导图社区 定语、定语从句
该导图描述了定语的概念、定语成分、定语位置,定语从句的构成、引导词、特殊用法,以及如何区分定语从句和同位语从句 整理的内容简介,关键词突出
编辑于2022-06-21 18:31:20内科护理学—神经系统—4发作性疾病; 学习备考期间整理总结的学习资料; 重点突出,内容简洁,条理清晰; 在此分享出来,希望能帮到您。 参考资料:人卫内科护理学、习题集和考研大纲等。 关于您的疑问:可在评论区留言,看到必回复。 喜欢的话就点赞支持鼓励一下啦 ♥ 关于您的疑问:可在评论区留言,看到必回复。
学习备考期间整理总结的学习资料; 重点突出,内容简洁,条理清晰; 在此分享出来,希望能帮到您。 参考资料:人卫内科护理学、习题集和考研大纲等。 关于您的疑问:可在评论区留言,看到必回复。 喜欢的话就点赞支持鼓励一下啦 ♥ 关于您的疑问:可在评论区留言,看到必回复。
内科护理学—神经系统—2脑血管疾病; 学习备考期间整理总结的学习资料; 重点突出,内容简洁,条理清晰; 在此分享出来,希望能帮到您。 参考资料:人卫内科护理学、习题集和考研大纲等。 关于您的疑问:可在评论区留言,看到必回复。 喜欢的话就点赞支持鼓励一下啦 ♥
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内科护理学—神经系统—4发作性疾病; 学习备考期间整理总结的学习资料; 重点突出,内容简洁,条理清晰; 在此分享出来,希望能帮到您。 参考资料:人卫内科护理学、习题集和考研大纲等。 关于您的疑问:可在评论区留言,看到必回复。 喜欢的话就点赞支持鼓励一下啦 ♥ 关于您的疑问:可在评论区留言,看到必回复。
学习备考期间整理总结的学习资料; 重点突出,内容简洁,条理清晰; 在此分享出来,希望能帮到您。 参考资料:人卫内科护理学、习题集和考研大纲等。 关于您的疑问:可在评论区留言,看到必回复。 喜欢的话就点赞支持鼓励一下啦 ♥ 关于您的疑问:可在评论区留言,看到必回复。
内科护理学—神经系统—2脑血管疾病; 学习备考期间整理总结的学习资料; 重点突出,内容简洁,条理清晰; 在此分享出来,希望能帮到您。 参考资料:人卫内科护理学、习题集和考研大纲等。 关于您的疑问:可在评论区留言,看到必回复。 喜欢的话就点赞支持鼓励一下啦 ♥
定语、定语从句
定从构成
先行词(名词)+引导词+分句
定从引导词
根据引导词本身的词性、充当的成分3
代词(充当主语/宾语)
that 、who 、which
whom(只充当宾语)
形容词(只充当定语)
whose
副词(不充当成分)
where 、why 、when 、as
正确选择引导词2
先看先行词
再看从句是否缺成分
定从特殊用法
that引导定从时,在从句中充当宾语,that可省略
I enjoy the movie Zhao Wei directed.
区分限制性、非限制性定从
区别
限制性
定从紧跟先行词,修饰先行词
中间无逗号,不可省略
不可修饰句子
非限制性
补充说明先行词/ 整个句子,相当插入语
中间有逗号,可省略
可修饰句子
非限制性定从
引导词
同限制性定从
不可用that
翻译
修饰前面名词
译成2个独立句子
补充说明前面句子
引导词充当主语
译成“这、那、它”
引导词充当其他成分
根据汉语习惯
定从中that、which 区别
Which
引导非限制性定从
放在介词后作宾语
The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.
She had only the long nights in which he could study.
That
先行词是不定代词
much、little 、none 、all 、few 、everything
I did nothing that might hurt you.
先行词是疑问代词
who which what
Who that has ever worked together with him does not admire him.
主句以疑问代词开头
Which is the star that is nearer to the earth.
主句以Here、There开头
Here is the hotel that you have been looking for.
先行词被限定词修饰
The only 、The same 、The very
This is the first film that has been shown this term.
先行词被这些词修饰
any、 few、 little 、no 、all 、much 、some
You can take any seats that is free.
先行词被序数词/形容词最高级修饰
This is the most interesting story book that I have ever read.
先行词同时有人、物
She likes taking pictures of those people and things that she is interested in.
介词+关系代词引导的定从
为何有“介词+关系代词”引导的定从?
关系副词在从句中作状语,可用“介词+关系代词”代替“关系副词”
This is the city where I have lived for 20 years.
This is the city in which I have lived for 20 years.
从句的谓语,是固定搭配“动词+介词”,先行词在从句中作宾语
This is a subject about which we might argue for a long while.
用于表达与上文中的先行词/句子的关系
Playing basketball is a beneficial exercise from which we can obtain many advantage.
代词的选择
修饰人
Whom
修饰物
Which
Whose 用关系代词替换
Of whom/which
介词的选择
动词搭配介词,判断动介与先行词的关系
The girl for whom he had fought 2 years no longer important to him.
Fight for sb .为…斗争
I have bought many things on which I spent most of my money that I saved.
Spend money on sth.在…上花费金钱
动词与先行词关系
This is the roof on which people often enjoy the moon.
Enjoy on the roof
形容词+介词与先行词关系
English is the subject in which every student is interested.
Be interested in sth
先行词与句子的意思
The colorless gas without which we can not live is called oxygen.
翻译
找
关系代词的指代内容
还原
介词+关系代词还原到谓语后
翻译
定从放在先行词前翻译
调整
语序
the same as…、the same that…引导的定从
The same as
从句内容与先行词关系:同类不同物
翻译:像……一样
Mr.Darcy is the same man as I love.
我喜欢的人,是像达西先生一样的男人
The same that
从句内容与先行词关系:同类同物
翻译:正是……
Mr.Darcy is the same man that I love.
我喜欢的人,正是达西先生
as、which引导非限制性定从
非定从位置
As引导:正如,位置随便放
As we all know,man struggles upwards,and water flows downwards.
Which引导:放在所修饰词的后面
Man struggles upwards and water flows downwards, which is known to us all.
动词
As +be 动词
As is known to United States,Mark Twain is a great writer.
which+任何动词
区分定从、同位语从句
相同点
结构相同
先行词+引导词+分句
不同点3
引导词that
定从
that充当主语/宾语
同位语从句
that不作任何成分、没有任何意思
先行词
定从
任何名词
同位语从句
只能是可以解释的名词(抽象名词)
从句本身意思
定从
修饰前面的名词
同位语从句
解释前面的名词
定从至难点
寻找先行词
定从的先行词,可能不是离它最近的名词(短语)
划分句子结构、读懂句子、确定先行词
应用
作文
只要句中有名词(短语),就试着加定语
养宠物的好处?
Keeping pets can reduce loneliness
Keeping pets which look cute and lovely can reduce loneliness of some old citizens and children who stay at home alone.
1幅图画
In the vivid and simple cartoon,a hot pot which looks not only delicious but also nutrient,cooking while it is smoking,is filled with difference cultures including Chinese and western ones such as …
2副图画
In the former photograph,a young man who is a crazy football fan wrote the name of Beckham,a well-known worldwide superstar,on his face.
At the same time,in the latter one,another one young as well as fashionable is spending 300 yuan making his hair into Beckham’s style in a barber’s.
长难句
找定语
找名词
主句谓语在定语后
定语:名词后—主句谓语前
主句谓语在定语前
定语:名词后—句末结束
大定语中有小定语
括大定语
分小定语
特殊
固定搭配
定语:到固定搭配后结束
并列连词
定语:到并列连词前结束
翻译定语
简单
翻译在名词前
复杂
翻译在名词后、重复使用先行词
名词+定语a+定语b+定语c
从后—前翻译
定语位置
前置
后置5
形容词短语
n+形+介
介词短语
n+介
现在分词短语
n+现在分词
过去分词短语
n+过去分词+介
不定式短语
n+to + 动
定语成分5
形容词(短语)
The extraordinary rose turns dark red
名词(短语)
已形容化
The student falls in love with the professor’s daughter.
The student falls in love with the daughter of professor.
注意⚠️
可数名词不能单独使用
要么+修饰成分、要么+冠词、要么用复数形式
介词短语
The nightingale out of the window heard the sighs of the young man.
非谓语(分词、不定式)
The singing nightingale died.
The innocent nightingale must have loved the student deceived by the girl.
从句
The rose which the nightingale exchanged with her life failed to help the student.
概念
修饰名词(短语)的成分
…的+ 名词(短语)
…的就是定语