Daoism/Taoism is a religion developed on the basis of religious belief in ancient China，having the characteristics of the thoughts and beliefs of the Han nationality, and it is a native religion that originated in China.
Establishment and Development
The Primitive period
Period of Theoretical Perfection
Period of Reformation and Developmen
Zenith Period in Sui-Tang-Five Dynasties
Mental cultivation / Qigong
Decline of Daoism/Taoism
Main Teachings of Daoism
a way to go
the source of the universe
Virtue is the embodiment and realization of Dao
character--longevity-loving and death- averse
Internal cultivation
External cultivation
Sexual cultivation
the heavenly cycling
Classics and Symbol of Daoism
Classics: “Laozi/Daodejing” and “The Reserves of Daoism/Taoism
Sects of Daoism
The Orthodox Sect
Time of establishment: Yuan Dynasty
Classics: Orthodox Classic
Features: the usage of magic figures and incantations
The Complete Reality sect
Time of establishment: end of Jin Dynasty
Classics: Daodejing, Heart Sutra, Classic of Filial Piety
Features: stress on Qigong and mental cultivation
Celestial Lineage of Daoism
immortals
those who enjoy longevity and immortality after cultivation.
gods
the Taoist Trinity
The Four Heavenly Emperors
Influence of Taoism on Chinese Culture
1.great influences on Traditional Chinese Medicine
2.unique influence on Chinese music culture
3.far-reaching influence on Chinese folk arts
4.considerable influence on Chinese architecture
5.Chinese classic literature
6.profound influence on Chinese folk custom
Buddhism
Brief Introduction
1.the dominant religion of the Eastern world
2.China, Japan, Korea, and much of southeast Asia
The Origin of Buddhism
arose in the 6th century BC in the northeast of ancient India
Who is Buddha
broad sense
Buddha is a kind of person whose sense, emotion and ability
have been fulfilled to the upmost simultaneously.
narrow sense
Buddha is “Siddhartha Gautama”
Classics, Major Sects, and Symbols
classics
PITAKA
1.sutras (records of the Buddha’s teachings)
2.commandments (the rules and regulations for the conducts of monks and nuns)
3.treatises (treatise on the interpretation and study of the Buddhist doctrines)
major sects
Mahayana
Theravada
Vajrayana
symbols--
Collection of all Goodness
The Development of Buddhism in China
Han Dynasties--introduce
Sui and Tang Dynasties--welcomed its heyday
Chan / Zen
Basic Doctrines
concepts
karma
the law of cause and effect in a person‘s life, reaping what one has sown
samsara / transmigration
everything is in a birth and rebirth cycle
liberation
The desirability of liberation from the cycle of samara
Buddha teaching--Four Noble Truths
1.life is suffering
2.suffering is caused by craving
3.suffering can have an end
4.there is a path which leads to the end of suffering
Influence on Chinese Culture
1.Chinese philosophy--The philosophic concepts put forward by Neo-Confucianism
2.Chinese literature--The novels in the Jin and Tang dynasties
3.classic Chinese art--The architectural style of the Buddhist temples and pagodas in China
