【Unit 1】Merriam-Webster's Vocabulary Builder

韦氏词根/小绿书/单词书，词根词缀构词学习的思维导图整理；包括每个单元词根释义、引申出的单词英文释义及例句。本期内容包括：BENE、AM、BELL、PAC、CRIM、PROB、GRAV、LEV、Word from mythology and history。

Merriam-Webster's Vocabulary Builder

• Unit 1
  • Bene
    • 释义：well
    • benediction
      • 释义：A prayer that ask for God's blessing, especially a prayer that concludes a worship services.
      • 例句：The moment the bishop finished his benediction, she squeezed quickly out of her row and darted out the cathedral's side entrance.
    • benefactor
      • 释义：Someone who helps another person or group,especially by giving money.
      • 例句：An anonymous benefactor had given $15 million to establish an ecological institute at the university.
    • beneficiary
      • 释义：A person or organization that benefits or is expected to benefit from something, especially one that recerves money or property when someone dies
      • 例句：Living in a trailer in near-poverty, she received word in the mail that her father had died, naming her as the sole benficiary of his life-insurance policy.
    • benevolence
      • 释义：kindness, generosity
      • 例句：In those financially desperate years, the youny couple was saves only by the benevolence of her elderly great-uncle.
  • Am
    • 释义：to love
    • amicable
      • 释义：Friendly, peaceful
      • 例句：Their relations with their in-laws were generally amicable, despite some bickering during the holidays.
    • enamoured
      • 释义：Charmed or fascinated; inflamed with love
      • 例句：Rebecca quickly became enamored of the town's rustic surroundings, its slow pace, and its eccentric characters.
    • amorous
      • 释义：Having or showing strong feelings of attaction or love.
      • 例句：It turned out that the amorous Congressman had gotten his girlfriend a good job and was paying for her apartment.
    • paramous
      • 释义：A lover, often secret, not allowed by law or custom
      • 例句：He had been coming to the house for two years before his brothers realised that he was actually the paramous of their shy and withdraw sister.
  • Bell
    • 释义：war
    • antebellum
      • 释义：Existing before a war, especially before the American Civil War(1861-65)
      • When World War Ⅰ was over, the French nobility found it impossible to return to their extravagant antebellum way of life.
    • bellicose
      • 释义：Warlike, aggressive, quarrelsome
      • The more bellicose party always got elected whenever there was tension along the border and the public believed that military action would lead to security.
    • belligerence
      • 释义：Aggressive, combativeness
      • 例句：The belligerence in Turner's voice told them the warning was a serious threat.
    • rebellion
      • 释义：Open defiance and opposition, sometimes armed, to a person or thing in authority.
      • 例句：A student rebellion that afternoon in Room 13 resulted in the new substitute teacher racing out of the building in tears.
  • Pac
    • 释义：agree or peace
    • pacify
      • 释义：To soothe anger or agitation; To subdue by armed action
      • 例句：It took the police hours to pacify the angry demonstrators.
    • pacifist
      • 释义：A person opposed to war or violence, especially someone who refused to bear arms ot a fight, on moral or religious grounds.
      • 例句：Her grandfather had fought in the merines in World War Ⅱ, but in his later years he had become almost a pacifist, opposing every war for one reason or another.
    • pact
      • 释义：An agreement of two or more people or groups; a treaty of formal agreement between nations to deal with a problem or to resolve a dispute.
      • 例句：The girl made a pact never to reveal what had happened on that terrifying night in the abandonted house.
    • pace
      • 释义：Contrary to the opinion of
      • 例句：She had only three husbands, pace some Hollywood historians who claim she had as many as six.
  • Crim
    • 释义：fault or crime
    • criminology
      • 释义：the study of crime, criminals, law enforcement, and punishment
      • 例句：his growing interest in criminology led him to become a probation officer
    • decriminalize
      • 释义：to remove or reduce the criminal ststus of
      • 例句：an angry debate over decriminalizing doctor-assisted suicide raged all day in the statehouse
    • incriminate
      • 释义：to show evidence of involvement in a crime or a fault
      • 例句：the muddy tracks leading to and from the cookie jar were enough to incriminate them
    • recrimination
      • 释义：an accusation in answer to an accusation made against oneself; the making of such an accusation
      • 例句：their failure to find help led to endless and pointless recriminations over responsibility for the accident.
  • Prob
    • 释义：prove or proof
    • approbation
      • 释义：a formal or official act of approving; praise, usually given with pleasure or enthusiasm.
      • 例句：the senate signaled its approbation of the new plan by voting for it unanimously
    • probate
      • 释义：the process of proving in court that the woll of someone who has died is valid, and of administering the estate of a dead person.
      • 例句：when her father died, she thought she would be able to avoid probate, but she was't that lucky.
    • probity
      • 释义：absolute honesty and uprightness
      • 例句：her unquestioned probity helped win her the respect of her fellow judges.
    • reprobate
      • 释义：a person of throughly bad character
      • 例句：his wife finally left him, claiming he was reprobate who would disappear foe weeks at a time, gambling and drinking away all his money
  • Grav
    • 释义：heavy,weighty, serious
    • grave
      • 释义：requiring serious thought or concern; serious and formal in appearance or manner
      • 例句：we realized that the situation was grave and that the slightest incident could spark all-out war.
    • gravitas
      • 释义：great or very dignified seriousness
      • 例句：the head of the committee never failed to carry herself with the gravitas she felt was appropriate to her office
    • gravitate
      • 释义：to move or be drawn toward something,especially by natural tendency or as if an invisible force
      • 例句：on hot evenings,the town's social life gravitated toward the lakefront, where you could stroll the long piers eating ice cream or dance at the old Casino.
    • aggravate
      • 释义：to make (an injury, problem, ect.) more serious or severe; to annoy or bother
      • 例句：she went back to soccer team before the knee was completely healed, which naturally aggravated the injury.
  • Lev
    • 释义：light
    • alleviate
      • 释义：to lighten, lessen, or relieve, especially physical or mental suffering
      • 例句：cold compresses alleviated the pain of the physical injury, but only time could alleviate the effect of the insult
    • elevation
      • 释义：the height of a place; the act or result of lifting or raising someone or something
      • 例句：her doctor is concerned about the elevation of her blood preasure since her last visit
    • cantilever
      • 释义：a long piece of wood, metal, etc., that sticks out from a wall to support something above it
      • 例句：the house's deck, suppported by cantilevers, jutted out dramatically over the rocky slope, and lookng over the edge made him dizzsy.
    • levity
      • 释义：lack of approriate seriousness
      • 例句：the Puritan elders tried to ban levity of all sorts from the community's meetings, but found it increasingly difficult to control the younger generation.
  • Word from Mythology and History
    • cicerone
      • 释义：A guide, especially one who takes tourists to museums, monuments, or architectural sites and explains what is being seen.
      • 例句：On Crete they sought out a highly recommended cicerone,hoping to receive the best possible introduction to the noteworthy historical sites.
    • hector
      • 释义：To bully or harass by bluster or personal pressure.
      • 例句：He would swagger around the apartment entrance with his friends and hector the terrified inhabitants going in and out.
    • hedosium
      • 释义：An attitude or way of life based on the idea that pleasure or happiness should be the chief goal.
      • 例句：In her new spirit of hedonism, she went out for a massage, picked up champagne and chocolate truffles, and made a date that evening with an old boyfriend.
    • nestor
      • 释义：A senior figure or leader in one's field
      • 例句：The guest of honor was a nestor among journalists, and after dinnner he shared some of his wisdom with the audience.
    • spartan
      • 释义：Marked by simplicity, avoidance of luxury, and often strict self-discipline or self-denial.
      • 例句：When he was single, he had lived a spartan life in a tiny, undecorated apartment with one chair, a table, and a bed.
    • stentorian
      • 释义：Extremely loud, often with especially deep richness of sound.
      • 例句：Even without a microphone, his stentorian voice was clearly audible in the last rows of the auditorium.
    • stoic
      • 释义：Seemingly indifferent to pleasure or pain
      • 例句：She bore the pain of her broken leg with such stoic patience that most of us had no idea she was suffering.
    • sybaritic
      • 释义：Marked by a luxurious or sensual way of life
      • 例句：When I knew them they were living a sybaritic existence-hopping from resort to resort, each more splendid than the last-but a year later the money ran out.