短文改错思维导图

这是一篇关于短文改错的思维导图，介绍了非谓语动词、介词、连词、冠词、形容词、副词、数词、名词、动词等。

短文改错

• “1”
  • 非谓语
    • to do
      • 多to
        • 1.观感使役动词动词+to do(作宾补)
          • 观感动词
            • 一感feel 二听listen hear 三让let make have 四看see watch notice observe (look at)
          • 使役动词
            • make/let
        • 2.情态动词+to do
          • 情态动词 can/may/must/need/should/could/... had better(not)/have to/...
        • 3..固定搭配
          • have noting to do but do(have no alternative/choice but to do) why not to do（how about doing）
      • 少to
        • 1.作补语
          • 做宾补
            • forbid/force/warn/advise/tell/encourage/allow/
            • 感官使役动词
          • 做主补
            • 据报道 be reported/said/tought to do
        • 2.做宾语
          • decide/pretend/agree/want/attempt/offer/ask/plan/learn/refuse/promis/manage/demand/hope/volunteer/choose/...
        • 3.做状语
          • 目的状语
          • 结果状语
            • enough...to/too...to/so as to/only to do
          • 原因状语
            • 情绪词（angery/happy/nice/...）+to do
        • 4.做定语
          • have chance/ability/right to do the first/last/最高级+to do 抽象名词+to do have/with sth to do
    • 动名词
      • 1.介词+动名词
      • 2.动名词作主语+谓语单数
      • 3.动词+动词作宾语
        • M mind miss E enjoy escape G give up A advise avoid admit allow appreciate F finish forbid fancy (E)P practice permit
        • keep/consider+doing/sb. to do
        • advise/allow/permit/forbid+doing/sb. to do sb. be advised/allowed/permitted/forbidded to do
      • 4.短语
        • be worth doing feel like doing be busy/occupied doing be used/accustomed to doing keep/stop/prevent sb. from doing
      • 5.句型结构
        • spend.. .(in) doing have trouble/difficulty/problems +doing/with sth. have fun/good time (in) doing It's no use doing There be no denying that... There is no sense/point (in) doing
    • 分词
      • 1.作表语 2.作状语（主被动） 3.作补语 have sb. do/doing have sb./sth./oneself done 4.作定语 5.其他
      • -ing:主动/进行/物质性质/系动词 -ed：被动/完成/人的情感/及物动词
• “3”
  • 介词
    • 多
      • 1.及物动词+介词+宾语
      • 2.中文干扰
        • marry to sb. go to there greet with sb. approaching to sp. go on shopping enter in sp.
      • 3.介词+副词
      • 4.介词+last/next/this/that/every/each/...+时间名词
      • 5.介词+连词
        • at+the moment/the fiest time+句子（短语或成分前加介词）
      • 6.固定搭配
        • a great number of+名词 a little of+名词（a bit of+名词）
      • 7.语意重复
    • 少
      • 1.不及物动词+介词+宾语
        • 常见不及物动词
        • 宾语提前
          • 主表被
            • sth be worth doing（vi.） S. be adj. to do（vi.）
          • with/have/there be sth to do
      • 2.固定搭配
        • because of instead of a lot of in case of
    • 错
      • 1.时间
        • 具体一天早中晚 on 年份/季节/每个早晚/月份 in
      • 2.搭配
        • in the sun/moonlight leave for/set out for(to) except/besides
        • with/to
          • be angry with sb./to sth. be mean/generous to sb./with sth. be familiar to/with sb.
  • 连词
    • 并列连词
      • 1.and/but/or
        • and 并列/顺序/因果/结果 but 转折 or 选择/否则
        • 考法
          • 1.互换
          • 2.结构一致
      • 2.however/besides/therefore
        • <1>前后可加“，”（but/and/so不可） <2>互换
    • 从句连词
      • 定从
        • 错用 1.主宾-状 2.人-物 3.介词后（which/whom） 4.that-which 5.who-which 6.which-as 混用 1.副连混用 there-where then-when 2.代连混用 whose-one's 主宾格-关系词 主谓一致 注意先行词 成分多余 状/主/宾
      • 名丛
        • what-that what-how whether-if what-which who-whoever that-if/whether
        • 1.the reason why that/which....is that(because 错误) for +n. 2.this is why+结果 because+原因 3.形式词 形式主语 it is adj./n. that从句/to do/doing 形式宾语 S.O.+adj./n. depend/rely on it appreciate/hate
      • 状从
        • 有提示词 more ...than as....as so...that such n. as so that as if/though
        • 无提示词
          • 1.时间 be about to do... when be doing ...when have done.... when did no sooner...than hardly.... when when....while befor（...就...才/来不及...就） before-after-ago 2.条件 if-unless 3.原因 now that because since for as 4.让步 although/though/while if-because-although
  • 冠词
    • a/an
      • 1.单数可数名词表泛指 2.抽象名词具体化 3.动词名词化 4.固定搭配
    • the
      • 1.限定范围的 2.第二次提及 3.双方都知道 4.序数词和最高级前 5.the same固定用法 6.普通名词构成专有名词前
      • 7.其他
        • <1>the countryside（town前零冠词） <2>整体概念 <3>独一无二的东西 <4>the+adj./姓氏表一群人
    • 零冠词
      • 1.turn+职业 （become+冠词+职业） 2.by+n.表方式 3.让步状语从句 4.play+球棋类 5.表种类kind/type/sort 6.普通名词变为身份地位 7.A and A型
• “6”
  • 形容词
    • 1.作表语
      • 系动词
        • 一个be 两个好像seem appear 三个保持keep stay remain 五个起来look sound taste feel smell 五个变turn become get grow go
    • 2.修饰名词（作定语）
    • 3.作补语
      • 主补
        • as soon as (it is)possible as (it is) usual Man is born equal.
      • 宾补
        • make sb. adj.
    • 4.作伴随状语
      • He went home,happy.
  • 副词
    • He is really a hero. 1.修饰限制介短/名短 2.修饰谓语/非谓语 3.修饰形容词/副词 4.修饰句子
  • 比较级和其他
    • 比较级
      • 1.提示词
        • even/a little/much/than/a bit/ a little/much/than/for/by far
      • 2.结构
        • the more...the more... more than as...as more and more
          • 固定搭配： still worse/what's more/ to make thing worse
      • 3.否定比较表最高
        • 否定词+more 否定词+so/such...as more than+any other 名词单数/all the other/ any of the other+名词复数
    • 其他
      • 1.-ly的形容词
        • friendly parently brotherly
      • 2.adv.+ly后含义改变
        • high-highly wide-widely deep-deeply close-closely hard-hardly near-nearly free-freely late-lately
        • here-there then-now alone-lonely
      • 3.adj.和adv.的互化
        • a. +ly b. +ally c. a/e/i/o/u+e——去e+ly d. 辅+y——变y为i+ly e. 以le结尾——去e+y f. ture-turly whole-wholly
  • 数词
    • 1.基数词变序数词 2.+s (逢十) in one's fifties in the 1990s 分数表示 分子大于一 two thirds 表概述泛指 hundreds /thousands/millions/billions of
  • 名词
    • +s
      • 1.复数可数名词表泛指 2.表复数的词修饰 （other/two/many/both/all/lots of/a lot of/ a couple of/a series of/several/a few/plenty of） 3.one of+名词复数 4.主谓一致
      • 5.其他
        • 复合名词
          • passer(s)-by brother(s)-in-low grown-up(s) sports meeting
        • 特殊变化
          • German(s) Australian(s)
        • 习惯用法
          • congratulations burst into tears in rags/ruins surroudings(n.) shake hands with make friends with/preparations for/comments on
    • -s
      • sand 沙子-sands沙滩 water水-waters水域 fish鱼-fishes鱼类 1.UN. furniture clothing jewellery information 2.表总体 equipment scenery machinary poetry 3.a/an/one/each/another+CN. 4.baggage/luggage/homework/housework progress advice fun access health 5.纯不可数 species/works/means/series/deer/Chinese/Japenese/Vietnamese 6.单复同行 people police audience cattle 集合名词 in use on the way by the way 7.固定搭配
    • 's
      • 1.名词修饰名词（不用所有格）
        • 表示时间 morning/night/evening paper 表示材料/性状 wood desk gold watch 表示内容 coffee cup tea cup
      • 2.表示所属关系（用所有格）
  • 动词
    • 1.语态 be doing / be done/to do have/has/had been done/doing
    • 多 1.be did 2.助动词 2.be 少 1.情态动词+be done 2.S. be adj. 3.S. be prep.(介动翻译) 错 1.there has/have(非助动词) 2.虚拟语气 that （should）be
    • 3.to
      • 作介词 devote/pay attention/due/look forward/stick/object resbond to get down to business(言归正传) set down to reply to be used to doing 作不定式标志 used to do
    • 4.主谓一致
    • 5.时态一致
    • 6.动词原形 情态动词后/感官使役动词/why not/do nothing but do/to do(不定式)
  • 代词
    • 1.性别/数量/格/人称一致 2.反身代词 3.不定代词 many-much some-any other-another-the other neither/both- none/all each other/one another it/one/that 部分否定