Lisa美育发音

用思维导图的形式整理了Lisa美语发音课程，50个你需要知道的发音规则。喜欢的小伙伴点个赞吧！

Lisa美音

• 元音
  • /ɪ/ /e/ /ə/ /ʊ/ /ʌ/ 发音嘴巴放松 区分 love book
  • /ɑ/ tense “o”“a“ hot father watch army 在单词和句子中发音通常比较长 /ʌ/ /ə/ relax ”u“ up but fun number ”ou“ cousin country ”o“ love son other done
  • /u/ tense “oo” food moon “ue“ blue true /ʊ/ relax ”oo“ look took shook ”ould“ ”u“ push pull
  • /æ/ tense “a” apple angry man fat dance class random answer 在名词常常重读
  • /ɔ/ tense “al” tall small always “au” automobile August audience applaud “aw” saw law awful
  • /oʊ/ tense “o” go post moment “ow” flow slow show “oa“ road boat soap 发音从/o/过渡到/ʊ/ No，I don't. Don't go. So slow. Almost over.
  • /ər/ 元音+r “er” her teacher ”ar“ grammar “ear” learn heard “ir” bird first girl “or” work worry word “ur” nurse hurt work early learn the words early bird perfect world
• 元音重读
  • stressed vowels 单词中音节重读，拉长重读的元音发音 ba'nana 'Canada bi'ology pho'tography 句子中单词重读，一般情下重读verbs，nouns，key words 句子中的单词的元音发音拉长 I love my new ‘class.
  • reduced vowels 双音节词一个重读，另一个不重读，不重读的元音字母组合常常发/ə/ s'ymbol l'ocal r'ecord 句子中同样使用，不重读介词，冠词 比如：不读look at me 正确发音look ət me. 不读to 正确发音tə I'd like tə talk tə you. I‘m looking fər you.
• 辅音
  • 辅音发音 fully move your lips move your tongue like in “seven” “twelve” 辅音分为清辅音和浊辅音 清辅音前的元音发音更短 back ice 浊辅音前的元音发音更长 ba~g eye~s
  • /θ/ voiceless /ð/ voiced 发音舌尖轻顶上齿，不能过于使劲，以气流可以出来为标准 不顶牙齿会将发错音为 /s/ /z/ bath both math Thank you Thursday father mother
  • /l/ 舌尖顶上齿根部 feel call school ill awful film little animal
  • /r/ 卷舌往回收，不接触上齿和上颚 Robert Parker first person
  • /w/ round your lips ；air flows out wait welcome always /kw/ “qu-” quick quiet question require quality liquid
  • /v/ the lower lip touches the upper teeth 中间时特别容易别忽略 very vote eleven seven
  • 区分/w/和/v/ 不咬唇和咬唇的区别 vow--wow vet--wet vine--wine vest--west
  • 辅音voiceless sound+voiceless sound /s/ books laughs 辅音voiced sound + voiced sound /z/ lives 元音+s 发音多为/z/ is was because these those please always
  • 辅音 stops 气流阻断 口型发到位 pop music job market had this 辅音 continuants 气流延长 prolong the continuant sometimes have
  • 通常以“t”结尾的单词，气流阻断，不发音，口型到位
  • “T”between two vowels is a fast“D” better city it is water auto metal
  • “T” followed by “N" 舌尖顶上齿龈，不松开，发音/n/ written mountain
  • the -ing 尾音/g/ 不需要发出 不是doinG 感受喉咙发/g/的舌尾部和上颚的接触，发-ing时不能松开 thinking working interesting thing
  • “TR""DR" tr=chr try travel tradition introduce control dr=jr dry drama drop drastic address hundred
  • “TU” "DU“ "TU"=CHew statue actually picture nature t+u=Chew can't you aren't you won't you “DU"=Jew graduate educate schedule individual d+u+Jew Did you could you would you
  • “-ED“ 以t或d结尾+ed /id/ waited needed completed attended counted invited 以清辅音结尾+ed /t/ stopped worked parked cooked passed pushed watched 以浊辅音结尾+ed /d/ loved realized used called
• 重读
  • syllable stress longer louder higher in pitch seat ‘science audio'visual succ'ess ’urban
  • syllables of nouns and verbs Noun=stress first syllable ‘office ’problem ‘window ’paper ‘building mother father Verb=stress second syllable apply agree relate relax complain enjoy record n. ’record v. rec'ord
  • “--ate” graduate verb gradu‘ate noun/adj. graduate （it，et） estimate verb estim'ate noun/adj. estimate （it，et） articulate verb articul’ate noun/adj. articulate（it，et） verb negotiate calculate nominate donate noun/adj. delicate chocolate affectionate
  • 后缀重读
    • stress rules for suffixes ‘-ese’ Chinese Japanese ‘-eer’ pioneer volunteer engineer ‘-ique’ antique unique technique critique ‘-ic’ stress syllables before the suffix real‘istic el’ectric strat‘egic optim’istic terr‘ific ’origin or’iginal ’industry ind‘ustrial ‘memory mem’orial ’finance fin‘ancial ‘president presid’ential
    • 重读和不重读音节 词尾am、em、om、um 不重读 m'adam pr’oblem s‘ymptom ’album double O o'cl'ock d'octor phot‘ography 发音相同 atom=Adam lesson=lessen caller=collar profit=prophet seller=cellar
  • 句子中单词重读
    • 重读content words：nouns，verbs，adj， 不重读function words I will be driving to the market to buy something to eat. the second content word get more stress I got s new job. Do me a favor. See you later. Let's go for a walk. Did you do your homework？ 区分 Did you get it？ Did you get the job？ Did you see it？ Did you see the film？ Who stole it？ Who stole the money？ Who stole the money from me？ I was washing the dishes. I was washing the dishes for her. He stays in the car. He stays in the car for them.
    • focus words and thought groups focus word=most important word of a thought group（常在thought group 结尾处）noun or verb I was watching a movie/ with my friends /when suddenly it starts to rain. I was so tired /that I couldn't wait to get home.
    • stress adj.and nouns stress noun more than adj. It's a hot day. You did a good job. I have long hair. I‘m wearing a black blouse and a black jacket. I have brown eyes. I have a nice job. I have an old brother. I went to a party and I had a good time. He has blue eyes. 只有adj，stress adj. He's tall. It's hot. That was good. He's a tall man. It’s a hot day. That was a good job. 多个形容词修饰名词，stress the first adj.and the noun big black dog angry old man long hot shower
  • 复合词
    • compound nouns stress the first nouns credit card eye-lid eye-brow forehead ear-ring hair-style hair colour hair-brush hair-salon book shelf washing machine laptop driver license cellphone car keys chewing gum
  • 动词短语+介词的重读 stress the second word pick up break down pick it up turn it on
  • Name of people and places stress second word south America united kingdom Los Angeles Las vegas Mexico city central park george washington Barack Obama Julia Roberts Brad Pitt 名字三个单词，重读最后一个 Martin Luther King
  • 缩写和数字的重读 stress the last letter of an abbreviation 注意连读，不一个一个发音 CNN see en en UCLA PHD ASAP PC DVD 拼写人名 Parker 分音节，重读最后一个音节 P-A-R-K-E-R 数字、日期 stress the last number
  • stress for special emphasis 根据语境可重读任何一个单词 This is the best ice cream I‘ve ever had. This is the biggest dog I‘ve ever seen. The last element get more stress I love you new car. 灵活重读 --You don't smoke，do you？ --I used to smoke. I don't smoke now. --You're not going tomorrow，right？ --I will go. --Do you speak French or German？ --I speak French and German. I will drive to the beach next week. 常规读法 I will drive to the beach next week，not he. I will drive to the beach next week，I’m not gonna walk to the beach. I will drive to the beach next week，not to the park. I will drive to the beach next week，not this week. I will drive to the beach next week.
• 难点
  • difficult words know bomb climb debt subtle doubt yacht adjust adjective walk talk could would should half 法语词根中 ，省略t ballet bouquet buffet valet months clothes receipt psychology psychic cupboard island answer
  • relaxed speech have-a woluld have= would da could have= could da should have = should da of-a kind of = kind da sort of = sort da a bottle of wine = a bottle da wine to-a want to = wanna got to = gotta let me=lemme give me=gimme
• 不读
  • Dropped syllables /a/ basically actually practically accidentally generally /e/ vegetable interesting different /o/ chocolate comfortable=com ftr able
• 缩写
  • contractions Don't do that. Do not do that.（强调） I‘ve been there. I have been there. I will=I’ll=I y 'll She 'll call you. He’ll do it. They‘ll see you. It will=It'll=It d 'll It'll rain. It'll be hot. It'll be nice. I would=I'd he'd she'd we'd We'd like it. They'd love it. I would go= I'd go. I had gone.=I'd gone. He's=He is=He has. He is here.=He's here. He has been.=He's been. we're hungry. They’re home. You're tall. We've been married for a long time.
  • difficult contractions could have=could əve could dove I could have told you. would have= would əve should have=should əve You should have known. You should have told me. I could have helped you. He would loved it. could not have=couldn əve 省略not中“ot“的发音 should not have=shouldn əve would not have=wouldn əve He could not have done it. She should not have told you. They would not have known. Would you have?=Would you əve? Should you have?=Should you əve? What would you have done? How would she have known?
• 略读
  • reducing words stress content words reduce function words as=/əs/ as long as as soon as possible as far as I know on=/ən/ on Monday on the desk on time at=/ət/ at home at school at five to=/tə/ go to the store go to work talk to for=/fər/ for a while for a moment for a long time or=/ər/ Yes or no good or bad our=/ər/ This is our house. Do you like our new car？ Look at our new garden. and=/n/ rock and roll in and out Jhon and Mary this and that
  • reducing words 以h开头he his her him 等或 th开头 them renduce“h”和“th” 句首不略读 He did Did he= Did he Did he do it？ Did he go？ Could he help me？ Should he call you？ Would he？ him 有相同renduce 用法 I told him. I‘ll call him. I“ll ask him a question. I see him. her 有相同renduce 用法 I“ll call her. I really love her I like her. drive her them 有相同renduce 用法 th I'll pick them up. need them buy them
• 连读
  • linking consonant to vowel link final consonant with first vowel 误区 Don‘t speak fast stress the content word Don't link between thought groups build up=buil dud come over=ca mover call up=cal up for a while=fo ra while where is=whe ris what if = wha dif hold on a minute a cup of coffee just a moment
  • Link consonant to consonant 同一个单词发音连接 Bill likes swimming. stop practicing next time I wish she would bad day nine nails Bob Bareker I love vegetables going great 同一个发音位置单词连接 清辅音和浊辅音 p/b t/d used to I used to work. five friends big kitchen supposed to need to back door help me
  • Linking vowel to vowel see it = see y it /i/ 和 /ɔɪ/ /eɪ/ /aɪ/连用 中间加 y /j/ very interesting = very y interesting carry on=carry y on We are=we y are May I =May y I enjoy it=enjoy y it boy is = boy y is that boy y is tall. who is =who w is /i/和 /u/ /ou/ 连用 中间加 w/w/ no one =no w one two hours = two w hours blue ocean= blue w ocean do all = do w all no answer = no w answer
• 语音语调
  • rising and falling intonation statement=pitch goes down 陈述句使用降调 重读和陈述句降调不冲突，重读时还是降调 all right.↘ all right？↗ hello.↘ hello？↗ I like it.↘ Have a nice day.↘ My name is Bob.↘ It's cold outside.↘ I'm tired.↘ I‘m hungry，because I haven't eaten all day.↘ I feel good.↘ Today is Monday.↘ question 一般疑问句Yes/No intonation goes up 升调 Are you happy？↗ Are you hungry？↗ Did you eat？↗ Did you like it?↗ 特殊疑问句wh- intonation goes down 降调 How are you？↘ How old are you？↘ Where do you live？↘ What do you do？↘ How did you do that？↘
  • 列举的语调 前面向声调，最后一项降调 I bought chicken↗ fish↗ apples ↗and sugar.↘ I woke up ↗ate breakfast↗ and went to work.↘ I like to run↗ play tennis ↗and swim.↘ I have milk↗ water↗ butter↗ and eggs.↘ 话没说完时，中间可用声调 I think it‘s gonna rain.↘ I think it's gonna rain，↗but I'm not sure.↘ I’d love to eat that.↘ I’d love to eat that，↗but I‘m on a diet.↘ Give me your number.↘ If you give me your number，↗I’ll call you.↘ 引导词用升调 on the other hand however in my opinion on the other hand，↗maybe I‘ll go.↘ If I were you，↗I would talk to him.↘ 提供选择，用声调 Should I call you，↗or send you an email？↘ Do you like chicken ↗or beef？↘ Does he have green eyes ↗or blue eyes？↘ Is he a young man ↗or an old man？↘