被动语态

这是一篇关于被动语态的思维导图，主要内容包括：结构，用法，主动形式表被动意义。无论是英语初学者构建语法基础框架，还是进阶者深化对被动语态的理解与应用，这张思维导图都极具参考价值，能帮助学习者更高效地掌握这一重要语法点，提升英语综合运用能力。

被动语态

• 结构
  • 一般现在时
    • am/is/are+done
      • english is spoken by many people
        • 英语被很多人使用
  • 一般过去时
    • was/were+done
      • he was elected president of the class
        • 他刚被选为班长
  • 一般将来时
    • will+ be+ done
      • several big modern power plants will be built in our city
        • 我市将建造几座大型发电站
  • 现在进行时
    • am/is/are+being+done
      • tow reservoirs are being built at the same time
        • 两座水库正在同时被建造
  • 过去进行时
    • was/were+being+done
      • the heated problems were being discussed
  • 现在完成时
    • have/has+been+done
      • 100 cars have been produced since last year
  • 过去完成时
    • had+been+done
      • my shoes had been cleaned by somebody
  • 情态动词
    • 情态动词+be done
      • many beautiful views can be seen in big city
• 用法
  • 不知道或没必要知道动作的发出者是谁时
    • the front window in the classroom was broken yesterday
      • 昨天，教室的窗被打破了（不知道谁打的）
    • they have been poorly paid
      • 他们工资太低（没必要指出谁支付的）
  • 需要突出或强调动作的承受着时
    • the time-table has been changed
      • 时间表已经被变动（突出时间表）
  • it作被动句的形式主语，谓语改成be done
    • it is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow
      • 据报道，明天会下雨
• 主动形式表被动意义
  • 不及物动词不能用于被动
    • take place ,happen, occur , break out. appear ,rise ,escape,
      • 换成被动没有主语
  • 物做主语的系动词
    • feel, smell.sound,taste look ,prove.
      • the flower smells sweet./the plan proved practical
    • smell, wash,clean,open, shut, read, wear.sell
      • the article reads smoothly
    • 主动形式就有被动的意思