导图社区 50个句型搞定英语口语（笔记-4）
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50个句型搞定英语口语（笔记-4）
针对一部宝藏级的口语书做的笔记。以前会遇到的一些语法问题，也迎刃而解。做好笔记，接下来，会逐步内化和应用。
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50个句型搞定英语口语（笔记-4） 初学者无障碍沟通的12种句型
1. I wish (that)... 我真希望...... I wish I had a bad memory. 我真希望我的记忆力好一点。
重点
wish后面接that从句
that经常省略
虚拟语气
假设内容的时态比事实时态“往后退一步”
I wish I had gone to bed earlier last night.
我真希望昨晚我早点睡。
went
had gone
wish的时态
不影响从句的动词形式
I wish I were taller.
我真希望我身高高一点。
I wish I were taller.
我真希望我身高高一点。
换人称
He wished he hadn't met her.
他希望他没有遇见她。
They wish they could have come to the party.
他们希望他们本来能够来派对。
Chris wished he could own a better car.
chris希望自己可以拥有一辆更好的车。
Carrie wishes she didn't have to work.
Carrie希望自己可以不用工作。
例句
现在没有
wish+主语+过去式
I wish I had a car.
我真希望我有一辆车。
I wish you had more money.
我真希望你更有钱。
He wishes he were more handsome.
他希望自己更帅一点。
之前没有
wish+主语+had+过去分词
wish+主语+would/should/could/might+have+过去分词
I wish I had been nicer to him.
我真希望我之前对他好一点。
I wish I could have gone to the party.
我真希望之前去了那个派对。
He wishes he had eaten more this morning.
他真希望他早上多吃了一点。
未来的事
wish+主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形
I wish I could go swimming tomorrow.
我希望明天可以去游泳。
I wish they would sign the contract.
我希望他们会签合约。
He wishes his parents would let him go to the concert.
他希望他父母会让他去演唱会。
2. or/otherwise... 不然...... Hurry up, or you won't catch the train. 快点，不然你就赶不上火车了。
重点
......，否则......
祈使句+or/otherwise+陈述句
祈使句
条件
陈述句
结果
Hurry up, or you'll be late.
Hurry up, otherwise you'll be late.
快点，不然你会迟到。
可改成陈述句
陈述句+or/otherwise+陈述句
You must hurry up, or you'll be late.
You must hurry up, otherwise you'll be late.
你得快一点，不然你会迟到。
例句
+will/will not
I wish I had a cat.
我真希望我有一只猫。
have
had
You should go soon, or they will see you.
你得赶紧走，不然他们会看到你的。
Leave now, or you will not get there in time.
现在就走吧，不然你不会及时赶到的。
Come with me, otherwise you'll get lost.
跟我来吧，不然你会迟到的。
You must be polite, or you won't impress your in-laws.
你必须有礼貌，不然不会让你的岳父母有好印象的。
+can/cannot
You must wear a coat, or you can catch a cold.
你得穿件外套，不然你会感冒。
Put on your shoes, or you cannot go out.
把鞋子穿上，不然你不能出面。
Eat this, otherwise you can get hungry.
吃这个吧，不然你可能会饿。
You should finish your homework, otherwise you can't go to bed.
你必须写完功课，不然你不能去睡觉。
+might/ might not
You should hurry, or you might miss the flight.
你应该快点，不然你可能会错过班机。
We must be quick, or we might not get to the theater in time.
我们应该快点，不然我们可能没办法到达剧院。
Write faster, or you mightn't finish the test in time.
写字写快点，不然你可能没办法及时做完测验。
3. more than... 不只是 He is more than a friend. 他不只是个朋友。
重点
不只......；超过......
more than + num./ n./ adj./ adv.
+数词
I have known him for more than 20 years.
我认识他已经超过20年了。
+名词
He is more than a famous artist; he is a director, too.
他不仅仅是个著名的画家，还是个导演。
+形容词
I am more than satisfied with the job.
我非常满意这份工作。
+副词
He said more than happily that he would help.
他很开心地说他会帮忙。
不、很少、不很、不到
less than+adj./adv.
I was less than excited to see that the annoying neighbors were here to visit.
那些烦人的邻居又来了，我不怎么兴奋。
He is less than happy to hear that he has loat the bet again.
他听到他又赌输了，不怎么开心。
She was less than nice to me last time we went.
上次见面的时候，她对我不怎么友好。
The trip was less than fun.
那次旅程不怎么好玩。
例句
+数词
......以上、不只......
There are more than 30 people in the room.
房间里有超过30人。
More than 16 students are absent today.
今天有超过16个学生都没来。
We have more than 10 books to read.
我们有超过10本书要读。
+名词
不只是、不仅仅是
You are more than a friend to me.
你对我来说，不只是朋友。
My dog is more than a pet to me. He's also my best friend.
我的宠物对我来说不只是只宠物，它也是我最好的朋友。
He is more than a classmate to me.
他对我来说，不只是同学。
+形容词/副词
I'm more than willing to help you.
我非常愿意帮你。
He is more than exhausted today.
他今天非常疲惫。
We'll be more happy to give you some advice.
我们非常乐意给你一点建议。
4. 比较级+than... 比......更...... My bicycle is cheaper than yours. 我的自行车比你的便宜。
重点
A比B更......
单音节
My bicycle is cheaper than yours.
我的自行车比你的便宜。
多音节
My bicycle is more expensive than yours.
我的自行车比你的贵。
单
He got here sooner than I did.
他到达这里比我快。
多
He dances more beautifully than I do.
他跳舞比我美。
省略
从句中与主句相同的成分
My bicycle is cheaper than yours(your bicycle).
我的自行车比你的（自行车）便宜。
My bicycle is more expensive than yours(your bicycle).
我的自行车比你的（自行车）贵。
例句
much a lot + 比较级 a little by far
表示程度
He's much older than Iａｍ．
他年纪比我大得多。
This dog is a lot bigger than that one.
这只狗比那只够大很多。
I'm a little shorter than Jack is.
我比杰克矮了一点点。
He's by smarter than his brother is.
他比他哥哥聪明多了。
no + no相关的词
最；极；再没有比......更......的了
No animal is bigger than the whale.
没有什么动物比鲸鱼更大。
Nothing is more valuable than life.
没有什么比生命价值更高了。
Nobody is nicer than Jane.
没有人比简更好。
No one is richer than he is.
没有人比他更有钱。
not+
不必......更
A horse is not bigger than an elephant.
马不比大象大。
Chris is not taller than Brad is.
Chris没有Brad个子高。
The cake is not more expensive than the ring.
这个蛋糕没有这个戒指贵。
We're not better than they are.
我们没有他们好。
5. the+比较级...,the+比较级... 越......越...... The more I eat, the fuller I get. 我越吃就越饱。
重点
越......，越......
the+adj./adv.比较级
一个主句+一个从句
主句和从句都可以有所省略
主句如果是一般将来时
从句可以用现在进行时代替
两个比较级不一定要词性相同
The busier I am, the happier I feel.
我越忙越感到快乐。
The easier the test is, the sooner the students turn in their papers.
考试越简单，学生们就越早交卷。
越来越
比较级+and+比较级
more and more+形容词原形
多音节
She has turned thinner and paler.
她变得越来越消瘦苍白了。
Games have become more and more fascinating and expensive.
游戏已变得越来越有趣，也越来越贵了。
My son has become taller and stronger.
我的儿子变得更强壮了。
Hotels are becoming more and more comfortable and convenient.
饭店越来越舒服、便利。
例句
词性相同
The hotter the weather is, the higher the temperature is.
天气越热，气温越高。
The nicer you are to others, the kinder they will be to you.
你对别人越好，他们对你越好。
The sooner you finish your homework, the more quickly we can go out.
你越早完成功课，我们就可以越快出门。
词性不同
The hotter it is outside, the more quickly the snowman melts.
外面越热，雪人融化得越快。
The more happily you greet others, the more likely they are to like you.
你越是快乐地和别人打招呼，他们越可能会喜欢你。
less...less...
The less you talk to others, the less they'll talk to you.
你越少和别人讲话，他们就越少和你讲话。
The less rude you are, the less angry they'll get.
你越不鲁莽，他们就会越不生气。
6. I'm afraid (that)... 恐怕...... I'm afraid you are too late. 恐怕你已经太迟了。
重点
恐怕
= I'm sorry, but...
I'm afraid that
缓和语气
措辞礼貌
I'm afraid that he's not available at the moment.
I'm sorry, but he's not available at the moment.
抱歉，恐怕他现在没有空。
I'm afraid
可以位于句首、句尾。
that可省略。
I'm afraid you are in my seat.
I'm afraid that you are in my seat.
You are in my seat, I'm afraid.
恐怕你坐的是我的座位。
例句
现在式
I'm afraid you're not allowed inside.
恐怕不能允许你进来。
I'm afraid that we won't be able to convince him.
我们恐怕无法说服他。
You shouldn't be here, I'm afraid.
恐怕你不应该来这里。
过去式
意思变成：我本来害怕......
I was afraid we wouldn't make it.
我本来担心我们办不到呢。
I was afraid that we couldn't go.
我本来担心我们不能去的。
无将来式 无完成式
I'm afraid of
我怕......
"I'm afraid." "Don't be silly.It's just a horror movie."
”我害怕。“ ”别蠢了，只不过是个恐怖片而已。“
I'm afraid of spider.
我怕蜘蛛。
I'm afraid of my aunt.
我怕我的阿姨。
I'm not afraid
我不怕......
I'm not afraid that they would hate me.
我不怕他们会讨厌我。
I'm not afraid of cows.
我不怕牛。
I'm not afraid of failure.
我不怕失败。
7. It is/was...that/who... 是......的 It was Jason who ate it. 是Jason吃掉的。
重点
It is/was+被强调部分+that/who...
被强调的部分
人、物、时间、地点......
在be和that/who中间
be为单数
is, are
It was what he did that disappointed me.
正是他所做的事使我很失望。
It was the movie that made her cry.
正是那部电影让她哭了。
强调人
who; whom
其它均为that
It was this man who was rude to our boss.
正是这个男的对我们的老板无礼。
判断方法
去掉It is/was...that/who...
句子意思完整
强调句
句子意思不完整
其它
It was the movie that made her cry.
正是那不电影让她哭了。
The movie made her cry.
那电影让他哭了。
It was the cat that I saw yesterday.
那是我昨天看到的猫。
The cat I saw yesterday.
我昨天看到的猫。
句型不完整
例句
强调事物
It was gambling that made him go broke.
正是赌博害他一贫如洗。
It was the phone call that interrupted our conversation.
正是那通电话打断了我们的对话。
强调人
It was Lisa who called him a pig.
正是Lisa说他是猪。
It was my sister who told me about it.
正是我姐姐跟我说的。
强调时间、地点
It was yesterday that we heard about it.
我们正是昨天听到这件事的。
It was at this park that we first met.
我们正是在这个公园初次见面的。
8. It is obvious/clear that... 很明显...... It is obvious that she is sick. 她很明显生病了。
重点
清楚、显然
It is obvious/clear that...
清楚、显然
it是形式主语
that引导从句
that可以省略
It is obvious the driver couldn't control his car.
那个司机显然控制不住他的车了。
It is clear that she doesn't wantv to see you.
很显然，她并不想见你。
使其变得清楚
make it obvious/clear
I've already made it clear that I don't agree.
我已经表示得很清楚了，我不同意。
He made it obvious that he had nothing to do with it.
他已经表示得很清楚了，他和那件事一点关系都没有。
例句
一般现在时
It is obvious/ clear...
后面不一定接一般现在时
It is obvious that she's not happy.
很明显，她不怎么开心。
It is obvious that they haven't finished it yet.
很明显，他们还没完成。
It is obvious that he will quit his job.
很明显，他会辞职。
一般过去时
It was obvious/clear...
不一定接
一般过去时
一定接
过去相关时态
It was clear that he was a firefighter.
很明显，他是个消防员。
It was obvious that he hadn't been too excited about it.
很明显，他对这件事不怎么兴奋。
It was clear that we would be there.
很明显，我们会去。
very/quite+
It is quite clear that it has been stolen.
非常明显，它被偷了。
It is very obvious that we've got it wrong.
非常明显，我们搞错了。
not + obvious/ clear
Right now, it's not clear why he made that choice.
目前不清楚，他为什么做了那个选择。
It's not obvious that they've already divorced.
他们已经离婚这件事不太明显。
It was not clear who was the murderer.
谁是凶手，目前还不太清楚。
It was not obvious that they knew each other.
他们彼此认识，但不太看得出来。
9. It is a pity (shame/surprise...)that... 很可惜（可惜/惊讶） It is a surprise that she's younger than I am. 很令人惊讶的是，她比我还年轻。
重点
强调“居然、竟然”
It is a pity (shame/surprise...) that
表达说话者的感情或感受：惊奇、失望、懊恼、不满等
从句发生在主句前
that+从句
虚拟语气
should 用来加强说话人的语气：居然、竟然
should + v.
should do
现在或将来
should have done
过去
It is a surprise that you should be older than I am.
你居然年纪比我大，真是令人惊讶。
It is a pity that our team should have lost the game.
我们队伍居然输掉了比赛，真是可惜。
不强调
that+从句
陈述语气
It's a shame that you can't come to the party.
真可惜你不能来参加派对。
It's a pity that we didn't get there in time.
我们没及时赶到，真是太可惜了。
例句
一般现在时
It is a pity/surprise/shame
后面不一定接一般现在时
It's a pity that you couldn't make it to my concert.
你没能来参加我的演唱会，真是太可惜了。
It's a surprise that he's actually Jane's brother.
他其实是Jane的哥哥，真是太让人惊讶了。
It's a shame that we were unable to help the child.
我们帮不了那个孩子，真是太遗憾了。
一般过去时
It was a pity/surprise/shame
后面不一定接一般过去时
一定不接一般现在时
It was a pity that they couldn't make it to the meeting.
他们没办法赶上会议，真是太可惜了。
It was a surprise that he should have arrived so soon.
他这么早就到了，真是令人惊讶。
It was a shame that they hadn't done anything to help.
他们一点忙也没帮，真是令人遗憾。
adj./adv.+
such/ quite/ really +
big/ huge + ...
It's such a pity that you lost the bet.
你赌输了，真是可惜。
It's quite a surprise that he's such an excellent violin player.
他这么会拉小提琴，真是令人惊讶。
It's a huge shame that we didn't know about it.
我们之前都不知道这件事，真是太可惜了。
10. How/What/When/...+can we/I do...? 我（们）可以......? How can I get to the station? 我可以如何到车站？
重点
疑问词+情态动词
疑问代词
who, whom, whose, what, which
疑问副词
when, where, why
How can I get to the station?
我该怎么去车站？
Who can we bring to the party?
我们可以带谁去参加派对？
Where can I go for some coffee?
我们可以去哪买咖啡？
When can I come in?
我什么时候可以进来？
Whom can I ask about this?
关于这个问题，我可以问谁？
动词+
tell 看出
know 知道
forget 忘记
wonder 想知道
remember 记得
I can't tell how I can get to the airport.
我不知道怎么去机场。
I don't know when I can get a reply.
我不知道我什么时候才能得到答复。
I forgot what I can bring inside the theater.
我忘记我可以带什么东西进剧院了。
I wonder where I can buy a computer mouse.
我想知道在哪里可以买到一个电脑鼠标。
I can't remember how I can get there.
我不记得我可以怎么去那里了。
例句
单纯问句
When can I call you at the earliest?
我最早什么时候可以打电话给你？
Where can I find some chairs?
我可以在哪里找到椅子？
How can I tell him about it?
我可以怎么跟他说？
“指出问题”的陈述句
tell, know, forget, wonder, remember
I can't tell how I can get there.
我看不出来，我该怎么去？
I've already forgotten who I can ask about the luggage.
我已经忘记行李的事我可以问谁了。
I'm wondering where I can go to for a picnic.
我想知道我可以去哪里野餐。
复合问句
tell, know, forget, wonder, remember
Do you know where I can find some chairs?
你知道我可以在哪里找到椅子吗？
Do you remember how we can find the subway station?
你记得我们可以怎么去地铁吗？
11. There is no+名词+(in)+动名词... 做（某事）没有...... There is no point in talking to him. 跟他说话没有意义。
重点
There be引导的句型
语法
主语
介词后面的动名词
in
可以省略
常见名词
use用处；good好处；harm伤害；sense意义；point意义
There is no use trying to convince him.
试着要说服他是没什么用的。
There is no good in asking hime to help us.
请他帮忙对我们来说没什么益处。
There is no harm in drinking coffee sometimes.
有时候喝点咖啡是无害的。
There is no sense in getting up at three a.m.
凌晨三点起来是没有意义的。
There is no point in arguing with him further.
继续和他争论没有意义。
变化句型
There isn't any...= There is no...
There isn't any use trying to convince him.
要试着说服他没有什么用。
There isn't any good in asking him to help us.
请他帮助我们没有什么益处。
There isn't any harm in drinking coffee sometimes.
有时候喝点咖啡是无害的。
There isn't any sense in getting up at three a.m.
凌晨三点起来是没有意义的。
There isn't any point in arguing with him further.
继续和他争论没有意义。
例句
基本型
There is no+名词+(in)+动名词
There is no point in asking him to come along.
问他要不要一起来是没有意义的。
There is no sense in making your mother angry.
惹你妈妈生气是没有意义的。
There is no use crying over spilt milk.
牛奶都打翻了再来哭是没有用的。（覆水难收）
变化型
There isn't+名词+(in)+动名词
There isn't any point in joking about this.
拿这件事开玩笑没有什么意义。
There isn't any harm in calling him to ask.
打电话问他没有什么坏处。
There isn't any good in convincing him to see it our way.
说服他同意我们的看法没什么好处。
be
There was no use in looking it up.
就算去查也没有什么用。
There wasn't any point in asking him.
就算问他也没用。
There won't be any good in agreeing with them.
同意他们的话也没有什么用。
12. sb.+情态动词+have+过去分词 某人过去做某事...... You must have been crazy to have done that. 你做出那种事，一定是疯了。
对过去事情的判断和感触
must
must+have+过去分词
肯定句
对过去发生的事情，进行肯定推测
语气比较坚定：“过去一定”
She must have gone by bus.
她一定是坐公交车去的。
can/could
can/could+have+done
本来能够做某事（而没有做）
能做没做
can't/couldn't+have+过去分词
对过去事情的假设
过去不可能做过（发生过）
一定没做过（发生过）
That can't have been true.
那一定不是真的。
may/might
may/might+have+过去分词
对已发生的动作进行不肯定的推测
might语气稍弱
过去可能做过（发生过）某事
You might have left it in the hotel room.
你也许把它留在饭店房间里了。
need
need+have+过去分词
否定句
本来不需要做某事（但却还是做了）
We need not have set off so early.
我们原本不必这么早出发的。
例句
must
must have...
(当时)一定
must not have...
(当时）一定没有
You must have been scared.
你当时一定很害怕吧。
You must not have seen me.
你当时一定没看见我吧。
can/could
can/could have...
当时可以做（但没有做）
can/could not have…
当时不可能做到（所以也真的没有做到）
We could have eaten the whole pizza, but we saved some for you.
我们本来可以吃掉这个披萨的，但我们还是帮你留了一点。
He couldn’t have stolen your money because he wasn’t even here when it happened.
他不可能偷你的钱，因为盗窃案发生时，他根本不在这里。
may/might
may/might have…
过去可能做过（不确定有没有做）
may/might not have…
过去可能没有做过（不确定有没有做）
The murderer might have left some clues.
凶手可能留下了一些线索。
I might not have turned off the stove.
我可能没有关掉炉子。
need
need not have...
本来不需要做某事（却做了）
You needn't have joined in.
你本来不需要加入的。（但你还是加入了）
We needn't have helped them.
我们本来不需要帮他们的。（但还是帮了）
You needn't have finished the cake.
你本来不需要把蛋糕吃完的。
They need not have done this.
他们本来不需要做这件事的。
need have
ought to
ought to have
当时应该要
ought not to have
当时不应该
You ought to have come earlier.
你应该要早一点来的。
You ought not to have said that.
你不应该那样讲的。
should
should have
本来应该......却没有做
shouldn't have
本来不应该......却做了
We should have told him.
我们应该跟他讲的。（却没讲）
We shouldn't have listened to him.
我们不应该听他的话的。（却听了）
would
would have
本来愿意
wouldn't have
本来不会的
I would have gone to the party, but I got sick.
我本来愿意去派对的，但生病了。
I wouldn't have said that if I were you.
如果我是你，我不会那样说。