同位语从句

这是一篇关于同位语从句的思维导图，主要内容包括：名词性从句的嵌套，同位语的类型，连接词，定义。无论是初学者还是进阶学习者，都能从中受益，提升自己的英语水平。

同位语从句

• 定义
  • 解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句。 它所修饰的词称为先行词。
  • 常可以被同位语从句修饰的名词：抽象名词可解释内涵 belief信念 doubt怀疑 explanation解释 hope希望 idea主意 news消息 opinion观点 possibility可能性 statement论断 thought想法 wish愿望 truth事实 fact事实 question问题 promise诺言 problem问题 reply答复 report报道 suggestion建议 advice建议 order命令 fear害怕 warning警告 understanding理解 feeling感觉 probability可能性
  • 不是所有的名词都可以跟同位语从句。
    • 可以有内容解释的词才能跟同位语从句
  • 如果出现了milk这类单词则后面的从句是定语从句
• 连接词
  • 连接词有that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。
    • • that, 无语义，不作成分
    • • whether“是否”，不作成分
    • • 其他连接词具有实义，同时在同位语从句中作一定成分
  • 没有what，which，whose 的引导词
  • • • 引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不省略
• 同位语的类型
  • “先行词+连接词+同位语从句”
    • There's some doubt whether John will quit his present job.
    • Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can‘t take care of themselves and need special treatment.
    • A century ago时间状语， Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears.(考研阅读)
    • 2.I have no idea why she doesn't like Peter.
  • “先行词+定语+同位语从句”（分裂结构）
    • The latest purported taped message from Osama Bin Laden has raised concern among European intelligence and law enforcement officials定语，语法结构介词短语放在从句前 that their countries are now on his hit list.（concern的解释同位语从句）
    • The statement by the driver of the vehicle 定语修饰statement）that he did not see the lorry 同位语从句修饰statement）was rejected by the Court.
  • “作主语的先行词+谓语部分+同位语从句”(分裂结构)
    • 由于谓语太短所以放在同位语前面
    • Concerns were raised（被动语态没有宾语） that witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to ensure guilty verdicts.（同位语从句解释说明担忧）
    • Evidence came up that specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.（同位语从句，解释证名）
    • An idea came to her ___a___ she might do her experiment in another way. A. that B. what C. when D. which 同谓语从句没有whcih
  • 在 suggestion ， advice ， request ， order, demand, requirement 等意为 “ 建议 ， 要求 ， 命 令 ” 的名词后 ， 同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用 “ should+ 动词原形 ” 的虚拟语气结构 ， 句中的 should可以省略。
    • I followed his advice that i (should) finish my homework before supper time.
• 名词性从句的嵌套
  • 的在英语中, 谓语动词的个数往往和连词个数有联系。
  • 的在英语中 , 有 N 个谓语 动词 , 就会对应有 N-1 个连 词 以及 N-1 个 对应的 从句 , 谓语动词的个数一定是 多于连词个数的,通常是多出一个。
  • No one takes much interest in the marks a little child gets on his test; what we are interested in is whether we can conclude from his mark on the test that the child will do better or worse than other children of his age at tasks which we think require general intelligence.
  • That the seas are being overfished ）主语从句has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris have shown）主语从句 is just how fast things are changing）表语从句.
  • I realized【 that （what I said）主从 was not exactly（ what I meant to say.）表语】宾从
  • The question is how what you have learned can be put into practice.