inflammation

这是一篇关于inflammation的思维导图，主要内容有classification2、Induction of inflammation、Cardinal signs等。

inflammation

• Inflammation is a protective response involving host cells, blood vessels, proteins and other mediators • Inflammation is intended to eliminate the initial cause of cell injury, as well as the necrotic cells and tissue resulting from the original insult, and to initiate the process of repair
  • 如果没有炎症，感染将无法控制，伤口将永远无法愈合
  • 尽管炎症有助于清除感染和其他有害刺激并启动修复，但炎症反应和随后的修复过程本身会造成相当大的伤害,炎症反应的成分可能损伤正常组织
  • goal
    • to bring to the site of infection or tissue damage the cells and molecule of host defense that normally circulate in the blood
  • 炎症通常是可控和自限性的
  • 介质和细胞只有在对有害刺激作出反应时才被激活，而且是短暂的，当有害的因素被消除时就不活跃了,如果不迅速消除有害物质，结果可能是慢性炎症
• classification2
  • actue
    • rapid in onset and of short duration,last from a few minutes to as long as a few days几分钟到几天
    • mainly neutrophils
    • usually mild and self-limited
    • prominent
  • chronic
    • may be more insidious潜伏的,is of longer duration(days to years) and is associated with vascular proliferation and fibrosis
    • monocytes/macrophages and lymphoctes
    • often severe and progressive
    • less prominent;may be subtle细微的
• Induction of inflammation
  • 发炎由chemical mediators that are produced by host cells in response to injurious stimuli所诱导
  • various cells(macrophages,dendritic cells,mast cells..)通过分泌分子（细胞因子和其他mediators)that can regulate the inflammation response促成发炎
  • 子主题
  • 子主题
• Cardinal signs
  • Heat(calor)发热
  • redness(rubor)发红
  • swelling(tumor)肿胀
  • pain(dolor)疼痛
  • 由celsus总结的
  • loss of function(functio laesa)失去功能
    • 由Rudolph virchow加上的
  • consequences of vascular changes and leukocyte recruitment and activation