导图社区 四级英语核心词汇(1)
这是一篇关于四级英语核心词汇的思维导图,主要内容有CEPT/CEIVE(拿to take)、ACCORD/RECORD、QUIRE(索取,获取)、ACT(行为,行动)等。
编辑于2022-08-28 09:59:19 山东省四级核心词汇
CEPT/CEIVE(拿to take)
concept
词根词缀: con- 共同 + -cept- 拿
concept n.概念,观念
conceive n.酝酿,构思,构想,怀孕
I can hardly conceive of your doing such a thing. 我很难想象你会做出这种事情。
Women, he says, should give up alcohol before they plan to conceive. 他说女性在计划怀孕之前应该戒酒。
conception n.概念,受精,构思,胚胎
Conception occurs when a single sperm fuses with an egg. 当一个精子和一个卵子结合时受孕就发生了。
receive
词根词缀: re- 再 + -ceiv- 拿 , 取 + -e 动词词尾
receive(客观) v.收到,接待,受到,购买
She went to New York to receive the award in person. 她亲自前往纽约领奖。
accept(主观)v.接受,同意,认可
词根词缀: ac- 来 + cept- 拿
He would have to accept it; there was no other way. 对此他将别无选择,只有接受。
recept n.感觉
reception n. 接待;接收;招待会;感受;反应
receptionist n.接待员,招待员
receptive adj. 善于接受的;能容纳的
receptive ability (listening/reading)接受能力
productive ability 产出能力
except 除...之外
ex- 向外 + -cept- 拿
除...之外
except(包括)
The all went to sleep except Tony除了托尼之外他们都去睡觉了
except for(不包括)
The wells were bare except for a clock墙上除了挂钟什么也没有
perceive v.察觉,感觉,理解,认知
词根词缀: per- 贯穿 , 通过 + -ceiv- 拿 + -e
perceptive adj. 感知的,知觉的;有知觉力的
a highly perceptive comment 见地高明的评论
perception n. 知觉;感觉;洞察力;获取
our perception of reality 我们对现实的认识
My personality perception of sth. is that... 我对...的个人看法是...
deceive v.欺骗,行骗
词根词缀: de- 向下 + -ceiv- 拿 + -e
I think this is just a government ploy to deceive the public. 我认为这只是政府欺骗公众的手段.
deceive sb. into doing sth. 欺骗...做...
You can't pass exams without working, so don't deceive yourself (into thinking you can). 不努力是考不及格的,因此不要欺骗自己(以为可以及格)。
talk sb. into doing sth. 说服(用花言巧语)...做...
I don't know why I let him talk me into doing his homework for him. 我不知道为什么让他说服我替他做功课。
cheat sb. into doing sth. 欺骗...做...
ACCORD/RECORD
record v. 记录 n. 档案,履历,记录 adj. 创纪录的
词根词缀: re- 回 + -cord- 心(脏) → 使回到心中 → 记录
This is it, folks: the best record guide in the business. 就是这个,伙计们,业内最好的唱片指南。
The volunteers kept a record of everything they ate for a week. 志愿者记录下他们一周所吃的所有食物。
recoed记录
to set a new record刷新记录
to hit the record追平纪录
to break the record打破纪录
accord n. 符合;一致 v. 使一致;给予
词根词缀: ac- 来 , 临近 + -cord- 心(脏) → 心在一起 , 心心相印 → 符合 , 一致
With one accord they turned and walked back over the grass. 他们步调一致地转身走过草坪。
according adj。adj. 相符的;一致的;相应的;和谐的
根据法律/道德
according to the law/principle
Everything went according to plan. 一切均按照计划进行。
据我所知
as far as I know
As far as I know, he works until midnight every day. 据我所知,他每天工作到午夜。
as far as I am concerned
As far as I am concerned, you can do what you like. 就我而言,你想干什么就可以干什么。
QUIRE(索取,获取)
acquire v.获得,得到
词根词缀: ac- 来 , 临近 + -quir- 寻求 + -e
Students examined how children acquire language. 学生们仔细研究儿童如何习得语言。
调查,打听
enquire(into sth.)
I called the station to enquire about train times. 我打电话到车站询问火车时刻。
inquire(into sth.)
make an inquiry about sth.
They needed more time to consider whether to hold an inquiry. 他们需要更多的时间来考虑是否进行调查。
require v.要求,需要
词根词缀: re- 加强意义 + -quir- 寻求 + -e
requirement n.要求
I knew that concentration was the first requirement for learning. 我知道专心致志是学习的首要条件。
requirements n.订货量
Does this answer your requirements? 这个符合你的要求吗?
ACT(行为,行动)
react v.反应,做出反应,起反作用
词根词缀: re- 回 + -act- 行动
"How did he react?" — "Very calmly." “他有什么反应?”——“非常平静。”
exact v.要求adj.准确的
词根词缀: ex- 出 + -act- 行为(的结果) ←→ 事实 , 引申义:源于事实
interact (with sb.)v.互动
词根词缀: inter- 相互 + -act- 行动 inter: 在内,在中间,相互
interaction n.互动
interactive adj.互动的
enact v.使...起作用
词根词缀: en- 使… + -act- 做 , 行动
They're trying to enact a " nationality " bill. 他们正试图通过一项 “ 国籍 ” 法案.
transact v.交易
词根词缀:tran-, 转移,进入, act, 做,行为。引申词义交易,买卖等
This would free them to transact business across state lines. 这将使他们能够跨越州界进行交易。
APT(适应,能力fit)
倾向于,往往会做
be apt to do sth.
People are apt to confuse the two issues. 人们容易把这两个问题混淆起来。
be likely to do sth.
He is hardly likely to admit he was wrong. 他不大可能承认自己错了。
be inclined to do sth.
Martin is inclined to rush in where angels fear to tread. 马丁总是喜欢贸然行事。
be prone to doing sth.
Old people's bones are more prone to fracture. 老人更易骨折。
tend to do sth.
调整,使适应
adapt oneself to do sth./for sth.
词根词缀: ad- 加强意义 + -apt- 适合 , 适应
The scriptwriter helped him to adapt his novel for the screen. 编剧帮助他将其所著小说改编成电影。
suit/adjust oneself to sth.
We have been preparing our fighters to adjust themselves to civil society. 我们一直在培训我们的战士,以使他们适应普通的社会生活。
fit oneself to/into sth.
DICT(说话,措辞)
diction n. 措辞,吐字,发音方式
词根词缀: -dict- 说 , 讲 + -ation 名词词尾
dictionary n.字典
Clear diction is important. 吐字清晰非常重要。
addict v.沉迷于
词根词缀: ad- 临近 + -dict- 说 , 讲
She had become addicted to golf. 她已经对高尔夫球入迷了。
be addicted to/addiction to
DRESS
来自法语,词源同 direct, 引导,管理。引申义装饰,穿衣,连衣裙等。
dress sb./undress sb.
address n.住址,演讲,称呼 v.演讲,向...说
to make an address to sb.
redress n.赔偿,赔款 v.纠正,改正
to redress an injustice纠正不公
You must seek redress in the law courts. 你应当通过法律途径要求赔偿
underdress n.内衣
坚持
adhere to(立场,看法)
词根词缀: ad- 来 , 临近 + -her- 粘着 , 粘附 + -e
They're not really well-regulated unless they adhere to some industry standard. 他们不会受到很好的监管,除非他们遵守一些行业标准。
insist on(指人的看法)
词根词缀: in- 向内 + -sist- 站立 → 站在…立场上
I insist on paying for the damage. 我坚持要赔偿损失。
persist in doing sth.(正在做的事)
词根词缀: per- 贯穿 + -sist- 站 → 自始至终站着
Politicians persist in imagining that "the people" warm to their cheesy slogans. 政客们还在想象着“人民”对他们的空洞口号会越来越感兴趣呢。
stick to(一般指坏习惯)
stick vt. 刺;粘贴,坚持;伸出 n. 棍;手杖
MINISTER(n.牧师,部长v.管理)
词根词缀: -mini- 小 + -ster 名词词尾 , 人 → 大臣在君王面前是小人、奴才
管理员
administer(指管理人的)
词根词缀: ad- 临近 + -ministr- 服务 + -ator 名词词尾
administrator(指管理物的)
MIT(送send)
admit v.承认(脱口而出不愿承认的事)
词根词缀: ad- 来 , 临近 + -mit- 送 , 派
I have to admit that the news gave us a shock.我不得不承认这个消息让我们大为震惊
commit v.犯(贬)把...交托给;指派…作战;使…承担义务
commit a crime/suicide/robber 犯罪/自杀/抢劫
be committed to sth.致力于
emit v.射出
词根词缀: e- 出 + -mit- 送 , 派
omit v.省略
词根词缀: ob- ( b 略)离开 + -mit- 送 , 派 → 放走
Don't omit locking [ to lock ] the door. 别忘了锁门。
Omit the salt in this recipe. 省略菜谱中放盐这一步。
permit v.允许
词根词缀: per- 贯穿 + -mit- 送 , 派
permit sb. to do sth.允许...做...
Permit me to give you some advice. 请允许我给你提点建议。
SUB(向下,次一级的)
subway地铁 subtitle副标题 subculture亚文化 substander低于标准的 suburb郊区(urb市区)
submit v.提交
词根词缀: sub- 由下向上 + -mit- 送 , 派
Never submit to a threat. 永远不要屈服于威胁。
submit to向...提交,屈服于...
transmit v.发射(可回)
send off=launch 发射(不可回)
The device is not designed to transmit to satellites. 该设备不是为向卫星发送信号而设计的。
VENT(来come/风)
invent v.发明
词根词缀: in- 入 , 向内 + -vent- 来
I stood still, trying to invent a plausible excuse. 我站着不动,试图编个说得过去的借口。
invention n. 发明;发明物;虚构;发明才能
创作
creation n.创作,创造
recreation n.娱乐,消遣
the invention of printing 印刷术的发明
prevent v.防止,预防
词根词缀: pre- 前 , 先 + -vent- 来 → 到面前来
prevention n. 预防;阻止;妨碍
Calcium may aid in the prevention of colon cancer. 钙可能有助于预防结肠癌。
prevent from doing sth.
He said this would prevent companies from creating new jobs. 他说这将阻止各公司创造新的职位。
convent n.女修道院
con-, 强调。 -ven, 走。走到一起修道的地方,在18世纪以前并没有性别限制。
Living in the convent narrowed her views. 修道院生活使她的视野变窄.
convention n.会议,大会
词根词缀: con- 共同 + -vent- 来 + -ion 名词词尾
会议
conference=assembly=meeting 会议
congress=parliament 国会
seminar 研讨会
The action is an open violation of the Vienna Convention. 该行为公然违背了《维也纳公约》。
event n.事件,大事,结果
词根词缀: e- 向外 + -vent- 来 → 来的就是“事件”
For all its drama, the event was not unexpected. 虽然这件事带有戏剧性,但并不意外。
VISE
advise v.建议,通知(advice n.建议)
词根词缀: ad- 临近 + -vis- 看见 + -e 动词词尾
advise sb.to do sth.
They advise against foreign delegates wandering unescorted in various parts of town. 他们建议外国代表在没人陪同时不要在城镇四处游逛。
devise v.设计
devise sth(设计全套)=design(设计东西)
revise v.复习,修改 n.校订
词根词缀: re- 再 + -vis- 看见 + -e 动词词尾 → 再看一遍
监督
supervise
词根词缀: super- 上 , 超过 + -vis- 看见 + -e 动词词尾 → 在上面看
oversee
monitor(显示器,班长)
来自拉丁语 monere, 警告,提醒,监视,使记忆;词根 mon 表“警告
FECT(做,作do)
影响
affect vt.
词根词缀: af- 来 , 临近 + -fect- 做 , 作 → 对…起作用/做作
affect one'seyesight/heallth/feeling(负面) ≠ intervene干预(正面)
effect n.
词根词缀: ef- (= ex- )出 + -fect- 做 , 作 → 做出来的事 , 造成的事
对...有影响
have much effect on
lasting effect on
effect payment实时付款
influence慢慢影响(强调方式)
词根词缀: in- 入 , 向内 + -flu- 流 + -ence 名词词尾→即流进
influence your English study
impact直接影响(冲击,撞击)
im-, 进入,使, -pact, 压紧,推进,词源同 impinge,compact. 其原义为牙齿阻生,后引申词义冲击,影响
have impact on
The specific impact of the greenhouse effect is unknowable. 温室效应的具体影响无法知道。
defect n.缺陷,毛病 v.背叛
词根词缀: de- 下降 + -fect- 做 , 作 → 做得不够
shortcomings n.缺点,短处
infect v.感染
词根词缀: in- 入 , 向内 + -fect- 做 , 作 → 外界因素作用进入肌体
infecction n.
be infected with 感染
流感
flu=influenza
perfect adj.完美的v.使完善
to perfect sth.
Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. 就连奥巴马也在努力完善每一次演讲。
with the perfection of 随着...的完善
They have been working on the perfection of the new model. 他们一直在努力完善新型号。
LICT(to leave)
afflict v.折磨,使痛苦
词根词缀: af- 加强意义 + -flict- 打击
afflict worries/physical pain遭受困扰/身体痛苦
Famine and war still afflict mankind. 饥饿和战争仍使人类遭受痛苦.
conflict
词根词缀: con- 加强意义 + -flict- 打击
冲突
be in conflict with 处于矛盾之中
dispute(争吵)
词根词缀: dis- 分离 + -put- 考虑 + -e 动词词尾 → 各人想法不一样 , 各抒己见
clash(精神、意识形态的冲突)
religion(宗教)/culture/ideology(思想意识)
collide→collision(迎面相撞)
col-, 强调。 -lid, 碰撞,撞击
two cars collide
inflict v.使遭受打击
词根词缀: in- 加强意义 + -flict- 打击
inflict damage/economic loss 造至破坏/经济损失
Don't inflict damage on any person. 不要伤害任何人.
TUDE状态
attitude n.态度,砍伐
词根词缀: att ( -apt- )适合 , 适应 + -i- + -tude 名词词尾
attitude towards/to
gratitude n.感激
词根词缀: -grat- 恩惠 + -i- + -tude 情况 , 状态 , 性质
in gratitude 感激的
multitude n.大量,许多,人群,群众
词根词缀: -multi- 多重的 + -tude 名词词尾
a multitude of 大量的
大量的
a variety of
a host of
a varray of
the multitude大众,民众
longtitude 经度 latitude 纬度 altitude 海拔
attitude determines altitude态度决定高度
MENT名词后缀
apartment=flat 公寓套房
词根词缀: a- 离开 + -part- 分 , 局部 + -ment 名词词尾
compartment n.隔间v.分割
词根词缀: com- 共同 + -part- 分 , 局部 + -ment 名词词尾
The compartment is plenty big enough. 这个隔间足够大了。
department 系(大学)
词根词缀: de- 离开 , 分离 + -part- 分 , 局部 + -ment 名词词尾
department store百货商店
吸引
appeal (态度上)吸引,上诉;诉诸,求助
词根词缀: ap- 来 , 临近 + peal ( -pel- )推动
be appealing to 吸引
the Court of Appeal上诉法院
Economic change for its own sake did not appeal to him. 经济变化本身对他并没有吸引力。
attract→attractive adj.迷人的
词根词缀: at- 来 , 临近 + -tract- 拉 + -ive 形容词词尾
Making easy money has always been an attractive proposition. 轻松赚钱总是件诱人的事。
absorb v.吸收,吸引
词根词缀: ab- 分离 + -sorb- 吸收
be absorbed in
Steel barriers can bend and absorb the shock. 钢制栅栏可以弯曲并能吸收冲击力。
draw 牵引(外因)
来源于史前日耳曼语及古英语中的 dragan (也是英语 drag 和 dray 的词源);其原始意义是“携带 , 运送” , 变化为“拖拉 , 笔或刷子从表面扫过”。
draw one's attention to
He was waving his arms to draw their attention. 他正挥手以引起他们的注意。
PROVE(证明)
来自拉丁语 probare, 检验,证明,测试,来自 pro-, 向前, -be, 成为,是,词源同 be
prove(证明对的)
Are you just do this to prove a point? 你怎么做就是为了证明自己对吗?
disprove 反驳(证明错的)
The theory has now been disproved. 这个理论现在已经被证明是错的。
improve
改善
to perfect
People expect you to be as close to perfect as possible. 用户总是希望你是尽可能完美的。
to better my apparance/scores
to promote sales
SCRIBE(刻、画、写)
describe v.描写
词根词缀: de- 向下 + -scrib- 写 + -e 动词词尾 → 写下来
description n.描述=account
prescribe v.指定,规定,开药方
词根词缀: pre- 前 + -scrib- 写 + -e 动词词尾
prescribe sth. for sb. 为...开处方药
ascribe v.把...归于
词根词缀: a- 来 , 临近 + -scrib- 写 + -e 动词词尾
ascribe sth. to sb.把...归咎于≠owe sth. to sb.把...归功于
attribute sth. to sb. 把...归因于
Archaeologists attribute the ruin to a flourishing prehistoric kingdom. 考古学家认为这些废墟属于一个繁荣的史前王国.
“事件”
event 日常生活事件/体育比赛赛事
sport event 体育海报
accident 意外事件/机遇
词根词缀: ac- 加强意义 + -cid- 降临 + -ent 名词词尾
road/traffic accident 交通事故
Backseat baby may produce accident but backseat accident will produce baby
incident 事件,事变,插曲(历史)
词根词缀: in- 加强意义 + -cid- 降临 + -ent 名词词尾
The violation of the graves is not the first such incident. 像这种破坏墓地的行为不是第一次出现了。
incidence 几率
affair 事务;私事;(尤指关系不长久的)风流韵事
have an affair with sb.
emergency 急诊,紧急事故
emergency department 急诊室
医疗
chemists 药剂师
doctor at clinic
take the medicine/pills 吃药/药丸
“super”
superb adj.极好的,卓越的
supervision n.监督,管理
superfluous adj.多余的
supercilious adj.目中无人的
supersede v.取代,淘汰
屈服,让步
give in
yiled to
conced to
conform to顺应,顺从
对...有兴趣
be interested in
be keen on
be fond of
be crazy about
trans:两点之间来回
transport运输,translation翻译,transplant移植,嫁接
EN/EM:使adj/n转化为Vt,使具有...能力
enable(sb. to do sth. ) 使可行
empower使有力量,授权
entrust委托,托付
RE(相反,重复)
counter n.柜台,计算器 v.反驳 adj相反的. adv.逆向地
counterrevolutionary adj.反革命的(革命的:revoutionary)
counterclockwise adj.逆时针的
counteract v.抵制,抵消 =countermeasure
retake v.重新...
The hospital grants you four months to retake the exam. 医院同意你可以在四个月后进行内科理论的补考.
repeat v.重复
I'll repeat that so you can commit it to memory. 我会重复一下,好让你们记住。