动词-ing形式作主语，表示经常性，事物化，抽象化的行为
Reading books makes one wise.
动词-ing形式作表语，表示较抽象的习惯性动作或主语的特征性质
Her interest is collecting shoes.
动词-ing形式可作动词宾语或介词宾语
I enjoy listening to rock music.
动词-ing形式作定语，表示所修饰词的用途或经常性或进行中的动作
There is a swimming pool in my yard.
动词-ing形式可在动词feel，hear，smell等后作宾补
What she said set me thinking deeply.
动词-ing形式作时间，原因，让步，方式，伴随，结果等状语
Walking in the sreet,I saw a friend of mine.
动词-ing形式作主语时，有时用it作形式主语来代替动名词短语
It's no good talking to him.
