导图社区 The Kings of England
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The Kings of England
思维导图内容包括：威廉一世征服者(1066-1087)(诺曼底王朝1066-1154)、征服(1066.9.28-1066.10.14)2威廉一世的改革：英国的封建制度。
编辑于2022-12-09 16:21:59- 英国
- 封建制度
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The Kings of England
WilliamⅠthe Conqueror(1066-1087)(House of Normandy 1066-1154) ①Norman Conquest(1066.9.28-1066.10.14) ②WilliamⅠ's Reform: the feudal system of England acquired a more centralized character than those of other European countries. ③Doomsday Book《末日宣判书》（1086） ④after he died: Normandy→Robert; England→William Ⅱ
WilliamⅡ(was killed by an arrow)
HenryⅠ(1100-1135) ① led a English army defeated Robert; sized Normandy in 1106
HeryⅡ(1154-1189)(House of Plantagenet/House of Anjon 1154-1399) HeryⅡ's Reform: law and court ①Reduce the barons' military power, strengthen King's power; ②Improve and reform the law and courts: jury system and circuit courts; ③Reform the Church courts(failed)
RichardⅠ(1189-1199) was killed in France
John(1199-1216) defeated by France and lose Normandy, the lords forced him to sign a long docement: the Great Charter(June 17th,1215)《大宪章》——①the merchants and craftsmen appeared; ②It granted to the townspeople freedom of trade and self-goveronment; ③It was tore up with the Popes' help, so figthing broke out again and John failed and died.
Hery Ⅲ(1216-1272) Bitrth of Parliament: All Estates Parliament(1265)
EdwardⅠⅡⅢ EdwardⅠ(1272-1307): ①Conquest of Wales; ②Model Parliament(1295) Edward Ⅱ(1307-1327): weak and lazy—— work→household favorities; lord→a party against him →was murdered after handing over the crown to Edward Ⅲ Edward Ⅲ(1327-1377): ①Hundred Years' War(1337-1453)——1)a trade war; 2)English were on the offensive and won great vicories→early phase English failed underwent important political, economic, social changes; 3)two chambers: the House of Lords VS the Huse Commons; 4)the new Bourgeoisie become more important in Britain; ②Black Death(1348)—— shortage of labor; an order about labor→arouse a general hatred
Edward, Duke of York(Edward Ⅷ)
Lord Kenioe
Richard, Duke of York
Edward Ⅳ(House of York 1461-1485)
Edward Ⅴ
Richard Ⅲ
John of Gaunt
Hery Ⅳ(House of Lancaster 1399-1461)
Hery Ⅴ Wars of the Roses(1455-1485) [P81]: ①a feudal civil war; ②two groups: the Lancastrianss[red rose] VS the Yorkists[white rose](House of Lancaster(1399-1461) VS House of York(1461-1485)); ③red rose: wild nobles of the Scottish and Welsh, bordes; white rose: from east Anglia and London
Hery Ⅵ
John Beaufort
Hery Ⅶ(1485-1509)(House of Tudor 1485-1603) ①weaken the old nobility; ②gave the royal court of the Star chamber power; ③an efficient tax system; ④encourage weaving industry at home, shipbuilding industry and adventurous merchants
Hery Ⅷ(1509-1547) Religious Reformation[P83]: ①the Church of England got independence; ②declared himself superme head of the Church; ③ Act of Supremacy《至尊法案》,1534
Edward Ⅵ(1547-1553) succed at age of 9 and died at the age of 15
MaryⅠ(1553-1558) married the King of Spain ①"Bloody Mary"; ②Re-established Catholic Church in England, burned about 300 Protestants
ElizabethⅠ(1558-1603) ①the Church was re-established on a moderate Protestant basis； ②the British India Company was formed; ③the theatre attained great popularity; ④capitalism grew rapidly
James Ⅳ of Scotland
James Ⅴ of Scotland
Mary, Queen of Scots
JamesⅠ(1603-1625)(House of Stuart 1603-1714)
CharlesⅠ(1625-1649) the Bourgeois Revolution(1640-1688): ①Background: the Tudor family ruled English, England→efficient centralized government, medieval→modern country, feudalism→capitalism, the discovery of trade brought enormous wealth, made people think differently ②Condition: Capital Accumulation ——1)enclosure; 2)exploitation of colonies; 3)slave trade The Renaissance: ①Reason: 1)Economic conflict between the bourgeoisie and the Monarchy; 2)Persecution of Puritants ②the Process: 1)1629-1640: no Praliament; 2)1640: short Parliament; 3)1640-1653: long Parliament; 4)1642: CharlesⅠdeclared the war with Parliament, and war outbroke; 5)1642-1646: 1st Civil War; 6)1648: 2nd Civil War; 7)Jan.30,1649: King was excuted; 8)1649-1660: Commonwealth; 9)1660: Restoration; 10)1688: Glorious Revolution(Tory and Whig) ③Representatives:Sir Thomas More(classical work Utopia,1516); William Shakespeare
Charles Ⅱ(1660-1685) Restoration of the Stuart
James Ⅱ(1685-1688) Persecuted Puritans the Glorious Revolution(1688)( bloodless coup d'e'tat): ①awept away the obstacles of feudalism, paved the way for capitalism; ②had great influence on the French and American revolutions; ③marked the beginning of the era of capi talism; ④constitutional monarchy Bill of Rights Act of Succession
William Ⅲ and Mary Ⅱ(1689-1702)
Anne(1702-1714)
Oliver Cromwell(1653-1658) dissolved long Parliament
Richard Cromwell(1658-1695)
Edward the Black Prince
Richard Ⅱ a new poll tax→life bacame worse→ Wat Tyler's Uprising(in the summer of 1381, Kent and Essex)[P80]: ①leader: John Ball· Wat Tyler; ②aim: abolish serfdom ③failed, but gave a heavy blowto the nobles with the King , shook the foundation of the fedual society
Stephen(1135-1154) filled with wars in his reign between Maulda and Stephen, but he was defeated, Hery Ⅱ was crowned.
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