisive
/dɪˈraɪsɪv/ a.嘲笑的；可笑的 【de+ris+ive】
[搭] derisive laughter 嘲笑 *punchline 笑料 [例] It's been so long that I can now explain the whole thing to you in a calm and even slightly derisive manner. 这时间长到我现在已经可以用完全平静甚至略带调侃的语气来和大家交代整件事情。 *time management 时间管理
risible
/ˈrɪzəbəl/ a.爱笑的 【ris+ible 能笑的→爱笑的】
[搭] risible muscles 笑肌 risible eyes 爱笑的眼睛
risibility
/ˌrɪzə'bɪlətɪ/ n.爱笑，能笑；幽默感 【risible+ility】
[拓] funny bone/ crazy bone 肘的尺骨端，幽默感
42、ment
= mind, 表示“思考，神智”
mental
/ˈmentl/ a.精神的；疯狂的 【ment+al→精神的】
[搭] mental addiction 心理上瘾（中毒） mental habit 心理习惯 * be addicted to [拓] instant gratification 即刻满足 delayed gratification 延迟满足 [例 1] Homosexuality was illegal before 1997 and classified as a mental illness until 2001. 1997 年前，同性恋行为属违法；2001 年前，同性恋被视为一种“精神疾病”。 *mental health 精神健康 gay/same-sex marriage 同性婚姻 [拓] homosexual 同性恋的 heterosexual 异性恋的，异性恋者 bisexual 双性恋的，双性恋 the legislation of same-sex marriage 同性婚姻合法化 open debate 公开辩论 [例 2] Being broke is a temporary situation. Being poor is a mental state. 破产是一个暂时的处境。贫穷是一种心理状态。 [拓] A man with material poverty could turn from zero to hero overnight, but a man with poor taste of mind may always be considered as nobody even if he becomes somebody. 物质屌丝一夜逆袭，精神屌丝永不翻身。 [近] psychological [反] physical 肉体的；身体的 [搭] go mental 发疯，气疯 (=go mad/crazy/nuts) [拓] 有关“疯狂” She's driving me bananas. 她让我发疯。 I was nuts about him. 我非常迷恋他。 [拓] One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest《飞越疯人院》 * Cuckoo /ˈkʊk.uː/ 布谷鸟
mentality
/menˈtæləti/ n.心态，思维方式 【mental+ity 名词后缀→心态】
[搭] a get-rich-quick mentality 一夜暴富的心态 Mamba Mentality 曼巴精神
mention
/ˈmenʃn/ v./n.提到，提及 【ment+ion→有思考→想到，提到】
[口] Now that you mention it, … 既然你说到这件事，…… [例 1] Now that you mention it, she did seem to be in a strange mood. 既然你说到这事儿，她确实好像情绪不大对。 * in a mood: 心情不好 [Idioms] not to mention + sth./of doing sth. 更不用说 Don't mention it.(=You're welcome) 不客气 [例 2] Not to mention built-on advantages, hard-work and self-control make sure that the beauty happens all the lifetime in the different way. 老天赏脸不算什么，后天努力+节制，方能各阶段美得不重样。 [例 3] You were mentioned. 有人@你。 [搭 1] make mention of 提及 [近] refer to [搭 2] sb. deserves a special mention 特别鸣谢某人
comment
/ˈkɑːment/ n./v.评论 【com 共同+ment→共同评论→思考】
[例 1] You're not supposed to comment on people's weight. That's very rude. 你不应该评论别人的体重。这很没有礼貌。 [例 2] Your comment is really a Monday morning quarterback. 你的评论真是个马后炮。 * Monday morning quarterback(四分卫) 比喻"自作聪明，事后才发表真知灼见的事后诸葛亮 [近] remark 评论 observation 观察
remind
/rɪˈmaɪnd/ v.提醒，使想起 【re+mind[=ment]→再次思考→提醒】
[例] - Stop trying to charm your way back into my heart. It won't work. - Now, you see, I think you've forgotten how much fun we have together. And I am determined to remind you. —Why Women Kill 《致命女人》 [搭] 提醒某人某事 remind sb. that… remind sb. about/of sth. *warn/cure/inform/rob sb. of sth.
reminder
/rɪˈmaɪndər/ n.暗示；提醒的人或事 【remind+er】
[搭] kind/warm reminder 温馨提示
43、memor
= memory, 表示“记忆”
memory
/ˈmeməri/ n.记忆，记忆力 【memor+y】
[例] Man is the only animal capable of reasoning, though many others possess the faculty of memory and instruction in common with him. —Aristotle 人类是唯一有推理能力的动物，尽管其他许多动物与人类一样具有记忆和教育的能力。 [近] recollection [搭] if (my) memory serves me well/correctly =to the best of my collection =if I remember correctly 如果我没有记错的话 [口] Oh, my poor memory! 噢，我记性可真差! I had a bad memory. (= I had a bad experience.)我有一段不好的经历。 [搭] in memory of sb./to the memory of sb. 纪念某人 jog one's memory about/of sth. 唤起某人对某事的记忆 [僻] a memory card 存储卡 Secure Digital Memory Card SD 卡 muscle memory 肌肉记忆 [例] The most critical lesson that people learned from history is the memory loss. If introspection is not made thoroughly, tragedy will come back again. 历史给人们最大的教训就是，人们根本记不住历史中的任何教训。若反思不彻底，则轮回不停休。
memorize
/ˈmeməraɪz/ v.记住，熟记 【memor+ize】
[例] Graduates chose aerial cameras to memorize their youth. 毕业生们选择用航拍记录下他们的青春。 [拓] UAV(unmanned aerial vehicle)/drone 无人机 aerial photo 航片 photo retouching 修图 [近] remember recall: recall crisis 召回危机 recollect
memorable
/ˈmemərəbl/ a.难忘的；值得纪念的 【memor+able】
[近] unforgettable [拓] Three key points of making a speech Emotional 情感 Novel 创新 Memorable 难忘
memorial
/məˈmɔːriəl/ a.纪念的，追悼的 n.纪念碑；纪念仪式 【memor+ial …的→纪念的】
[搭] the memorial service 葬礼 (= funeral) [搭] The Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders 侵华日军南京大屠杀遇难同胞纪念馆
immemorial
/ˌɪməˈmɔ:riəl/ a.远古的；无法追忆的 【im 不+memor+ial→不能记得的→远古的】
[搭] from time immemorial… 自古以来 [例] Everything written on them was unrepeatable since time immemorial and forever more, because races condemned to one hundred years of solitude did not have a second opportunity on earth. 这手稿上所写的事情过去不曾，将来也永远不会重复，因为命中注定要一百年处于孤独的世家决不会有出现在世上的第二次机会。（《百年孤独》结束语）
memorandum
/ˌmeməˈrændəm/ n.备忘录 【memor+andum 东西→[帮助]记的东西→备忘录】
[搭] memorandum= memo [搭 1] an internal memorandum/memo 内部备忘录 [搭 2] explanatory memorandum 说明书 [例] iPhone assembler Foxconn plans to cut 20 billion yuan in costs next year as it faces "a very difficult and competitive year,” according to an internal memo. 据内部备忘录称，iPhone 组装商富士康计划明年削减200 亿元的成本，因为它将面临“非常艰难并且激烈竞争的一年”。 [近] reminders/notes
commemorate
/kəˈmeməreɪt/ v.纪念 【com 共同+memor+ate→一起记→纪念】
[例] They reared a monument to commemorate the great musician. 他们建立起一座纪念碑，纪念这位伟大的音乐家。 [拓] Monument Valley 纪念碑谷 (an indie puzzle game)
commemorable
/kəˈmemərəbəl/ a.值得纪念的 【com+memor+able】
remember
/rɪˈmembə(r)/ v.回忆；记住 【re 再+member[=memor]→再记得→回忆；记住】
[搭] be remembered for sth./ be remembered as sth. 因某事而成名（或名留青史） [例] This crime case is remembered as a touchstone for the decline of polite society. 这起犯罪案件被认为是上流社会衰落的试金石。 [搭] remember me to sb. 代我问候某人 [例] Remember me to your parents. 代我向你的父母问好。
remembrance
/rɪˈmembrəns/ n.回忆；记住 【re+membr[=member]+ance】
[搭] in remembrance of 纪念；回忆…
44、put
= think, 表示“认为，思考”
compute
/kəmˈpjuːt/ v.计算 【com 一起+pute→放到一起[想]→计算，思考】
[搭] beyond compute 不可计量，难以估计 [近] calculate: by using arithmetic, mathematics, or a special machine calculate on sb./sth. 指望某人/某事 count: determine the total number of (a collection of items) count sheep 数羊以求入睡 *count on sb. 指望某人 reckon: sth. is calculated to be roughly that amount His debts were reckoned at ￡300，000. 他的债务估计有 30 万英镑。
computable
/kəm'pjutəbl/ a.计算得出的 【compute+able】
[例] The lose is computable. 损失是可以计算的。
computer
/kəmˈpjuːtər/ n.计算机 【compute+er】
[搭] computer buff 电脑迷 computer crashes 电脑死机 *techie 电脑通，电脑迷 reboot 重启 boot up 开机 [拓] operating system 操作系统 *I don't like the IOS operating system. I'm more of a Windows guy. 我不喜欢 IOS 操作系统。我更喜欢 Windows。 back up your files 备份文件 cut and paste 剪切、粘贴
dispute
/dɪˈspjut/ n.争端；纠纷 v.争论；反驳 【dis 分开+pute→分开思考，各抒己见→争论】
[搭 1] dispute between A and B A 与 B 之间的争端 dispute over/about sth. 有关某事的争议 [搭 2] in dispute 在争议中 beyond dispute 不容争辩，毋庸置疑 open to dispute 未确定的 [拓] to have the upper hand 占上风 mediate a dispute/smooth things over 打圆场 bury the hatchet (make peace, agree to end a dispute) 和解；停战；言归于好；捐弃前嫌 [近] argue: give reasons or cite evidence in support of an idea, action argue the toss 对已成定局的事加以争论 quarrel: have an angry argument or disagreement debate: argue about a subject, especially in a formal manner under debate 讨论中，争论中
disputable
/dɪˈspjutəbəl/ a.有争议的 【dispute+able】
[反] indisputable 无可争辩的
disputatious
/ˌdɪspjʊ'teɪʃəs/ a.好争论的 【dispute 反驳+atious→喜欢反驳的】
· inclined or showing an inclination to dispute or disagree, even to engage in law suits [搭] a disputatious lawyer 好辩的律师
impute
/ɪmˈpjuːt/ v.归咎于 【im 进+pute→把…放进思考中→归因于】
[搭] impute sth. to sb./sth. 把某事归咎于某人/某事 *charge upon 归咎于 charge sb. with sth. 因某事而控告某人 be charged with neglecting his duty 因玩忽职守而被指控
repute
/rɪˈpjuːt/ n.名声，名誉 【re 再+pute→再让人想起的东西→名声】
[搭] of (some) repute 有一定知名度 【偏褒义】
reputation
/ˌrepjuˈteɪʃn/ n.名声 【re+put+ation】
[搭] have a good/bad reputation 有好/坏名声 【中性词】 *disrepute 坏名声
45、mod
= mode, manner, 表示“方式，模式，风度”
modest
/ˈmɑːdɪst/ a.谦虚的；适度的；些许的 【mod+est→做事有风度→礼貌的】
[反] insolent /ˈ ɪnsələnt/ a. 傲慢的，无礼的 [例] Some are made modest by great praise, others insolent. But actually, this is the hardest of all: to close the open hand out of love, and keep modest as a giver.—Friedrich Nietzsche 洋溢的赞美让一些人变得谦虚，却让另一些人变得傲慢。而最难做到的其实是：因爱而合上本想张开的双手，施与并低下高昂起的头颅。 ——弗里德里希·尼采 [反] gorgeous a.华丽的 [例] Less is more; modest is gorgeous. 少即是多，适度即华丽。 not very large, expensive, important, etc. 些许的，不太大（或太贵、太重要等）的 [搭] modest improvement/reform 不太显著的改进/改革 a modest building 一栋不起眼的建筑
modesty
/ˈmɑːdəsti/ n.谦虚；朴素，庄重 【modest+y】
[反] boast n./v.自夸，吹嘘 [例] Pretend modesty often is nonsense, sometimes just is the beat-around-the-bush boast. 假装谦虚往往就是信口开河，有时候简直是拐弯抹角的自夸。 [近] humility n.谦卑，谦逊 [例] Chinese culture values modesty and humility, where openly seeking and giving praise is uncommon. 中国文化重视朴素和谦逊，公开寻求赞美和公开给予表扬都是很少见的。
moderate
/ˈmɑːdərət/ a.适度的，温和的 【moder[=mod]+ate→做事有风度→适度的】
*low→moderate→high 低-中-高 [搭] moderate price 价格公道 expensive price 【错误表达】 high price 【正确表达】 *mild→moderate→major 轻度-中度-重度 [搭] mild-to-moderate depression 轻度到中度抑郁 *light→moderate→heavy 轻度-中度-重度 [搭] moderate rain 中雨 [搭] moderate views 温和的见解 [拓] middle-of-the-road 中间派对的，温和派的 left-wing/red/radical 偏左的，激进的 right-wing/black/conventional 偏右的，保守的 [例] -How much do you have in savings? -A fair amount, like a moderately successful dentist. -你有多少存款？ -不多不少吧，和一个干得还不错的牙医差不多。 Free Solo 《徒手攀岩》 [近] restrained calm [反] immoderate
remodel
/ˌriːˈmɑːdl/ v.改变…的结构（或形状） 【re 再+mod+el→再造模型→改形】
[例] More often than not, you find out your way and remodel yourself by carefully listening to the stories of these models in the very first place. 绝大多数情况下，要找到属于自己的方式并重塑自己，总是最先从听榜样的故事开始。 WeLearn 520 高分盛典
modify
/ˈmɑːdɪfaɪ/ v.稍做修改，使更适应 【mod+ify→规范化→修改】
[例] The app we use has been modified for us. 我们使用的软件已按我们的需要做过修改。 [搭] GM food=genetically modified food转基因食物
accommodate
/əˈkɑːmədeɪt/ v.提供住宿，容纳；适应 【ac+com 共同+mod+ate→方式相同→与…符合】
[搭] accommodate sb. 给某人提供住宿，容纳某人 [近] contain/hold [搭] accommodate one's needs/demands 迎合、适应某人的要求 [例] It was a lot of work to accommodate you in my life. 适应你出现在我日常生活中，可花了我不少功夫。 [拓] accommodating a.乐于助人的 accommodation n.住处
commodity
/kəˈmɑːdəti/ n.商品，货物，日用品 【com+mod+ity→有共同模式的东西→商品】
[搭] international commodity trade 国际商品贸易 [例] This guy must think you're a pretty hot commodity. 他肯定觉得你的美貌值这个价。--《新飞跃比佛利》
outmoded
/ˌaʊtˈmoʊdɪd/ a.过时的 【out+mod+ed→模式出了时代→过时的】
no longer fashionable or useful 过时的，已无用的 [例] Domestic brands – more established and previously considered outmoded brands such as White Rabbit and Pechoin are rebranding themselves to appeal to younger audiences. 国内品牌——成熟到甚至有些过时的品牌，如大白兔和百雀羚，正在重塑自己的品牌， [拓] Guochao 国潮 the resurgence of traditional style and cultural elements 传统风格和文化元素的复兴 *Renaissance 文艺复兴 [近] outdated out-of-date out-of-fashioned obsolete 过时的，废弃的
46、norm
= rule, 表示“规则，规范”
norm
/nɔːrm/ n. 规范，行为准则 【sacri 神圣+fic+e→(甘愿)做神圣的事→牺牲】
[搭] a departure from the norm 一反常态 social/cultural norms 社会/文化规范 [近] rule criterion 评判标准 quota [例] Older parents seem to be the norm rather than the exception nowadays. 生育较晚的大龄父母在今天似乎成了常事，而不是个例。 * natality=birth/fertility rate 生产率 [拓] DINK(Double Income, No Kids) 丁克 childless couple 不生育者 child-free section 不允许儿童进入的区域 tax-free zone 免税区 smoke-free zone 无烟区
normal
/ˈnɔːrml/ a. 正常的，一般的 【norm+al…的→有规范的→正常的】
[搭] in/under normal circumstances 在一般情况下 in the normal course of events 通常…… [近] ordinary: ordinary life 平静如水的生活 common: common sense 常识 [例] You don't win champions by just being normal, by just being average. —Bill Walton 若只以普通人或平凡人自居，你是无法赢得冠军的。 [拓] normal university 师范大学 East China Normal University (ECNU) 华东师范大学
normally
/ˈnɔːrməli/ ad. 一般地，通常地 【normal+ly】
abnormal
/æbˈnɔːrml/ a. 异常的，反常的 【ab 相反+normal→不正常的】
ab-: absent 缺席的 [搭] abnormal behavior 异常行为 abnormal condition 异常情况 [例] All passengers need to wear masks and receive a body temperature measurement.Those who are found to have an abnormal body temperature will get further checks and disinfection. 所有乘客都需要戴口罩、接受体温测量。发现体温异常的人将接受进一步的检查和消毒。 [拓] thermometer 温度计 infrared thermometer 红外线测温仪 AI fever screening system 人工智能发热检测系统 * break wind 放屁 infrastructure 基础设施
subnormal
/ˌsʌbˈnɔːrml/ a. 低于标准的，低能的 【sub 在下面+normal 正常的】
sub-: subway [搭] subnormal intelligence 低于正常的智力 educationally subnormal children 学习能力低下的儿童 [近] feeble-minded a.低能的，迟钝的 [例] Aunt Marge started voicing the opinion that Harry was mentally subnormal. —Harry Potter And The Prisoner of Azkaban Marge 姑妈开始大声谈论 Harry 智力低下了。——《哈利·波特与阿兹卡班的囚徒》 [拓] We've all got both light and dark inside of us. What matters is the part we choose to act on. 每个人内心都有光明和黑暗的一面，重要的是我们选择做哪一种人。
transnormal
/træns'nɔməl/ a. 超常规的，异常的 【trans 超+normal 正常的】
[搭] the transnormal development of higher education 高等教育大众化的超常规发展
enormous
/ɪˈnɔːrməs/ a. 巨大的 【e 出+norm+ous…的→超出标准的→巨大的】
[搭] an enormous amount of time 大量的时间 enormous interest 浓厚的兴趣 enormous cost 巨大的代价 [近] immense/giant/huge/massive [反] tiny/minute [例] Kobe Bryant is gone, but from now on, whenever this city is facing an enormous challenge, his spirit will live. (Los Angeles Times Feb 21, 2020) 科比走了，但是从现在开始，每当这个城市面临巨大的挑战时，他的精神都会活下来。 Mamba out. Mamba in. Mamba mentality forever.
enormously
/ɪˈnɔːrməsli/ ad. 非常地，极其 【enormous+ly】
[近] extremely [例] Human emotions are enormously tilted towards social situations. 人类情绪与环境密切相关。
enormity
/ɪˈnɔːrməti/ n. 深远影响；严重性；艰巨性 【e+norm+ity】
[搭] the enormity of sth the enormity of the climate change challenge 气候变化挑战的艰巨性 the enormity of the disaster 灾难带来的严重恶果
47、archy
= ruler, rule, chief, 表示“统治者，统治，主要的”
anarchy
/ˈænərki/ n.无政府状态；混乱 【an 无+archy 统治→无政府状态】
Sex Pistols - Anarchy In The UK God Save The Queen · absence of government and absolute freedom of the individual, regarded as a political ideal [近] chaos: complete disorder and confusion in chaos 混乱；一片狼藉 economic/political chaos 经济/政治的混乱 disorder: nervous disorder 神经紊乱，神经失调 depressive disorder / depression 抑郁症 [例] The Internet is the first thing that humanity has built that humanity doesn't understand, the largest experiment in anarchy that we have ever had. ― Eric Schmidt (Google's former CEO) 网络是人类首次建立的自身所无法驾驭的东西，也是人类迈向混乱状态的危险之举。
anarchic
/əˈnɑːrkɪk/ a.无政府主义的 【an 无+arch 统治者+ic …的→无统治者的→无政府主义的】
[例] School violence is a behavior that being anarchic and destructive to school's stability and learning environment. 校园暴力是一种无政府的破坏校园安定和学生学习环境的行径。
anarchism
/ˈænərkɪzəm/ n.无政府主义 【an 不，无+arch 统治+ism 表主义→无统治→无政府主义】
[拓] egoism 利己主义 feminism 女权主义 male chauvinism / patriarchy 男权主义 The Desert Flower 《沙漠之花》
patriarch
/ˈpeɪtriɑːrk/ n.家长；族长 【patri 父亲+arch→父亲统治→家长】
matriarch matriarchy [拓] Macao's casino patriarch Stanley Ho Hung-sun 澳门 "赌王" 何鸿燊 casino/gambling house 赌场 Life is a big gamble. 人生就是一场豪赌。 The Wolf of Wall Street 《华尔街之狼》
architect
/ˈɑːrkɪtekt/ n.建筑师；设计师 【arch 主要的+i+tect 建筑→建筑者的首领→建筑师】
[搭] chief architect 总建筑师 landscape architect 景观设计师 Inception《盗梦空间》 [近] designer: fashion/jewelry designer 时装/珠宝设计师 creator: the creator 造物主 *Man proposes, God disposes. 谋事在人，成事在天。
architecture
/ˈɑːrkɪtektʃər/ n.建筑学；建筑；结构 【architect 建筑师+ure 与行为有关之物→建筑学】
[搭] disruption of sleep architecture 破坏睡眠结构 sleep paralysis 鬼压床 (睡眠瘫痪) [例] To provide meaningful architecture is not to parody history but to articulate it. 造一座经典的建筑不是为了拙劣地重现历史，而是为了传承和延续它！
48、creed, cred
= believe, trust, 表示“相信，信任”
credit
/ˈkredɪt/ n.信任；学分；赞扬 v.贷记；归功于 【cred 相信+it→信任】
[搭] on credit 赊账 do sb. credit / do credit to sb. 使值得赞扬（或表扬） [例 1] Your honesty does you great credit. 你的诚实值得大大表扬。 [例 2] His popularity is largely credited to his self-deprecating humor. 他受欢迎很大程度上源于他的自黑式幽默。 *self-deprecating (a.)/self-mockery (n.) 自黑 Most stand-up comedians are good at self-mockery. 多数脱口秀演员都擅长自黑。 Roast 《吐槽大会》 roast: (informal) criticize severely or ridicule without mercy *diss 怼 joke 段子 comeback 回击
creditable
/ˈkredɪtəbl/ a.可信任的；值得称赞的 【credit 相信+able 能…的→可信任的】
[搭] creditable marketing 信用营销 *reputational risk 声誉风险 live streaming 直播
credible
/ˈkredəbl/ a.可靠的；可信的 【cred 相信+ible 能…的→可信的】
[例] It is just not credible that she would cheat. 她会行骗简直难以置信。 [拓] Blindspot 《盲点》 In cases this old, credible testimony is the biggest weapon we have. We just couldn't find enough victims to come forward, and the ones who did...weren't credible.
accredit
/əˈkredɪt/ v.把……归于；委任；信任 【ac 加强+credit 信任→委任】
[例] The discovery of distillation is usually accredited to the Arabs. 蒸馏法通常被认为是阿拉伯人发明的。 *patent 专利 trademark infringement 商标侵权 [近] empower: to give sb. the power or authority to do sth. empower teams 团队赋能 authorize: to give official permission for sb. to do sth. authorize operation 授权经营
discredit
/dɪsˈkredɪt/ v.不信任；怀疑 n.名誉丧失 【dis 不+credit 相信→不相信】
[搭] a discredited government 名誉扫地的政府 [例] Don't be a discredit to us. 别给大伙儿丢脸！
creed
/kriːd/ n.信条；纲领 【creed 相信→信条】
[拓] Philadelphia 《费城故事》 In this courtroom, justice is blind to matters of race, creed, color, religion and sexual orientation. 在此法庭，不论种族、教义、肤色、宗教及性取向，法律面前，人人平等。 [拓] No one is above the law. 天子犯法与庶民同罪。 beat the rap=escape from punishment 逃脱惩罚 Beat it —Michael Jackson
credential
/krəˈdenʃl/ n.凭据；国书 【cred 相信+ent+ial …的→让人相信的东西→凭据】
[例] Once the credential expires, the server asks the client for a fresh connection. 在凭据过期之后，服务器将请求客户端进行一次新的连接。 [近] certificate: prove that the facts it states are true a birth certificate 出生证明 testimonial: testify to someone's character and qualifications a glowing testimonial 充满赞誉的推荐信
credence
/ˈkriːdns/ n.相信，信用；可信性 【cred 相信，信任+ence 表行为→相信】
[例] I don't give any credence to these rumors. 我一点都不相信这些谣言。 *sheer nonsense 一派胡言，无稽之谈
credulous
/ˈkredʒələs/ a.轻信的 【cred 相信+ulous 多…的→过分相信→轻信的】
[例] Man is a credulous animal, and must believe something; in the absence of good grounds for belief, he will be satisfied with bad ones. 人是轻信的动物，必须得相信点什么。如果这种信仰没有什么好的依据，糟糕的依据也能对付。 —— Bertrand Russell 伯特兰·罗素
incredulous
/ɪnˈkredʒələs/ a.怀疑的；不轻信的 【in 不+credulous 轻信的→不轻信的】
[搭] an incredulous look 怀疑的神色 *Friday face 神情疲惫，神色不佳 poker face 扑克脸，面无表情 [例] Then she and Miss Abbot stood with folded arms, looking darkly and doubtfully on my face, as incredulous of my sanity. 随后她和艾博特小姐抱臂而立，沉着脸，满腹狐疑地瞪着我，不相信我的神经还是正常似的。
incredulity
/ˌɪnkrəˈduːləti/ n.怀疑；不轻信 【in 不+cred 相信+ulity→不轻信】
[例] It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, ... 这是最好的时代，这是最坏的时代； 这是智慧的时代，这是愚蠢的时代； 这是信仰的时期，这是怀疑的时期；
49、celer
= quick, speed, 表示“快，速”
celerity
/səˈlerɪti/ n.快速；敏捷 【celer 快+ity 性质→快速】
[例] “Celerity is never more admired than by the negligent.” 因循观望的人，最善于惊叹他人的敏捷。（《安东尼与克里奥佩特拉》） *the visionary 远见卓识的人 [形近词] celebrity 名人；名声 *Internet celebrity / influencer / sensation 网红 fan economy 粉丝经济
accelerate
/əkˈseləreɪt/ v.加快；加速 【ac 加强+celer 快+ate→加速】
[例 1] The car accelerated towards her. 汽车加速朝她冲去。 [例 2] My order number is XXX, which was placed on XXX. I kindly request you to accelerate the processing. Thanks. 我的订单号是 XXX，X 月 X 日下单，请快点发货吧谢谢！ [拓] add to cart 加购 place an order 下单 negative comment/feedback 差评 returns and refunds 退货、退款
acceleration
/əkˌseləˈreɪʃn/ n.加速；加速度；促进 【ac 去+celer 迅速+ation→加速】
[搭] acceleration period 加速期 gravitational acceleration 重力加速度 [例] ''The Earth causes the same gravitational acceleration of everything.'' “世界一视同仁地给予了万物同样的重力加速度。” *lone star state=Texas 孤星州、德克萨斯
decelerate
/ˌdiːˈseləreɪt/ v.（使）减速；减缓 【de 降低，减少+celer 快，速+ate→（使）减速】
[例] Economic growth decelerated sharply in June. 六月份经济增长大幅度减缓。 [拓] Double 11 shopping carnival 双十一购物狂欢节 shopaholic 剁手党 slash prices 杀价，大减价 [近] slacken: make or become slack Most people slacken off at the end of a day's work. 大多数人在一天工作快结束时都会松懈下来。 brake: make a moving vehicle slow down or stop by using a brake an anti-lock braking system 防抱刹车系统
deceleration
/ˌdiːseləˈreɪʃn/ n.减速；制动 【de 向下+celer 快，速+ation→减速】
[搭] deceleration lane 减速车道 deceleration strip / speed bumps 减速带 *bump into sb. 偶遇某人
50、fus
= pour, 表示“流，泻”
confuse
/kənˈfjuːz/ v.混淆；使混乱 【con 共同+fus 流+e→流到一起→使混乱】
[搭] confuse A and/with B （将…）混淆，混同 [例] confuse right and wrong 混淆是非 *call white black/call black white 混淆是非 [拓] I'm not with you./You' ve lost me there. [what you have said has confused me] 我听不懂你在说什么。 [拓] fake smile boy 假笑男孩 (looking confused or showing his trademark uncomfortable smile) 一脸困惑、或是摆出标志性尴尬笑容
confusion
/kənˈfjuːʒn/ n.混淆，混乱；困惑 【confus(e)+ion】
[搭] in confusion 无秩序；混乱 =at sixes and sevens 混乱；乱七八糟 [例] Fighting had broken out and all was chaos and confusion. 战斗爆发了，一切都陷入了混乱不堪的状态。
diffuse
/dɪˈfjuːs/ v.扩散；传播 a.扩散的；冗长的 【dif 分开+fus 流+e→分流→散播】
[例] Technologies diffuse rapidly. 技术普及非常快。 [例] Two fundamentally different modes of thinking: the Focused and the Diffuse modes. 两种完全不同的思考模式：专注模式和发散模式。
diffusion
/dɪˈfjuːʒn/ n.扩散，传播；[光] 漫射 【diffus(e)+ion】
[搭] heat diffusion 导热；热扩散
effuse
/ɪ'fjʊs/ v.流出；涌出 【ef 出+fus 流+e→流出】
[例] The town effuses warmth and hospitality. 这个小镇洋溢着热情好客的氛围。 [辨析] hospitality/hostility
effusive
/ɪˈfjuːsɪv/ a.流出的；感情横溢的 【ef 出+fus 流+ive→[感情]流出的】
[例] The team coach has taken every opportunity to heap effusive praise, calling him a "very good man". 教练极尽赞美之辞，称他为“非常好的人” 。
effusion
/ɪˈfjuːʒn/ n.【医】渗出；泻流 【effus(e)+ion】
infuse
/ɪnˈfjuːz/ v.注入，灌输 【in 进入+fuse→流进去→注入】
[搭] infuse A into/with B 使具有，注入（某特性） [例] Further into the future, augmented-reality (AR) devices are another AI-infused opportunity. 更远的将来，增强现实（AR）设备又将是一个基于 AI 的发展机会。 *Pokemon Go 精灵宝可梦
infusion
/ɪnˈfjuːʒn/ n.注入 【infus(e)+ion】
[搭] an infusion of sth. (into sth.) 注入；灌输 [例] The company needs an infusion of new blood. 公司需要吸收新人。 [例] capital infusion 资本输入；扩充资本
profuse
/prəˈfjuːs/ a.丰富的；浪费的 【pro 向前+fuse→向前流→表示充足，丰富的】
【pro 向前+fuse→向前流→表示充足，丰富的】 [例] profuse apologies=to apologize profusely 连连道歉 profuse bleeding=to bleed profusely 血流如注 [例] Mrs. Bennet was profuse in her acknowledgments. 班纳特太太连声道谢。 Pride and Prejudice《傲慢与偏见》 [近] abundant numerous plenty
profusion
/prəˈfjuʒən/ n.丰富；豪爽 【profus(e)+ion】
[搭] in profusion 丰富地，大量地 =in abundance
refuse
/ri'fjʊz/ v.拒绝 【re 回+fuse→向回流→拒绝】
[搭] refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 refuse sth. 拒绝某事 [例] refuse to move after taking other people's seat 霸座 basic moral principles 道德底线 human conscience 人性良知
refute
/rɪˈfjuːt/ v./n.反驳，驳斥 【re 反+fute[=fuse]→反流→反驳】
[搭] to refute an argument/a theory, etc. 驳斥一个论点、理论等 [例] Some celebrities have even to refute particular rumors in person. 一些名人甚至亲自驳斥了某些谣言。 [拓] The furthest distance in the world Is not between life and death But when I stand in front of you Yet you don't know that I love you Tagore 泰戈尔
51、merg, mers
= sink, 表示“沉，没”
merge
/mɜːrdʒ/ v.合并，融合 【merg 沉，没+e→沉下→融为一体→合并】
[搭] merge into/with 合并，结合，并入 [例] Hundreds of other bills that didn't get prioritized are likely dead for the year, unless lawmakers merge them into other legislation. 数百项没有被列为优先事项的法案很可能会在今年失效，除非议员们把它们合并到其他立法中。
merger
/ˈmɜːrdʒər/ n.(企业等)合并，并购 【merg(e)+er】
[搭] a merger between the two banks 两家银行的合并 Mergers and Acquisitions(M&A) 企业并购 [例] An Uber spokesman said its mergers and acquisitions strategy was "ours and ours alone." 优步的一位发言人表示，优步的并购战略是“我们的，也只能属于我们”。
emerge
/ɪˈmɜːrdʒ/ v.浮现，出现；显露 【e 出+merg+e→沉的东西出现→浮现】
[搭] emerge as a major talent 涌现为主要人才 [搭] sb. emerges from sth. a xxx person 某人从…的困境中走出来后变成了一个…的人 She emerged from the divorce a stronger person. 她从离婚的阴影中走出来后变成了一个更加坚强的人。 [例] A child who has overcome challenges with proper emotional support will emerge stronger. —Kate Middleton 有了恰到好处的情感支持，孩子在克服困难之后会变得更坚强。 * Duchess of Cambridge 剑桥公爵夫人
emerging
/ɪ'mɜːrdʒɪŋ/ a.新兴的 【emerg(e)+ing】
[搭] the country's emerging oil industry 该国新兴的石油工业
emergence
/ɪˈmɜːrdʒəns/ n.浮现，出现 【emerg(e)+ence】
[搭] with the emergence of ... 随着...的出现 [例] With the emergence of digital health there is the potential for daily monitoring of disease activity and progression. 随着数字健康的出现，对疾病活动和进展进行日常监测变得有可能了。
emergency
/ɪˈmɜːrdʒənsi/ n.紧急情况；突发事件 【emerg(e)+ency→[突然]出现的事情】
[搭] emergency department 急诊科 a public health emergency 突发公共卫生事件 [拓] Grey's Anatomy 《实习医生格蕾》 “As you know, the honor of performing the first surgery is reserved for the intern that shows the most promise.” 如你所知，做第一个手术所带来的荣誉能充分证明实习医生的实力。
immerse
/ɪˈmɜːrs/ v.沉浸 【im 进入+mers+e→沉进去→沉浸】
[搭] immerse in / immerse oneself/sb. in sth. 全神贯注于，专心于 [例] How rare it is to see a child immersed in a book, instead of glued to a phone. 看到一个孩子沉浸在一本书中而不是粘在电话上，这是多么难得的一件事啊！ [拓] 形容沉迷于手机的词语 smombie (smartphone+zombie) devorce (device+divorce) phubbing (phone+snubbing) [近] concentrate/absorb/engross/preoccupy be wrapped up in be all attention with all one's mind
immersion
/ɪˈmɜːrʒn/ n.沉浸；陷入；专心 【immers(e)+ion】
[例] From the physical point of view, hot foot bath is an immersion therapy. 从理疗学的观点看，热水洗脚是一种浸浴疗法。 [拓] “养生” v. to nurture one's health (for longevity) n. health-nurturing practices
submerge
/səbˈmɜːrdʒ/ v.潜入水中；淹没；湮灭 【sub 在下面+merge→沉到下面去】
[例] The floods submerged streets in low-lying areas. 洪水淹没了低洼地区的街道。 [例] You drown not by falling into a river, but by staying submerged in it.—Paulo Coelho 掉进水里不会淹死，一直待在水里才会。 * The Alchemist《牧羊少年奇幻之旅》
submerged
/səbˈmɜːrdʒd/ a.水下的，在水中的 【submerg(e)+ed】
submersible
/səbˈmɜːrsəbl/ a.能潜水的 【sub在下面+mers+ible 能…的→能沉入水下的】
[搭] a submersible camera 水下摄影机 a submersible vehicle (= submarine) 潜水艇
52、laps
= slip, 表示“滑，滑走”
lapse
/læ ps/ v.（时间）流逝；（合同、协议等）失效 n.疏忽，失误
[例] time-lapse photography 延时摄影 [搭] lapse into sth. 陷入某种状态或行为方式 [例] Many students lapse into idleness during the winter vacation. 许多同学在寒假期间过着躺尸的生活。 [搭] a lapse in judgement 判断失误 a lapse in focus 分心
lapsed
/læ pst/ a.丧失的；坍塌的；破产的 【laps+ed→时间滑过去了→丧失的】
[搭] a lapsed investment bank 破产的投资银行 *bankrupt a.倒闭的，破产的 fold v.倒闭 out of business 破产 shut down 关门
collapse
/kəˈlæps/ v./n.倒塌；突然失败 【col 共同+lapse→全部滑下→倒塌】
[例] When Ponzi schemes run short of new contributions, they collapse. 当新资金枯竭时，庞氏骗局便会败露崩溃。 [拓] pyramid schemes 金字塔骗局 investment fraud 投资诈骗 underground/illegal banks 地下钱庄 usury 高利贷 [拓] Great Collapse An event that some people think will happen in the future where all or most of civilization will collapse because of over population, using up of resources, deforestation etc. 一些人认为未来会发生的一件大事——所有或大部分文明都会因为人口过剩、资源耗尽、森林滥伐等而崩塌。
elapse
/ɪˈlæps/ v.（时间）消逝，流逝 【e 出+lapse→滑出去→时光流出】
[例] Time can elapse, but lost culture relics won't come back. 时间可以流逝，但失去的文物不会再回来。 This edifice, as enormous as a city, had been built by the centuries, for whom? For the peoples. For the work of time belongs to man. —Victor Hugo 这座大得犹如一座城市的建筑物是世世代代的结晶，它为谁而建？ 为了各国人民。因为，岁月创造的一切都是属于人类的。 ——维克多·雨果
53、cad, cas, cid
= fall, 表示“落下，降临”
casual
/ˈkæʒuəl/ a.临时的；随意的 【cas+ual→降临的→不是安排好的→偶然的】
[搭 1] casual workers/labour 临时工；零工 temporary staff 临时工 [搭 2] casual clothes/wear 休闲服；便装 *plain-clothes policemen 便衣刑警
casually
/ˈkæʒuəli/ ad.偶然地；随便地 【casual+ly→偶然地】
[近] by chance/accident 碰巧地
casualty
/ˈkæʒuəlti/ n.事故；伤亡；急诊室 【casual+ty→[突然]落下的事→事故】
[搭 1] casualty insurance 不幸事故保险 [搭 2] suffer heavy casualties 伤亡惨重 [同] = emergency room ICU: Intensive Care Unit 重症加强护理病房 [拓] emergency treatment 抢救 medical malpractice/accident 医疗事故 artificial respiration 人工呼吸 kinsfolk/relatives 亲属
occasion
/əˈkeɪʒn/ n.时机；场合 【oc 使＋cas 降临+ion→使...降临→发生】
[搭 1] on occasion (=at times) 偶尔；有时 [搭 2] rise to the occasion 应付自如；有应变之才 [例] Do not keep anything for a special occasion, because every day that you live is a special occasion. 不必为某一个特别的时刻而预留什么，因为你生活的每一天都如此特别。
accident
/ˈæksɪdənt/ n.事故；意外 【ac 加强+cid 降临+ent→突然降临→事故】
[搭 1] traffic accident 交通事故 [搭 2] by accident/chance 偶然；意外地 [例 1] This is the most accident-prone place in the city. 这是该市最容易发生事故的地方。 *black spot 事故多发地区 *be prone to= be apt to= tend to We human beings are apt to pose deeper questions about our origins and destinies. [例 2] Someone is accident-prone. 某人总是意外缠身。
accidental
/ˌæksɪˈdentl/ a.意外的；偶然的 【accident 事故+al→意外的】
coincide
/ˌkəʊɪnˈsaɪd/ v.巧合；同时发生 【co 共同+in 使… +cid 落下；降临+e→使一同降临→巧合】
[搭] coincide with sth./sb. （两件或更多的事情）同时发生 [例] He happened to coincide with you on this point. 在这一问题上，他与你不谋而合。 *Great minds think alike. 英雄所见略同。
coincidence
/kəʊˈɪnsɪdəns/ n.巧合，巧事 【coincid(e)+ence】
[口语] -You're dining alone? 你一个人吃饭吗？ -Actually, I am. 是的，没错。 -What a coincidence! So am I. Seems a shame for us to eat by ourselves. 真巧！我也是。一个人吃饭多没意思。 Desperate Housewives [搭] by coincidence 碰巧 by happy coincidence 幸运的是
incident
/ˈɪnsɪdənt/ n.偶然事件 【in 使…+cid 落下；降临+ent 表名词→使(突然)降临→偶然事件】
[例] The stampede is a public security accident instead of a working safety incident. 踩踏事故是一种公共安全事故，而不是工作安全事件。 12·31 上海外滩踩踏事件 *stampede: sudden wild rush or mass movement of people 突然的蜂拥或人群的移动
incidental
/ˌɪnsɪˈdentl/ a.附带发生的；次要的；非有意的 【incident+al】
incidental music配乐 incidental expenses： small costs that you get in connection with sth.
occident
/'ɒksɪdənt/ n.西方 【oc 使＋cid 落＋ent→使(太阳)落下→西方】
[拓] occidental a.西方(国家)的；欧美的 orient n.东方；东方国家 oriental a.东方(国家)的
decay
/dɪˈkeɪ/ n./v.衰退；腐败 【de 向下＋cay=落下→向下掉→衰退】
[搭] tooth decay 蛀牙 economic/moral/urban decay经济衰退/道德败坏/城市衰落 *urban decay 是一个美国彩妆品牌 [拓] cosmetics 化妆品 live stream 直播 beauty live stream 美妆直播 streamer 主播
54、lev, live
= raise, lighten, 表示“提高，举起，变轻”
levy
/ˈlevi/ v.征（税）n.征收额，税款 【lev＋y→提高［收入］→征税】
[例] Last year, Donald Trump first levied tariffs on China, the country still managed to increase its exports by 10%. 去年，唐纳德·特朗普首次对中国征收关税，中国的出口仍成功增长了 10%。 *levy a tax/charge/fine on sth. 对…征税 [拓] tax 税的总称 tariff 关税
alleviate
/əˈliːvieɪt/ v.减轻，缓和，缓解 【al 一再＋levi＋ate→不断变轻→减轻】
[例] Acupuncture is the practice of inserting needles into the skin to alleviate physical pain. 针灸是用针扎进皮肤来缓解身体上的痛苦。 [搭] alleviate problem/situation 缓和问题/局势 alleviate suffering[s] 缓解痛苦
relevant
/ˈreləvənt/ a.紧密相关的；有价值的 【re 再→lev+ant→再举起→有关的】
[例] Only when users are actively searching for food or restaurants, will Meituan makes relevant recommendations. 只有用户频繁搜索某些食物或餐馆时，美团才会做出相关推荐。 [拓] collect user's voice data 用户语音数据 provide targeted ads 提供精准推荐
irrelevant
/ɪˈreləvənt/ a.无关紧要的，不相关的 【ir 不＋relevant】
relieve
/rɪˈliːv/ v.解除，减轻，缓和 【re 再＋lieve→再轻→减轻】
[例] to send three same emojis continuously rather than one to relieve embarrassment 连发三个表情来挽救尴尬症，不要只来一个。 [拓] preferences for emojis： facepalm face with tears of joy toothy grin smiling face with hand over mouth giving a thumbs-up
relief
/rɪˈliːf/ n.轻松，解脱；减轻，消除 【re＋lief[=live]】
[例] When the movie was listed as "Certified Fresh" on Rotten Tomatoes, the director breathed a sign of relief. 当电影在烂番茄上被列为“认证新鲜”，导演就松了一口气。 [拓] movie review site 影评网站 a unique scoring system 一个独特评分系统 professional critics 专业影评人
elevate
/ˈelɪveɪt/ v.提升，举起；提拔，晋升 【e 出＋lev+ate→举出→升高】
[例] When you observe the luxury products, it is likely to drop your self-esteem, and as a result, you're more likely to compensate for that by buying the product, to elevate the self-esteem. 当你看到奢侈的产品时，它有可能降低你的自尊心。于是，你很可能会出于补偿心理购买该产品，从而提升你的自尊心。 [拓] the dama economy 大妈经济 purchasing power of Chinese people 中国人的购买力
elevator
/ˈelɪveɪtər/ n.电梯 【elevat[e]+or】
[美] elevator [英] lift 地铁： [美] subway [英] underground [其他地区] metro
lever
/ˈlevər/ n.杠杆 v.用杠杆撬动 【lev+er→举起[重东西]的东西→杠杆】
[例] The term "lever women" refers to wives or girlfriends who play their advantages to the full to help their husbands or boyfriends succeed in careers. “杠杆女”指充分发挥自己的优势和特长帮助老公或男友在事业上取得成功的女性。 [拓] Trophy wife 花瓶老婆 Alpha-wives: prime "breadwinners" at home 阿尔法老婆（家里主要的经济支柱） *bread and butter n.主要收入来源，生计 bread-and-butter a.基本的，生计的
leverage
/ˈlevərɪdʒ/ n.手段，影响力；杠杆作用 v.利用…优势，用...筹码 【lever+age 状态；作用】
[搭] social leverage 社会影响力 financial leverage 金融杠杆 [例] Line can leverage a wide range of Yahoo services to become profitable. Line 可以借雅虎的众多服务实现盈利。 [拓] merger 合并 monetize user base 用户资源变现 SoftBank 软银
levitate
/ˈlevɪteɪt/ v.使轻轻浮起，使漂浮在空中 【lev+itate→使东西举起→升到空中】
[拓] Levitate - Imagine Dragons 梦龙乐队 You' re my shooting star You make my heart ascend Just levitate, just levitate …… *Passengers 《太空旅客》 Chris Pratt 星爵 / Star Lord Jennifer Lawrence 大表姐
55、lect, lig
= choose, gather, 表示“选择，收集”
collect
/kəˈlekt/ v. 收集；募捐 【col 一起+lect→收到一起→收集】
[例 1] collect stamps/postcards 集邮；收藏明信片 [例 2] That guitar's been sitting collecting dust (= not being used) for years now. 那把吉他至今已尘封多年。 [搭] collect the package 取快递 fetch/take express delivery [拓] delivery guy/girl 快递小哥/小姐姐 locker 快递柜；储物柜 COD (cash on delivery) 货到付款
collection
/kəˈlekʃn/ n. 收集；收藏品 【collect+ion】
[拓] Show Lo's private collection 罗志祥的私家收藏
collective
/kəˈlektɪv/ a.集体的；集合的 【collect+ive→集中到一起→集体的】
[例] collective/common/shared prosperity 共同富裕
recollect
/ˌrekəˈlekt/ v.回想起；振作 【re 重新+collect→[记忆]重新集中→回想到】
[例] I tried hard to recollect what I saw just before the accident. 我苦苦追忆着出事前见到的一切。 [同] remember recall call up
recollection
/ˌrekəˈlekʃn/ n.回想，回忆 【recollect+ion】
elect
/ɪˈlekt/ v. 选举；选择 【e 出+lect→选出】
[例] As elected members of the legislature, elected representatives are expected to represent their voters in the process of lawmaking. 作为立法机关的民选成员，民选代表在立法过程中要代表他们的选民。
election
/ɪˈlekʃn/ n. 选举；当选；选择权 【elect+ion】
[搭] win/lose an election 在选举中获胜/失败 [同] In America, presidential elections are held every four years. *Americans elect a president every four years. 美国每四年选举一次总统。
electorate
/ɪˈlektərət/ n. 全体选民；选区 【elector 选举人+ate→全体选举人】
referendum 全民公投
neglect
/nɪˈɡlekt/ v.疏忽，轻视 【neg 没有+lect→没有选→疏忽】
[例] The buildings had been neglected for years. 这些大楼多年来一直无人看管。
negligence
/ˈneɡlɪdʒəns/ n.疏忽，轻视 【neg 没有+lig 选择+ence 名词→疏忽】
[搭] medical negligence 医疗事故 [搭] The doctor was sued for medical negligence. 这名医生因为引致医疗事故而被起诉。 [拓] Binge-watching has lead to negligence in many aspects. 连续刷剧导致我们疏忽了各方面的事情。 *binge-watching 无节制地、连续地看电视剧
select
/sɪˈlekt/ v.选择；挑选；选拔 【se 分开+lect 选择；收集→分开选→选出】
[搭] Top Selected Products 核心产品 [搭] select from... 从...中挑选/选拔 [例] The online shopper is able to select from a wide range of products from all over the world. 网店经营者可以从世界各地大范围地挑选商品。
selection
/sɪˈlekʃn/ n.选择，精选 【select+ion】
eligible
/ˈelɪdʒəbl/ a.合格的，有资格的 【e 出+lig+ibe→选出来的→合格的】
[搭 1] eligible for sth. 有资格... [搭 2] eligible to do sth. 有资格做...
elegant
/ˈelɪɡənt/ a.高雅的；美好的 【e 出+leg[=lig]+ant→选出的→好的，高雅的】
elegance
/ˈelɪɡəns/ n.优雅，漂亮 【elegant 的名词】
[例] She dresses with casual elegance. 她的穿着随意而不失雅致。
elite
/eɪˈliːt/ n.精英人物 【e 出+lite[=lig 选]→选出的[人物]→精英人物】
[例] They were, by and large, a very wealthy, privileged elite. 他们基本上是一些非常有钱有势的精英。 [拓] elitism 精英主义
56、opt
= choose, 表示“选择”
option
/ˈɑpʃən/ n.选择 【opt+ion】
[搭] the first option 最佳选择，第一选择 have no option but to 不得不，被迫，除…...之外别无他法 [idiom] keep/leave your options open 保留选择余地；暂不决定 the soft/easy option 轻松的选择；捷径（short cut） [例] When something bad happens, there's no point in wishing it had not happened. The only option is to minimise the damage. 当坏事已经发生时，再幻想它没有发生是毫无意义的，唯一的选择是使危害降到最小。 [近] choice: the freedom to choose what you do There is a wide range of choices open to you. 你有很大的选择余地。 alternative: something that you can choose to have or do out of two or more possibilities
optional
/ˈɑpʃənl/ a.可任意选择的 【option+al】
[搭] optional course 选修课 *compulsory course 必修课 pull all nighters / pull an all-nighter 熬通宵 harsh or tough grader/easy grader 打分严/松的老师 [例] Pain is inevitable. Suffering is optional. 痛苦不可避免，但你可以选择是否承受。 ——村上春树
adopt
/əˈdɑpt/ v.采纳；收养 【ad 增加+opt→通过选择增加→采纳】
[搭] adopt various methods 采取不同办法 adopted child 养子，养女 adopt a pet 收养宠物 *homeless dog 流浪狗 A Dog's Purpose [例 1] Specifically, people who eat larger breakfasts and adopt an 18-hour overnight fast, say from 1 pm to 7 am, have the lowest body weights. 具体而言，早餐吃得多、18 小时（下午 1 点-早上 7 点）空腹的人，体重指数最低。 [例 2] Please adopt the pace of Mother Nature: her secret is patience. 请接受大自然的节奏吧：她的秘密就是“慢慢来，比较快”！！ Slow is smooth, and smooth is fast.
adoptable
/əˈdɑptəbl/ a.可采纳的 【adopt+able】
adoptive
/əˈdɑptɪv/ a.采用的；有收养关系的 【adopt+ive】
[搭] adoptive parents 养父养母 *step-father/mother 继父继母 step-brother/sister 继父继母的孩子 half-brother/sister 同父异母/同母异父的兄弟姐妹 [例] Gay adoptive parents with a minority baby? 基佬养父母加上一个外籍宝宝？
57、alter
= other, to change, 表示“其他的，改变状态”
alter
/ˈɔːltər/ v.改变，更改；修改 【sacri 神圣+fic+e→(甘愿)做神圣的事→牺牲】
[例] Remember what should be remembered, and forget what should be forgotten. Alter what is changeable, and accept what is mutable. 记住该记住的，忘记该忘记的。改变能改变的，接受变幻无常的。 [例] Sheldon: I believe I would like to alter the paradigm of our relationship. 我想改变我俩的关系模式。 The Big Bang Theory [拓] have a thing for sb. 喜欢某人 have a crush on sb. 暗恋某人 confess one' s love 表白 I couldn' t live without you in my life. 没有你我简直不能生活。 [拓] alter ego 密友；个性的另一面；至交 * close friend / chum / buddy soulmate * egoistic 自我中心的 egoism 自我主义 【altruism 利他主义】【intimate 亲密的 intimacy 暧昧】
alterable
/ˈɔːltərəbl/ a.可改变的 【alter 其他的；改变状态+able 可…的→可改变的】
[近] changeable convertible [反] unalterable
alteration
/ˌɔːltəˈreɪʃn/ n.修改，改变；变更 【alter+ation 行为，表名词→改造，改变】
[搭] the gene alterations 基因突变 make alterations to 对...作改动 Sonnet 116 －by William Shakespeare Love is not love which alters when it alteration finds. ...... If this be error and upon me proved, I never writ, nor no man ever loved. 若能轻易变迁，这爱哪能说上是真爱？ 若我此言有差，就当我从未写诗，或者这世上从未有人爱过。
altercation
/ˌɔːltərˈkeɪʃn/ n.争论，争执 【alter+c+ation 表名词→彼此意见不同→争论】
[例] I heard you had an altercation in the can, but I don' t know. * the can 监狱 carry the can 承担责任；背黑锅 The Irishman 《爱尔兰人》 [同] difference conflict run-in 激烈冲突
altruistic
/ˌæltruˈɪstɪk/ a.利他的；无私心的 【altru[=alter]+ist …的人+ic …的→向着其他人的→利他的】
[例] Someone who is altruistic always puts others first. [搭] altruistic donations to hospitals and medical centers 供应给医院和医疗中心的无偿捐赠
alternate
/ˈɔːltərnət/ v.交替；轮流 n.替代者 【altern+ate 使…→用其他人(物)替代的→交替，轮流】
[例] Good times alternate with bad. 风水轮流转。(走好运与倒霉交替发生。) [例] In most jurisdictions, twelve jurors and two alternates are chosen. 在大多数审判中，会选出 12 名陪审员和 2 名替补人员。
alternative
/ɔːlˈtɜːrnətɪv/ n.供替代的选择 a.替代的 【altern+ative 有…性质的→交替(选择的方法)→二者择一】
[搭] have no alternative but 别无他法，唯有 * have no choice but to do [搭] alternative scheme 备用方案；替代方案 * Plan B B 计划 (备选方案) Swag: The new generation's alternative word for "cool". * Just keep your swag. 请保持你酷酷的风格。 This guy's got some swag. 这人挺有范儿的。 [搭] alternative rock band 另类摇滚乐队
alien
/ˈeɪliən/ a.外国的；异域的 n.外国人；外星人 【ali+en 表形容词或名词→其他地方的→外国的】
[搭] be alien from rock band 与…相异 * be dissimilar to/differ from [搭] invasive alien species 外来入侵物种 * Crazy Alien 《疯狂外星人》 [拓] Spring Festival blockbusters 春节档大片 self directed and acted 自导自演的 box office 票房
alienate
/ˈeɪliəneɪt/ v.使疏远，离间；格格不入 【alien 外国的，外来的+ate→把别人当外来的人→疏远】
[搭] alienate from rock band 使疏远；隔离 * disaffect/estrange [例] TV and the Internet have alienated people from their friends, since nowadays people lack face-to-face communication with friends. 电视和互联网使人们与朋友疏远了，因为现在人们缺乏与朋友面对面的交流。
58、mut
= change, 表示“改变”
mutable
/ˈmjuːtəbl/ a.易变的 【mut+able 能…的→能变的】
[搭] mutable weather 易变的天气 mutable foreign policy 易变的外交政策
mutability
/mjuːtəˈbɪləti/ n.易变 【mut+ability】
mutate
/ˈmjuːteɪt/ v.变化，变异 【mut+ate→变化】
[搭] mutate into 变异成...... [例] the ability of the virus to mutate into new forms 病毒变异成新菌株的能力
mutation
/mjuːˈteɪʃn/ n.突变 【mutate+ion】
[搭] genetic mutations 基因变异
mutiny
/ˈmjuːtəni/ n.叛乱，兵变 【mut+iny】
· open rebellion against constituted authority (especially by seamen or soldiers against their officers) [搭] The Mutiny of Chenqiao Station 陈桥兵变 [近] rebellion: being unwilling to obey rules or accept normal standards of behaviour teenage rebellion 青少年的叛逆 insurgency: an attempt to take control of a country by force treason 叛国罪 betrayal 背叛，偷情
mutinous
/ˈmjuːtənəs/ a.叛乱的；桀骜不驯的 【mutiny 兵变+ous】
[搭] mutinous acts 叛变行为
mutual
/ˈmjuːtʃuəl/ a.相互的 【mut+ual→你变我也变→相互的】
[搭] mutual respect/understanding 相互的尊敬/理解 mutual benefit 互惠互利 *win-win policy 双赢政策 [例] It is time that marks the value of mutual trust as well as common belief. 情谊也是需要时间来证明的。
commute
/kəˈmjuːt/ v.交换 n.通勤 【com 共同+mute→和大家一起变动→坐公共车】
[搭] commute between 通勤于...…之间 commute into/for 交换 *commuter train 市郊往返列车/通勤列车 green commuting 绿色出行 [例] You're probably going to be seeing me a lot more, considering I want to move back home and commute to school next semester. 反正你也会更常见到我，因为我打算搬回家下学期走读。 Modern Family 《摩登家庭》 [搭] long commutes 长途通勤 *train cars 车厢 forbid subway riders from playing music or videos on speakers, lying down or stepping on seats 禁止乘客使用电子设备听音乐或看视频时外放声音，禁止卧躺或踩踏座席 [拓] seat hogging 霸座 manspreading 大爷式占座（双腿分开坐）【葛优躺】 commandeer 霸占
commutable
/kəˈmjuːtəbl/ a.可交换的 【commute 变换+able→可变换的】
immutable
/ɪˈmjutəbl/ a.不变的 【im 不+mut+able】
[搭] eternally immutable 亘古不变的 [例] The mandate of Heaven is not immutable. —The Book of Songs 天命靡常。（上天的命令没有恒常不变的。） *The Book of Changes 《易经》 The Book of Documents/ The Book of History《尚书》 Knowing that one cannot change his destiny, one should face things calmly and submit himself to fate. —Zhuangzi 知其不可奈何而安之若命。（知道没有办法可以改变，故安然处之顺应其命。）
transmute
/trænsˈmjuːt/ v.使变形，使变化 【trans 横进去+mute 变→变过去→变形】
· change or alter in form, appearance, or nature [搭] transmute...into... 将......变成...... [例] It was once thought that lead could be transmuted into gold. 有人曾经认为铅可以变成黄金。 *turn into 使变成 [辨] transform vs transmute · Transform is to change greatly the appearance or form of sth. · Transmute is to change, transform or convert one thing to another, or from one state or form to another. Transformers 《变形金刚》 Optimus Prime 擎天柱 Bumblebee 大黄蜂 Megatron 威震天 *megastar 超级巨星
59、art
= skill, joint, trick, 表示“技巧，关节，诡计”
article
/ˈɑːrtɪkl/ n.文章；报道；物品 【art+icle 东西→用技巧做出的东西→物品】
[搭] article on/about sth. 关于某事的文章 top article 头条文章 [例] share an article on Moments 分享文章到朋友圈 [拓] nudge/tickle“拍一拍” Please give me a WOW. 请给我点个“在看”。 side-text me 私聊我 [拓] headline 标题 byline 标题下的署名行 feature 特写，花絮 extra 增刊 [搭] articles of clothing 衣物 [例] He had stripped the house of all articles of value. 他已把那所房子里值钱的东西洗劫一空。
artful
/ˈɑrtfl/ a.巧妙的；狡猾的；有技巧的 【art+ful→充满诡计的】
[例] The heart of Sichuan cuisine lies in the artful mixing of flavors. 川菜的核心在于博采众家之长。 *Less interests, more interest. 少一些功利主义的追求, 多一些不为什么的坚持。 [拓] Cold chicken in a spicy sauce 凉拌鸡 Pock-marked old woman's tofu 麻婆豆腐 Numbing-and-hot hotpot 麻辣火锅
artificial
/ˌɑːrtɪˈfɪʃl/ a.人工的；矫揉造作的 【artifice 技巧＋ial→用技巧做出的→人工的】
[搭] an artificial limb 假肢 an artificial smile 假笑 [近] false: false teeth 假牙 synthetic: synthetic drugs/fabrics 合成药物/织物 man-made: a man-made lake 人工湖 *the fabric of society 社会结构 Artificial Intelligence: AI 《人工智能》
artisan
/ˈɑrtəzn/ n.工匠，技工 【arti+san 人→技巧之人→工匠】
Since the very beginning of the First Industry Revolution, artisan has been a key milestone commemorating the old order and anticipating the new one. Everything changes, but artisanship still matters. 自第一次工业革命始，匠人就是一座丰碑，缅怀旧秩序憧憬新秩序。 虽物是人非，唯匠心不易。 [搭] artisan spirit 匠人精神 [近] craftsman: make beautiful things artificer: a skilled mechanic in the armed forces journeyman: a trained worker who is reliable but not outstanding *artisanship craftsmanship
60、mob
= move, 表示“被动”
mobile
/ˈmoʊbl/ a.可移动的；机动的 【mob 动+ile 物体→活动的，可动的】
If you walk to the end of the block talking on your cell phone, you are a mobile being using a mobile device. [搭] mobile equipment 移动设备 mobile game 手游 [例 1] Mobile Internet giant Cheetah Mobile has seen revenue growth double for six consecutive years. Three-quarters of its 600 million users are from outside China, mainly in Europe and America. 移动互联网巨头猎豹移动的收入连续六年增长一倍。它的 6 亿用户中有四分之三来自中国以外的国家，主要是欧洲和美国。 *leopard 美洲豹 * Startups 《燃点》 [例 2] Hey, I need a ride to work. Are you mobile? 我想打车去公司，你有车吗？ [拓] online classes / e-learning / Web-based courses 网课 telecommuting/telework 远程办公 remote conference 远程会议 clock in and out 打卡
immobile
/ɪˈmoʊbl/ a.不动的 【im 不+mob+ile 能…的→不能动的】
mobility
/moʊˈbɪləti/ n.能动性 【mob 动+ ility 性质→〔人〕动起来 →能动性】
[搭] social mobility 社会流动性 upward mobility (=climb up the social ladder) 从社会下层到社会上层的流动
automobile
/ˈɔːtəməbiːl/ n.汽车 v.驾驶汽车 【auto 自己+mobile 动→自己动的[车]→汽车】
[搭] the automobile industry 汽车工业 an automobile accident 车祸 *the newspaper industry 报纸行业 [例] The automobile has become the symbol of comfort and progress. 汽车成为了舒适和进步的标志。 * Homeland 《家园》 [拓] automobile leapfrog: two or more cars on a highway that continually pass each other as they vary their acceleration 飙车 *driving/road rage 路怒症
mobilize
/ˈmoʊbəlaɪz/ v.动员，入伍 【mobil(e)活动的+ize 使…→使[人]动→动员】
• make ready for action or use • get ready for war • cause to move around [搭] mobilize military personnel 动员军事人员 [例] A detective might mobilize the resources beforetracking down a wily criminal. 侦探在追捕狡猾的罪犯之前可能会调动一些资源。 * True Detective 《真探》 [近] marshal rally call up circulate *gather together 聚集在一起 *circulation 流通；传播；发行量
mobilization
/ˌmoʊbələˈzeɪʃn/ n.动员；调动 【mobiliz(e)+ation】
[搭] a demand for full-scale mobilization 全面动员的命令
demobilzie
/diːˈmoʊbəlaɪz/ v.使复员，使退伍 【de 否定，非；相反+mobilize→退伍→复员】
*dismiss 解散
mob
/mɑːb/ n.暴民，暴徒 v.围攻；聚众生事 【ef 出+fic+ent→能做出事来→有效率的】
[搭] the Mob 黑手党；犯罪集团 an excited mob of fans 一群激动的球迷 *Ku Klux Klan 3K 党 [例] An unruly crowd mobbed the White House during an inaugural reception. 就职招待会时，失控的人群涌进了白宫。 [拓] The Crowd: a study of the popular mind《乌合之众：大众心理研究》
mobster
/ˈmɑːbstər/ n.匪徒，歹徒 【mob+ster 人→暴民之人】
a criminal who is a member of gang [近] gangster
mobocracy
/mɑbˈɑkrəsi/ n.暴民政治，暴民统治 【mob+o+cracy 管理，统治→暴民统治】
=mob rule [拓] monocracy autocracy democracy bureaucracy *monopoly 垄断 *autonomy 自治权
61、dur
= last, hard, 表示“持久，坚硬”
durable
/ˈdʊrəbl/ a.持久的；耐用的 n.耐用品 【dur+able …的→持久的】
[搭] negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判 [例] Although, externally, the device looks very similar to the original, Huawei says it's got a more durable display and features a redesigned hinge. 尽管从外观上看，这款手机与原版非常相似，但华为表示，它的显示屏更耐用，而且采用了重新设计的铰链。 [拓] foldable phone 可折叠手机 front/rear camera 前/后置摄像头 dual-SIM dual standby 双卡双待 fingerprint verification 指纹识别 [搭] the consumer durables (telephone, refrigerator, etc.) 耐用消费品（如电话、冰箱等）
durability
/ˌdʊrəˈbɪləti/ n.耐久性；耐用年限 【dur+ability 具备某种能力→耐用能力】
[搭] product durability 产品耐久性 [例] The music and the emotion it evoked were largely responsible for the success and durability of the "Star Wars" franchise. 音乐和它所唤起的情感在很大程度上是“星球大战”系列电影成功和持久的原因。
duration
/duˈreɪʃn/ n.持续(的时间)，期间 【dur+ation 表过程，状态→持续时间】
[搭] sleep duration 睡眠时间 [例] Nearly two thirds of the teenagers with short sleep duration also had low sleep efficiency. 在睡眠时间短的青少年中，近三分之二的人睡眠效率也较低。 [搭] for the duration 直到…结束；在整个…期间 [例] The director, like many in Hengdian, is a transient; he moved here for the duration of shooting. 导演和横店的大多数人一样暂住在这里，只在拍摄期间才会搬过来。 [拓] the world's largest outdoor movie and television lot 世界上最大的户外影视基地 the back-stabbing concubine drama 宫斗戏
during
/ˈdʊrɪŋ/ prep.在…期间 【dur+ing 正在…→持续时间→在…期间】
[搭] during the financial crisis 在金融危机期间 [例] Remorse sleeps during prosperity but awakes bitter consciousness during adversity. —Jean-Jacques Rousseau 悔恨在顺境中沉睡，在逆境中觉醒。
dour
/ˈdaʊər/ a.冷酷的；严厉的；不爱讲话的 【dour[= dur]→(心肠)硬→性情冷酷的】
[搭] the dour politicians 阴沉冷酷的政客 a dour struggle 一场恶战
endure
/ɪnˈdʊr/ v.忍耐；忍受；持续 【en 使…+dur+e→使持久→忍耐；持续】
[近] bear *bear the responsibility for sth./sb. 承担......的责任 tolerate put up with *catch up with sb. 跟上某人 [搭] to endure the stress 承受压力 to endure harsher conditions 忍受恶劣的条件 *harsh voice 刺耳的声音 [例] Australia will endure severe water shortage. Three main factors will drive the continued growth in demand: population, prosperity and climate change. 澳大利亚将面临严重的水资源短缺。三个主要因素将推动需求的持续增长：人口、繁荣和气候变化。 [例] Sometimes we must endure a little pain in order to achieve satisfaction. 不入虎穴焉得虎子。 Downton Abbey 《唐顿庄园》 *No pains, no gains. No ventures, no gains. [近] last [例] Beethoven's fame has endured for more than 200 years. 贝多芬的名气已经持续了 200 多年。
endurable
/ɪnˈdʊrəbl/ a.可忍受的；能持久的 【endur(e)+able】
endurance
/ɪnˈdʊrəns/ n.忍耐力；耐久性 【endur(e)+ance，endure 的名词】
[搭] endurance running 耐力跑 [拓] shot put 铅球 high jump 跳高 triple jump 三级跳远 hurdles 跨栏 [例] The winners in life treat their body as if it were a magnificent spacecraft that gives them the finest transportation and endurance for their lives. —Denis Waitley 生活中的胜利者对待自己的身体就像对待一架宏伟的宇宙飞船，给了他们生命中最好的交通工具和耐力。
indurate
/ˈɪndjʊ,ret/ v.使硬化；巩固 a.僵硬的；麻木的 【in 使…+dur+ate 表动词→使坚硬，使坚固】
[搭] indurated clay 硬化黏土 emotionally hardened [搭] be cold-blooded and indurate to public opinion 冷血无情地对待舆论
62、forc, fort
= strong, 表示“强大，力量”
force
/fɔːrs/ n.力量；武力；军队 v.促使；强迫 【forc+e】
[搭] by force 强迫地 driving force 驱动力 be a force behind sb/sth 某人/某事背后的推动力 =be sb's backer [例 1] be a force behind booms of property prices in the big cities 促进大城市房价上涨的背后推动力 *baby boom 婴儿潮 [例 2] Love is the only force capable of transforming an enemy into a friend. —Martin Luther King 爱是唯一能把敌人变成朋友的力量。 ——马丁·路德·金 [搭] labor force 劳动力 armed forces 武装部队 force: a group of people who have been trained and organized to do a particular job 受过训练、有组织地做某一件事的一群人 [搭] force sb to do sth force sb into (doing) sth 强迫某人做某事 [例 3] His health forced him into early retirement. 他由于健康不佳不得不提前退休。 [近] compel/drive
forceful
/ˈfɔːrsfl/ a.坚强的，有说服力的 【force+ful …的→有力量的→坚强的，有说服力的】
[搭] a forceful argument/speech 有说服力的论据/演讲 written in a forceful hand 入木三分 [例] Hubei would adopt more forceful measures to find patients with fever to help contain the epidemic. (Reuters Feb 18, 2020) 湖北省将采取更有力措施寻找发烧患者,以帮助遏制疫情。
enforce
/ɪnˈfɔːrs/ v.实施，执行；强迫，强制 【en 使…+force→使有力量地进行→强行执行】
[搭] enforce the law 执法 [例] Tencent Games has enforced real-name verification on Honor of Kings. 腾讯游戏对《王者荣耀》执行实名认证。 [拓] a popular mobile multiplayer battle game 一款流行的移动多人作战游戏 the public security database 公共安全数据库
enforcement
/ɪnˈfɔːrsmənt/ n.执行 【en 使…+force→使有力量地进行→强行执行】
[搭] law enforcement agency 执法机构
reinforce
/ˌriːɪnˈfɔːrs/ v.加强，加固；强化 【re 一再+in 加以…+forc+e→一再加入力量→加强】
To reinforce means to make stronger. [搭] to reinforce the country's economic decline 加速国家经济的衰退 [近] enhance strengthen fortify [例] Some actually reinforce gender stereotypes due to how they regard women's supposed entrepreneurial deficiencies. 有些人实际上强化了性别刻板印象，因为他们认为妇女存在创业缺陷。 The level of one country's civilization would be measured by three things. First, how do they treat children? Second, how do they treat females? Third, how do they utilize the spare time? 一国之文明，取决于三件事。 一，他们如何对待孩子？ 二，他们如何对待女性？ 三，他们如何利用闲暇时间？
reinforcement
/ˌriːɪnˈfɔːrsmənt/ n.援军；巩固 【reinforce+ment】
[搭] to pour reinforcements into the region 向该地区增兵 * anti-pour 反倾销
fort
/fɔːrt/ n.要塞；堡垒；军营 = fortress
[习] hold the fort (= to have the responsibility for sth or care of sb while other people are away or out) 代为负责（某事）；代为照看（某人）
forte
/fɔːrt/ n.长处；强项 【fort+e】
effort
/ˈefərt/ n.努力；成就；艰难的尝试 【ef 出+fort→付出力量→努力】
[搭] in an effort to 企图（努力想）；试图要 make every effort 尽一切努力 spare no effort 不遗余力 [例] Let us make a special effort to stop communicating with each other, so we can have some communication. —Mark Twain 让我们尝试暂时中断那些通讯联络，从而促成真正的交流（心灵的交流）。 [近] diligence endeavor
comfort
/ˈkʌmfərt/ n.舒适；安逸；慰藉 v.安慰，宽慰 【com 表加强+fort→使（精神）强大→安慰】
[搭] comfort zone 舒适区 [拓] learning/stretch zone 学习区 panic zone 恐慌区
comforting
/ˈkʌmfərtɪŋ/ a.安慰的，令人欣慰的 【comfort+ing】
[搭] It is comforting to think/have/know (that) … ……是令人欣慰的 [例] It would be comforting to think there Is global backing to fix the WTO. 如果全球都支持修整世贸组织，可能会让人稍感安慰。
comfortable
/ˈkʌmfərtəbl/ a.舒适的，舒服的 【comfort+able】
[僻] a comfortable 2–0 win 以 2:0 轻取的胜利
63、mark
= sign, 表示“记号，符号”
mark
/mɑːrk/ n.标志；符号；痕迹；分数 v.做记号；打分 【sacri 神圣+fic+e→(甘愿)做神圣的事→牺牲】
[例] I wouldn't found it at all had it not been for that mark on the door. (Thorin Oakenshield) 要不是门上的标记，估计我这辈子都找不到这儿。 The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey 霍比特人：意外之旅 [习] hit the mark 达到目的；猜测正确 miss the mark 未达到目的；猜测错误 make a mark on sth （在某领域）取得成功，出名 [近] sign signal symbol [例] Phoenix shot 17.6% from long range, its lowest mark of the season. 太阳队的远射命中率为 17.6%，这也是本赛季的最低水平。 [拓] G=Game PTS=Points Per Game TRB=Total Rebounds AST=Assist FG%=Field Goal Percentage FT%=Free Throw Percentage [口] mark my words 你听着，记住我的话（用于强调和警告） There'll be trouble over this, mark my words. 记住我的话，这件事是会有麻烦的。 [僻] 赋予特征；给…确定性质 If something is marked by a particular quality or feature, it is a typical or important part of that thing [近] characterize [例] American television was enjoying a "new golden age", marked by vast improvements in cinematography and storytelling. 美国电视正享受着一个“新的黄金时代”，其特征是电影摄影和故事讲述的巨大进步。 [拓] 源于英文的网络用语 码住: mark po 一张照片: post fo 某人的微博: follow(关注) unfo=unfollow 取关
marked
/mɑːrkt/ a.显著的；有记号的 【mark+ed】
[近] noticeable distinct [搭] a marked man/woman （遭计划攻击的）目标人物 [例] Already, we see a marked decline in the use of cash and explosive growth in digital payments. 我们已经看到现金使用的显著下降以及数字支付的爆炸性增长。
markedly
/ˈmɑːrkɪdli/ ad.明显地；引人注目地 【marked+ly】
[近] obviously/clearly
remark
/rɪˈmɑːrk/ n.谈论，言论 v.说起；评论；注意到 【re 一再+mark→一再做记号→评论，意见】
[搭] make a remark 发表言论 inject a remark 插嘴，打断 personal remark 人身攻击 * projector [仪] 投影仪；放映机 [例] I'll take that remark as a compliment. 我会把那句话当成夸奖。 (compliment: a remark that shows you admire someone or something 恭维、赞赏) [例] One often hears the remark "He talks too much." But when did anyone last hear the criticism "He listens too much" ? —Norman Augustine 我们常听到别人「他话太多」的评论，但有谁听过「他听太多」的批评？ [搭] remark on sb./sth. 对…进行评论 [近] comment
remarkable
/rɪˈmɑːrkəbl/ a.卓越的；非凡的；值得注意的 【remark+able】
①unusual or striking ②worthy of notice [搭] a remarkable achievement 非凡的成就 nothing remarkable 没什么了不起的；不足为奇
remarkably
/rɪˈmɑːrkəbli/ ad.显著地，非常地；引人注目地 【remarkabl(e)+y】
landmark
/ˈlændmɑːrk/ n.地标；里程碑 【land 地+mark→地上的标志】
The Oriental Pearl Radio & TV Tower 东方明珠广播电视塔 * Pearl Harbor 珍珠港 [例] The Empire State Building is a familiar landmark on the New York skyline. 帝国大厦是人们熟悉的纽约高楼大厦中的地标。 [近] milestone [搭] a landmark legal ruling 一项具有重大影响的法律裁决 a landmark moment 一个具有里程碑意义的时刻
trademark
/ˈtreɪdmɑːrk/ n.商标 【trade 贸易+mark→商标】
[搭] trademark application 商标申请 trademark registration 商标注册 misuse the brand's trademark and logo 滥用品牌的商标和标识
64、circ, cycl
= ring, circle, 表示“圆，环”
circle
/ˈsɜrkl/ n.圆；圆形 v.盘旋，环行，转圈 【circ 圆，环+le→圆，圆形】
[搭 1] run round in circles 徒劳无功；瞎忙活 [搭 2] square the circle =to attempt something impossible 化方成圆，比喻做一件很难办到、甚至是不可能的事 [例 1] "Nirvana" squared the circle by making a record that was both superb pop and rock music at the same time. 涅槃出了一张兼具流行与摇滚风格的唱片。 [例 2] The plane circled the airport to burn up excess fuel. 飞机在机场上空盘旋以耗掉多余的燃料。
circlet
/ˈsɜrklət/ n.小环，小圈 【circ 圆，环+let】
[近] loop/ring [拓] on a loop/in a loop 单曲循环
circular
/ˈsɜrkjələ(r)/ a.圆的；循环的 【circ+ular 表形容词】
[搭] circular economy 循环经济 [拓] cyclic utilization 循环利用 FMCG(fast moving consumer goods) 快消品 marine plastic pollution 海洋塑料污染 bio-degradable 可生物降解的
circulate
/ˈsɜrkjəleɪt/ v.循环，流通 【circ+ulate→绕圈走→循环】
[例 1] A new idea is circulating, that vaping is worse than smoking. 最近流传着一种新的说法：吸电子烟比吸传统烟危害还要大。 *E-cigarette 电子烟 vape v.吸电子烟 [例 2] If you'll excuse me, I really must circulate. 对不起，我真得去应酬一下了。【（在聚会上） 往来应酬】
circulation
/ˌsɜrkjəˈleɪʃn/ n.循环，流通；发行量 【circulat(e)+ion】
[搭] blood circulation 血液循环
circuit
/ˈsɜrkɪt/ n.电路，回路 v.环行 【circu+it 走→环行】
[搭 1] tennis circuit 网球巡回赛 [搭 2] lecture circuit 巡回讲学
circuitous
/sərˈkjuɪtəs/ a.迂回的，绕圈子的 【circuit+ous】
circus
/ˈsɜːrkəs/ n.马戏团；圆形广场 【circ 圆，环+us 表名词→圆形的地方→圆形广场】
[例] Time is circus, always packing up and moving away. 时间有如马戏团，总是在整装远行。 [搭] Piccadilly Circus 皮卡迪利广场 In this context, a circus, from the Latin word meaning "circle", is a round open space at a street junction.
encircle
/ɪnˈsɜːrkl/ v.环绕，包围 【en 进入+circ 圆，环→进入圆→包围】
cycle
/ˈsaɪkl/ n.周期；循环；自行车 v.使循环；骑自行车 【cycl+e】
[搭 1] sleep cycle 睡眠周期 [搭 2] carbon cycle 碳循环，碳化循环 business cycle life cycle [例] I usually cycle home through the park. 我通常骑自行车穿过公园回家。
bicycle
/ˈbaɪsɪkl/ n.自行车 v.骑自行车 【bi 二+cycl 圆，环+e→两个轮子→自行车】
[拓] tricycle 三轮车 car 四轮车
recycle
/ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ n./v.再循环；回收 【re 重新+cycl 圆，环+e→再循环；回收】
[例] Shanghai authorities use propaganda, shame, and the threat of fines to urge residents to obey strict new recycling rules. 上海政府利用宣传推广、羞耻心以及罚款威胁来敦促市民遵守严格的垃圾回收新规定。 [拓] a new era of trash-sorting 垃圾分类的新时代 *rubbish 【废弃的，可以指物，也可指人】 garbage 【垃圾场】 litter 【长期搁置的，多余的】
Recyclable 可回收物 Food Waste 厨余垃圾 Hazardous Waste 有害垃圾 Residual Waste 其他垃圾
cyclone
/ˈsaɪkloʊn/ n.旋风 【cycl 圆，环+one→转圈的东西→旋风】
[近] hurricane Firework - Katy Perry After a hurricane comes a rainbow Maybe you're reason why all the doors are closed So you can open one that leads you to the perfect road ...
65、cid, cis
= cut, kill, 表示“切开，杀”
decide
/dɪˈsaɪd/ v.决定，下决心；判决 【de 加强＋cide 切→切下去→下决心】
[搭] decide on/upon sth. 决定；选定 *settle on sth. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 *determine to do sth. [例 1] Oh, and if you do decide to take the coward's way out, cut along the tracks, not across them. That's a rookie mistake. —House of Cards 如果你真决定以懦弱的方式解脱，沿血管割，不要横着割，这是低级错误。 (《纸牌屋》) [例 2] The case will be decided by a jury. 本案件将由陪审团裁决。
decision
/dɪˈsɪʒn/ n.决定，决心；决议 【decide 的名词】
[搭] to take/make a decision (= to decide) 作出决定 *come to/reach a decision [例 1] The hard part isn't making the decision. It's living with it. 做出决定并不困难，困难的是接受决定。（《守法公民》） [例 2] The decision came as a bolt from the blue. 这个决定太出乎意料了。 *a bolt from the blue 晴天霹雳；飞来横祸 [拓] talk a blue streak 滔滔不绝，不停地说话 turn green with envy 眼红；妒火中烧 see pink elephants 烂醉如泥
homicide
/ˈhɑːmɪsaɪd/ n. (蓄意) 杀人罪；杀人犯 【homi〔= hum〕人+cid 杀+e→杀人】
• [law]the crime of killing sb. Deliberately [例] Anyone who removes or destroys manhole covers despite knowing that the action may cause serious harm to others may be charged with intentional homicide or intentional injury if someone is killed or hurt. 明知会造成人员伤亡而实施盗窃、破坏井盖行为，致人伤亡的，可以故意伤害罪、故意杀人罪定罪处罚。 [拓] manhole covers 井盖 undermine/disturb public order 扰乱公共秩序 damage public property 破坏公共财产 [拓]《Homicide》(凶手) Eminem & Logic Dealingwith backstabbers, there was one thing I learned. They're only powerful when you got your back turned. —Eminem 对付背后插刀之人，我学会一件事：只要你不转身逃走，他们便无能为力。
66、crypt
= secret, hidden, 表示“秘密，隐藏”
crypt
/krɪpt/ n.地窖，地穴 【pet+ition→追寻状态→请愿】
[例] He should rest beside his family in the crypts beneath Winterfell. 他应当长眠于临冬城下的墓窖，与家人为伴。
cryptic
/ˈkrɪptɪk/ a.秘密的；难解的 【crypt+ic→秘密的】
[辨] cryptic: have a secret or hidden meaning a cryptic message 难解的信息 obscure: difficult to understand, usually because it involves so many parts or details obscure language 晦涩的语言 [搭] cryptic coloring 保护色；隐藏色 *chameleon 变色龙 Maps encourage boldness. They're like cryptic love letters. They make anything seem possible. 地图使人胆大无畏。它们就像神秘的情书。它们让一切看起来皆有可能。 —— Mark Jenkins 马克·詹金斯
cryptogram
/ˈkrɪptəˌgræm/ n.密码；暗号 【crypto+gram 字、图→秘密字→密码】
[搭] cryptogram lock 密码锁 *cryptography 密码学 cryptanalyst 密码破译者；密码专家 *analyze v. analysis n. Sherlock Holmes 《福尔摩斯》 Give me problems, give me work, give me the most abstruse cryptogram, or the most intricate analysis, and I am in my own proper atmosphere. 给我难题，给我工作，给我最深奥的密码，给我最复杂的分析工作，这样我才觉得最舒适。
decrypt
/diˈkrɪpt/ v.解密 【de 去掉+crypt→解密】
make (a code or unclear message) intelligible [例] The computer can be used to encrypt and decrypt sensitive transmissions. 计算机可用于机密传输的加密和解密。 [近] decipher: convert (a text written in code, or a coded signal) into normal language decipher one's handwriting 辨认某人的字迹 decode: analyse and interpret a verbal or non-verbal communication or image help parents decode street language 帮助父母们理解街头流行语
encrypt
/ɪnˈkrɪpt/ v.加密 【en 进入+crypt→加密】
[例] I could encrypt the firm's files, update your firewalls. 我能加密律所文件，升级防火墙。
67、noc(u), nox
= hurt, poison, 表示“伤害，毒”
innocent
/ˈɪnəsnt/ a.无辜的；天真的 n.无辜者 【in 无+noc 伤害+ent→单纯无害人之心的→天真的】
[搭] innocent of 无罪的，清白的 innocent party 无过失之一方 an innocent child 天真无邪的孩子 *be innocent of any crime 毫无罪过 [例] He was actually innocent. He just took the blame for his loved one. 他是无辜的，他只是在替心爱的人背锅罢了。 * take the blame for sb. /become a scapegoat for sb. 替某人背锅 • an innocent person, especially a young child
innocence
/ˈɪnəsns/ n.清白，无罪；天真无邪 【in 无+noc 伤害+ence 状态，行为→没有伤害→无罪】
A very poor lie which reveals the truth. =A guilty person gives himself away by conspicuously protesting his innocence. 此地无银三百两。 Innocence —Avril Lavigne This innocence is brilliant I hope that it will stay This moment is perfect Please don't go away I need you now And I'll hold on to it Don't you let it pass you by ......
noxious
/ˈnɑːkʃəs/ a.有害的；有毒的 【nox 毒+ious …的→有毒的】
[搭] emission of noxious gas 有害气体排放 laughing gas 笑气 N2O (Nitrous Oxide) 一氧化二氮 [近] toxic : toxic waste [环境] 有毒废料 poisonous : poisonous plant 有毒植物 poisonous snake 毒蛇 the poisonous atmosphere in the office 办公室里的恶劣气氛
obnoxious
/əbˈnɑːkʃəs/ a.讨厌的；可憎的；令人作呕的 【ob 加强+nox 伤害，毒+ious→又坏又毒→令人讨厌的】
[搭] obnoxious behaviour 引人反感的行为 obnoxious backstabber 可憎的暗箭伤人者 obnoxious odour 难闻的气味 *a stab in the back 诽谤；暗箭伤人 [例] Just don't snap fingers at a server. It's rude, obnoxious and degrading. 不要对着服务员打响指。这种做法粗鲁、可憎又低级。
68、astr(o), aster
= star, 表示“星星”
disaster
/dɪˈzæstər/ n.灾难，灾祸；不幸 【dis 不+aster 星星→星位不正→灾难】
[搭] one disaster after another *add insult to injury 雪上加霜 disaster movie 灾难片 The reason why some people like disaster movies is because they want to experience something dangerous in a safe environment. 一些人喜欢看灾难片的原因是他们想在安全的环境下体验危险。 The Day After Tomorrow 《后天》 2012 《2012》 World War Z 《僵尸世界大战》 I Am Legend 《我是传奇》
disastrous
/dɪˈzæstrəs/ a.灾难性的；损失惨重的 【dis+astr+ous】
[搭] follow the same old disastrous road *recommit the same error 重蹈覆辙 (commit sucide/a crime 自杀/犯罪) Oops!...I Did It Again (爱的再告白) - Britney Spears While sometimes our DIY adventures can come out a success, more often than not they are either precarious or even utterly disastrous. 尽管有时我们的 DIY 创意很成功，但更多的时候它们很危险，甚至完全是场灾难。
astral
/ˈæstrəl/ a.星的；精神世界的 【astr 星星+al…的→星的，星状的】
• connected with the stars [搭 1] astral navigation 星际航行 * celestial navigation 天文导航 accelerate decelerate • connected with the spiritual rather than the physical world of existence [搭 2] the astral plane 精神世界层面
astrophysics
/ˌæstroʊˈfɪzɪks/ n.天体物理学 【astro 星星+physics 物理学→天体物理学】
astronaut
/ˈæstrənɔːt/ n.宇航员，航天员；太空旅行者 【astro 星星+naut 驾驶或操纵某种飞行工具的人→宇航员】
[例] If a career as an astronaut isn't for you, perhaps the promise of a sojourn in a space hotel might be appealing. 如果你不适合当宇航员，也许在太空旅馆住一段时间会很有吸引力。 *temporary stay 短暂的逗留
astronomy
/əˈstrɑːnəmi/ n.天文学 【astro 星星+nomy…学→研究星星的学科→天文学】
If it's a clear night, l'm gonna lay some romantic astronomy on her: “Two of the brightest stars in the night sky are Altair and Vega...” 如果那晚能够看到星星，我会对她使出浪漫天文泡妞招：“夜空中那两颗最明亮的星星，是牵牛星与织女星......” ——《生活大爆炸》Raj
69、ras, rad
= scrape, 表示“刮，擦”
erase
/ɪˈreɪs/ v.抹去；擦除；清除 【e 除去+ras 刮，擦+e→擦掉】
[搭] erase the wrong word 擦去错字 erase the memory of 抹去......的记忆 [例] Parts of the recording have been erased. 部分录音已被抹掉。 [近] cancel：cancel a subscription 停止订阅 cancel a contract 解约 eliminate：eliminate poverty 消除贫困 eliminate illiteracy 扫盲 delete：delete all 全部删除 delete as appropriate 酌情删除
eraser
/ɪˈreɪsər/ n.橡皮；擦除器 【e 除去+ras 刮，擦+er 表物→用来擦的物品→黑板擦】
[搭] eraser tool 橡皮擦工具 blackboard eraser 黑板擦 [例] Life is the art of drawing without an eraser. 人生如画，落笔无悔。——《马男波杰克》
abrade
/əˈbreɪd/ v.擦伤；磨损 【ab 去掉，离去+rad 擦+e→擦掉→磨损】
• to rub the surface of sth., such as rock or skin, and damage it or make it rough
abradant
/ə'bredənt/ n.砂纸；研磨剂 【ab 去掉+rad 刮，擦+ant 表物→用来打磨的东西→砂纸】
raze
/reɪz/ v.夷为平地；摧毁 【raz〔= ras〕刮，擦+e→刮掉表面→铲平】
[例 1] It is time to raze it! 是时候将它铲平了！ [例 2] The village was razed to the ground. 这座村庄被夷为平地。
razor
/ˈreɪzər/ n.剃须刀；刮脸刀 【raz 刮，擦+or 表物→剃刀】
[搭 1] a cut-throat/ disposable razor 开式 / 一次性剃刀 [搭 2] be on a razor's edge 处于十分危险的困境；境况岌岌可危 The Razor's Edge《刀锋》 [例] He nicked the razor. 他弄缺了剃刀刀口。【nickel 镍】 *We nicked the last bus. 我们刚好赶上末班公共汽车。 He nicked himself while shaving. 他刮胡子刮了个口子。 Who nicked my pen? 谁偷走了我的钢笔？ You're nicked! 你被捕了！
70、ann, enn
= year, 表示“年，一年”
annual
/ˈænjuəl/ a.一年一度的 n.年刊，年鉴 【ann+ual】
[搭] an annual meeting/report 年会/年度报告 annual income 年收入 [例] A string of companies apologized for their negligence after being exposed by China's annual consumer rights gala. 被中国一年一度的消费者权益大会曝光后，多家企业为自己的过失道歉。 [拓] International Consumer Rights Day 国际消费者权益日 sham advertisement 虚假广告营销 difficulty in returning users' deposits 退费难 The 77th Annual Golden Globe Awards 第 77 届美国电影电视金球奖 Once Upon a Time... in Hollywood《好莱坞往事》 *Best Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy 音乐/喜剧类最佳影片 · a book or magazine that is published once a year under the same title but with different contents
anniversary
/ˌænɪˈvɜːrsəri/ n.周年纪念 【ann+i+vers 转+ary→一年转到一次→周年纪念日】
· the date on which an event occurred in some previous year (or the celebration of it) *The 4th anniversary of WeLearn
annuity
/əˈnuəti/ n.年金；养老金 【annu+ity 每年的东西→年金】
[搭] annuity in advance 预付年金 an annuity paid in a series of more or less equal payments at the beginning of equally spaced periods [拓] old-age pension/retirement pension 养老金
perennial
/pəˈreniəl/ a.终年的；长期的 【per 始终+ennial 年的→终年的】
[搭] perennial urban problems 城市长期存在的问题 *traffic congestion/traffic jam 交通拥堵 waterlogging 内涝 [例] The film Titanic is a perennial favourite. 《泰坦尼克号》是一部经久不衰、深受欢迎的影片。
71、prim
= first, chief, 表示“第一，主要的”
primacy
/ˈpraɪməsi/ n.主要地位；重要性；总主教职 【prim+acy】
[搭] primacy of the family 家庭至上 upholding the primacy of the people 坚持人民主体地位 *mateship 伙伴情谊
primary
/ˈpraɪmeri/ a.最初的；根本的 【prim+ary】
[搭] primary education 初等教育 *elementary school=junior school 小学 junior high school 初中 senior high school 高中 [例] I don't think young people's primary aim in life is to get drunk. 我觉得年轻人生活的主要目标并不是一醉方休。 There are two primary choices in life: to accept conditions as they exist, or accept the responsibility for changing them. 人生有两大选择：要么接受现状，要么接受改变现状的责任。
primitive
/ˈprɪmətɪv/ a.原始的 【prim+itive】
[搭] primitive instinct 原始本能 primitive beliefs 原始信仰 primitive man 原始人类 *Homo Sapiens 智人 [近] original：existing at the beginning of a particular period, process or activity original plan 原计划 initial：happening at the beginning initial point 起始点 [反] modern=contemporary=up-to-date 现代的；当代的 *temporary staff 临时工
prime
/praɪm/ a.最初的，基本的；主要的 v.使准备好 【prim+e】
[搭] prime minister 首相，总理 prime time 黄金时间 prime of life 生命全盛期，壮年 [近] chief：chief executive officer （CEO）首席执行官 principal：principal element 主要因素 major：major subject 专业；主科 key：key point 关键点；要点 [搭] prime the pump 投资以振兴（新的或不景气的企业或行业） to encourage the growth of a new or weak business or industry by putting money into it
primer
/'praɪmə/ n.初级读本 【prim+er→第一本书】
· a book containing basic facts about a subject, which is used by someone who is beginning to study that subject [拓] Primer 妆前乳 *Face Mists/Spray 面部喷雾 Serums 精华 snakebite serum 蛇毒血清 Lotion 乳液 Toner 化妆水 Cream 保湿霜 shower gel 沐浴液
primeval
/praɪˈmiːvl/ a.早期的；远古的 【prim+ev 时代+al→最早的时代→远古的】
[例] I've been utilizing prehistoric/primeval powers. 我已经用了洪荒之力啦。 [搭] primeval forests 原始森林 primeval urges 本能的欲望 Primeval 《远古入侵》 Jurassic World 《侏罗纪世界》
72、vict, vinc
= conquer, overcome, 表示“征服，克服”
victor
/ˈvɪktər/ n.胜利者 【vict+or 人→胜利者】
[例] I become the victor and the vanquished. I become the singer and the song. I become the knower and the known. —Michael Jackson 我成为胜者与被征服者。我成为歌者与歌。我成为知者与所知。 [近] champion conqueror winner
victory
/ˈvɪktəri/ n.胜利 【victor+y】
* V-sign V手势 [搭 1] victory over/against sb./sth. 战胜某人/某事 the team's 3–2 victory against Poland 该队以 3:2 战胜波兰队 [搭 2] win a victory 获得胜利 [搭 3] a decisive/narrow victory 决定性的胜利；险胜 [搭 4] roar/romp/sweep to victory =to win sth. easily 轻易取胜；大获全胜 [例] He swept to victory in the final of the championship. 他在锦标赛的决赛中轻而易举地获胜。 [例] You see, no victory comes without a price. —Desperate Housewives 任何胜利都是有代价的。
convict
/kənˈvɪkt/ /ˈkɑnvɪkt/ v.证明有罪 n.服刑囚犯 【con 全部+vict→把对方彻底征服→证明[对方]有罪】
[搭] convict sb. of sth. 宣判某人有罪 [例] He was convicted of fraud. 他被判犯有诈骗罪。 [例] You are convicted felons. That's why they've sent you to me. —The Shawshank Redemption 你们因为作奸犯科，所以才进监狱。 [例] The convict confessed his crime. 罪犯供认了他的罪行。 [拓] civil action 民事诉讼 contempt of court 藐视法庭 suspended sentence 缓刑 not guilty/acquittal 无罪 * Good Wife 《傲骨贤妻》
conviction
/kənˈvɪkʃən/ n.定罪；坚定的看法（或信念） 【convict+ion】
[搭] conviction for sth. 为某事定罪 [例] She has six previous convictions for theft. 她有六次盗窃前科。 [搭 1] strong political/moral convictions 坚定不移的政治╱道德信念 [搭 2] have/lack the courage of your convictions =to be/not be brave enough to do what you feel to be right 有/没有勇气做自己认为正确的事
evict
/ɪˈvɪkt/ v.逐出 【e 出+vict→征服后把人赶出去→逐出】
to force sb to leave a house or land, especially when you have the legal right to do so [搭] evict sb. from sth. 将某人驱逐出去 [例] Michael was an 30-year-old who was just evicted from his parents' home by a judge. 法官将 30 岁的迈克尔从他父母家赶了出去。 [拓] NEET (not in employment, education, or training) group, people who are financially dependent upon their parents 啃老族 moonlight clan 月光族 empty-nest youths 空巢青年
eviction
/ɪ'vɪkʃn/ n.逐出，没收 【evict+ion】
evince
/ɪˈvɪns/ v.表明，表示 【e 出+vinc+e 克服障碍，表达感情→表明[态度]】
[例] Evidence can evince the innocence of the accused, and tears can evince the grief of mourning. 证据可以表明被告无罪，眼泪可以表明悲伤。 * be accused by 被控告 accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事 [例] Let your evinced desires be for what is good, and the people will be good. —The Analects of Confucius 子欲善，而民善矣。 ——《论语》
invincible
/ɪnˈvɪnsəbəl/ a.不可征服的 【in 不+vinc+ible→不可征服的】
[搭] an invincible army 无敌军队 invincible spirit 不可征服的意志 [例] Sheldon wanted very much to be invincible and stoic at all times… and I think a lot of us can relate to that feeling! It's safe. 谢尔顿一直非常想要成为无敌而坚忍的人…… 我觉得我们很多人都深有同感！这是很安全的做法。 [近] unconquerable unbeatable
convince
/kənˈvɪns/ v.说明，使确信；说服 【con 全部+vinc+e→彻底征服对方→使[人]确信】
[搭] convince sb./yourself of sth. 使某人/你自己相信某事 [例] You'll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job. 你要使他们相信你殷切希望得到这份工作。 [例] It seems they want to convince HBO to remake the entire season 8. 他们（粉丝）似乎想要说服 HBO（美国家庭影院）重拍《权力的游戏》第八季。 * HBO= Home Box Office
convincing
/kənˈvɪnsɪŋ/ a.令人信服的，有说服力的 【convince+ing】
[搭] convincing evidence 令人信服的证据
73、loc
= place, 表示“地方”
local
/ˈləʊkl/ a.地方的；局部的 n.当地人；本地人 【loc 地方+al 表形容词→地方的】
[例] Some estimates in the local news media say that up to 300,000 paying customers use these encrypted online chat rooms. 据当地新闻媒体估计，有多达 30 万付费用户在使用这些在线加密聊天室。 * the Nth Room 韩国 N 号房事件 [拓] lure young women with promises of high-paying jobs online 以在线高薪工作的承诺来吸引年轻女性 post sexually abusive videos 发布遭胁迫被性侵的视频 in return for cryptocurrency payments 换取加密货币 [近] native indigenous [例] Indeed, Airbnb's main growth plans hinge on offering users not just a bed but an experience, "designed and led by inspiring locals" to boot. 确实，爱彼迎主要增长计划的核心是不仅仅为用户提供一张床，而是由“热心鼓舞的当地人设计和带领”的体验。 [拓] Airbnb&Uber asset-light platforms 轻资产平台 sharing economy 共享经济 accommodation 住宿 民宿 BNB (Bed & Breakfast) , guesthouse, homestay transport 交通
locality
/ləʊˈkæləti/ n.位置，所在地 【local+ity 表名词→所在地】
locate
/ləʊˈkeɪt/ v.位于；确定……的位置 【loc 地方+ate 表动词→位于】
[搭] be located in 坐落于，位于 [近] situate : situate your perception in the context lie on/in : lie on his back Vitality lies in physical practice. 生命在于运动。 [例] You keep to struggle to and fro and find it difficult to stand on the top since you can not locate the balance point. 来来回回挣扎许多次，你发现要站上高点是多么的困难，因为你始终找不到平衡点。
location
/ləʊˈkeɪʃn/ n.场所，位置 【locat(e) 定位+ion 表名词→位置】
[例] #TikTokChecks (a format where users show off locations or objects as markers of their identity) #TikTokChecks （用户用于炫耀地点或物件，作为身份标识的一种形式） [拓] views 点击率 likes 点赞数 shares 分享数 trends 趋势 [近] locality = area site camping site 军营，营地 website situation spot spotless 完美无瑕的 on the spot 在场 position
relocate
/ˌriːˈloʊkeɪt/ v.重新定位 【re 重新+locate 定位→重新定位】
[例] Over the past three years, 1.88 million people have been relocated from poverty-stricken areas. 过去三年间，188 万人口已经完成易地扶贫搬迁。 * ecological migration 生态移民 targeted poverty alleviation 精准扶贫
dislocate
/ˈdɪsloʊkeɪt/ v.使脱节，移位；扰乱 【dis 离开+locate 位于→位置离开→移位】
To dislocate is to move something out of its correct or regular place, or disrupt it. [近] disrupt (disruption n.) : disrupt the meeting 扰乱会议 displace : Gradually factory workers have been displaced by machines. 工厂的工人已逐渐被机器取代。
dislocation
/ˌdɪsloʊˈkeɪʃn/ n.错乱，移位 【dislocat(e)+ion】
allocate
/ˈæləkeɪt/ v.分配，部署 【al 一再+locate→不断送给地方→分配[东西]】
[搭] allocate sth. for…/to… 拨……给…… allocate sb./sth. sth. 分配……给…… [例] A number of provinces and municipalities across China have allocated frozen pork reserves to the market to ease pork supply pressure and contain a price surge. 为缓解猪肉供应压力、平抑猪肉价格飙涨势头，全国多个省市已向市场投放了储备冻猪肉。 *municipal affairs 市政工程 [拓] government grain reserve 政府储备粮 emergency supplies 应急物资 life necessity reserve mechanism 生活必需品储备制度
allocation
/ˌæləˈkeɪʃn/ n.分配 【allocat(e)+ion】
collocate
/ˈkɑːləkət/ v.并列；排列；与……搭配 【col 共同+locate→放在一个位置→并列】
[搭] collocate with sth. 与……搭配 [例] "Bitter" collocates with "tears" but "sour" does not. bitter 可与 tears 搭配，而 sour 则不可。 * bitter tears 心酸的泪 sour grapes 酸葡萄；眼红、嫉妒别人
collocation
/ˌkɑːləˈkeɪʃn/ n.搭配；排列 【collocat(e)+ion】
locomotive
/ˌloʊkəˈmoʊtɪv/ n.火车头；机车 【loco 地方+mot 移动+ive→移动位置的（机器）】
[搭] steam/diesel/electric locomotives 蒸汽/内燃/电力机车 *automobile/automotive 汽车 [拓] Electric Multiple Unit (EMU) 动车组 China High-speed Railway (CHSR) 高铁 bullet train 动车
locomotion
/ˌloʊkəˈmoʊʃn/ n.运动，运转 【loco 地方+mot 移动+ion→移动】
*slomotion 慢动作
74、popul, publ
= people, 表示“人民”
populate
/ˈpɑːpjuleɪt/ v.居住于；构成人口；移民于 【popul+ate 表动词→使人民在这里(居住)】
[搭] a heavily/thinly populated country 人口密集/稀少的国家 [近] inhabit dwell reside migrate [例] Television is populated with commitment-phobes. —Rob Lowe 电视剧里充斥着承诺恐惧症。 [拓] magnum opus 代表作 The Outsiders 《小教父》 [拓] Screen Actors Guild Awards 美国演员工会奖 Golden Globes Awards 金球奖 Primetime Emmy Award 黄金时段艾美奖 American Academy Awards 奥斯卡金像奖 [拓] -phobe 厌恶…的人 a social media-phobe 社交媒体恐惧症 a commitment-phobe 恐婚症 player 玩弄感情的人（渣男、渣女） * play boy/girl
population
/ˌpɑːpjuˈleɪʃn/ n.人口；种群；全体居民 【populat(e)+ion】
[搭] countries with aging populations 人口老龄化的国家 [例] THE UNITED NATIONS is the world's most important watcher of human tides. Its demographers have a good record of predicting global population change. 联合国是最重要的人口趋势观测机构。它的人口统计学家对全球人口变化的预测一向较为准确。 [拓] tide: the direction in which the opinion of a large number of people seems to be moving 潮流；趋势；动向 * go/swim with (against) the tide 顺应(逆)潮流，赶(反)潮流 trend/tendency
populous
/ˈpɑːpjələs/ a.人口稠密的；人口多的 【popul+ous …的】
popular
/ˈpɑːpjələr/ a.流行的；受欢迎的；大众的 【popul+ar …的→人们(都喜欢)的→流行的】
[搭] the popular press 通俗报刊 popular demand 大众需求 * pop culture 波普文化 [例] I'm not very popular with my parents (= they are annoyed with me) at the moment. 眼下爸妈对我都很不满。 [例] Much like other popular properties in Disney's arsenal, streaming rights to The Simpsons were tied up in licensing hell. 与迪士尼旗下其他热门影片一样，《辛普森一家》的流媒体转播权也被打上了“许可证地狱”的标签。
popularize
/ˈpɑːpjələraɪz/ v.普及；使通俗化 【popular+ize】
[近] gain ground * put sth. down to the ground 接地气
public
/ˈpʌblɪk/ a.公众的；政府的 n.社会；公共场所 【publ+ic …的→人民的，公众的】
[搭] in the public interest (= useful to ordinary people) 对民众有利 public-service broadcasting 公共服务广播 [搭] breach the public's trust 破坏大众的信任 [IDIOMS] go public 公之于世；上市 in the public eye （通过报纸、电视）让公众熟知的 [例] We can't allow ourselves to be held hostage by public opinion. —House of Cards 我们不能让自己成为舆论的人质。 [拓] And a person's character isn't determined by how he or she enjoys victory but rather how he or she endures defeat. 一个人的品行不取决于他如何享受胜利，而在于他如何忍受失败。
publicity
/pʌbˈlɪsəti/ n.宣传；报道；广告 【public+ity】
[搭] the publicity department 宣传部 a publicity stunt 抓人眼球的噱头，炒作 [拓] hype/hype up * hypercritical/hypocritical Don't believe all the hype—the book isn't that good. 别相信那些天花乱坠的宣传——那本书没那么好。 The meeting was hyped up in the media as an important event. 这次会议被媒体吹成一件大事。
publish
/ˈpʌblɪʃ/ v.出版；发表；发行 【publ+ish 使…→使…进入人民当中→出版，公开】
[搭] to publish a report on conduct 发布行为报告 to publish carefully curated images to social media 在社交媒体上发布精心编辑的照片 [近] release
publication
/ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃn/ n.出版；发表；出版物 【public+ation】
[例] With the publication of "Becoming," the Obamas now seem set to make their mark not just in politics, but in popular culture. 随着《成为》的出版，奥巴马夫妇不仅在政治上，而且要在流行文化中留下属于自己的印记。 [近] announcement
75、muni, mun
= public, 表示“公共的”
municipal
/mjuːˈnɪsɪpl/ a.市政的，市的；地方自治的 【muni 公共的+cip 头+al …的→公众之头→市政的】
[搭] municipal affairs 市政工程 municipal government 市政府 * city/town hall 市政厅 [例] The municipal government of Wuhan will hand out the vouchers weekly via the online platforms of Alibaba, Meituan Dianping and Tencent. “武汉消费券”将在阿里巴巴、美团点评、腾讯的线上平台上由武汉市政府按周投放。 [拓] face value 面额 economic stimulus measure 经济刺激措施 livestream e-commerce 直播电商
municipality
/mjuːˌnɪsɪˈpæləti/ n.市政当局；自治市(区) 【municipal 市政的+ity 具备某种性质，状况→市政当局】
commune
/ˈkɑːmjuːn/ n.公社；群体 v.商量；谈心 【com 共同+mun 公共的+e→大家一起说→商量，引申为大家的地方→公社】
[搭 1] the Paris Commune 巴黎公社 *anarchy 无政府主义 [搭 2] a 1970s hippy commune 20 世纪 70 年代的嬉皮士群体 *Woodstock Rock Festival 伍德斯托克音乐节 • the smallest division of local government in France and some other countries [搭 2] commune with sb./sth. 与…谈心（或沟通、交融） * have a heart-to-heart talk
communal
/kəˈmjuːnl/ a.公共的；共享的；公社的 【com 共同+mun 公共的+al …的→公共的】
hostel - communal kitchen [近] public : public opinion 公众舆论 common : common sense 常识 sharing : sharing economy 共享经济
community
/kəˈmjuːnəti/ n.社区；社会；团体；共同体 【com 共同+mun 公共的+ity 具备某种性质，状况→公共状态→社会，社区】
[搭 1] community-based epidemic prevention and control 社区疫情防控 * care for community 关爱社区工作者 [搭 2] a community of shared future in cyberspace 网络空间命运共同体 * WIC (World Internet Conference) 世界互联网大会 [例] First, many in Wall Street—a community in which quality control is not prized—will sell investors anything they will buy. 第一课，不论是什么东西，只要有人要买，华尔街那帮人都会想办法弄来卖给你。 ——巴菲特 Community 《废柴联盟》 - What's wrong with you? - I'm sick. I don't know why. - Have you considered the 60-inch - diameter cookie you're eating? (《Community》)
communicate
/kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ v.交流；沟通；传达 【com 共同+mun 公共的+icate→〔大家〕交谈→交流】
[搭] communicate with sb. 与某人交流；沟通 [例 1] To communicate with others is not to persuade them but to know them. 沟通，不是要去说服别人，而是要去了解别人。 [例 2] We integrate, you communicate. 我们集大成，您超越自我。(三菱)
communication
/kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn/ n.交流；沟通；通讯 【communicat(e)+ion 名词后缀→交流】
[搭] mobile communication 移动通信 [拓] subscriber 用户/机主 phone bills 话费账单 free incoming call 接听免费 hidden charges 隐性收费 [例] Absolute honesty isn't always the most diplomatic, nor the safest form of communication with emotional beings. —Interstellar 和情绪化的生物交流时，绝对坦诚，并不总是最得体的方式，也不够安全。 (《星际穿越》)
communicative
/kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪtɪv/ a.交际的；健谈的 【communicat(e)+ive→爱交流的】
[搭] communicative competence 交际能力
immunize
/ˈɪmjunaɪz/ v. (尤指通过注射疫苗) 使免疫 【im 不+mun 公共的+ize 使…→使不受大众〔的影响〕→使免疫】
• to protect a person or an animal from a disease, especially by giving them an injection of a vaccine [搭] immunize sb. against sth. 使某人对…有免疫力
immue
/ɪˈmjuːn/ a.免疫的；免除的，豁免的 【im 不+mun 公共的+e→免除公共责任或义务→免疫的，受保护的】
[搭 1] be immune to sth. 对...有免疫力 (或不受影响) [例] Drinking alcohol can compromise peoples' immune systems and make them more vulnerable to the adverse health effects of COVID-19, according to WHO. 世卫组织称，饮酒会损害人的免疫系统，使其更容易遭受新冠肺炎带来的负面健康影响。 [搭 2] be immune from sth. 幸免于；从· · · · · ·中免除 *run from 逃避
immunity
/ɪˈmjuːnəti/ n.免疫力；豁免权；免除 【im 不+mun 公共的+ity→能免除一般疾病的→免疫】
[搭] parliamentary/congressional immunity (= protection against particular laws that is given to politicians) 议会/ 国会豁免权 diplomatic immunity 外交豁免权
76、priv
= single, alone, 表示“单个”
private
/ˈpraɪvɪt/ a.私人的 【priv+ate→个人的】
[搭] private companies/schools 私营企业/私立学校 private ownership 私人所有制 [law] damaging private or public property 破坏私人或公共财物 [拓] attaching their own locks 上私家锁 the ID plate being scratched 被涂改了号码 [近] personal: personal belongings 个人财产 individual: individual personality 个体人格，独特个性 [辨] personal property vs private property
privacy
/ˈpraɪvəsi/ n.隐私 【priv+acy】
[拓] out in the open 公开
privilege
/ˈprɪvəlɪdʒ/ n.特权；荣幸 【privi+lege 法律→有个人法律→特权】
[搭] power and privilege 权势 special privilege 特权 [例] The privilege of a lifetime is being who you are. 生活赋予你做自己的特权。 Privilege is out there; monopoly is your token. You take all of these auras for granted, whereas pitifully they all will go nowhere for the lack of rationality and justice. 特权也好，垄断也罢，你所认为的理所当然，总有一天会消失，因为它们先天缺乏法理基础，被吞噬也只是时间问题。 Sherlock The problems of your past are your business. The problems of your future are my privilege. 你的过去我不愿过问，参与你的未来是我的荣幸。
privy
/ˈprɪvi/ a.秘密的 【priv+y】
[搭] privy to sth. 准许知情；可参与秘事 If you are privy to something secret, you have been allowed to know about it. [例] Their funding actually comes from a few different sources, both Sovereign Grant and Privy Purse. 王室开销的资金有多种渠道，主要来源于君王拨款（Sovereign Grant）与私人收入（Privy Purse）。
privity
/'prɪvətɪ/ n.私下知悉；共同利益关系 【priv+ity】
[搭] privity of contract 合同相对性；合同当事人原则
deprive
/dɪˈpraɪv/ v.剥夺，夺去 【de 去掉+prive→从个人身边拿走→剥夺】
[搭] deprive sb./sth. of sth. 剥夺某人某事 [写作] Phones add risks to safety and deprive adolescents of opportunities of social communication with others. 过度使用手机聊天软件会增加风险，并剥夺青少年与他人相处交流的机会。 Cloud Atlas 《云图》 Freedom, the fatuous jingle of our civilization. But only those deprived of it have the barest inkling of what it really is. 自由是我们每天随口而出的词，但只有被剥夺了的人才能体会它的真正含义。
deprivation
/ˌdɛprəˈveʃən/ n.剥夺；丧失 【deprive+ation】
[搭] sleep deprivation 睡眠缺乏
77、nov
=new, 表示“新的”
novel
/ˈnɑːvl/ n.小说 a.新奇的，新颖的 【nov 新的+el 物→新奇的故事→小说】
[近] fiction/fable/tale [搭] the Four GreatClassical Novels of Chinese literature 中国四大名著 * sci-fi movie (science fiction movie) 科幻电影 * Romance of the Three Kingdoms 《三国演义》 Journey to the West 《西游记》 All Men Are Brothers/ Water Margin 《水浒传》 A Dream of the Red Mansions 《红楼梦》 novel: not like anything known before, and unusual or interesting [搭] novel idea/approach/method 新颖的观念/方法 [例] The world's biggest show in the mobile communications industry, Mobile World Congress (MWC), has been canceled this year due to concerns about the novel coronavirus outbreak. 出于对新冠肺炎疫情的担忧，全球最大的移动通信展会 ——世界移动通信大会(MWC)取消了今年的活动。
novelty
/ˈnɑːvlti/ n.新奇；新奇的事物 【novel 新奇的+ty→新奇事物】
[搭] It is not, though, the deadliness of SARS that urges caution, but its novelty. (2003.4.3 The Economist) 然而，令人们警惕的并不是 SARS 的致命性，而是它的新奇。 *The Flu 《战疫》
nova
/ˈnoʊvə/ n.[天] 新星 【nov 新的+a→新天体→新星】
[astronomy 天] a star that suddenly becomes much brighter for a short period * supernova 超新星 [拓] Bossa Nova (a type of Latin music) 巴萨诺瓦 * Lisa Ono 小野丽莎 LA VIE EN ROSE Take Me Home Country Roads
novice
/ˈnɑːvɪs/ n.新手；初学者 【nov 新的+ice 表人→新手】
[搭] be a novice at sth. 在某件事上是新手 [例] I'm a complete novice at skiing. 滑雪我完全是个新手。 [近] rookie/newbie/recruit [反] veteran 经验丰富的人，老手；老兵 The oldest and strongest emotion of mankind is fear, and the oldest and strongest kind of fear is fear of the unknown. 人类最古老而强烈的情绪，是恐惧；而最古老最强烈的恐惧，是对未知的恐惧。
novate
/'nəʊveɪt/ v.用新事物代替；契约的代替 【nov 新的+ate 使……→使……变成新的】
Replace with something new, especially an old obligation by a new one 用新的东西代替旧的，尤指新的义务 [搭] novated contracts 变更后的合同
novation
/nə(ʊ)'veɪʃ(ə)n/ n.[法]债券更新；合同变更 【novat(e)+ion】
[搭] novation and release agreement 约务更替及免责协议
innovate
/ˈɪnəveɪt/ v.创新；改革；引入 【in 进入；使+nov 新+ate 表动词→使焕然一新→创新】
[例] I believe you have to be willing to be misunderstood if you're going to innovate. —Jeff Bezos 我相信，要想另辟蹊径就得做好被误解的准备。 * Jeff Bezos: the founder, chief executive officer and president of Amazon 亚马逊的创始人、首席执行官兼总裁 [拓] Put the customer first. Invent. And be patient.
innovation
/ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/ n.创新；改革；新方法 【innovat(e)+ion】
[搭] drive/urge innovation 推动创新 [例] Furthermore, this executive order would stifle innovation and progress in the architecture, engineering and construction industry. 此外，这一行政命令将扼杀建筑、工程和建筑行业的创新和进步。 [近] reformation 改革 renewal 创新；革新
renovate
/ˈrenəveɪt/ v.修复；翻新；更新 【re 重新+nov+ate→重新翻新】
[例] Wuhan made use of the city's sports stadiums and convention centers, and renovate them into mobile cabin hospitals. 武汉把该市的一些体育馆及会展中心改建为数所“方舱医院”。 [拓] ward 病房 clinical tests 临床检验 surgical treatment 外科疗法 makeshift hospital 临时医院
renovation
/ˌrenəˈveɪʃn/ n.翻新；修理；改造 【renovat(e)+ion】
[搭] a gut-renovation (=a complete renovation) 一次彻头彻尾的大改造
78、ball, bol
= throw, dance, ball, 表示“抛，舞，球”
ballroom
/ˈbɔːlruːm/ n.舞厅；宴会厅 【ball 舞+room 房间→舞厅】
[搭] ballroom dancing 交际舞 *tap/step dance 踢踏舞 For the First Time in Forever Anna: For years I've roamed these empty halls Why have a ballroom with no balls? Finally they're opening up the gates ......
ballet
/ˈbæleɪ/ n.芭蕾舞；芭蕾舞剧 【ball 舞+et 小→舞蹈→芭蕾舞】
[搭] ballet flats 芭蕾平底鞋 water ballet 花样游泳；水上芭蕾 Royal Ballet 皇家芭蕾舞团 Black Swan 《黑天鹅》 [例] In addition to a 1958 TV series, multiple Broadway plays, a musical, a ballet, and an opera, Little Women has been made into more than a half-dozen movies. 除 1958 年版电视剧外，《小妇人》还被改编成多部百老汇戏剧、一部音乐剧、一部芭蕾剧、 一部歌剧，还有不止 6 部电影。
ballon
/bəˈluːn/ n.气球；热气球 v.膨胀；激增 【ball 球+oon 表物→气球】
[搭] blow up a balloon 吹气球 burst/pop a balloon 使气球爆裂 [Idioms] when the balloon goes up 意料中的麻烦出现时；（不出所料）出乱子时 go down like a lead balloon 非常失败；不被接受 [例] Trade deficits have ballooned. 贸易逆差急速增大。 *trade surplus 贸易顺差
bullet
/ˈbʊlɪt/ n.子弹；弹丸 【bull〔= ball〕球+et 小→小球→子弹】
[搭 1] bite the bullet 忍痛，咬紧牙关 *grit one's teeth [搭 2] bullet screen 弹幕 bullet train 动车 Let The Bullets Fly 《让子弹飞》 [例] “This is no way in the world, with the legs, the way there.” “世界上本没有路，有了腿便有了路。” （《让子弹飞》）
ballad
/ˈbæləd/ n.民谣；歌谣；流行情歌 【ball+ad 东西，状态→伴随〔民间〕舞蹈的歌谣→民歌】
[例] Love Of My Life is one of Queen's most gorgeous, affecting romantic ballads. Love of my life（我的至爱）是皇后乐队最华丽、最动人的浪漫情歌之一。 Love Of My Life - Queen
ballot
/ˈbælət/ n.投票选举；选票 v.无记名投票 【ball 球+ot→〔投票用的〕小球→投票】
[近] vote : cast a vote 投票 vote for/against sb./sth. 投票赞成/反对某人（某事） poll : carry out/conduct a poll 进行民意测验 [搭] by ballot 投票选举（或表决）；按抽签决定 cast a ballot 投票 secret ballot 不记名投票 ballot box 投票箱 [例] There should be a seven-day cooling- off period between a strike ballot and industrial action. 在举行罢工投票表决和采取劳工行动之间应当有 7 天的冷静期。 *industrial action （罢工等）劳工行动 [拓] labour of love 因兴趣嗜好而做的事 work like a beaver 兢兢业业干活 work one's fingers to the bone 拼命工作 • to vote secretly about sth.
symbol
/ˈsɪmbl/ n.象征；符号；标志 【sym 共同+bol 球→共同〔代表事物的〕球形符号→象征】
[近] mark : trade mark 商标 mark on 做标记 sign : traffic sign 交通标志 signal : When I give the signal, run! 我一发信号，你就跑！ [例] Stinky tofu is a symbol of Changsha street snack, and it is also called "chòu gānzi" by local people. 臭豆腐是长沙街头小吃的象征，当地人也称 其为“臭干子”。
symbolize
/ˈsɪmbəlaɪz/ v.象征；用符号表现 【symbol 符号；象征+ize …化→用符号表示；象征】
red packet 红包 (cash wrapped up in red paper, symbolize fortune and wealth in the coming year) *gift/lucky money 压岁钱 [拓] firecrackers 炮竹 Spring Festival couplets 春联 New Year paintings 年画 paper cuttings 剪纸
79、orn
= embellish, 表示“装饰”
adorn
/əˈdɔːrn/ v.装饰，修饰 【ad 加以+orn 装饰→装饰】
[近] decorate： to make sth. look more attractive by putting things on it decorate the new house 装饰新房 embellish：to make sth. more beautiful by adding decorations to it embellish the story 添枝加叶；添油加醋 Over the last 45 years, the mouthless cartoon cat adorned with trademark hair bow has generated billions of dollars. 过去 45 年来，这只头戴标志性蝴蝶结、没有嘴巴的卡通猫咪已带来了数十亿美元的收入。 [拓] online discount platform 在线折扣平台 copycat commodity/knockoff 山寨商品 third-party vendor 第三方供应商
adornment
/əˈdɔːrnmənt/ n.装饰；装饰品 【adorn+ment】
[例] Cosmetics are used for adornment. 化妆品是用来打扮的。 *pressed powder 粉饼 lipstick 口红；唇膏 makeup remover 卸妆水 The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. 时尚界深知专注于物质装饰和理想化的体型是其固有的问题。
ornament
/ˈɔːrnəmənt/ n.装饰品 v.装饰；美化 【orna〔= orn〕装饰+ment 表名词→装饰品】
Trump campaign tree ornament sold out on Amazon despite costing $149 apiece. 尽管售价 149 美元，特朗普竞选圣诞挂件依然在亚马逊火爆销售。 [搭] be ornamented with 饰有…… [例] a room richly ornamented with carving 雕饰得富丽堂皇的屋子
ornate
/ɔːrˈneɪt/ a.华丽的；装饰的 【orn 装饰+ate 有…性质的→华丽的；装饰的】
[搭] wearing a ornate black dress 身着华丽黑色长裙
suborn
/səˈbɔːrn/ v.收买，贿赂；唆使 【sub 在下面+orn→在下面装饰别人→贿赂】
[搭] suborn a witness 收买证人 [例] He was accused of conspiring to suborn witnesses. 他被指控图谋收买证人。 [搭] suborn perjury 唆使提供伪证
80、tect
= cover, 表示“盖上”
detect
/dɪˈtekt/ v.发现；查明；检测 【de 打开+tect→把盖上的打开→发觉】
Facebook staffers said in a blog post that the company has "built a system to detect clickbait headlines." 脸书员工在博客中表示公司已经“建立了一个检测‘标题党’的系统。” *clickbait 标题党 bait 诱饵 [拓] typos 打字/拼写错误 media bias 媒体偏见 deep fakes 虚假视频 phishing 网络诈骗
undetected
/ˌʌndɪˈtektɪd/ a.未被发现的；未检测到的 【un 不+detect 发觉+ed→未被发觉的】
[搭] go undetected 不被发现；未被察觉
detection
/dɪˈtekʃn/ n.侦查；探测；察觉 【detect 发觉+ion 动作或状态→发觉】
[搭] signal detection 信号检测 automatic detection 自动检测 detection rate 破案率 *crack the case 破案
detective
/dɪˈtektɪv/ n.侦探；警探 a.侦探的 【detect 发觉+ive 表名词→侦探】
[搭] detective story 侦探小说 private detective 私家侦探 detective film 侦探片 *Se7en 《七宗罪》 ''People don't want a champion. They want to eat cheeseburgers.'' “人们可不想要冠军，他们只想吃芝士汉堡。“
protect
/prəˈtekt/ v.保护；防护；防卫 【pro 在前+tect 盖上→出现前就盖上→保护】
[搭] protect sb./sth. against/from sth. 保护某人/某物不受...的侵害 You got a dream, you gotta protect it. People can't do something themselves, they wanna tell you you can't do it. If you want something, go get it. Period. 如果你有梦想的话，就要去捍卫它。那些一事无成的人想告诉你你也成不了大器。如果你有理想的话，就要去努力实现。就这样。（《当幸福来敲门》）
protection
/prəˈtekʃn/ n.保护；防卫；护身符 【protect+ion】
[搭] environmental protection 环境保护 fire protection/control/fighting 消防 *firefighter 消防员 ''By holding a gun to everyone on earth and calling it protection.'' “拿枪指着全地球的人还号称保护。” Vibranium 振金 LeBron James - Lebranium Linsanity 林疯狂（林书豪）
81、cult
= till, 表示“耕种，培养”
cult
/kʌlt/ n.崇拜；异教团体；宗教信仰 【cult→[对精神的]培养→崇拜，引申为教派】
[搭] cult of sth. 对（生活方式、看法、观念等的）崇拜 [例] the cult of physical fitness 健身热
cultivate
/ˈkʌltɪveɪt/ v.耕作；培养 【cult 培育+iv 有…性质的+ate 使…】
[搭 1] cultivate talents 培养人才 [搭 2] cultivate a sense of responsibility/belonging/awareness 培养责任感 / 培养归属感/ 培养意识 [拓] 口语：如何表示“培养……感觉”？ [例] A good leader can make their staff feel like they belong. 一位好的领导会培养人员的归属感。
cultivation
/ˌkʌltɪˈveɪʃn/ n.栽培；培养 【cultivat(e)+ion】
[搭] talent cultivation 人才培养
culture
/ˈkʌltʃər/ n.文化 【cult+ure→[对心灵的]培养→人类文化】
[搭 1] popular culture (= that is enjoyed by a lot of people) 大众文化 [搭 2] company culture 企业文化 *tune(曲调)→iTunes [搭 3] reverse culture shock 逆向文化冲击 [例] While the videos have a cinematic quality to them, it's her deep knowledge of food, nature, and Chinese culture that impresses viewers. 李子柒的视频有着电影质感，但真正令观众惊艳的，是她对于食物、自然和中国文化的深厚知识底蕴。 *A Bite of China 《舌尖上的中国》
agriculture
/ˈæɡrɪˌkʌltʃər/ n.农业；农学 【agri 田地+culture 文化，引申为养殖业→农业】
[搭] issues relating to agriculture, rural areas and farmers “三农”（农业、农村、农民）问题
agricultural
/ˌæɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəl/ a.农业的；农艺的 【agricultur(e)+al】
[搭] agricultural policy/production/development 农业政策╱生产╱发展
82、termin
= limit, 表示“界限”
terminal
/ˈtɜːrmɪnl/ n.航空站；终点站 a.晚期的 【termin 界限+al …的→终结的】
[搭] terminal 1 at Shanghai Pudong International Airport 上海浦东国际机场 1 号航站楼 [拓] luggage claim 行李领取处 transfer flight 转机航班 connecting passenger 转机旅客 [搭] a railway/bus/ferry terminal 铁路/公共汽车终点站；渡船码头 * ferry berth/pier/port 泊位；（木质小的）码头；（大型）码头 [例] Wang Hengjiang, deputy general manager of China Mobile Terminal Company, said the 5G phones will witness a market explosion with a scale of over 150 million units this year. 中国移动终端公司副总经理汪恒江表示，今年 5G 手机市场将出现爆发式增长，其规模将超 1.5 亿部。 [例] At the start of The Farewell, Chinese American New Yorker Billi learns that her beloved grandmother has terminal cancer. 在电影《别告诉她》的开头，美籍华裔纽约人比莉得知她亲爱的奶奶已是癌症晚期了。 * bid farewell to 告别 [例] The industry is in terminal decline. 该行业每况愈下，一蹶不振。 [搭] terminal/final examination (at the end of a course, etc.) 期终/期末考试
terminate
/ˈtɜːrmɪneɪt/ v.(使) 终止，结束；到达终点站 【termin 界限+ate 使…→定出界限→结束】
[搭 1] terminate a contract 终止合同；解除契约 [搭 2] terminate the account 封号 * live streaming platforms 网络直播平台 niche market 细分市场 [例] This train terminates at London Victoria. 这趟列车的终点站是伦敦维多利亚火车站。
termination
/ˌtɜːrmɪˈneɪʃn/ n.结束；末端；终止妊娠 【termin 界限+ation 结果→终结】
terminator
/'tɜːmɪneɪtə/ n.终结者；明暗界限 【terminat(e)+or】
“There is no fate, but what we make for ourselves. ” 没有命运，我们创造命运。（人定胜天） The Terminator 《终结者》
terminology
/ˌtɜːrmɪˈnɑːlədʒi/ n.术语；专有名词 【termin 界限+ology…学→限定〔概念〕的学科→术语学】
[近] term technology onym antonym 反义词 synonym 同义词
terminus
/ˈtɜːrmɪnəs/ n.(铁路或公交路线的) 终点站 【termin 界限+us 表名词，科学术语→界限的点→终点】
* On a bus or train route, the terminus is the last stop, where the bus or train turns round or starts a journey in the opposite direction. [搭] an underground terminus 地铁终点站
determine
/dɪˈtɜːrmɪn/ v. (使) 下决心；决定；限定 【de 加强+termin 界限+e→加强界限→限定】
[搭] determine on sth./ to do sth. 决定，决心（做某事） * decide/make up one's mind What we do during our working hours determines what we have; what we do in our leisure hours determines what we are. —George Eastman 工作时间做的事决定我们拥有什么；闲暇时间做的事决定我们成为哪种人。
determined
/dɪˈtɜːrmɪnd/ a. 坚定的；下决心的 【de 加强+termin 界限+ed→下决心的】
[搭] be determined to do sth. * determine to do sth. 下定决心（做某事） [例] lf his was more than a vague ambition, if he was determined, to discover the truth, there's no way we could prevent him. —The Truman Show 如果他不只是一个模糊的野心，如果他有决心，去发现真相，我们就不可能阻止他。
determination
/dɪˌtɜːrmɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 决心；果断；测定 【determin(e)+ation】
[拓] dogged determination 顽强的决心
interminable
/ɪnˈtɜːrmɪnəbl/ a.冗长的；无止尽的 【in 无+termin 界限+able…的→没有界限的→无穷无尽的】
If you're a regular Internet user, have you ever felt a mounting sense of tension during what seems like an interminable wait for a web page to load? If so, calm down, you could be on the point of succumbing to a bout of web rage! 如果你经常上网，是不是有时会因为网页打开太慢而觉得急躁、不耐烦？ 如果是这样的话，请你冷静，你可能正处于网怒情绪爆发的边缘！ * web/kitchen/road rage
83、fin
= end, boundary, 表示“结束，范围”
finish
/ˈfɪnɪʃ/ v.完成，结束 n.结尾；末道漆；抛光 【fin+ish】
[搭 1] finish with sb. 与某人断绝关系 finish sth. off/up 吃完，喝光，用尽（所剩之物） *use up/run out of [搭 2] put the finishing touches to 做最后的加工（或润饰） *to add the final improvements to something so that you are satisfied with it or certain that it is complete [搭 3] finish each other's sentences 心意相通 *to be able to read each other's minds 心有灵犀 [近] end: eventually reach or come to a specified place, state, or course of action You could end up with a higher income. 你最终会获得更高的收入。 accomplish: achieve or complete successfully Mission accomplished. = Mission complete. 大功告成。 You can finish the longest road step by step. But you may be unable to finish the shortest road if you have no action of striding. 再长的路，一步步也能走完。 再短的路，不迈开双脚也无法到达。 [搭] a close finish 几乎平手的结局 from start to finish 从始至终 [搭] matte finish 磨砂质地 *midnight green 暗夜绿 bathroom heater 浴霸（摄像头） magic red 魔力红
finance
/ˈfaɪnæns/ n.资金，财政 v.提供资金 【fin+ance→最后起作用的东西→资金】
[搭] government/public/personal finances 政府/公共/个人财力 Shanghai University of Finance and Economics (SUFE) 上海财经大学 [拓] above water （尤指财务上）勉强应付过去，惨淡经营 *Not in extreme difficulty. Especially said of finances. "To keep your head above water" is a colorful expression that means staying out of debt. “避免破产，保住自己”是一种饶有趣味的表达方法，意思是力求免于欠债。
finite
/ˈfaɪnaɪt/ a.有限的 【fin+ite】
We must accept finite disappointment, but we must never lose infinite hope. ——Martin Luther King 我们必须接受有限的失望，但千万不可失去无限的希望。
infinite
/ˈɪnfɪnət/ a.无限的 【in 无+finite】
[搭] infinite loop 无限循环 man of infinite refinement 千古风流人物 Knowledge is infinite. 学无止境。 [近] boundless: without limits; seeming to have no end children with boundless energy 精力充沛的孩子 tremendous: very great in amount, scale, or intensity tremendous amount of time 大量时间 The Legend of 1900 《海上钢琴师》 They are not infinite, you are infinite. And on those 88 keys, the music you can make is infinite. 它们是有限的，而你是无限的。在这 88 个琴键上，你所创作出的音乐是无限的。
confine
/kənˈfaɪn/ v.限制，监禁 【con 全部+fine 限制→全限制→监禁】
[搭] confine sb./sth. to... 使局限于… be confined to 人因疾病、残疾无法离开（床、家、轮椅） [例] He had been confined to a wheelchair for some time. 他被困在轮椅上已有一段时间了。 The Strain 《血族》 A new strain of COVID-19 Our strigoi counterparts no longer have to confine themselves to the darkness. 我们的返魂尸伙伴不再需要瑟缩于黑暗之中。 [近] restrict: limit someone to only doing or having (a particular thing) or staying in (a particular place) restrict someone to 限定某人只做某事 limit: to stop sth. from increasing beyond a particular amount or level limit the amount you drink 限制你的饮酒量
confined
/kənˈfaɪnd/ a.有限制的；狭窄的 【confine+ed】
[搭] confined space 密闭空间 *claustrophobia 幽闭恐惧症
define
/dɪˈfaɪn/ v.限定；下定义 【de 加强+fin 范围+e→确定范围→限定】
[搭] define sth. as sth. 把某物定义为...... 73% of people define binge-watching as "watching between 4-6 episodes or more of the same TV show in one sitting." 73% 的人定义 binge-watching 是一口气看同一部剧的 4-6 集甚至更多集…… *binge watching / binge viewing 疯狂追剧、刷剧 Never be defined by your past. It was just a lesson, not a life sentence. 永远不要被你的过去所定义。这只是一个教训，而不是无期徒刑。
definition
/ˌdefɪˈnɪʃn/ n.定义；（轮廓）清晰 【define+ition】
[搭 1] by definition 本质上，内在本性上 [例 1] Human perception is highly imperfect and by definition subjective. 人的感知具有高度缺陷，而且天性主观。 [搭 2] standard definition 标清 high definition 高清 *blue ray 蓝光 1080P (Progressive scanning 逐行扫描) 一种视频显示格式 [例 2] On the app, users can replace a star's face with their own by uploading their own high-definition photos. 在该应用中，用户可以上传自己的高清照来替换明星的脸。 [拓] face-swapping application 换脸软件 facial recognition 面部识别 face-scanning payment system 刷脸支付 Not all who wander are aimless. Especially not those who seek truth beyond tradition, beyond definition, beyond the image. 不是所有游荡的人都漫无目的，特别是那些越过传统，越过定义，超乎想象追寻真理的人。 ——Mona Lisa Smile
definitive
/dɪˈfɪnətɪv/ a.决定性的 【define+itive】
[搭] a definitive diagnosis 确诊 definitive edition/version 最终版；权威版
affinity
/əˈfɪnəti/ n.亲戚；密切关系 【af+fin 范围+ity→一再能进[别人]范围→亲密】
[例] Men often discover their affinity to each other by the mutual love they have for a book, a movie, a rock star or something else. 人们常常因为喜欢同一本书、一部电影、一位摇滚明星或其他东西而结为知己。
84、leg, legis
= law, 表示“法律”
legal
/ˈliːɡl/ a.法律的；合法的 【leg 法律+al…的→法律的】
[例] the popular legal drama Suits 受人欢迎的律政剧《金装律师》 *suit 套装；诉讼 paralegal 律师助理；辅助律师业务的 [拓] CodeX 斯坦福大学法律信息中心 Mission: Legal Empowerment through Information Technology 通过信息技术为法律赋能
illegal
/ɪˈliːɡl/ a.不合法的；非法的 【il 不，无+legal 合法的→非法的】
[搭] illegal alien 非法移民 undocumented/unauthorized immigrants [例] Is crowd-funding illegal in China? 众筹在中国是非法的吗? [拓] illegal fund-raising 非法集资
legally
/ˈliːɡəli/ adv.法律上；合法地 【leg 法律+al…的+ly→法律上地】
[例] The aliens can work legally in China with Z visa. 外国人可以持 Z 字签证在中国合法工作。 [拓] Z visa 外籍人士工作签证 Z (issued to persons who apply for work in China) L visa 外籍人士旅游签证 L (issued to persons who come to China for travel) F visa 外籍人士商务签证 F (issued to persons who come to China for exchanges, visits, study tours or other relevant activities)
legality
/lɪˈɡæləti/ n.合法性 【leg 法律+ality 表性质→合法性】
delegate
/ˈdelɪɡət/ n.代表 v.授权；委派……为代表 【de 向下，离开+leg+ate→依法授权，委托】
[搭] chief delegate 首席代表 [例] The conference was attended by delegates from 56 countries. 此次会议有来自 56 个国家的代表出席。 [近] representative [僻] delegate 选举人票(n.) [搭] delegate… to 委托给……(=transfer power to someone) [例] Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion. Instead, it may highlight your inability to delegate effectively. 承担更多的工作，可能不会给你带来晋升。相反，它可能突显出你没有有效委派任务的能力。
relegate
/ˈrelɪɡeɪt/ v. 贬职；使降级；把…委托给 【re 反+leg+ate 表动词→违反法律的人被→贬值，降级】
[搭] relegate…to 委托给… [例] She likes to relegate difficult questions to her colleagues. 她喜欢把困难的问题推给同事。 [拓] pin the blame on sb. 把全部责任推给某人，甩锅 pass the buck 推卸责任 [习] be made a scapegoat for… 成为……的替罪羊，背锅 [例] Relaxing is hugely important, but it's something we often relegate to the back burner of our lives. Thanks to mobile phones and everything they allow us to do, it means that often when we are 'relaxing' , we are still 'switched-on' . 放松是非常重要的，但我们常把它放在生活的次要地位。多亏了手机和其它一切电子设备，当 “放松”的时候，我们仍处于“打开”状态。
legislate
/ˈledʒɪsleɪt/ v. 立法 【legis+late 放→放出法律→立法】
[同] legislate = make laws [例] The government will legislate against discrimination in the workplace. 政府将制定法律：在工作场所禁止歧视。 [拓] workplace anti-bullying laws《禁止职场欺凌法》 verbal abuse 言语虐待；口头谩骂 unspoken/hidden rules 潜规则
legislative
/ˈledʒɪsleɪtɪv/ a. 立法的 n. 立法权 【legislat(e)+ive】
[搭] legislative body 立法机关 The Legislative Council 立法会
legislation
/ˌledʒɪsˈleɪʃn/ n. 法规；法律 【legislat(e)+ion】
legislature
/ˈledʒɪsleɪtʃər/ n. 立法机关 【impetu(s)+ous】
[搭] supreme legislature 最高立法机构 = top legislature
illegitimate
/ˌɪləˈdʒɪtəmət/ a. 不合法的；私生的 【il 不＋legitim[=legis 合法]+ate→不合法的】
[搭] illegitimate child 私生子 [例] Illegal behaviors include failing to remind users to read privacy policies when they install or use the apps, and collecting personal information for illegitimate purposes. 违法行为包括，在用户安装或使用 app 时没有提醒用户阅读隐私政策，以及出于非法用途收集用户个人信息。
85、grat, gree
= pleasing, 表示“感激，高兴”
gratitude
/ˈɡrætɪtuːd/ n.感激，感恩 【grat 令人高兴的+itude 状态→感激】
[搭] express gratitude to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人表示感激 debt of gratitude 人情债 * I owe you a great debt of gratitude (= feel extremely grateful). 我对你感激不尽。 [写作] I am writing this letter to extend my heartfelt gratitude to you for the hospitality you offer me... [例] I have worked my fingers to the bone to bring you two up, but what have you ever done to show your gratitude? 我含辛茹苦把你们两个抚养成人，可是你们做的哪一件事对得起我？ * work one's fingers to the bone 努力工作，干活卖力 put one's finger in the fire 自讨苦吃
gratuity
/grəˈtuəti/ n.赏钱；赠品 【grat 令人高兴的+uity→因高兴才给→赏钱】
[formal] money given in return for some service or favour, in particular a tip given to a waiter, taxi driver, etc. [近] service charge/ tip * Gratuity is another type of tip, while tip is the most common word spoken in America. Reservoir Dogs 《落水狗》 I tip when somebody really deserves a tip. If they put forth an effort, I'll give them something extra. But I mean, this tipping automatically, that's for the birds.They are just doing their job. * for the birds 对牛弹琴, 毫无意义
gratuitous
/ɡrəˈtuːɪtəs/ a.无缘无故的； 免费的 【来自 gratuity 给小费可多可少，所以“无缘无故的”】
[搭] a gratuitous lie/liar 胡诌/胡诌的人 gratuitous violence 无正当理由使用暴力 * undue anger 过度愤怒 temper tantrums 大发脾气
ingratiate
/ɪnˈɡreʃiˌeɪt/ v.迎合，讨好 【in 进入+grat+iate→使(别人)进入高兴→讨好】
[搭] ingratiate oneself with sb. 讨好/巴结/迎合某人 [例] Charm and ingratiate yourself with your enemy. When you have gained his trust, move against him in secret. 用魅力讨好你的敌人。一旦取得信任，便暗中与之作对。 * 三十六计之笑里藏刀 (covering the dagger with a smile) [近] cater: try to satify (a particular need or demand) He catered to her every whim. 他对她百依百顺。 pander: gratify or indulge (an immoral or distasteful desire) pander to people's baser instincts 迎合人们的低级趣味
ingratiating
/ɪnˈɡreʃiˌetɪŋ/ a.讨好的，奉承的 【ingratiate 讨好+ing→讨好的】
[搭] an ingratiating smile 阿谀奉承的微笑
gratify
/ˈɡrætɪfaɪ/ v.使满足；使高兴 【grat 令人高兴的+ify 使…→使(人)高兴，满足】
[例] One must always conduct oneself properly without seeking to gratify personal interests. This is the way for one to stand upright, firm, and fearless. 做人要端正，不贪私利。方能一身正气，无所畏惧。 *Less interests, more interest. 少一些功利主义的追求，多一些不为什么的坚持。 One can be austere if he has no selfish desires. 无欲则刚。 [辨] gratify vs satisfy gratify: give someone pleasure or satisfaction I was gratified by their invitation. 收到他们的邀请，我感到很高兴。 satisfy: meet the expectations, needs, or desires of someone satisfy sb.'s curiosity 满足好奇心 Nothing satisfies him. 万事难如他意
gratification
/ˌɡrætɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ n.满足；喜悦 【gratify 使...高兴+ication 表名词→满足】
[搭] self-gratification 自我满足 instant gratification 即刻满足 delayed gratification 延迟满足 *take things as they are 安于现状，随遇而安 Nirvana—Come as you are 做你自己
grateful
/ˈɡreɪtfl/ a.感谢的；愉快的 【grate(=grat)感谢+ful…的→感谢的】
【grate(=grat)感谢+ful…的→感谢的】 [搭] be grateful to sb. for sth. 因某事对某人充满感激 be grateful to do sth. 感激做某事 ''Be grateful for that.'' “知足吧！”（《反击》） [写作] I would be grateful if ... 若......，我将不胜感激。（尤用于书信或正式场合提出请求）
ingrate
/ˈɪnɡreɪt/ n.忘恩负义之人 a.忘恩负义的 【in 不+grate→不感激→忘恩负义】
[例] ''That ingrate burned me up.'' “那个忘恩负义的家伙令我满腔怒火。” （《老友记》）
grace
/ɡreɪs/ n.优雅；恩典 v.装饰；为...增光 【gra(= grat)+ce，感激别人态度一定好→文雅】
[例] She has all the social graces. 她很有社交风度。 *social media 社交媒体 group chat 群聊 kick out / remove 踢出群，移出群 block 拉黑 ''Your Grace.'' “陛下。” (Game of Thrones) *Your majesty. 阁下。 [例] Will you be gracing us with your presence tonight? 请问您今晚能否赏光？
gracious
/ˈɡreɪʃəs/ a.亲切的；优雅的 int.天哪；哎呀 【grac(e) 优美，文雅+ious …的→文雅的；亲切的】
[搭] gracious invitation 盛情邀请 [例] Give to a gracious message a host of tongues, but let ill tidings tell themselves when they be felt. ―William Shakespeare 悦耳的喜讯不妨极口渲染，不幸的噩耗还是缄口不言，让那身受之人自己感受为好。 [例] -I hope you didn't mind my phoning you. -Good gracious, no, of course not. “希望你不会介意我打电话给你。”“啊呀，当然不会。” *Dear me! / Jesus Christ! / For God's sake! / Hell no! / WTF!
86、par
= equal, 表示“平等”
parity
/ˈpærəti/ n.平等，相同；平价 【par+ity 具备某种性质→平等】
the state of being equal, especially the state of having equal pay or status (尤指薪金或地位)的平等 = equality [搭] parity with predictions of dollar parity with the euro 美元与欧元平价的预言 [搭] parity between A and B parity between mental and physical health care 心理和生理健康之间的平等 [例] While women certainly have made great strides toward pay parity in the past 30 years, there is still a gap in earnings between men and women in equivalent professions. 尽管在过去 30 年中，女性在实现薪酬均等方面取得了巨大进步，但在从事同等职业的男性和女性之间仍存在收入差距。
imparity
/ɪm'pærəti/ n.不平等，不同 【im 不+parity→不平等】
[搭] information imparity 信息不对称 imparity/inequality clause 不平等条款(霸王条款) [辨析] impunity n.免于惩罚 impurity n.杂质；不纯
disparity
/dɪˈspærəti/ n.不等；差异，悬殊 【dis 不+parity→不平等】
[搭] to entrench poverty and racial disparities 加剧贫困和种族不平等 [例] You meant to marry Mrs Crawley. She seems very nice and I wish you both every happiness. But that doesn't prevent me from seeing the wide disparity in class and background may prove your undoing. Downton Abbey 《唐顿庄园》
partake
/pɑːrˈteɪk/ v.参与；分担；分享 【par+take 拿→每人拿平等的一份→参与；分享】
[搭] to partake in a weeklong academic session over winter break 在寒假期间参加为期一周的学术会议 [拓] fake/ghost followers 僵尸粉 (do not partake in liking, commenting, and posting 不点赞、不评论、不发言)
disparage
/dɪˈspærɪdʒ/ v.贬低；抨击；诋毁 【dis 不+par+age 表行为→使不相等→贬低】
[近] degrade pick at *Thucydides's trap 修昔底德陷阱 *middle-class trap 中产阶级陷阱 When men are full of envy they disparage everything whether it be good or bad. (Tacitus)
disparate
/ˈdɪspərət/ a.不同的；多元的 【dis 不+par+ate 有…性质的→不相等的】
clearly different from each other in quality or type [近] diverse [例] Income is concentrated in a few metropolitan centers, whereas production is distributed throughout the country. Alibaba connects production in these disparate regions to the sources of market demand and consumption. 收入分配集中在几个大都市中心，而生产则分布在全国各地。阿里巴巴将来自这些不同地区的生产与市场需求和消费的来源连接了起来。 [拓] From: Jack Ma Is Retiring. Is China's Economy Losing Steam? (The Economists) 马云要退休，中国的经济失去动力了吗？ * steamed bread/bun 包子 [拓] step down 辞职 international capital markets 国际资本市场 variable interest entity 可变利益实体
compare
/kəmˈper/ v.比较，对比 n.比较 【com 共同+par+e→放在一起看是否相等→比较】
[搭] compare A with/to B compare notes (with sb.) 交换看法(或意见) [例] Don't compare yourself with other people; compare yourself with who you were yesterday. —Jordan Peterson 不要拿自己和别人比较，要拿自己和昨天的自己比较。 * 12 Rules for Life 《人生十二法则》 an antidote to chaos 应对混乱生活的一剂良药 [例] Some of us get dipped in flat, some in stain, some in gloss. But every once in a while you find someone who's iridescent, and when you do, nothing will ever compare. —Flipped (《怦然心动》) 有人在高楼，有人在深沟，有人光万丈，有人一身锈。 世人万千种，浮云莫去求，斯人若彩虹，遇上方知有。 [搭] beyond/without compare 无与伦比 The landscape here is beyond compare. 这边风景独好。
comparable
/ˈkɑːmpərəbl/ a.相当的；可比较的 【compar(e)+able 可…的→可比较的】
[搭] roughly equal/comparable/equivalent 基本相同的 [搭] be comparable to/with sb./sth. Symptoms of smartphone addiction are comparable to substance abuse. 智能手机成瘾的症状与滥用药物相似。
comparative
/kəmˈpærətɪv/ a.比较的；相当的 【compar(e)+ative 有…倾向的→比较的】
[搭] comparative literature 比较文学 the comparative method 比较法 [近] relative
comparison
/kəmˈpærɪsn/ n.比较；对照；对比 【compar(e)+ison→平等地放在一起→比较】
[搭] make/draw a comparison 作比较 by/in comparison (with sb./sth.) 与…相比较 there's no comparison 无法相比，根本不能相提并论
87、tribut
= give, 表示“给予”
tribute
/ˈtrɪbjuːt/ n.致敬；悼念；礼物；赞扬；贡品 【tribut 给予+e→赠品；赞扬】
[搭] pay tribute to 称赞；致敬 pay silent tribute to 默哀 *observe a moment of silence stand in silent tribute to 肃立默哀 Ridicule is the tribute paid to the genius by the mediocrities. 奚落是庸才对天才的颂歌。 *mediocrity n.平庸之才；平庸 mediocre a.平庸的，普通的 tribute band 翻唱乐队；致敬乐队 A tribute band is a musical group dedicated to performing the music of one particular group, usually a very famous one. ''Yesterday'' Pomplamoose - Don't Start Now (groove) The Big Band Season 2 《乐队的夏天 2》
tributary
/ˈtrɪbjəteri/ a.进贡的 n.支流 【tribut 给予+ary …的→给予东西→进贡的】
attribute
/əˈtrɪbjuːt//ˈætrɪbjuːt/ n.属性 v.把…归因于 【at 加强动作+tribute→[把原因]给出→归因】
[搭] key attribute of ...的主要特征 product attribute 产品属性 *product supply chain 产品供应链 The weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is the attribute of the strong. 弱者从不宽恕任何人和事。宽恕是强者的特征。 [搭] attribute (sth.) to 把…归因于 Taylor said that people will try and match her lyrics with her exes so ''they can attribute to each song.'' 霉霉说，人们会试图将她的前任和歌词对号入座，以便“让每首歌都能和某个前男友扯上因果关系。”
attribution
/ˌætrɪˈbjuːʃn/ n.归因；属性；归属 【attribute+ion】
retribution
/ˌretrɪˈbjuːʃn/ n.报应；报偿；惩罚 【re 回+tribut 给予+ion 表名词→给回去→报酬】
Resident Evil: Retribution 《生化危机 5：惩罚》 The disaster you will encounter one day is the retribution that you accumulate in each lazy time. —Napoleon 你有一天将遭遇的灾祸是你某一段时间疏懒的报应。 *encounter with 遇到，邂逅
88、sign
= mark, sign, 表示“符号；标志；迹象”
sign
/saɪn/ n.记号，符号；信号；标志 v.签署；签名；示意
[搭] a road/traffic sign 道路 / 交通标志 a shop/pub sign 商店 / 酒吧招牌 show no sign/signs of 无迹象 [例] A road hog nearly ran me over at the crossing as he failed to stop at the sign. 在十字路口，一个闯红灯的家伙差点把我撞倒，他并没看信号灯停车。 * road hog 路霸 top dog 头号人物；头儿 [搭] sign to sb. (to do sth.) 向某人示意 / 打手势 [例] Sign (your name) here, please. 请在这里签名
assign
/əˈsaɪn/ v.分配，分派，指派 【as<ad 表方向+sign 记号→对东西做记号→分配，分派】
[搭] assign sth. to sb. / assign sb. sth. 给某人分配（某物）/ 分派，布置（工作、任务等） Things do not have meaning. We assign meaning to everything. “事物本身无意义，我们赋予其意义。” —— Tony Robbins 托尼·罗宾斯
resign
/rɪˈzaɪn/ v.辞职；放弃；听从 【re 向后+sign 符号→签字退位→辞职；放弃】
[搭] resign from sth. / as sth. 辞职；辞去（某职务） resign oneself to sth. 听任；只好接受
designate
/ˈdezɪɡneɪt/ v.标明；命名；指派 a.指定的 【de 向下+sign 符号+ate→用符号写下来→标明，指出】
[近] designate: officially appoint (someone) to a specified position assign: give sb. sth. that they can use, or some work or responsibility appoint: choose sb. for a job or position of responsibility [例] The government officially designated the area (as) a non-smoking area. 政府把这个区域正式划定为无烟区。 * smoke-free 无烟的 tax-free 免税的 [拓] tax reduction 减税 tax exemption 免税 zero-tariff policy 零关税政策
89、pon, pound
=put, 表示“放置”
component
/kəmˈpəʊnənt/ a.组成的 n.部分 【com 共同+pon+ent→共同的放到一起→组成的】
[搭] to break sth. down into its component parts 将某物分成若干组成部分 *component parts 零部件，配件 [例] Avocado is an essential component of my daily diet. I feel incomplete without it in at least one of my meals. 牛油果是我每日饮食不可或缺的一部分了，哪一餐不吃我就觉得少了点什么。 [拓] broccoli 西兰花 runny eggs 溏心蛋 toast 吐司 brunch 早午餐 [近] element/constituent [例] Caffeine is the active constituent of drinks such as tea and coffee. 咖啡因是茶和咖啡这类饮品的活性成分。
opponent
/əˈpəʊnənt/ a.对立的 n.对手；反对者 【op 反+pon+ent→反着放→对立的】
[搭 1] a dangerous/worthy/formidable opponent 危险的/势均力敌的/强大的对手 [例] People having a crab mentality are all the time trying to bring their opponent down. “螃蟹心理”的人总是想着打压对手。 * crab mentality 螃蟹心理 [拓] crab apple 形容脾气酸臭的人 fish tale/story 谎言 You are my lobster. 你是我的最爱。 The world is somebody's oyster. 世界尽在你掌握。 [近] rival/competitor 敌手/竞争者 [搭 2] opponent of sth. 反对某事的人 opponents of abortion 反对堕胎的人
exponent
/ɪkˈspəʊnənt/ n.讲解者；拥护者，鼓吹者 【ex 出+pon+ent→把[内容]放出来→讲解】
An exponent of an idea, theory, or plan is a person who supports and explains it, and who tries to persuade other people that it is a good idea. [近] proponent backer booster following [搭] a leading exponent 主要倡导者 [例] William Ding is the greatest exponent of the industry of online games in China. 丁磊是中国网游行业的代表人物。
compound
/ˈkɒmpaʊnd/ /kəmˈpaʊnd/ n.化合 a.复合的 v.使加重；使恶化 【com 全部+pound 放→全部放到一起→化合物】
[搭] organic compound 有机化合物 [例] A compound sentence contains two or more clauses. 复合句包含两个或多个从句。 [拓] 复利，利滚利 compound rate/interest interest on interest [搭] compound a problem/difficulty 使问题恶化 [近] aggravate/worsen/degrade [例] Longer careers will give richer workers more time to compound their advantages. 更长的职业生涯将给予富有的劳动者更多时间来扩大自身优势。
postpone
/poʊˈspoʊn/ v.推迟 【post 后+pon+e→向后放→推迟】
[搭] postpone interviews and hiring 推迟面试和录取时间 * post-90s 90 后 [近] delay [搭] delay the registration time and settlement of hukou for graduates 推迟应届毕业生报到、落户等时限 [拓] flexible employment through multiple channels 多渠道灵活就业 resume work and production 复工复产 * CV (Curriculum Vitae) 简历 [同] rain check [搭] take a rain check on sth. （婉辞邀请）下次吧，以后再说
expound
/ɪkˈspaʊnd/ v.详细说明 【ex 出+pound→把[意义]说出来→详细说明】
[搭] expound sth. (to sb) on sth. [例] He expounded his views on the subject to me at great length. 他详细地向我阐述了他在这个问题上的观点。
impound
/ɪmˈpaʊnd/ v.扣押；将……关在圈中 【im 进+pound→放进去→围住】
[搭] impounding reservoir 蓄水池 [例] Your bail cleared. You're free to go. Your car's at the impound lot. And you can pick it up in the morning. * impound 扣押处(n.)
propound
/prəˈpaʊnd/ v.提出，提议 【pro 向前+pound→向前放→提出】
[搭 1] propound a theory 提出一个理论 [搭 2] the theory of natural selection, first propounded by Charles Darwin 查尔斯•达尔文首先提出的物竞天择理论 * Darwinism 达尔文主义 [近] propose put forward
90、sum, summ
= add up, 表示“总，加”
sum
/sʌm/ n.总计；和 v.归纳；总计；总结 【pet+ition→追寻状态→请愿】
[搭] a large sum of 一大笔；大量的 in sum 总而言之；大体上 dim sum (中式) 点心 *pineapple cake 凤梨酥 egg-yolk puff 蛋黄酥 [近] gross：in the gross 总的来说；大量地 total：in total 总计 *GDP：Gross Domestic Product 国内生产总值 Life is a series of collisions with the future. It is not the sum of what we have been, but what we yearn to be. 生活就是一连串与未来的碰撞，它不是我们过去的总和，而是我们对于未来的渴望。 [搭] sum (sth.) up 总结；概述；计算...的总数 [近] summarize: to summarize/to sum up 简而言之 recapitulate: recapitulate detail 概述要点 *capitulate to/yield to 投降 capitulation 投降协议
summit
/ˈsʌmɪt/ n.顶峰；顶点 【summ 加+it→全都叠加到一起→最高的→顶峰】
[搭] G8 Summit 八国峰会 [写作] Man can climb to the highest summit, but he cannot dwell there long. 人可以爬到最高峰，但不能在那久住。 *dwell in/on [近] peak：flood peak 洪峰 height：at the height of 在...的顶点/鼎盛时期 *plum rain season 梅雨季节 flood prevention 防汛
summary
/ˈsʌməri/ n.摘要；大纲 a.概括的；概要的 【summ 加+ary 表物→内容总括→摘要】
[搭] annual summary 年度总结 in summary 总之 [近] compendious：containing all the necessary facts about sth. compendious dictionary 简明词典 succinct：expressed clearly and in a few words a succinct explanation 简明的解释 *succumb to 屈服于
summation
/sʌˈmeɪʃn/ n.总数；总结 【summ 加+ation 结果→总数】
[例] That sounds like my summation for the slum-lord case. 听起来像我那个恶房东案子的总结陈词。 ——《摩登家庭》 *final words
summarize
/ˈsʌməraɪz/ v.总结；概括 【summary 摘要；大纲+ize 使…，…化→概括】
[例] It's not a food culture you can easily summarize, except to say you'll invariably want seconds. 这不是一个你可以轻易总结的饮食文化，只不过你总是想再来一份。 *eight great cuisines 八大菜系
consummate
/ˈkɑːnsəmeɪt/ v.使完整；使完美 a.完美的 【con 共同+summ 加+ate 有…性质的→全部汇总→完全的】
[例] Today's the day Carol and I first consummated our physical relationship. 今天是我和 Carol 第一次，真正建立肉体关系的日子。 ——《老友记》 [近] perfect：present perfect 现在完成时 ideal：ideal money 虚拟货币 *Bitcoin 比特币 ETH 以太币 blockchain 区块链
consummation
/ˌkɑːnsəˈmeɪʃn/ n.成就；完成；同房 【con 共同+summ 加+ation 状态，结果→成就；极点】
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