考研英语阅读脑图

下图分析了2005年考研英语阅读的知识内容，总共分为五段并对文中内容仔细分析，希望梳理的让你对你有所帮助！

2005

• 第一段
  • 原文
    • Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as "all too human" , with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as all.
  • 逻辑词
    • Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one.
    • Indeed,（递进关系：说的是同一件事情） if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged.
    • But（转折：重点） a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as all.
  • 观点
    • suggests that it is all too monkey, as all.
  • 生词
    • sense of grievance 不满
    • jealous 愤怒
    • other than 除了
    • a fat pey rise 涨很多薪水
    • vanish v. 消失
    • outraged 愤怒（程度高于angry）
    • be regarded/considered/treated/viewed/rated/seen/thought of sth.（宾语）as(宾语补足语） 被认为
    • reputation n. 名声，声誉
    • underlying adj. 潜在的
    • be capable of 能够做某事
    • a sense of humor/responsibility 幽默/责任 感
  • 长难句
    • 原文
      • But（转折：重点） a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as all.
    • 主干
      • a study suggests that ...宾语从句
      • by（后置定语修饰：study） Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia,
      • which（定语从句：修饰study） has just been published in Nature,
  • 错误选项：（后面有转折，前面的假设推翻）
    • 原文
      • Such behaviour is regarded as "all too much" , with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance.
    • 主句
      • Such behaviour is regarded as "all too much"
      • with（伴随状语） the underlying assumption（n.假设，设想）
      • that(同位语从句：对assumption的内容进行说明） other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance.
• 第二段
  • 原文
    • The researchers studied the behaviour of female broen capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, cooperative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of "goods and services" than males.
  • 生词
    • weigh 权衡
    • inclined/tend to 倾向于
• 第三段
  • 原文
    • Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan's and Dr. de Waal's study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.
• 第四段
  • 原文
    • In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods( and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber( without an actual monkey to eat it )was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.
• 第五段
  • 原文
    • The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a cooperative, group-living species. Such cooperation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward cpmpletely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other member of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
  • 逻辑词
    • However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
  • 观点
    • The researchers suggest that
    • capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions.
    • In the wild, they are a cooperative, group-living species.
    • Such cooperation is likely to be stable
    • only when（表示唯一条件） each animal feels it is not being cheated.
  • 生词
    • stem/originate/derive/date from=date back to 源于
    • as yet=so far 迄今为止；到目前为止
  • 长难句（分析：连词、标点）
    • 原文
      • However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans,
      • or whether it stems from the common ancestor
      • that (定语从句：作had的宾语，修饰ancestor）the species had 35 million years ago,
      • is, as yet, an unanswered question.
    • 主干
      • whether...or whether...（并列的主语从句）is, as yet, an unanswered question.

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