Unit 10.Teaching Speaking

这是一篇关于Unit 10.Teaching Speaking的思维导图，problems:1.chatting in native language2.teacher talks too much。

Teaching Speaking

• 1.Differences between spoken and written language
  • 1.differences
  • 2.Speaking Characteristics: speech is spontaneous spoken is time-constraint
  • 3. Four common features of spoken language
    • 1.Using less complex syntax 2.Taking short cuts, 3.Using fixed conventional phrases/chunks 4.Using devices such as fillers, hesitation devices to give time to think before speaking.
• 2.Principles for teaching speaking
  • 1.Balancing accuracy-based with fluency-based practices Structure-based practice: allow time for grammar, vocabulary/ linguistic competence Fluency
  • 2.Contextualizing practice: meaningful context/Teacher identify situation in which a target structure is commonly used./students use the language to carry out a simulated task
  • 3.Personalizing practice:relevant and close to personal experiences or express our personal views
  • 4.Building up confidence :relaxed and supportative environment and more participation
  • 5.Maximizing meaningful interactions :meaningful interactions and maximum participation among all the students
  • 6.Helping students develop speaking strategies: become aware of the speaking strategies and practice them consciously
  • 7.Making the best use of classroom learning environment to provide sufficient language input and practice for the students. sufficient language input and practice for the students.
• 3. Designing speaking tasks
  • (1)Maximum foreign talk
    • ss talk a lot
    • problems:1.chatting in native language2.teacher talks too much
  • (2)even participation
    • As many different students as possible/outspoken student do not dominate/Too many interfere to Guarantee equal opportunities
  • (3)High motivation(most important)
    • interesting topic.clear objective,in line with ss'ability to deal with
  • (4)right language level
    • Able to complete the task/Successfullyor frustrating give up or revert back to native Language
• 4.Types of speaking tasks
  • variety of speaking activities
    • 1.Different situation in reality 2.Keep motivation 3.Suit different learning style
  • purposes for listening
    • One is get information and the other is for social reasons
  • Pre communicate iv activities ( pay on form)
    • 1.Controlled activities 2.Semi-controlled activities
      • 1.form and accuracy 2.force students to pay attention to certain structures or functions 3.produce accurately
      • 1.focus more on meaning and communication 2.still has some control over the language
  • communicate iv activity( pay on )
    • 1. Information-gap activities 2.problem-solving activities, 3.Dialogue and role plays 4.Activity using pictures 5.Other speaking activities
      • 3.Role play Different moods/ relationships words/More lines / Come to the front of the class before teacher tell them de situation cue card:More quickly into less controlled type of role play activity
      • 4.Clear objective/time limit/ local identical but different
      • 5.Find someone who /change story /Human
• 5.Organizing speaking tasks
  • Small group work
    • 1.It increases the time for each student to practice speaking in one lesson. 2.students are afraidof making mistakes or losing face or they simply feel shy speaking a foreign language in front of a whole class. 3.Provide enough opportunity for student to practice speaking English classroom 4.Speaking in small groups is more natural 5.Help student to work Cooperatively and It helps them develop inter Corp skills Mutual respect and harmony