系动词+形容词构成‘系表结构’ (look,sound,feel,smell,taste,seem,go,turn,stay,become,get,grow,keep, appear,make,...)
表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动。begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut, move,run,.
Work began at 7 o'clock this morning.今天早上7点钟开始工作。
少数动词用于进行时,其主动形式表被动。print,cook,sell
The meat is cooking.肉正在炖着。
介词in on under+名词 构成介词短语表被动意义
under control受控制 under repair在修理中 on show展出 in print已出版
Today some treasures are on show in the museum.今天一些珠宝在博物馆展出。
表示主语的属性特征的动词。read,write,act,iron,cut, clean, wear, wash,cook,lock,draw,dry,eat,drink,drive,sell...)
This coat dries easily.这件外套容易干。
不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语。
have(有) wish(希望) cost(花费) date back to(追溯到) agree with(同意) arrive at/in(到达) shake hand with(握手) succeed in(成功) take part in(参加) suffer from(受苦) walk into/enter(走进) belong to(属于)
This key just fits the lock.这把钥匙正好开这把锁吧 。
不定式主动表被动
be to blame(该受责备,对某件坏事应付责任)与be to let(待出租)两种结构中,用不定式的主动表被动
Which driver is to blame for the accident.这次事故是那个司机的责任。
在某些‘be+形容词+不定式’的结构中,不定式主动表被动
Chicken legs are nice to eat
在某些固定句型中动词不定式作状语,用主动表被动
have(give,show) sth to do
I have a family to support.
It+be+a/an+adj+n+to do
It is an easy sentence to translate.
There be +n+to do
There is nothing to do now.
动名词主动表被动
‘需要’型
在need,want,require几个表示需要的动词后,用动名词主动形式表被动
‘值得’型
(be)worth,deserve,merit后跟的动名词用主动表被动
The film is worth seeing twice.
‘超越’型
past,beyond等表示‘超越’‘在 —— 之外’后接动名词用主动表被动
He is past saving.他已经无法挽救了
It is no use crying for the spilt milk.覆水难收