导图社区 从句
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从句
归纳了 名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句，并标注了常考内容。
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从句
定语从句
定义
1. 连词的作用，把 主句 从句连接起来
2. 代词的作用，指代前面的先行词
3.一定的语法作用，在从句中做主语、宾语、表语等成分
that / which 的用法
考，用 that ，充当宾语时 that 可省略
all， anything ， everything， something， nothing， much，little, none
That's all (that) I could do at that time. 那是当时所有我能做的。 He did everything (that) he could to help us. 他尽了一切所能来帮助我们。
考，新行词是 最高级、序数词 只能用 that
the only，the very, the right, the last 等词修饰时
This is the most touching story that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最感人的故事。 He was the only person that was present at the time. 他是当时唯一在场的人。
当 主语 用 who / which 开头疑问，定从只能用 that
Who is the girl that is in the red dress?
当并列的两个 先行词 分别表示人和物时，只能用 that
They are talking about the workers and the factory that they have visited.
关系代词 在限制性定从中，做表语 且带有类比含义，通常用that，不能用which
Our school is no longer the school that it uesd to be.
关系代词充当 介词 宾语，用 Which 不可省略 介词在从句句末 Which/ That 皆可，常可省略
She hasn't got enough money with which she could buy the car. I have problems of my own ( that/which)you know nothing of.
考， 介词+ which/whom
当 which / whom 充当 介词的宾语 时，该介词 可以提前到 从句句首
I'll never forget the days on which we lived together. There are always scientific ways in which man solves problem. This is the man from whom I learnt the news.
固定短语 的 介词不可拆开 提前。
look after , look for , look forward to
The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.
关系副词 when where why 引导的定从
考：方式、时间、地点、理由，可用 that = 介词+which = 关系副词
the way, the time ,the day, the place 等
The way that （= in which ） he did it was strange and funny The manner that （=in which） he spoke was impolite（没礼貌）.
限制性 和 非限制性 定从
限制性定从— 从句是整个句子不可缺少的部分。 去掉会导致句意不完整或不明确，不可用逗号隔开。
This is the student for whom I bought the book. Those who want to go sign their names here please.
非限制 定从 — 从句只是对先行词的附加说明，不影响 整个句意的完整，常用 逗号 隔开
as ， which 引导，做为 主语 和 宾语，指代 前面整个句子。
He married her， which was natural. He was honest, as we can see.
考，which 引导定从，只能放在先行词之后。
He tore up my photo, which made me very angry.
考，as 引导 定从，可 放在 主句之前、之后 、中间。 有“正、如。。。；正像。。。“的意思
As is know to all , China is a developing country. John， as you know， is a famous writer.
as 的固定搭配
as is known to all
众所周知
as is mentioned above
如前所述
as often happens
事情往往如此
as might be expected
正如所预料的那样
as has been said before
正如上面所提到的
as is often the case
通常就是这样
As might be expected, the response to the question was very mixed. As is mentioned above, we have many problems to solve. As often happens,however, things didn't work out exactly as planned.
状语从句
定义— 修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。 分为，时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、比较、方式，让步
时间状语从句
连词（短语）
when while
当。。。时候
whenever
任何时候
before
在。。。以前
after
在。。。以后
as early as 。。。
早在。。。时
since
自从。。。以来
as soon as no sooner ... than hardly...when scarcely... when
一。。。就
once
一旦
till untill
直到。。。才
instantly immediately
一。。。就
I will visit my parents when I am free. He didn't leave home until his father came back. He has been working in this city since he graduated from the college. Hardly had the performance begun when the light went out.
考，名词词组
the moment
the minute
the instant
the year
each time
every time
next time
by the time
the first time
Tom ran away the moment he saw his father coming along. Every time he came, he world bring us a lot of flower. We hadn't met for 20 years, but I recognized her the moment I saw her.
地点状语从句
考，连接词 where ， wherever ， everywhere
We must camp where we can get water. You can sit wherever you like. She follows me everywhere I go.
考，原因状语从句
since
既然，由于
Since everyone is here，we can begin our discussion。
Since I have to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start.
now that
既然
Now that all are present, let's set off. 既然所有人都到了，我们就出发吧。
because as
因为
he is absent today because he is ill. As the weather was fine, we decided to climb the mountain.
for
由于
in that
由于，因为
Men differ from animals in that they can think and speak.
not that。。。but that
不是。。。而是。。。
Not that I don't like the film, but that I have no time for it. 不是我不喜欢这部电影，而是我没有时间去看。
as
由于
Sorry ， you can't continue with the trainging as you haven't recovered from the knee injury.
考，目的状语从句
so that in order that
为了，以便
I am studing hard so that/in order that I can go to a famous nuiversity.
lest in case
以免，以防
He emphasized it again and again, lest she should forget. I've brought some sandwishes in case we might get hungry.
for fear that
唯恐，以防
考，结果状语从句
so that
结果是，以致
He spoke clearly， so that everybody understood him.
so... that... such... that...
如此。。。以至。。。 so + 形容词/副词 a/an/the 名词 such + a/an/the 形容词/副词 名词
Mike is so honest a man that we all believe him. He made such an inspiring speech that everybody got excited. His statement was quite cleat that everybody was convinced.
考，条件状语从句
if
如果
If he doesn't come before 12o'clock , we won't wait for him.
unless
除非
suppoing
假如，不妨去…吧
providing / provided that
如果，条件是，倘若
We'll hold the concert on next Monday provided that the weather is good. 如果天气好的话，我们将在下周一举行音乐会。
on condition that
如果，条件是，只要
He agreed to speak to reporters on condition that he was not identified. 他同意在不暴露身份的条件下和记者谈话。 I'll lend you my computer on condition that you keep it in good shape. 如果你能好好保管我的电脑，我就把它借给你。
as/so long as
只要
So long as you keep on trying, you will surely succeed. 只要你继续努力，就一定会成功
in case
如果
考，比较状语从句
than
比
I know you better than he.
as...as
像。。。一样
She works as fast as a skilled worker. It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
I don't mind how you do it as long as you finish the painting on time.
not as/so ...as
不像。。。一样
not the same /such...as
和。。。不一样
Your watch is not the same as mine.
the +比较级..., the + 比较级...
越。。。就越。。。
The harder you work, the more you will learn.
考，方式状语从句
as
按照
When in Rome do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗
The house was greatly damaged by the truck and we'd better leave it as it is until the police arrive.
（just）as。。。so
正如。。。也
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.
as if/though
好像
It sounds as if/though they had a good holiday.
the way
像。。。那样，用。。。的方法
I shall do the job the way my father once did.
考，让步状语从句
一般翻译为“尽管……”或“即使……”，就是我们日常生活中用的“退一步说…”的感觉。
while
虽然
While computer games bring us a lot fo pleasure, I don't think it wise to spend too much money and time on them.
though although
虽然
although he is poor, he is confident.
even if even though
即使
Even though you don't like wine, just try a glass of this.
He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son even if he wants to.
as
尽管（用倒装结构）
Try as he might， he couldn't solve the problem.
whether...or not
不管
Whether it rains or not, I shall go out for an outing tomorrow.
whatever , wherever , whoever , however
no matter how/ what/ where/ when
名词性从句
定义 — 主语、宾语、表语、同位语
考，if ， whether 有含义，不可省略 Whether （or not） 引导所有的名词性从句 if （or not） 引导 宾语从句；可与 whether 互换
考，主语从句
考，It 做形式主语
It + be 动词+ 动词分词/ 形容词 / 名词短语 + that 从句 It + 特殊动词+that 从句
It is reported that no passengers were injured in the accident. It is obvious that you've made a big mistake. It suddenly occurred to me that I had made a big mistake. 我突然意识到自己犯下了一个大错误。 I really matters that you have won the game. 你们赢了这场比赛，这的确很重要。
必须用 It 形式主语的情况
使用 if 做连接词，If 只能用在宾语中
It's uncertain if he'll come this eventing.
含主句从句的复合句是 疑问句 时
Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?
It is said/ reported ... It happens ... It occurs to ... It doesn't matter how / whether
It is said that President Xi will visit our school next week.
It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. 他突然意识到他在考试中失败了。
It doesn't matter whether he is wrong or not.
考，宾语从句
考，从句主要用陈述语序
He said that he could finish his design before supper. I'll try to make up for what I have missed. We must find out when the train will arrive. They want to know what they can do to help us.
考，表语从句
主语+ 连系动词 + 表语从句
连系动词 be ， look， remain， seem 等
It seems that it is going to snow. The reason is what has already been stated in Chapter II. The years of peace are when everyone can live a happy life.
引导词 也可用 as if/ though,whether
The question remains whether we can win the support of the majority of the people. It looks/ seems as if/ though you have got no exprience.
考，同位语从句
同位语：作用相当成分相同的句子成分，后一个是对前一个的补充说明，
名词+同位语从句 常用名词
advice
demand
doubt
fact
hope
idea
information
message
news
order
problem
suggestion
truth
evidence
conclusion
thought
the news that we are invited to the conference is very encoutaging. 我们受邀参加会议的消息非常鼓舞人心。 It is a fact that she has done her bese. He expressed the hope that he would write a novel someday. The thought suddenly came to her that she had left the door open when leaving home. A suggestion has been put forward that more high school graduateds should be admitted into universities.