导图社区 初中语法-数词
初中语法-数词知识总结,包括基数词(表数量的多少)、序数词(表顺序先后)、分数、小数、百分数、数词的句法功能及应用等。
编辑于2022-01-19 14:50:45数词
基数词(表数量的多少)
各自独立:one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve
以-teen结尾:thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen ninteen
以-ty结尾:twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety
其他:hundred百、tdhousand千、million百万、billion十亿
两位表达
42 forty-two
三位表达
308 three hundred and eight
557 five hundred and fifty-seven
千以上表达
1320 one thousand,three hundred and twenty
5326418 five million,three hundred and twenty-six thousand,gour hundred and eighteen
60亿 six billion
注意:
基数词+量级单位(hundred/thousand/million/billion)不能加of
one hundred
基数词大于1,量级单位+s
two hundreds
量级单位+of(量级单位+s变复数,成百上千的,成千上万的....)
hundred of/hundreds of
序数词(表顺序先后)
1、2、3不规则变化
first、second、third
4-19基数词词尾加-th
fourth第四、nineteen第十九
特殊:fifth第五、eighth第八、ninth第九、twelfth第十二
20-90整位数ty变tie再加-th
twenty-twentieth第二十
两位数/多位数(整数除外)只变个位数(thousan、hundred等只在词尾加-th)
twenty-third第二十三
hundredth第一百
one hundred and fifty-ninth第一百五十九
注意:序数词前要加the,若序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时省略
Bill is my first pen pal.比尔是我的第一个笔友
注意:序数词前加a/an表示“又一,再一”
Even though the Browns have three children,they still want a fourth one.尽管布朗夫妇已有三个孩子,可他们还想要第四个
分数
分子用基数,分母用序数词,如果分子大于1,分母要用复数形式
1/6 one six、3/4 three fourths
特殊:1/4 常用 a quarter、3/4常表示为 three quarter、1/2 a half
“分数+of+限定词+名词复数/代词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数
Two fifths of the students are from China in this school这所学校的2/5的学生来自中国
“分数+of+限定词+名词单数/代词单数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数
Two thirds of her money wons spent on clothes她把2/3的钱花在了衣服上
小数
小数点 point 、零 zero 小数点前按基数词读,小数点都的按单个数字依次读
9.65 nine point six five
0.6 zero point six
0.05 zero point zero five
百分数
基数词+percent
20% twenty percent
“百分数+of+限定词+名词复数/代词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数
“百分数+of+限定词+名词复数/代词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数
数词的句法功能及应用
作主语
The secoud is bigger than the first
作表语
He was the first to arroive here
作宾语
I like the fourth
作定语
We have six subjects this term
作同位语
We two have been to Beijing
其他表达
序号的表达
NO.1
The+序数词+名词;名词+基数词
the first lesson=lesson 1
名词+数词
Bus 15;Room 501
a/the+number/No.+基数词+名词
a No.15 bus;the No.501 Room
年月日的表达
公元前476年
476 B.C
公元476前
476.A.D
1900年
1900
1908年
1908
在2020年7月1日
on July 1st,2021
在21世纪20年代
in the 2020s/ in the 2020's
年龄的表达
“在某人几十岁时” in one's+整+基数词(末尾y改i再加-es)
在他二十多岁时 in his twenties
在她们五十多岁时 in their fifries
时刻的表达
在几点钟
at+基数词+o'clock
在5点 five o;clock
在几点几分
30min以内:分钟+past+小时
5:20 twenty past five
超过30min:分钟+to+小时
5:40 twenty to six
算式的表达
plus加;minus减;times/multipiled乘;divided除
5+6=11 five plus six is make/equals eleven
长宽高/面积体积/重量的表达
基数词+单位名词(meter米、kilogram千克、mile英里)+形容词(long长、wide宽)
the bridge is 50 meters long and 20 meters wide
基数词+单位名词+in+度量名词(length长度、width宽度、height高度)
the river is 4 meters in depth on average
温度的表达
基数词+degree(s)+℃
As is known.water biols at 100℃
倍数的表达
once一倍;twice/double两倍;三倍及以上基数词+times
倍数+as+形容词/副词(原级)+as
they have cows three times as many as we have
倍数+as+形容词/副词比较级+than...
This rope is four times longer than that one=This rope is longer than that one by four times
倍数+the+度量名词+of+表示比较对象的词
This arenue is twive/double the width of that one
约数的表达
大约about/approximate/nearly/around/more or less +数词
The stone weighs about 100 pounds
多于,超过over/more than +数词
I have been living in london for more than 5 years
少于,不超过less than+数词
This book vosts less than two dollars
左右or so
in the past ten years or so
或...以上or more
1000 people or more
或...一下or less
1000 books or less
表达的表达表示“每一段时间”
every+基数词+名词复数“每...”
每6天 every six days
every+序数词+名词单数“每隔...”
每隔5天 every fifth day
其他表达
...半
half a year=a half year;half an hour=a half hour
一个半
a day and a half=one and a half days
两个半及以上
two days and a half=two and a half days
一两天
one or two days=a day or two
两三天
a couple of days