导图社区 牛津英文_六下_期中复习_Unit1-5_易错_知识重点_0
牛津英文, 六年级下学期知识重点,Unit1-5。易错题,固定用法,现在进行时,情景动词,固定用法区别等整理.。
编辑于2023-04-12 07:34:54 上海6 下英文 Unit 1-5
6下重点 U1
单词
Asia /'eiʃə/n.亚洲
Where's China on the map? 在这张地图上,中国在哪? —It's in Asia.中国在亚洲。
Asian adj. 亚洲的,亚洲人
China is an Asian (Asia) country with a long history.
east (E)/ist/adv. 在东方
Tokyo is east of Beijing.东京在北京的东方。
E 为 east 的缩写。 又如south(S) 在南方,west(W) 在西方,north(N) 在 北 方 , north-east (NE) 在东北方。
注意中英文在表达方位时的差异: 汉语说“东北”,但英语说 north-east。 又 如 north- west(NW) 在西北方,south-east(SE) 在东南方,south-west(SW) 在西南方。用英语表达方 位时,我们可以这样记忆:“南北在前,短横在中,东西在后”。
exhibition /ekstbiʃn/ n.展览会
They are coming to the exhibition as my guests. 他们将作为我的客人来参观展览会。
exhibit v. 展示或展出
exhibit flowers at a flower show 在花展上展出花卉 The young painter has exhibited his works in several galleries. 那位年轻画家的作品已在几家美术馆中展出。
capital/'kæpitl/n.首都
Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。 London,Paris and Rome are capital cities. 伦敦、巴黎、罗马都是首都城市。
capital n. 大写字母
Write your name in block capitals, please. 姓名请用大写。
information/ infəmeiʃn/n. 信息
information about education 教育信息
My father usually reads information about sports in the newspaper.
Can you tell me the information about our new English teacher,please? 你能告诉我关于我们新英语老师的信息吗?
information是不可数名词,没有复数形式,前面既不能用a 或 an 修饰, 又不能用 many, a few修饰;可以用some, much,a lot of修饰; 作主语时,谓语动词用单数连接。
There is a lot of information on the Internet.
palace/'pælə s/n.宫殿
The Palace Museum was home of the emperor.故宫博物院曾经是皇帝的住所。 —It's now a public museum.它现在是公共博物馆。
the Children's Palace 少年宫 the Summer Palace颐和园
tourist /tvərist/n. 游客;观光者
tourist是由tour(旅游;旅行)转化而来的,其复数形式为 tourists。
The tourists are planning a round-the-world tour. 这些游客正计划着一次环球旅行。 You may go to the Tourist Information Office to ask the way. 你可以到游客问询处去问路。
million /'miljən/num. 百万
The Sun is about ninety-three million miles away from us. 太阳距离我们大约有9300万英里远。
famous/feiməs/adj. 著名的
Who is the most famous monkey in China? 中国最著名的猴子是谁? —It's Monkey King Sun Wukong! 是猴王孙悟空呀!
词组
by plane 乘飞机
“by+ 交通工具”表示“乘…… (交通工具)” 注意在此结构中,交通工具前不加冠词a/an 或the。
用“by+ 交通工具名词”表示交通方式。此时交通工具的名词只能用单数, 不能用复数,也不能被冠词或物主代词等限定。 如:by bike,by bus,by car,by train,by ship, by plane。
by bus/train/ship/underground 乘公共汽车/火车/船/地铁
友 情 提 示 课文中的by plane 相当于by air, by ship相当于by sea。 表示步行可用 on foot。 询问“乘…… (交通工具)”, 用How 进行提问
How do you and Peter go to school every day? 你和彼得每天怎么去上学? —I go to school on foot and he goes there by underground. 我步行去上学,他坐地铁去。
用“by+ 交通工具”或用“in/on+ 冠词+交通工具”
Do you go there by bus? —No,we go there in a train.
用“in(on)+ 冠词/物主代词/名词所有格+交通工具名词”。 此时交通工具名词前必须有冠词、名词所有格形式或形容词性物主代词等限定词修饰,其用法与“by+ 交通工具名 词”相似。
He often goes to school on a(his) bike.他经常骑自行车去上学。 Don't come here on/in the ship.不要坐船来这里。 We go there in a car.我们乘小汽车去那里。
“take a(the)+交通工具名词”表示交通方式。 如:take a bus(乘公共汽车),take a train(乘火车),take a ship(乘轮船), take a plane(乘飞机); 但“骑自行车”要用 ride a bike 来表示。
Will you take a bus to go there? 你乘公共汽车去那儿吗?
表示“步行去某地”,可用下列两种句式:
(1)go to + 某 地 + on foot e.g. She goes to work on foot. 她步行去上班。
on foot 不可说成 on feet,on a/the/my foot,by foot等
(2)walk to + 某地
He walks to school every day. =He goes to school on foot every day. 他每天步行去上学。
two and a half days 两天半
two and a half days=two days and a half, 其中two and a half days 中 的half 为形容 词,意为“一半的”; two days and a half 中的half为名词,意为“一半”。 e.g.one and a half hours= one hour and a half一个半小时
more than 多于;超过
There are more than 20 students in our class.我们班有20多个人。 This skirt costs more than that one.这条裙子比那条贵。
hundred,thousand,million 三个数词的用法
(1)这三个数词在表达具体数字时没有复数形式。
three hundred 三 百 five thousand 五 千
( 2 ) 这 三 个 数 词 在 与of 连用表示成百成千时, 一定要用复数形式。
millions of 数百万的 hundreds of 数百的 thouands of 数千的
Many millions of / Several milion people in the world are sending and receiving e-mails every day.
million 是数词,意为“百万,百万个”。 固定搭配 millions of 表示“成百万的”, Several milion,或 millions of。
be famous for 和 be famous as 的区别
(1)be famous for指因为某人的某种知识、技能或特征而出名(原因), 也可以指以某种特产出名 (for 后的宾语是主语的所属)。 be famous for 意为“因……而出名”。
Tai'an is famous for Mount Tai. 泰安因泰山而闻名。
We all know that China is famous for the Great Wall.
(2)be famous as指某人以某种身份而出名(结果), 或以产地或地名而出名(as 后的宾 语是主语的同位语)。
Cheng Long is famous as an actor.成龙作为演员而著名。 Hangzhou is famous as a green tea producing place. 杭州作为绿茶的产地而闻名。
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
enjoy(喜欢,享受)后面往往跟名词、代词以及动词的-ing形式。
Some people enjoy tea, while others enjoy coffee. 一些人喜欢喝茶,而另一些人喜欢喝咖啡。 Tom and Jerry enjoy living in the countryside.汤姆和杰瑞喜欢住在乡村。
The retired couple enjoy taking photos.They always go out with their cameras. (2013 · 上海)
like,love 和 enjoy 有同样的用法: like/love/enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
Kitty likes/enioys/loves eating tomato noodles. 基蒂喜欢吃西红柿面。 My grandfather likes/enjoys/loves doing exercise in the morning. 我爷爷喜欢做晨练。
north-east A 在 B 的某方向的表达
(1)若 A、B 两个地方不相连,常用如下表达方式:
Tokyo is east of Beijing Tokyo is to the east of Beijing, 东京在北京的东方。
2)若 A、B 两个地方相毗邻,则表达方式如下
Jiangsu is on the north of Shanghai. 江苏在上海的北方。
(3)若 A、B 两个地方是从属关系,则表达方式如下:
Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部。
decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”
1.Harry has decided to open an online shop after graduating from school. (2014 ·上海)
mind doing sth.意为“介意做某事”
I wouldn't mind having a roommate. We can help each other and save money as well. (2014 ·上海)
How long does it take from …. to ….?
用于询问“从…… (一个地方)到…… (另一个地方)需多少时间?”
How long表示“多久,多长(时间)”,用于对一段时间的提问。 回答时用句型“It takes somebody … (time)to do … ”, 意为“某人做…… (事)需要花费…… (时间)”。这里的“某人”,若使用人称代词,需用其宾格。
How long does it take to travel from your home to school by bike? 从你家骑车到学校要多长时间? —It takes me about fifteen minutes.大约15分钟。
How questions
1.how long
(1)表示“多长时间”,询问时间的长短,主要用来对一段时间(如 three days,four weeks 等)提问。
How long does it take to get to London from here? 从这里到伦敦要多长时间? —At least ten hours.至少要10个小时。
(2)表示某东西有多长。
—How long is the river? 这条河有多长? —About 500 km.大约500千米。
2.how far 用于询间距离上的“多远”。
How far is it from your home to your school? 从你家到学校有多远? —About two kilometres.大约两千米。
3.how 用来提间方式或程度,也可以提问身体情况。
How do you go to school every day? 你每天怎样去上学? —On foot. 步行。 —How do they like China? 他们认为中国怎么样? —They like China very much.他们非常喜欢中国。 —How are you today? 你今天感觉怎么样? —I'm very well.我感觉很好。
训练
Miss Green goes to work by bus.(对划线部分提问) How does Miss Green go to work?
根据汉语意思完成英文句子。 他骑车去上学。
He rides a bike to school.或 He goes to school by bike.
How long does it take you to finish your homework every day? —About an hour.
固定用法 词组
1.by +交通工具乘 …… (交通工具) 2.from ..to ...从 ……到…… 3.enjoy doing sth,喜欢做某事 4.love doing sth.喜欢做某事 5.a lot of +可数名词复数许多
1.by plane乘飞机 3.by train 乘火车 5.how long多久 7.two and a half days两天半 9.the Great Wall长城
2.by ship 乘船 4.how far 多远 6.how many 多少 8.in the past 在过去 10.more than 多于,超过
6下重点 U2
take,bring 和 fetch 的区别
(1)take 意为“把(物)拿去;带走;把(人)带去”。 表示将人或物“拿开;带离”自己(说话者) 所在位置。
Take these plates away to the kitchen.把这些盘子拿到厨房去。
Please away this cup of tea. And me some coffee. A.take; bring B.take; take C. bring;take D.bring;bring 解析:选 A 。take away意为“带走”, bring 意为“带来”。
(2)bring表示将人或物“带到(拿到)”自己(说话者)所在位置。
Don't forget to bring your dictionary with you tomorrow. 你(你们)明天不要忘带字典。
(3)fetch 表示“去拿(某物)来”。
Will you fetch some water? 你能去拿点水来吗?
plan to do … 计划做……
Tom is planning to visit Rome this Spring Festival. 汤姆正计划今年春节到罗马旅行。
plenty of 许多,大量
后面可跟不可数名词,也可跟可数名词复数形式。 e.g. plenty of money 大量的金钱 plenty of books大量的书
arrive, get和 reach 的区别
三者都可作“到达”解。
(1)arrive是不及物动词,后接名词或代词时要加介词in 或at。 arrive in后接大地点; arrive at后接小地点。
When will Jim arrive in Shanghai? 吉姆将在什么时候到达上海? We arrived at the station in hot haste. 我们急急忙忙赶到车站。
Be In Hot Haste 急如星火
be in hot water 陷入困境
in deadly haste 火急地
Haste 英 /heɪst/
n. 仓促,急忙
in haste 急急忙忙地,草率的, 匆忙急忙的
The letter had clearly been written in haste. 这封信明显是在匆忙中写的。
In my haste I forgot to lock the door. 我匆忙中忘了锁门。
make haste 赶紧
She made haste to open the door. 她急忙打开门。
haste makes waste 欲速则不达
v. <古>赶紧,匆忙;<古>催促
When he arrived at the station, the train had left.
(2)get为不及物动词,后接名词或代词时要加介词to。
When do you usually get to school? 你通常什么时候到达学校? We got to London at 7 o'clock. 我们7点到达伦敦。
(3)reach 是及物动词,后面可直接跟表示地点的名词或代词。
We are going to reach Beijing tomorrow morning. 我们将在明天早晨到达北京。 Please phone me when you reach school. 到学校后请给我打电话。
must 和 have to的区别
Must 与 have to都意为“必须;应该;不得不”
(1)must 表示说话人的主观看法,即主观上的必要性,没有时态、 人称变化。
You must work hard at your lessons. 你们应该努力学习功课。 I must go home. 我必须回家。
I cannot find my watch. I must have lost it. 我找不到手表,我一定把它给丢了。
(2)have to一般表示客观方面的需要,有时态和人称的变化。
I have to go there. 我得去那儿。 We had to stay at home yesterday. 昨天我们不得不待在家里。
(3)must 的否定式为 mustn't, 表示“不应该;禁止;不允许”
You mustn't play football on the road. 不要在马路上踢足球。
(4)have to 的否定式为 do not have to, 英国英语中常用need not来代替don't have to
You do not have to come every day. =You needn't come every day. 你不必每天来。
6下重点 U3
be born, give birth to 的区别
be born意为“出生”,但其主语通常只能是表示被生下的人或动物。
She was born in 1968. 她生于1968年。 She was born in a musical family. 她生在音乐之家。
2)give birth to 意为“生产,生下”。 其宾语通常是表示幼畜或婴儿的词,其主语只能是表示雌性的词。
She gave birth to five children. 她生了五个小孩。
die of 和 die from 的区别
die v.(过去式、过去分词died, 现在分词dying) 死
Fish will die without clean water.没有干净的水,鱼就会死去。 —That's right.We must keep our rivers clean.对,我们必须保持河流清洁。
1)若死因存在于人体之内或之上(主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因),一般用介词 of, 如:die of illness(heart trouble,cancer,a fever,etc) 死于疾病(心脏病、癌症、发烧等)。
(2)若死因不是存在人体之内或之上,而是由环境造成的(主要指事故等方面的外部原 因),一般用介词 from, 如:die from an earthquake(a traffic accident,a lightning strike, etc)死于地震(交通事故、雷击等)。
want 和 would like 的区别
want vt.“想;想要”, 相当于would like。 当主语是第一人称时,用 would like要多于want, 因 would like语气较委婉。want 和 would like用法一样, 其后可接名词作宾语,也可接不定式作宾语,也可接sb.再加不定式作复合宾语。
I want/would like a kilo of tea. 我要一千克茶叶
He wants/would like to go and see Mr Green.他想去看格林先生。
remember doing sth.和 remember to do sth.的区别
remember to do sth.表示“记得去做某事(还没做)”; remember doing sth.表示“记得做过某事(做了)”。
advice /ədvais/ n. 劝告,忠告,意见
On his advice I am staying in bed.
advice 是不可数名词,不可以说 an advice, 一条建议可以说 a piece of advice。
some advice 一些意见 a piece of advice 一条意见 g give advice提出忠告 take one's advice 接受忠告
Let me give you a piece of advice .
advise v.劝告,患告,警告,建议, 常用于 advise sb. (not)to do sth.这 一 结构
lose /lu:z/ v. 失去;丢失;输
I cannot find my watch. I must have lost it. 我找不到手表,我一定把它给丢了。 I tried hard not to lose a word of his lecture. 我努力想听清他课上讲的每一字每一句。 Our team lost the football match. 我们队足球比赛输了。 Don't lose hold of my hand. 不要松开我的手。
lose memory丧失记忆 lose one's eyesight 失去视力 lose one's way 迷路 lose a chance 错过机会 lose one's train没赶上火车 lose a game输一局/场 lose a battle 输了一场战争 lose one's job失业
in danger 在危险中
Some wild animals are in danger. 有些野生动物处境危险。 It's dangerous to go out when there is a typhoon. 台风来临时外出很危险。
moon cake 月饼
People usually eat moon cakes on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month. 人们通常在农历八月十五那天吃月饼。
the fifth day of the fifth lunar month 农历五月初五;端午节
have dragon boat races 举行龙舟赛
Every year, we have dragon boat races on Dianshan Lake. 我们每年要在淀山湖上举行龙舟赛。
have 作为实义动词,含有多种含义
have breakfast 吃早饭 have a swim/walk/ride 游泳/散步/骑马 have a class 上课 have a meeting 开会 We have coffee at 11,我们11点钟喝咖啡。
to remember him ...不定式表目的,意为“为了……”。
Tom gets up early to catch the early bus. 汤姆起得早是为了赶上早班公共汽车。
Today,people eat rice dumplings and have dragon boat races to remember him on that day every year.
Where did he go? He went to another store to buy pencils
on 表示具体的某一天或 特殊的某一天的早上、下午、晚上等。
on Tuesday 在星期二 on April 8 在 4 月 8 日
on the night of May 25th 在5月25日的晚上 on a sunny morning 在一个晴朗的早晨
On the afternoon of March 8, the women in the city had a big party.
On Christmas Day
On a hot noon
(1)at 表示在时间点或较短的时期。
at 11:00 在11点钟 at haf past five在 5 点 半 at noon 在 中 午
at Christmas
(2)in 表示某年、某季、某月或泛指某天中的某段时间。
in 1998在1998年 in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上
in Spring Festival
one 是代词,ones 是其复数形式
I like sweet rice dumplings without beans, but I don't like salty ones with meat.
rather /ra:ðə (r)/ adv.宁愿,宁可;更确切地;有点,相当
I'd rather go to the movies. 我宁愿去看电影。
He's my friend, or rather he was my friend. 他是我的朋友,不过更确切的说,他曾经是我的朋友
lunar /lu:nə(r)/adj. 月(亮)的;农历的
lunar module 登月舱 lunar naut登月宇航员 lunar vehicles 月球车 lunar month太阴月(约29 .5日) lunar calendar农 历 lunar year太阴年
固定用法
1.would like to do sth. 想要做某事 2.give advice to sb. 向某人提建议 3.take one's advice 接受某人劝告 4.a piece of + 不可数名词一片 5.would rather do sth. 宁愿做某事 6.Would you like some..? 询问对方的意见
错题
Napoleon (拿破仑) lost the _Battle__ of Waterloo to Russians. / ˈbætl/
专有名词 大写
My _ favorite____ interest is playing badminton. (favor)
(同类中)最受喜爱的(等于favourite)
Ben __invited___ his friends to his birthday party last Saturday. (invitation)
n请柬,请帖 复数 invites 第三人称单数 invites 现在分词 inviting 过去式 invited过去分词 invited
6下重点 U4
单词
indoor/ido:(r)/adj. 室内的,户内的
an indoor pool 一个室内游泳池 indoor paint 室内画
an indoor party 室内聚会 indoor gardening 室内园艺
outdoor /aotdo:(r)/adj.室外的,户外的
outdoor games 户外运动 an outdoor swimming pool户外游泳池
an outdoor theatre 露天剧场 lead an outdoor life 在野外生活
puzzle //pʌ zl/n.难题;智力游戏;拼图
crossword puzzle 填字游戏 jigsaw puzzle拼图玩具
How dinosaurs died out is still a puzzle. 恐龙是如何灭绝的仍然是一个谜。
Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me. 他们为什么要做此事我仍感到莫名其妙。
model /'mpdl/n. 模型
What are you doing? 你在做什么? —I'm making a model plane.我在做一架飞机模型。
model ship 船模
health /helθ/n.健康
Which would you like to choose, health or wealth? 健康和财富,你选择哪一个? —Health,if I have to choose one. 如果非得选一个的话,我选健康。
healthy /'helei/ adj.(比较级healthier, 最高级 healthiest) 健康的, 反义词为 unhealthy,表示“不健康的”
How can we keep healthy? 我们怎样才能保持健康? —Eat healthy food and do exercise.吃健康食品,做运动。
Larry has put on too much weight because of his unhealthy diet.(healthy) (2013 · 上海)
Healthy (health) food makes healthy (health)life .
headache /hederk/n. 头痛
Are you all right? You look pale. 你身体不舒服吗?你脸色苍白。 —I have a bad headache. 我头疼得厉害。
病痛的表达 (1)英语中身体各部位疼痛的词多数由“部位+ache”来表示。 (2)表示病痛的词大多数是可数名词,如a headache, a stomach 痛 toothache是不可数名词。
cold /kəuld/n. 感冒 fever /fi:və (r)/n.发热,发烧 sore /sɔ :(r)/adj.(发炎)疼痛的
a bad/heavy/slight cold 严重/重/轻感冒 have a cold in the head/on the chest患伤风头疼/伤风咳嗽
cold n. 冷;寒冷
the heat of summer and the cold of winter 夏暑冬寒 She doesn't seem to feel the cold.她似乎不觉得冷。
Tom has a fever. 汤姆发烧了。 —Let's take him to hospital.咱们送他去医院吧。 Aspirin can reduce fever.阿司匹林可以退烧。
Jim,you sound strange today. 吉姆,你的声音今天听起来有点儿奇怪。 —I've caught a cold and now I have a sore throat。 我感冒了,嗓子疼。 My leg is still very sore.我的腿还是很疼。 She's still a bit sore after the accident 她出事后直到现在还觉得痛呢
have a cold感 冒 have a fever发 烧 have a sore throat 喉咙痛
exercise n.& v. 锻炼,运动
How often do you exercise?
Take more exercise to stay healthy. 多做运动,以保持健康。(作名词) You're getting fat, so you should exercise more. 你长胖了,所以要多运动。(作动词)
exercise作“运动”解释时是不可数名词, 作“体操”和“练习”解释时是可数名词。
gymnastic exercises 体操,健身操;[军] 操练 morning exercises 早操
spelling exercises 拼写练习 do one's exercises(=do one's homework) 做功课
exercise book练习本 take exercise 做体操,做健身活动 oral exercise 口语练习 physical exercise 体育运动;身体操练
We do morning exercises (exercise) every day
forget to do sth. 与 forget doing sth.
前者表示“忘记去做某事(未做)”, 后者表示“忘记做过某事(已做)”
She forgot to post the letter. 她忘记寄这封信了。
I'll never forget meeting my school headmaster for the first time. 我永远忘不了和我校长初次见面的情景。
Don't get angry at small things that your roommate does. Try to forget the unhappy things between you and your roommate.No one—including you—is perfect. (2013 ·上海)
The door is still open.I forgot to close it.
like/love/enjoy doing .. 喜欢做……
Many children like/love/enjoy flying kites on a fine day. 许多孩子喜欢在晴天放风筝。
practise doing sth. 表示 “练习做…… ”“训练…… ”的意思。
he practises playing the violin every morning. 她每天早上都练习拉小提琴。
It's because you don't have enough exercise, I'm afraid.
help do the housework 帮忙做家务
help(to)do sth. 表示“帮忙做…… ”, 有时可以改写为 help sb.with sth.。
Sally often helps her mum do the housework. =Sally often helps her mum with the housework.萨莉经常帮妈妈做家务。
Can you help me to learn English? (同义句转换) Can you help me with English
enjoy 意为“享受……的乐趣;喜欢”。 其同义词为 like,其后常接名词、代词、动词-ing形式。
I enjoy playing tennis.我喜欢打网球。 Did you enjoy the movie? 你喜欢那部电影吗?
enjoy oneself 相当于 have a good time 意为“过得愉快”。 e.g. I hope you enjoy yourselves.我希望你们玩得开心。
both,neither 和 either
either, neither,both 均表示“两者”, either表示“两者中任何一个”;neither表示“两 中都不”;both 表示“两者都”。
都可以作形容词。 either后接单数名词;neither后也接单数名词;both 则常与复名词连用 。
There are trees on both sides of the road.公路两边都有树。
Can I come on Saturday or Sunday? 我是星期六还是星期天来? — Either day is OK.随便哪一天都行
Neither answer is right. 两个答案都不对。
都可作代词,都可与 of 连用。 either of/neither of 后接复数名词或代词, 作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 both of后接复数名词或代词,谓语动词用复数形式。
Either of the answers is right. 两个答案中有一个是对的。 Neither of the answers is right. 两个答案都不对。 Both of the answers are right.两个答案都对。
Neither of them speaks English.You must speak Chinese.
should 表示劝告、建议、命令等,意为“应该”,后面接动词原形。
You should wash your hands first. = You ought to wash your hands first. 你应该先洗手。
We should learn how to use computers. 我们应该学习怎样使用电脑。 You should take care of your little brother. 你应该照顾你的小弟弟。
less 为 little 的比较级,通常与不可数名词连用。
We have less snow this year than usual. 今年的雪比往年少。 Less noise please. 请不要大声吵闹。
less 的反义词为 more。
Usually Xiao Li spends less time doing homework than Xiao Chen does.
固定用法 词组
1.like/love/enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 2.forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 3.too much+不可数名词太多 …… 4.practise doing sth.练习做某事 5.help(to)do sth.帮忙做……
I.stay healthy保持健康 3.play the piano 弹钢琴 5.in the playground 在操场上 7.have a sore throat 喉咙痛 9.have a cold 感冒 11.have toothache 牙痛 13.not enough 不够的 15.once/twice a day 每天一/两次 17.once a month 每月一次
2.play basketball 打篮球 4.do puzzles猜谜语 6.have a stomach ache 胃痛 8.have a headache头痛 10.have a fever 发烧 12.enough exercise足够的锻炼 14,how often 多久一次 16.four times a day 每天四次 18.help do the housework 帮忙
frequency 频率副词
1. “次数”的表达法:once 一 次 ;twice两 次 ;three times三次。 超过三次及以上的就用数字+times表示,比如说:four times 四次。
2.英语中表示次数的频率应该用: once a week,twice a week,three times a week。 a week 还可用 a month,a year,every week,every year来代替
3.对频率副词的提问用how often引导的特殊疑问句。 How often常与一般现在时或一般过去时连用。
How often do you go to the park? 你多长时间去一次公园? —Twice a month.一个月两次。
more/less/fewer
1.more 是 much, many 的比较级,在名词前表示“更多的…… ”, more 既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。
There will be more people in the future. 将来会有更多的人。 Is there more air pollution in the city? 这个城市有更多的空气污染吗?
There will be more buildings (更多的建筑) in 50 years.
There will be more libraries ( 更 多 的 图 书 馆 ) in this city,
2.less是 little的比较级,表示“更少的……”,less与不可数名词连用。
There was less tea in this cup.这个杯子里的茶更少。
Students will have less homework (更少的家庭作业) to do.
There will be less pollution (更少的污染)here.
3.fewer是 few 的比较级,也表示“更少的…… ”,修饰可数名词。
I am new here,so I have fewer friends than you. 我刚来这儿,所以没有你的朋友多。
Kids will have fewer computers (更少的计算机) in their classrooms.
There will be fewer trees (更少的树)in the park.
6下重点 U5
单词
possible adj 可能的
Please come here as soon as possible. 请尽快赶到这儿来。
I'll be there in five minutes 我5分钟后就到。
It's possible for him to lift the weight. 对于他来说,举起这点重量是可能的。
possibly adv. 大概,也许,或许 impossible adj. 不可能的
future /'fju:tʃə (r)/ n. 未来
1. What do you think cars will be like in the future? 你觉得未来的汽车会是什么样子?
Maybe they will be driven by computers. 也许它们会由电脑驾驶。
magic /'mædʒik/ adj. 有魔力的;魔术的,魔法的;不可思议的
1.The way she sings is really magic. 她的歌唱技巧真是妙不可言。 记忆链接 magic words 魔咒
magic carpet (《天方夜谭》中的) 魔毯 magic beauty令人着魔的美丽 a magic weapon法宝 magic cube魔方(玩具) magic eye 电眼,魔眼(用于监督产品质量) magic lantern幻灯 知识拓展 magician n. 魔术师
button /'bʌtn/n. 纽扣;按钮
1.My sister bought a coat with brass buttons yesterday. 我姐姐昨天买了一件有铜扣的上衣 2.Which button turns the volume down? 哪个按钮可以用来把音量调小?
press /pres/v. 按;压
1.Just press this button,and you'll start the engine. 只要按一下这个按钮便可启动这台发动机了。
知识拓展 近义词:push v.按,压下;推 反义词:pull v.拔,拉
back /baek/n. 背后,背部;(物体的) 背面
1.We lay on our backs under the tree. 我们在树下仰面躺着。 2.She put the saddle on the horse's back. 她把马鞍放在马背上。 3.This chair has a high back. 这张椅子椅背很高。 4.There's something written on the back of this book. 这本书的背面写有字。
weigh/wei/v. 称重量,测出重量,weight n. 重量
1.He weighed himself on the bathroom scales. 他在浴室的磅秤上称体重。 2.The clothing must be weighed before it is put in the washing machine. 要洗的衣物必须称过重量再放入洗衣机中。 3.This piece of meat weighs four pounds.这块肉重四磅。 4.How much does she weigh? Her weight is 50 kg.
good-looking adj. 美貌的;漂亮的
reporter n.记者,新闻记者
1.Julia has got a job as a reporter on the local paper. 朱莉娅得到了一份在本地一家报社当记者的工作。
baker n. 面包师 / bake v. 烘,烤
1.His father is a baker. 他的父亲是一个面包师。 2.Mum is baking a cake. 妈妈正在烤蛋糕。 It smells good. 真好闻。
百科小贴士: 以元音字母e 结尾的动词,且e 之前又是辅音字母的,其现在分词的构成是去e 后 加-ing, 如 bake 的现在分词是baking。
singer /'sigə (r)/ n.歌手,歌唱家
Is she a good singer? 她是 一 个好歌手吗? Oh, yes. She sings very well. 哦,是的。她唱得很好。 pop singer 流行歌手
agree e /ə'gri:/ v. 同意
1.agree on/about sth. 对 ……意见一致
They all agree on this case. 他们对此案件意见一致。
2.agree to do sth. 同意做……
Andrew has agreed to lend me his bicycle for the weekend. 安德鲁答应这个周末把自行车借给我。
3.agree to sth. 赞同;允许
She agreed to my idea. 她同意我的想法。
4.agree with sb. 赞同某人
I don't agree with you. 我不赞同你。
grow /grəu/v. (过去式 grew, 过去分词grown)
(1) 成长,生长
1.Plants grow fast in warm and rainy places. 植物在温暖多雨的地方生长得很快。 2.They grow slowly in cold and dry places. 他们在寒冷干燥的地方就长得慢了。
(2)栽种,种植
Farmers grow grains and vegetables on the farm. 农民在农场种粮食和蔬菜。 Some of them also grow flowers and fruit. 有些农民也种花卉和水果。
report n. 报告;报道, report v. 报告;汇报
1.The famous professor gave us a wonderful report yesterday. 这位著名的教授昨天给我们做了一次精彩的报告。 2.He reported on progress made in the hall. 他在大厅里报告了所取得的进展
poor adj. 贫穷的,贫困的;拙劣的
1.The doctor often helps poor people. 这位医生经常帮助穷人。 2.William was born in a poor family. 威廉出生于一个贫穷的家庭。 3.His handwriting is really poor. 他的书写真的是太差了。
spacecraft /'speiskra:ft/n. 航天器;宇宙飞船
spacecraft orbiting the earth 绕地球运行的航天器
in the future和in future 的区别
in the future的意思是“在将来,在未来”, 通常与一般将来时连用
Who knows what will happen in the future? 谁知道将来会发生什么事情? The little boy will grow into a thoughtful man in the future. 这个小男孩将来会成为一位有思想的人。
in future的意思是 “从今往后”
In future, make sure the door is never left unlocked. 从今往后,千万别忘记锁好。 Please be more careful in future. 今后请多加小心。
beautiful, pretty, handsome 与 good-looking 的区别
这四个单词都有“漂亮的”、“好看的”意思。 beautiful 和 pretty 常常用于形容女性, 但beautiful 的语义比较强; handsome 通常用来形容男性; 而 good-looking往往可以形容男性和女性。
agree e /ə'gri:/ v. 同意
1.agree on/about sth. 对 ……意见一致
They all agree on this case. 他们对此案件意见一致。
2.agree to do sth. 同意做……
Andrew has agreed to lend me his bicycle for the weekend. 安德鲁答应这个周末把自行车借给我。
3.agree to sth. 赞同;允许
She agreed to my idea. 她同意我的想法。
4.agree with sb. 赞同某人
I don't agree with you. 我不赞同你。
in front of 在 (某人/某物) 前面
1.The bus stops right in front of our house. 公共汽车恰好停在我们房前。 The car in front of me stopped suddenly and I had to brake 我前面那辆小汽车突然停住,我只好刹车
in front of 和 in the front of 的区别
(1) in front of意为“在 ……前面”,指在某场所外的前面,即不同的两种事物的比较。
There are some trees in front of the house. 房前有一些树。
(2) in the front of 意为“在 ……前面”,指在某范围内的前部,即一个整体和部分的比较 。
He sat in the front of the cinema. 他坐在电影院的前面。 A man is sitting in the front of the car. 一个人正坐在车子前面。
look for, discover, find out, search 的区别
1.Look for 表示寻找时,强调找的动作或过程
2.discover指有意或无意地发现已经存在但尚不为人知的事物,可以是物体等有形物或真理等无形物,后面接动词不定式。
We never discovered how to open the box. 我们从未弄清楚如何打开这个盒子。
3.find out是不可分短语,指经过询问、调查、观察、计算或研究等手段发现或找到,多用于复杂而不易直接查出的情况。
We must find out the truth of the matter. 我们必须弄清楚事情的真相。
4.search是指对某一处所、容器或人进行搜查或指寻找想找到的人或物,比look for 的语气更强,后面可接介词 for , 或构成短语 in search of“搜寻”。
They are searching of the missing child. 他们正在寻找失踪的孩子。 They are searching him for a gun. 他们正搜他的身,看他是否带着枪。
I spend one hour searching for information every day
spend 后应接 (in) doing 结构;又因search 作及物动词时后面跟名词或代词,如房屋、衣服等;作不及物动词时,常与for 连用,表示“搜寻,寻找”。此处 指花费极大的力气去搜寻某个特定的目标.
a lot 很多,非常
在句中可作主语、宾语或状语,也可以用来修饰比较级加强语气。
1.A lot has been done about it. 关于这个问题已采取了许多措施。 2.I have learned a lot from him. 我从他那儿学了许多东西。
come back 回来;返回
You came back very late last night. 昨晚你回来得很晚。 come back还意为“又成为流行的、时髦的”。
Miniskirts are starting to come back. 超短裙又开始流行了。
This is me in 15 years'time.
in ..years' time 在 …… 年之后, 这里“in”指的是“在 ……之后”, 而不是指“在 ……之内”, 后跟一段时间。
In twenty years'time, there will possibly be more and more traffc jams. 20年后,交通堵塞可能会越来越严重。
When will the second class begin? In two minutes. 在表示时间上,“for 十 段时间”表示持续多久; “at 十 时间点”表示在某个时刻; “in 十 时间段”表示多久以后,常用在将来时 中; “after十 时间段”表示多久之后,常用在过去时中。
I'll be taller and heavier.
(1) will be ….结构,表示某人或物将会是怎样的或将成为什么。
Jack will be a doctor in the future. 将来杰克将成为一名医生。 It will be cold tomorrow. 明天天气会很冷。
(2) be taller and heavier意为“更高更重”。 这里隐含着比较级,指和现在的状态做比较。
Sally will be taller and more beautiful. 萨莉会长得更高、变得更漂亮。
I agree. (表示对他人意见的赞同)
I don't agree.(表示对他人意见的不赞同)
Tom will possibly be a reporter. 汤姆也许会成为一名记者。 Yes,I agree. He is good at writing. 是的,我同意。他擅长写作。 No,I don't agree. 不,我不这样认为。
He will not wear glasses
wear 除了表示“穿”, 还可表示“戴”。 句中的 glasses意为“眼镜”, a pair of glasses意为“一副眼镜”
wear, put on 和dress 的区别
(1) wear 作动词,意为“穿;戴”, 表示穿或戴的状态。
The girl likes wearing a pair of brown shoes.这个女孩喜欢穿棕色的鞋子。
(2) put on 意为“穿上”, 表示穿的动作, 即原来没有穿着后来穿上了。
It's raining outside. Put on your raincoat. 外面在下雨,穿上你的雨衣。
(3) dress 作动词,意为“(给……)穿衣”。 表示给某人穿衣的动作, 通常构成结构
dress sb. “给某人穿衣” dress oneself “自己穿衣” get dressed “穿着 …… ” be dressed in“穿着…… ” dress up“打扮”
1.Can you dress the baby for me? 你能替我给婴儿穿衣服吗? 2.Please get up and put on your clothes.
get dressed 表示“帮某人穿衣服(强调状态)”; put on表示“穿衣服”,强调动作; wear 强调状态; dress表示“给某人穿衣服”。
First, Next, Then, After that, Finally
6步: First, Second, Next, Then, After that, Fianlly
固定用法
1.want to do sth.想要做某事 2.be good at +n./ v.-ing擅长 3.be poor at +n./ v.-ing不擅长 4.love doing sth. 喜欢做某事 5.would like to do sth.想要做某事
错题1
字词
Nineteeth
Nobody knows how __ Flight ___ MH370 went missing. (fly)
7.Our English teacher is Miss Guo. __ Theirs ___ is Mr Hu. (they) 8.Our English teacher is Miss Guo. __ His ___ is Mr Hu. (he)
14.Can you tell me what the Double __ Ninth ___ Festival is about? (nine)
18.The baby can count to the ___ ninetieth ____ number.(ninety)
4. They brought Aunt Judy and Uncle Mike something Chinese. (保持原句意思) They __ brought _ something Chinese __ to __Aunt Judy and Uncle Mike.
8.Which of the following is true for the underlined part of “suitcase”? A./uː/ B. /juː/ C. /ju/ D. /u/
1.My __favorite___ interest is playing badminton. (favor) 2.Ben _invited____ his friends to his birthday party last Saturday. (invitation) 5.The __eighteenth___ Asian Games took place in Jakarta, Indonesia. (eighteen)
Celebrity 英 /səˈlebrəti/
n. 名声,名望;名人,明星
a famous person 名人;名流 • TV celebrities 电视名人
He was voted the worst dressed celebrity. 大家一致认为他是衣着最差的名人
He was more than a basketball superstar, he was a celebrity. 他不仅仅是一个篮球超级明星,还是一位名人。
celebrated 英 /ˈselɪbreɪtɪd/
adj. 著名的,驰名的
famous for having good qualities 著名的;闻名的;驰名的 • a celebrated painter 著名的画家
less celebrated 没有那么出名的
Lose 英 /luːz/
v. 遗失,丢失;失去(某一特性、特点、态度或信念)
[ VN] to be unable to find sth/sb 遗失;丢失
•I've lost my keys. 我把钥匙丢了。 •The tickets seem to have got lost . 那些票好像给弄丢了。
It's hard to see how they can lose. 很难理解他们怎么会输。
第三人称单数 loses现在分词 losing 过去式 lost 过去分词 lost
Lost adj.
adj. 迷路的,迷失的;失去的,丢失的;不复存在的,不再拥有的;
• We always get lost in London. 我们在伦敦老是迷路。 • We're completely lost. 我们完全迷路了。
He lost control of his emotions. 他情绪失去了控制
the Battle of Waterloo
滑铁卢战役
短句
win a competition 赢得比赛
International Labour Day 五一劳动节
something interesting
用形容词或不定式修饰复合不定代词,要放在代词的后面
but 与 while
but与 while二者都有“而,然而”之意,但while强调二者的对比,而but强调前后的转折关系
1.转折语气上不同 but语气上是直接的,虽然...但是…;while语气上是婉转的,虽然...然而..
2.有时表达意思不同 while的意思是当...的时候,虽然;but的意思是但是。
3.While作并列连词用, 意思为而,然而,表对比;而but表转折。
The watch was cheap, but it goes quite well. 这块表虽然便宜, 但走得很好。 《简明英汉词典》
Some people like coffee, while others like tea. 一些人喜欢喝咖啡,而另一些人喜欢喝茶。 《现代英汉综合大辞典》
Some people waste food while others haven't enough. 有些人很费粮食,然而有些人却吃不饱.
3.While I was watching TV, the bell rang. 当我看电视时,铃响了。 4.Please excuse me, but there is something I must say. 不好意思,但有些话我必须说。 5.His performance is good,while still got some faults in studying. 虽然他是全面的发展的总体上来看,然而学习当中还是有一些不足之处。
Let sb.do sth.
释义:让某人做某事
语法: 1.let sb.do sth.是祈使句,用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子。 2.最常用于表达命令,因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。 3.let是使役动词,接宾语后,接动词原形(不带to的动词不定式)
扩展资料 Let sb do sth的近义词: make sb do sth、ask sb to do sth、tell sb to do sth
一、let和make的句型相同,都是:let/make somebody do something,只是意思有别。 前者带有“许可”之意,后者带有“使令”之意。或者说,前者有请求而被“允许”,后者无请求而被“强制”。 let的含义是: If you let someone do something, you give them your permission to do it. They let me enter the house. 意思是,我请求进入房子,他们允许了。 make的含义是: If you make someone do something, you force them to do it. They made me enter the house. 意思是,不管我愿意不愿意,他们使我进入房子。
二、ask sb to do sth 释义:要求某人做某事的意思。 语法:Ask sb, esp politely, in speech or writing to do sth.(以口头或书面形式)要求,(尤指)请求某人做某事 三、tell sb to do sth 释义:告诉某人去做某事。 语法:在这里,动词不定式作宾语补足语:动词+宾语+不定式(to do)。
例句:They let me enter the house. 他们允许我进入房子。
when __ does ____ your plane_ take _____off tomorrow?
这里之所以用一般现在时,是因为这是飞机,是表示事先安排好的将来情况,并且这种安排很固定,不容轻易改变,好像变成了事实一般。
We’re off on holiday tomorrow. 我们明天动身去度假
错题2
字词
Nineteeth
Nobody knows how __ Flight ___ MH370 went missing. (fly)
7.Our English teacher is Miss Guo. __ Theirs ___ is Mr Hu. (they) 8.Our English teacher is Miss Guo. __ His ___ is Mr Hu. (he)
14.Can you tell me what the Double __ Ninth ___ Festival is about? (nine)
18.The baby can count to the ___ ninetieth ____ number.(ninety)
4. They brought Aunt Judy and Uncle Mike something Chinese. (保持原句意思) They __ brought _ something Chinese __ to __Aunt Judy and Uncle Mike.
be good at; be good for; be good to; be good with
be good at“擅长......”,at后面接名词、动名词, 同义词组do well in。
1)I'm not good at the science subjects. 我不擅长理科。 2)You are good at telling stories.(人教版英语七下P2) 你很擅长讲故事。 3)She is also good at jumping.(仁爱版英语八上P5) 她也很擅长跳。 4)John is not good at singing,but he would like to have a try. 约翰不擅长唱歌,但他愿意试一试。
be good for “对......有好处”,后面接名词、代词。 反义词组be bad for。 be good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益 ,对什么有好处 “……有助于做某事”
1)Running is good for my legs,heart and lungs.(仁爱版英语八上P6) 跑步对我的腿、心脏和肺有好处。 2)Carrots are good for your eyes. 胡萝卜对你的眼睛有好处。 3)Having enough sleep is good for us. 睡眠充足对我们有好处。
This beach is good for swimming but bad for surfing. 这个海滨适于游泳而不适于冲浪。
Riding a bicycle is good for developing the leg muscles. 骑自行车有助于锻炼腿部肌肉。
The wool is very good __ for ___ making scarves and sweaters.
He is quite good for being a teacher
being a teacher
I used to think about being a teacher but when I really think about what I wanted for my life, it want anything but music. 以前想过做老师,但是当我认真去想在生命中想做的事的时候,除了音乐,再无其他。
At another school, a deputy head told me that being a teacher was like being a performer, but with six or seven different audiences a day. 在另一所学校里,一个副校长告诉我,当老师就像当演员,只不过一天里要为不同的人表演六七场。
be good to“对......好”,后接名词、代词, 同义词组是 be kind to/be friendly to。
1)My father always says that we should be good to others.(冀教版英语九年级P18) 我爸爸总是说我们应该对他人友好。 2)He was very good to me when I was ill. 我生病时他对我关怀备至。
be good with sth/sb“灵巧的;善于应付......; 对......有办法”, 后面接人时相当于 get on/along well with sb。
1)She is good with her hands. 她手很巧。 2)Are you good with old people?(人教版英语七下P5) 你善于和老年人相处吗? 3)We should be good with our neighbors. 我们应该与邻居和睦相处。
be going to 句型
be going to do sth. 将要做某事
plan to do sth =be going to do sth 计划去做某事
be going to与will的区别
be going to与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、 将要去做某事,但它们有如下几点区别:
1. be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情, will 表示的将来时间则较远一些,如: He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.
2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情, will 表示客观上将来势必发生的事情. He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.
3. be going to 含有“计划,准备”的意思, 而 will 则没有这个意思,如: She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour. 4.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如: If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you
这个句型不允许连续使用两个go, 即be going to go on holiday, 所以改为 be going on holiday 表示将来。
He is going on holiday tomorrow.
going on/for 相对going to区别是什么?
(1)on 跟某些动词连用,引出所进行的活动,特别在旅行方面。意为“处于...情况中,从事…中” 。
Lingling’s mother is going __ on __ a picnic in the park next week
子主题
Lingling’s mother is going __ for __ a picnic in the park next week
go on a trip go on a holiday go on a tour go on a vacation go on a journey go on a voyage go on an outing
(2)for 更强调“目的”,相比 on 而言,for 后面的活动,往往是暂时的体育锻炼性质。如:go for a walk,go for a swim,go for a drive, go for a ride, go for a row(划船),go for a stroll(散步) 等。
when __ does ____ your plane_ take _____off tomorrow?
这里之所以用一般现在时,是因为这是飞机,是表示事先安排好的将来情况,并且这种安排很固定,不容轻易改变,好像变成了事实一般。
We’re off on holiday tomorrow. 我们明天动身去度假
重要 知识点1
形容词、副词比较级词形的变化
(1) 一般的单音节词及部分双音节词在词尾加er,如 long→ longer。 (2) 以 e 结尾的词,加 r,如 nice→nicer。 (3)重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的词,双写最后一个字母再加er, 如 big→bigger。 (4) 词尾为辅音字母加y 的词,先变 y为 i,再加er,如 funny→funnier。 5) 一般多音节词的比较级要加 more, 如 beautiful→more beautiful。 (6) 有些变化是不规则的,如 good→better, many/much→more。
Air pollution has become more serious than ever stop it. 考查形容词比较级的用法。 由than, serious是多音节词,比较级在词前加 more I think science is much more important than Japanese. 由 than 可知本题用形容词比较级, 形容词important 是多音节词,比较级是more important, much放在 more 前面修饰比较级
英语中有许多模糊的数量词 修饰不同的名词
(1)既能修饰可数名词又能修饰不可数名词的有
some,any,a lot of,lots of, plenty of,etc.;
(2)只修饰可数名词的有
many,few,a few,a large number of, a great number of,etc
(3)只修饰不可数名词的有
much,little,a little,an amount of, huge amounts of,a great deal of,etc.。
Though we have been staving up trying to finish the task, there's still XXX work to do A. many B.a plenty of C. a large amount of D.a great number of 选 C。many 只能用来修饰可数名词复数。没有a plenty of 的用法
frequency 频率副词
1. “次数”的表达法:once 一 次 ;twice两 次 ;three times三次。 超过三次及以上的就用数字+times表示,比如说:four times 四次。
2.英语中表示次数的频率应该用: once a week,twice a week,three times a week。 a week 还可用 a month,a year,every week,every year来代替
3.对频率副词的提问用how often引导的特殊疑问句。 How often常与一般现在时或一般过去时连用。
How often do you go to the park? 你多长时间去一次公园? —Twice a month.一个月两次。
on 表示具体的某一天或 特殊的某一天的早上、下午、晚上等。
on Tuesday 在星期二 on April 8 在 4 月 8 日
on the night of May 25th 在5月25日的晚上 on a sunny morning 在一个晴朗的早晨
On the afternoon of March 8, the women in the city had a big party.
On Christmas Day
On a hot noon
(1)at 表示在时间点或较短的时期。
at 11:00 在11点钟 at haf past five在 5 点 半 at noon 在 中 午
at Christmas
(2)in 表示某年、某季、某月或泛指某天中的某段时间。
in 1998在1998年 in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上
in Spring Festival
more/less/fewer
1.more 是 much, many 的比较级,在名词前表示“更多的…… ”, more 既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。
There will be more people in the future. 将来会有更多的人。 Is there more air pollution in the city? 这个城市有更多的空气污染吗?
There will be more buildings (更多的建筑) in 50 years.
There will be more libraries ( 更 多 的 图 书 馆 ) in this city,
2.less是 little的比较级,表示“更少的……”,less与不可数名词连用。
There was less tea in this cup.这个杯子里的茶更少。
Students will have less homework (更少的家庭作业) to do.
There will be less pollution (更少的污染)here.
3.fewer是 few 的比较级,也表示“更少的…… ”,修饰可数名词。
I am new here,so I have fewer friends than you. 我刚来这儿,所以没有你的朋友多。
Kids will have fewer computers (更少的计算机) in their classrooms.
There will be fewer trees (更少的树)in the park.
less 为 little 的比较级,通常与不可数名词连用。
We have less snow this year than usual. 今年的雪比往年少。 Less noise please. 请不要大声吵闹。
less 的反义词为 more。
Usually Xiao Li spends less time doing homework than Xiao Chen does.
north-east A 在 B 的某方向的表达
(1)若 A、B 两个地方不相连,常用如下表达方式:
Tokyo is east of Beijing Tokyo is to the east of Beijing, 东京在北京的东方。
2)若 A、B 两个地方相毗邻,则表达方式如下
Jiangsu is on the north of Shanghai. 江苏在上海的北方。
(3)若 A、B 两个地方是从属关系,则表达方式如下:
Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部。
重要 知识点2
日常用语
涉及到日常生活中的方方面面。 我们一定要注意东西方文化的差异,不能根据中国人的生活习惯去做出错误的判断和选择。 这就要求我们在平时的学习中应加强对日常用语的记忆和理解, 并能灵活运用。
We'll study in different schools next term. Enjoy your time in the new school! A.I'll take your advice. B. The same to you. C. Congratulations! D. Me too.
“I'll take your advice.”意为“我将采纳你的建议。”, 常用 来表示对某人所提出的建议的肯定
“The same to you. ”意为“你也一样。”, 常用来表示同样 把美好的祝愿送给某人;
“Congratulations!”意为“祝贺你!”,常用来表示对某人的祝贺;
“Me too.”意为“我也是。”,常用来表示和某人一样。
Tim and I will visit the exhibition this weekend. Would you like to join us? A. Well done. B. That's right. C. You're welcome. D. I'd love to.
“Well done.”意为“做得好。”,常用来夸赞某人;
“That's right.”意为“没错;是的。”, 常用来表示对某人观点的认可和赞同;
“You're welcome. ”意为 “不用谢;别客气。”, 常用来回答别人的感谢;
“I'd love to.”意为“我很乐意;我非常愿意。”, 常用来回答别人的邀请或求助。
Remember to print on both sides of the paper. A. Me too. B. Well done. C. Sure,I will. D. That's all right
A 项意为“我也是。”, B项意为“做得好。”, C项意为“好的,我会的。”, D 项意为“没关系。”。
I was just in time to get there for the meeting. Thank you for lending me the bike. A. That's right. B. Of course not. C. You're welcome, D. The same to you.
C 项意为“不客气。”, A 项意为“没错。”, B 项意为“当然不。”, D 项意为“你也是。”。分析句意可知选 C。
动名词的使用
(1)英语中动词加上-ing 可以构成一个动名词。 动名词有名词的特性,可以作{为某些动词的宾语。如 like eating,eat 本身是动词,加上-ing 后就成了动名词,是like的宾语。
(2)动名词的构成一般是动词直接加上-ing,但要注意以下情况: ①以重读闭音节结尾的动词,要双写最后一个字母再加-ing, 如 swim→ swimming,shop→shopping。 ②末尾字母为不发音 e 的动词,要省略 e 再加-ing, 如 ride→riding。 ③末尾为ie 的动词,ie 要改为y 再加-ing, 如 lie→lying。
(3)有些动词后面只能用动名词作宾语, 如 enjoy;有的既可以用动名词作宾语 也可以用不定式作宾语,如like eating/to eat。
How questions
1.how long
(1)表示“多长时间”,询问时间的长短,主要用来对一段时间(如 three days,four weeks 等)提问。
How long does it take to get to London from here? 从这里到伦敦要多长时间? —At least ten hours.至少要10个小时。
(2)表示某东西有多长。
—How long is the river? 这条河有多长? —About 500 km.大约500千米。
2.how far 用于询间距离上的“多远”。
How far is it from your home to your school? 从你家到学校有多远? —About two kilometres.大约两千米。
3.how 用来提间方式或程度,也可以提问身体情况。
How do you go to school every day? 你每天怎样去上学? —On foot. 步行。 —How do they like China? 他们认为中国怎么样? —They like China very much.他们非常喜欢中国。 —How are you today? 你今天感觉怎么样? —I'm very well.我感觉很好。
训练
Miss Green goes to work by bus.(对划线部分提问) How does Miss Green go to work?
根据汉语意思完成英文句子。 他骑车去上学。
He rides a bike to school.或 He goes to school by bike.
How long does it take you to finish your homework every day? —About an hour.
hundred,thousand,million 三个数词的用法
(1)这三个数词在表达具体数字时没有复数形式。
three hundred 三 百 five thousand 五 千
( 2 ) 这 三 个 数 词 在 与of 连用表示成百成千时, 一定要用复数形式。
millions of 数百万的 hundreds of 数百的 thouands of 数千的
Many millions of / Several milion people in the world are sending and receiving e-mails every day.
million 是数词,意为“百万,百万个”。 固定搭配 millions of 表示“成百万的”, Several milion,或 millions of。
by plane 乘飞机
“by+ 交通工具”表示“乘…… (交通工具)” 注意在此结构中,交通工具前不加冠词a/an 或the。
用“by+ 交通工具名词”表示交通方式。此时交通工具的名词只能用单数, 不能用复数,也不能被冠词或物主代词等限定。 如:by bike,by bus,by car,by train,by ship, by plane。
by bus/train/ship/underground 乘公共汽车/火车/船/地铁
友 情 提 示 课文中的by plane 相当于by air, by ship相当于by sea。 表示步行可用 on foot。 询问“乘…… (交通工具)”, 用How 进行提问
How do you and Peter go to school every day? 你和彼得每天怎么去上学? —I go to school on foot and he goes there by underground. 我步行去上学,他坐地铁去。
用“by+ 交通工具”或用“in/on+ 冠词+交通工具”
Do you go there by bus? —No,we go there in a train.
用“in(on)+ 冠词/物主代词/名词所有格+交通工具名词”。 此时交通工具名词前必须有冠词、名词所有格形式或形容词性物主代词等限定词修饰,其用法与“by+ 交通工具名 词”相似。
He often goes to school on a(his) bike.他经常骑自行车去上学。 Don't come here on/in the ship.不要坐船来这里。 We go there in a car.我们乘小汽车去那里。
“take a(the)+交通工具名词”表示交通方式。 如:take a bus(乘公共汽车),take a train(乘火车),take a ship(乘轮船), take a plane(乘飞机); 但“骑自行车”要用 ride a bike 来表示。
Will you take a bus to go there? 你乘公共汽车去那儿吗?
表示“步行去某地”,可用下列两种句式:
(1)go to + 某 地 + on foot e.g. She goes to work on foot. 她步行去上班。
on foot 不可说成 on feet,on a/the/my foot,by foot等
(2)walk to + 某地
He walks to school every day. =He goes to school on foot every day. 他每天步行去上学。
知识点 区别1
wear, put on 和dress 的区别
(1) wear 作动词,意为“穿;戴”, 表示穿或戴的状态。
The girl likes wearing a pair of brown shoes.这个女孩喜欢穿棕色的鞋子。
(2) put on 意为“穿上”, 表示穿的动作, 即原来没有穿着后来穿上了。
It's raining outside. Put on your raincoat. 外面在下雨,穿上你的雨衣。
(3) dress 作动词,意为“(给……)穿衣”。 表示给某人穿衣的动作, 通常构成结构
dress sb. “给某人穿衣” dress oneself “自己穿衣” get dressed “穿着 …… ” be dressed in“穿着…… ” dress up“打扮”
1.Can you dress the baby for me? 你能替我给婴儿穿衣服吗? 2.Please get up and put on your clothes.
get dressed 表示“帮某人穿衣服(强调状态)”; put on表示“穿衣服”,强调动作; wear 强调状态; dress表示“给某人穿衣服”。
look for, discover, find out, search 的区别
1.Look for 表示寻找时,强调找的动作或过程
2.discover指有意或无意地发现已经存在但尚不为人知的事物,可以是物体等有形物或真理等无形物,后面接动词不定式。
We never discovered how to open the box. 我们从未弄清楚如何打开这个盒子。
3.find out是不可分短语,指经过询问、调查、观察、计算或研究等手段发现或找到,多用于复杂而不易直接查出的情况。
We must find out the truth of the matter. 我们必须弄清楚事情的真相。
4.search是指对某一处所、容器或人进行搜查或指寻找想找到的人或物,比look for 的语气更强,后面可接介词 for , 或构成短语 in search of“搜寻”。
They are searching of the missing child. 他们正在寻找失踪的孩子。 They are searching him for a gun. 他们正搜他的身,看他是否带着枪。
I spend one hour searching for information every day
spend 后应接 (in) doing 结构;又因search 作及物动词时后面跟名词或代词,如房屋、衣服等;作不及物动词时,常与for 连用,表示“搜寻,寻找”。此处 指花费极大的力气去搜寻某个特定的目标.
in front of 和 in the front of 的区别
(1) in front of意为“在 ……前面”,指在某场所外的前面,即不同的两种事物的比较。
There are some trees in front of the house. 房前有一些树。
(2) in the front of 意为“在 ……前面”,指在某范围内的前部,即一个整体和部分的比较 。
He sat in the front of the cinema. 他坐在电影院的前面。 A man is sitting in the front of the car. 一个人正坐在车子前面。
in the future和in future 的区别
in the future的意思是“在将来,在未来”, 通常与一般将来时连用
Who knows what will happen in the future? 谁知道将来会发生什么事情? The little boy will grow into a thoughtful man in the future. 这个小男孩将来会成为一位有思想的人。
in future的意思是 “从今往后”
In future, make sure the door is never left unlocked. 从今往后,千万别忘记锁好。 Please be more careful in future. 今后请多加小心。
forget to do sth. 与 forget doing sth.
前者表示“忘记去做某事(未做)”, 后者表示“忘记做过某事(已做)”
She forgot to post the letter. 她忘记寄这封信了。
I'll never forget meeting my school headmaster for the first time. 我永远忘不了和我校长初次见面的情景。
Don't get angry at small things that your roommate does. Try to forget the unhappy things between you and your roommate.No one—including you—is perfect. (2013 ·上海)
The door is still open.I forgot to close it.
beautiful, pretty, handsome 与 good-looking 的区别
这四个单词都有“漂亮的”、“好看的”意思。 beautiful 和 pretty 常常用于形容女性, 但beautiful 的语义比较强; handsome 通常用来形容男性; 而 good-looking往往可以形容男性和女性。
be born, give birth to 的区别
be born意为“出生”,但其主语通常只能是表示被生下的人或动物。
She was born in 1968. 她生于1968年。 She was born in a musical family. 她生在音乐之家。
2)give birth to 意为“生产,生下”。 其宾语通常是表示幼畜或婴儿的词,其主语只能是表示雌性的词。
She gave birth to five children. 她生了五个小孩。
die of 和 die from 的区别
die v.(过去式、过去分词died, 现在分词dying) 死
Fish will die without clean water.没有干净的水,鱼就会死去。 —That's right.We must keep our rivers clean.对,我们必须保持河流清洁。
1)若死因存在于人体之内或之上(主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因),一般用介词 of, 如:die of illness(heart trouble,cancer,a fever,etc) 死于疾病(心脏病、癌症、发烧等)。
(2)若死因不是存在人体之内或之上,而是由环境造成的(主要指事故等方面的外部原 因),一般用介词 from, 如:die from an earthquake(a traffic accident,a lightning strike, etc)死于地震(交通事故、雷击等)。
want 和 would like 的区别
want vt.“想;想要”, 相当于would like。 当主语是第一人称时,用 would like要多于want, 因 would like语气较委婉。want 和 would like用法一样, 其后可接名词作宾语,也可接不定式作宾语,也可接sb.再加不定式作复合宾语。
I want/would like a kilo of tea. 我要一千克茶叶
He wants/would like to go and see Mr Green.他想去看格林先生。
look for, discover, find out, search 的区别
1.Look for 表示寻找时,强调找的动作或过程
2.discover指有意或无意地发现已经存在但尚不为人知的事物,可以是物体等有形物或真理等无形物,后面接动词不定式。
We never discovered how to open the box. 我们从未弄清楚如何打开这个盒子。
3.find out是不可分短语,指经过询问、调查、观察、计算或研究等手段发现或找到,多用于复杂而不易直接查出的情况。
We must find out the truth of the matter. 我们必须弄清楚事情的真相。
4.search是指对某一处所、容器或人进行搜查或指寻找想找到的人或物,比look for 的语气更强,后面可接介词 for , 或构成短语 in search of“搜寻”。
They are searching of the missing child. 他们正在寻找失踪的孩子。 They are searching him for a gun. 他们正搜他的身,看他是否带着枪。
I spend one hour searching for information every day
spend 后应接 (in) doing 结构;又因search 作及物动词时后面跟名词或代词,如房屋、衣服等;作不及物动词时,常与for 连用,表示“搜寻,寻找”。此处 指花费极大的力气去搜寻某个特定的目标.
die of 和 die from 的区别
die v.(过去式、过去分词died, 现在分词dying) 死
Fish will die without clean water.没有干净的水,鱼就会死去。 —That's right.We must keep our rivers clean.对,我们必须保持河流清洁。
1)若死因存在于人体之内或之上(主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因),一般用介词 of, 如:die of illness(heart trouble,cancer,a fever,etc) 死于疾病(心脏病、癌症、发烧等)。
(2)若死因不是存在人体之内或之上,而是由环境造成的(主要指事故等方面的外部原 因),一般用介词 from, 如:die from an earthquake(a traffic accident,a lightning strike, etc)死于地震(交通事故、雷击等)。
forget to do sth. 与 forget doing sth.
前者表示“忘记去做某事(未做)”, 后者表示“忘记做过某事(已做)”
She forgot to post the letter. 她忘记寄这封信了。
I'll never forget meeting my school headmaster for the first time. 我永远忘不了和我校长初次见面的情景。
Don't get angry at small things that your roommate does. Try to forget the unhappy things between you and your roommate.No one—including you—is perfect. (2013 ·上海)
The door is still open.I forgot to close it.
both,neither 和 either
either, neither,both 均表示“两者”, either表示“两者中任何一个”;neither表示“两 中都不”;both 表示“两者都”。
都可以作形容词。 either后接单数名词;neither后也接单数名词;both 则常与复名词连用 。
There are trees on both sides of the road.公路两边都有树。
Can I come on Saturday or Sunday? 我是星期六还是星期天来? — Either day is OK.随便哪一天都行
Neither answer is right. 两个答案都不对。
都可作代词,都可与 of 连用。 either of/neither of 后接复数名词或代词, 作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 both of后接复数名词或代词,谓语动词用复数形式。
Either of the answers is right. 两个答案中有一个是对的。 Neither of the answers is right. 两个答案都不对。 Both of the answers are right.两个答案都对。
Neither of them speaks English.You must speak Chinese.
知识点 区别2
more/less/fewer
1.more 是 much, many 的比较级,在名词前表示“更多的…… ”, more 既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。
There will be more people in the future. 将来会有更多的人。 Is there more air pollution in the city? 这个城市有更多的空气污染吗?
There will be more buildings (更多的建筑) in 50 years.
There will be more libraries ( 更 多 的 图 书 馆 ) in this city,
2.less是 little的比较级,表示“更少的……”,less与不可数名词连用。
There was less tea in this cup.这个杯子里的茶更少。
Students will have less homework (更少的家庭作业) to do.
There will be less pollution (更少的污染)here.
3.fewer是 few 的比较级,也表示“更少的…… ”,修饰可数名词。
I am new here,so I have fewer friends than you. 我刚来这儿,所以没有你的朋友多。
Kids will have fewer computers (更少的计算机) in their classrooms.
There will be fewer trees (更少的树)in the park.
remember doing sth. 和 remember to do sth.的区别
remember to do sth.表示“记得去做某事(还没做)”; remember doing sth.表示“记得做过某事(做了)”。
remember doing sth. 和 remember to do sth.的区别
remember to do sth.表示“记得去做某事(还没做)”; remember doing sth.表示“记得做过某事(做了)”。
take,bring 和 fetch 的区别
(1)take 意为“把(物)拿去;带走;把(人)带去”。 表示将人或物“拿开;带离”自己(说话者) 所在位置。
Take these plates away to the kitchen.把这些盘子拿到厨房去。
Please away this cup of tea. And me some coffee. A.take; bring B.take; take C. bring;take D.bring;bring 解析:选 A 。take away意为“带走”, bring 意为“带来”。
(2)bring表示将人或物“带到(拿到)”自己(说话者)所在位置。
Don't forget to bring your dictionary with you tomorrow. 你(你们)明天不要忘带字典。
(3)fetch 表示“去拿(某物)来”。
Will you fetch some water? 你能去拿点水来吗?
like,love 和 enjoy 有同样的用法: like/love/enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
Kitty likes/enioys/loves eating tomato noodles. 基蒂喜欢吃西红柿面。 My grandfather likes/enjoys/loves doing exercise in the morning. 我爷爷喜欢做晨练。
be famous for 和 be famous as 的区别
(1)be famous for指因为某人的某种知识、技能或特征而出名(原因), 也可以指以某种特产出名 (for 后的宾语是主语的所属)。 be famous for 意为“因……而出名”。
Tai'an is famous for Mount Tai. 泰安因泰山而闻名。
We all know that China is famous for the Great Wall.
(2)be famous as指某人以某种身份而出名(结果), 或以产地或地名而出名(as 后的宾 语是主语的同位语)。
Cheng Long is famous as an actor.成龙作为演员而著名。 Hangzhou is famous as a green tea producing place. 杭州作为绿茶的产地而闻名。
must 和 have to的区别
Must 与 have to都意为“必须;应该;不得不”
(1)must 表示说话人的主观看法,即主观上的必要性,没有时态、 人称变化。
You must work hard at your lessons. 你们应该努力学习功课。 I must go home. 我必须回家。
I cannot find my watch. I must have lost it. 我找不到手表,我一定把它给丢了。
(2)have to一般表示客观方面的需要,有时态和人称的变化。
I have to go there. 我得去那儿。 We had to stay at home yesterday. 昨天我们不得不待在家里。
(3)must 的否定式为 mustn't, 表示“不应该;禁止;不允许”
You mustn't play football on the road. 不要在马路上踢足球。
(4)have to 的否定式为 do not have to, 英国英语中常用need not来代替don't have to
You do not have to come every day. =You needn't come every day. 你不必每天来。
arrive, get和 reach 的区别
三者都可作“到达”解。
(1)arrive是不及物动词,后接名词或代词时要加介词in 或at。 arrive in后接大地点; arrive at后接小地点。
When will Jim arrive in Shanghai? 吉姆将在什么时候到达上海? We arrived at the station in hot haste. 我们急急忙忙赶到车站。
Be In Hot Haste 急如星火
be in hot water 陷入困境
in deadly haste 火急地
Haste 英 /heɪst/
n. 仓促,急忙
in haste 急急忙忙地,草率的, 匆忙急忙的
The letter had clearly been written in haste. 这封信明显是在匆忙中写的。
In my haste I forgot to lock the door. 我匆忙中忘了锁门。
make haste 赶紧
She made haste to open the door. 她急忙打开门。
haste makes waste 欲速则不达
v. <古>赶紧,匆忙;<古>催促
When he arrived at the station, the train had left.
(2)get为不及物动词,后接名词或代词时要加介词to。
When do you usually get to school? 你通常什么时候到达学校? We got to London at 7 o'clock. 我们7点到达伦敦。
(3)reach 是及物动词,后面可直接跟表示地点的名词或代词。
We are going to reach Beijing tomorrow morning. 我们将在明天早晨到达北京。 Please phone me when you reach school. 到学校后请给我打电话。
but 与 while
but与 while二者都有“而,然而”之意,但while强调二者的对比,而but强调前后的转折关系
1.转折语气上不同 but语气上是直接的,虽然...但是…;while语气上是婉转的,虽然...然而..
2.有时表达意思不同 while的意思是当...的时候,虽然;but的意思是但是。
3.While作并列连词用, 意思为而,然而,表对比;而but表转折。
The watch was cheap, but it goes quite well. 这块表虽然便宜, 但走得很好。 《简明英汉词典》
Some people like coffee, while others like tea. 一些人喜欢喝咖啡,而另一些人喜欢喝茶。 《现代英汉综合大辞典》
Some people waste food while others haven't enough. 有些人很费粮食,然而有些人却吃不饱.
3.While I was watching TV, the bell rang. 当我看电视时,铃响了。 4.Please excuse me, but there is something I must say. 不好意思,但有些话我必须说。 5.His performance is good,while still got some faults in studying. 虽然他是全面的发展的总体上来看,然而学习当中还是有一些不足之处。
be good at; be good for; be good to; be good with
be good at“擅长......”,at后面接名词、动名词, 同义词组do well in。
1)I'm not good at the science subjects. 我不擅长理科。 2)You are good at telling stories.(人教版英语七下P2) 你很擅长讲故事。 3)She is also good at jumping.(仁爱版英语八上P5) 她也很擅长跳。 4)John is not good at singing,but he would like to have a try. 约翰不擅长唱歌,但他愿意试一试。
be good for “对......有好处”,后面接名词、代词。 反义词组be bad for。 be good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益 ,对什么有好处 “……有助于做某事”
1)Running is good for my legs,heart and lungs.(仁爱版英语八上P6) 跑步对我的腿、心脏和肺有好处。 2)Carrots are good for your eyes. 胡萝卜对你的眼睛有好处。 3)Having enough sleep is good for us. 睡眠充足对我们有好处。
This beach is good for swimming but bad for surfing. 这个海滨适于游泳而不适于冲浪。
Riding a bicycle is good for developing the leg muscles. 骑自行车有助于锻炼腿部肌肉。
The wool is very good __ for ___ making scarves and sweaters.
He is quite good for being a teacher
being a teacher
I used to think about being a teacher but when I really think about what I wanted for my life, it want anything but music. 以前想过做老师,但是当我认真去想在生命中想做的事的时候,除了音乐,再无其他。
At another school, a deputy head told me that being a teacher was like being a performer, but with six or seven different audiences a day. 在另一所学校里,一个副校长告诉我,当老师就像当演员,只不过一天里要为不同的人表演六七场。
be good to“对......好”,后接名词、代词, 同义词组是 be kind to/be friendly to。
1)My father always says that we should be good to others.(冀教版英语九年级P18) 我爸爸总是说我们应该对他人友好。 2)He was very good to me when I was ill. 我生病时他对我关怀备至。
be good with sth/sb“灵巧的;善于应付......; 对......有办法”, 后面接人时相当于 get on/along well with sb。
1)She is good with her hands. 她手很巧。 2)Are you good with old people?(人教版英语七下P5) 你善于和老年人相处吗? 3)We should be good with our neighbors. 我们应该与邻居和睦相处。
固定用法1
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
enjoy(喜欢,享受)后面往往跟名词、代词以及动词的-ing形式。
Some people enjoy tea, while others enjoy coffee. 一些人喜欢喝茶,而另一些人喜欢喝咖啡。 Tom and Jerry enjoy living in the countryside.汤姆和杰瑞喜欢住在乡村。
The retired couple enjoy taking photos.They always go out with their cameras. (2013 · 上海)
like,love 和 enjoy 有同样的用法: like/love/enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
Kitty likes/enioys/loves eating tomato noodles. 基蒂喜欢吃西红柿面。 My grandfather likes/enjoys/loves doing exercise in the morning. 我爷爷喜欢做晨练。
mind doing sth.意为“介意做某事”
I wouldn't mind having a roommate. We can help each other and save money as well. (2014 ·上海)
decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”
1.Harry has decided to open an online shop after graduating from school. (2014 ·上海)
plan to do … 计划做……
Tom is planning to visit Rome this Spring Festival. 汤姆正计划今年春节到罗马旅行。
Send sth to sb, Send sb sth.
固定用法2
be going to 句型
be going to do sth. 将要做某事
plan to do sth =be going to do sth 计划去做某事
be going to与will的区别
be going to与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、 将要去做某事,但它们有如下几点区别:
1. be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情, will 表示的将来时间则较远一些,如: He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.
2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情, will 表示客观上将来势必发生的事情. He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.
3. be going to 含有“计划,准备”的意思, 而 will 则没有这个意思,如: She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour. 4.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如: If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you
这个句型不允许连续使用两个go, 即be going to go on holiday, 所以改为 be going on holiday 表示将来。
He is going on holiday tomorrow.
going on/for 相对going to区别是什么?
(1)on 跟某些动词连用,引出所进行的活动,特别在旅行方面。意为“处于...情况中,从事…中” 。
Lingling’s mother is going __ on __ a picnic in the park next week
子主题
Lingling’s mother is going __ for __ a picnic in the park next week
go on a trip go on a holiday go on a tour go on a vacation go on a journey go on a voyage go on an outing
(2)for 更强调“目的”,相比 on 而言,for 后面的活动,往往是暂时的体育锻炼性质。如:go for a walk,go for a swim,go for a drive, go for a ride, go for a row(划船),go for a stroll(散步) 等。
in danger 在危险中
Some wild animals are in danger. 有些野生动物处境危险。 It's dangerous to go out when there is a typhoon. 台风来临时外出很危险。
agree e /ə'gri:/ v. 同意
1.agree on/about sth. 对 ……意见一致
They all agree on this case. 他们对此案件意见一致。
2.agree to do sth. 同意做……
Andrew has agreed to lend me his bicycle for the weekend. 安德鲁答应这个周末把自行车借给我。
3.agree to sth. 赞同;允许
She agreed to my idea. 她同意我的想法。
4.agree with sb. 赞同某人
I don't agree with you. 我不赞同你。
to remember him ... 不定式表目的,意为“为了……”。
Tom gets up early to catch the early bus. 汤姆起得早是为了赶上早班公共汽车。
Today,people eat rice dumplings and have dragon boat races to remember him on that day every year.
Where did he go? He went to another store to buy pencils
like/love/enjoy doing .. 喜欢做……
Many children like/love/enjoy flying kites on a fine day. 许多孩子喜欢在晴天放风筝。
practise doing sth. 表示 “练习做…… ”“训练…… ”的意思。
he practises playing the violin every morning. 她每天早上都练习拉小提琴。
It's because you don't have enough exercise, I'm afraid.
help do the housework 帮忙做家务
help(to)do sth. 表示“帮忙做…… ”, 有时可以改写为 help sb.with sth.。
Sally often helps her mum do the housework. =Sally often helps her mum with the housework.萨莉经常帮妈妈做家务。
Can you help me to learn English? (同义句转换) Can you help me with English
现在完成时
现在完成时的基本用法
1) 强调过去行为对现在的影响,表示说话之前已经完成的动作,而且这个动作的结果 对现在仍有影响,常与already,yet,now, just, by this time 等时间状语连用
We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。
I've just had some photos taken. 我刚照了几张相。
2)表示过去的某一动作或状态一直持续到现在,而且还有可能持续下去,常与表示一 段时间的状语连用,如today, this morning, since then 等
Where have you been this morning? 今天上午你去哪了?
(3)表示过去的一种经历,这种经历不可能被埋没或否定, 常与never,ever,only,twice,since,before 等时间状语连用。
4)在时间、条件状语从句中代替将来完成时。
Don't get off until the bus has stopped. 直到车停稳了再下。
友情提示 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别:
两者所表示的动作都发生在过去,但是现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系,对现在产生的影响和结果等,所以不能与表示过去的时间状语连用; 一般过去时只表示过去的事实,不表示与现在的关系,可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。
Have you been to Beijing? 你去过北京吗?
—Yes,I have. 是的,我去过。 —When did you go there? 你什么时候去过那儿? —I went there last Friday.我上周五去的。
before 表示“从过去某时起若干时间以前”, 常与完成时连用。 而before 既可作副词又可作介词和连词。
When he got to the station, the train had left a few minutes before. 当他赶到火车站时,火车已经在几分钟前开走了。 I have finished the work two days before,两天前我已经完成了工作。 Before I get home, my mother has made a big dinner for me. 在我到家之前,妈妈就已经为我做好了一顿丰盛的晚餐
have you seen the movie before?
I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句) I haven't been to Macau before.
have/has been to, have/has gone to 和 have/has been in/at 的区别
(1)“have/has gone to+地点”表示某人去了某地, 现在没有回来, 在途中或已经到了目的地。
He has gone to Shanghai. 他去了上海。 He has gone to Dalian. 他去了大连。
(2)“have/has been to+地点”表示某人去过某地,此时人已回到说话处, 常与twice(两次) ,several times(几次),ever (曾经)或never (从未)等词组或 副词搭配。
The old American man has been to China three times. 这位美国老人到过中国三次。 Where have you been? 你去过哪儿?
1.Miss Green isn't in the office. She XXX to the library. A. has gone B. went C. will go D. has been 解析:选 A。have/has gone to +地点表示“某人去了某地(还未回来)”, 指主语所指的人不在这儿。本题中格林小姐不在办公室,说明她去了图书馆而且没有回来
(3)“have/has been at/in+地点”表示在某地待了多久, 后面需用表示一段时间的状语。
He has been at the village for ten years. 他在村子里住了10年了。 How long have you been in Paris? 你在巴黎住了多久?
2.My parents XXX Shandong for ten years. A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been 解析:选 A 。(have been in表示“在某地待了多少时间”,常与时间段状语连用。此题也, 正好出现了时间状语for ten years.故答案为A 项。
如果 have/has been 后接的是地点副词 here、there 时, 不用介词at或 in。
We have been here for about two hours. 我们在这里约两个小时了。
already yet ever never
1) already 通常用于肯定句中,表示“已经”
I have already seen the film. 我已经看过这部电影了
already一般不用于否定句中,但可用于疑问句中,表示期望得到对方明确的答复或表示一种惊讶,不过此时already 常置于句末
Have you read the book already? 你已经看过这本书了吗? (表示一种惊讶)
(2)yet 是副词,意为“已经”,用于否定句和疑问句中, 在句中通常是位于句末。
I haven't finished my homework yet. 我还没有完成我的家庭作业。
yet 与 not连 用 ,(not yet) 可用于作简略回答,意为“还没有”
Have you ever read the book Red Star Over China? 你曾读过《西行漫记》这本书吗? No, not yet /不,还没有
ever 用于现在完成时
ever 用于现在完成时,表示到现在为止的任何时候, 意为“曾经”,多用于疑问句或表示最高级的从句中
He is the best teacher that I have ever seen. 他是我迄今为止见过的最好的老师。
never
在否定句中,常用 never (意为“从来不 …… ;从来没有 …… ”)代替not ever
I have never visited Hangzhou (before). 我从未游览过杭州。
for since
for
for后面常接一个指时间长度的词或词组,表示一段时间。
Aunt Judy and Uncle Mike have lived in Los Angeles for six years.
since
since后面也可以接表示过去时间点的词或词组,也可以引导一个过去时间的从句, 表达的是自从过去某一时间直到现在的一段时间。
这时since表示时间段与for后面接一段时间所起的作用是一样的,二者经过变化以后,常可以互换使用
The Greens have lived in China for two years. =The Greens have lived in China since two years ago. 格林一家在中国住了两年了。
We've known each other since ten years ago. =We've known each other for ten years. 自从十年前,我们就认识了。
现在完成时态应该注意的问题
点动词
点动词就是瞬间动词,指含有终止或短暂意义的动词,它们通常不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达同一含义,可以把点动词改为同义的延续性动词
borrow—keep, buy—have, die—be dead, finish/end- be over, start/begin—be on, come/go back-be back, go/leave—be away, get to know—know , become—be , join—be a member of/be in., come/arrive—be here/in, put on—wear, go to sleep—be asleep, catch a cold—have a cold, marry—be married
( 误 )I have bought the book for 2 weeks. ( 正 )I have had the book for 2 weeks. ( 误 )The dog has died for 5 days. ( 正 )The dog has been dead for 5 days.
The boy misses his parents very much. So he does. They have been away from the hometown for nearly two years.
情态动词
情态动词有 can(could),may(might),must, have to,shall(should),will(would) dare(dared), need(needed), ought to等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化; 不能单独使用,必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。
can 和 could
1. 表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。
Can you lift this heavy box? (体力) Mary can speak three languages. (知识) Can you skate? (技能)
此时可用be able to代替。 can 只有一般现在时和一般过去式; 而 be able to则有更多的时态。
I'll not be able to come this afternoon.
当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to,不能用can。
He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.
in spite of
尽管;不管,不顾
In spite of his age, he still leads an active life. 尽管年事已高,他依旧过着一种忙碌的生活。
in spite of oneself 不知不觉地,不由自主地,身不由己
2.表示请求和允许
Can I go now? —Yes,you can./ No,you can't. 此时可与may 互换。 在疑问句中还可用could,might 代替,不是过去式,只是语气更委 婉,不能用于肯定句和答语中。
Could I come to see you tomorrow? Yes,you can. ( No, I'm afraid not.)
3.表示客观可能性 (客观原因形成的能力)。
They've changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead. This hall can hold 500 people at least.
4.表示推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度), 用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。
Can this be true? This can't be done by him. How can this be true?
may 和might
1.表示请求和允许
might 比 may 语气更委婉,而不是过去式。 否定回答时可用can't 或mustn't,表示“不可以,禁止”。
—Might/May I smoke in this room? —No,you mustn't. —May/Might I take this book out of the room? —Yes,you can.(No,you can't/mustn't.)
用May I …? 征询对方许可时比较正式和客气, 而用 Can I …? 在口语中更常见。
2.用于祈使句,表示祝愿。
e.g. May you succeed!
3.表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句)。
might 不是过去式,它所表示的可能性比may 小。 e.g. He may/might be very busy now. Your mother may/might not know the truth.
must 和 have to
must 和 have to的区别 (Unit 2)
Must 与 have to都意为“必须;应该;不得不”
(1)must 表示说话人的主观看法,即主观上的必要性,没有时态、 人称变化。
You must work hard at your lessons. 你们应该努力学习功课。 I must go home. 我必须回家。
I cannot find my watch. I must have lost it. 我找不到手表,我一定把它给丢了。
(2)have to一般表示客观方面的需要,有时态和人称的变化。
I have to go there. 我得去那儿。 We had to stay at home yesterday. 昨天我们不得不待在家里。
(3)must 的否定式为 mustn't, 表示“不应该;禁止;不允许”
You mustn't play football on the road. 不要在马路上踢足球。
(4)have to 的否定式为 do not have to, 英国英语中常用need not来代替don't have to
You do not have to come every day. =You needn't come every day. 你不必每天来。
1. 表示必须、必要。
You must come in time. 在回答引出的问句时,如果是否定的,不能用mustn't(禁止,不准),而用 needn't,don't have to(不必)。
—Must we hand in our exercise books today? —Yes,you must./No,you don't have to/you needn't.
2. must 是说话人的主观看法, 而 have to 则强调客观需要。 must 只有一般现在时, have to 有更多的时态形式。
His play isn't interesting. I really must go now. I had to work when I was your age.
3.表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)。
You're Tom's good friend, so you must know what he likes best.
Your mother must be waiting for you now
dare,need
1.dare作情态动词用时,常用于疑问句、否定句和条件丛句中, 过去式形式为 dared.
dare
v.激,激将;敢于,胆敢 n. 挑战,激将
You told him? How did you dare? 你告诉他了?你竟敢?
She learned to fly on a dare. 她在激将下学会了驾驶飞机。
How dare you talk back to me! 你竟敢和我顶嘴!
第三人称单数 dares或dare 现在分词 daring 过去式 dared 过去分词 dared
How dare you say I'm unfair? He daren't speak English before such a crowd, dare he? If we dared not go there that day, we couldn't get the beautiful flowers.
crowd
英 /kraʊd
n. 人群;一伙人;百姓,凡夫俗子; (尤指体育运动赛事的)观众,听众
And such a crowd come here! 而且还有那么一大群人来到这里
And such a crowd too! 而且还有那么一大群人。
2.need 作情态动词用时,常用于疑问句和否定句。 在肯定句中一般用must,have to, ought to, should 代替
—Need I finish the work today ? —Yes,you must./No,you needn't.
3.dare 和 need 作实义动词用时,有人称、时态和数的变化。 在肯定句中,dare 后面 接带 to 的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中,dare后面可接带 to或不带 to 的不定式。 而need后面只能接带 to 的不定式。
I dare to swim across this river.
He doesn't dare(to) answer.
He needs to finish his homework today.
shall 和 should
1.shall 用于第一人称,征求对方的意见。
What shall we do this evening?
2. shall用于第二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令警告, 允诺或威胁
You shall fail if you don't work hard. (警告) He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺)
He shall be punished. (威胁)
will 和 would
1.表示请求、建议等,would 更委婉。
Will/Would you pass me the ball, please?
2.表示意志、愿望和决心。
I will never do that again. They asked him if he would go abroad.
3.would 表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。 would 表示过去习惯时比 used to 正式, 且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。
During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.
every other day 每隔一天
The wound would not heal
4.表示估计和猜想。
It would be about ten o'clock when she left home.
should 和 ought to
1. should,ought to 表示“应该”,ought to表示义务或责任, 比 should语气重。
I should help her because she is in trouble.
You ought to take care of the baby.
2. 表示劝告、建议和命令。 should,ought to 可通用,但在疑问句中常用should。
You should/ought to go to class right away. Should I open the window?
3.表示推测
should,ought to (客观推测), must(主观推测)。
He must be home by now. (断定他已到家) He ought to/should be home by now.(不太肯定) This is where the oil must be.(直爽) This is where the oil ought to/should be.(含蓄)
rather /ra:ðə (r)/ adv.宁愿,宁可;更确切地;有点,相当
I'd rather go to the movies. 我宁愿去看电影。
He's my friend, or rather he was my friend. 他是我的朋友,不过更确切的说,他曾经是我的朋友
情态动词+不定式完成式(have done)
1.can/could + have done 在肯定句中表示 “本来可以做而实际上未能做某事”,是虚拟语气; 在疑问句或否定句中表示对过去行为的怀疑或不肯定,表示推测。
You could have done better, but you didn't try your best. (虚拟语气) He can't have been to that town.(推测) Can he have got the book? (推测)
2.may/might +不定式完成式 (have done) 表示对过去行为的推测。不能用于疑问句中,没有虚拟语气的用法。might 所表示的可能性比 may 小。
He may not have finished the work. If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived earlier.
3. must +不定式完成式(have done) 用于肯定句中,表示对过去行为的推测。 意为“一定、想必”。 其疑问、否定形式用can,can't代替。 参看1) can/could + have done表示推测。
You must have seen the film Titanic He must have been to Shanghai
4.should +不定式完成式(have done) 用于肯定句中,表示对过去行为的推测。
He should have finished the work by now
表示“本应该做而实际上没有做某事”, 其否定式表示某种行为本不该发生却发生了。可以与 ought to + 不定式完成式(have done)互换。
You ought to/should have helped him. (but you didn't) She shouldn't have taken away my measuring tape
5.needn't +不定式完成式(have done) 表示“本来不必做而实际上做了某事”。
You needn't have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.
6.will+ 不定式完成式(have done) 主要用于第二、三人称,表示对已完成的动作或事态的推测。
He will have arrived by now.
6下重点 U1
单词
Asia /'eiʃə/n.亚洲
Where's China on the map? 在这张地图上,中国在哪? —It's in Asia.中国在亚洲。
Asian adj. 亚洲的,亚洲人
China is an Asian (Asia) country with a long history.
east (E)/ist/adv. 在东方
Tokyo is east of Beijing.东京在北京的东方。
E 为 east 的缩写。 又如south(S) 在南方,west(W) 在西方,north(N) 在 北 方 , north-east (NE) 在东北方。
注意中英文在表达方位时的差异: 汉语说“东北”,但英语说 north-east。 又 如 north- west(NW) 在西北方,south-east(SE) 在东南方,south-west(SW) 在西南方。用英语表达方 位时,我们可以这样记忆:“南北在前,短横在中,东西在后”。
exhibition /ekstbiʃn/ n.展览会
They are coming to the exhibition as my guests. 他们将作为我的客人来参观展览会。
exhibit v. 展示或展出
exhibit flowers at a flower show 在花展上展出花卉 The young painter has exhibited his works in several galleries. 那位年轻画家的作品已在几家美术馆中展出。
capital/'kæpitl/n.首都
Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。 London,Paris and Rome are capital cities. 伦敦、巴黎、罗马都是首都城市。
capital n. 大写字母
Write your name in block capitals, please. 姓名请用大写。
information/ infəmeiʃn/n. 信息
information about education 教育信息
My father usually reads information about sports in the newspaper.
Can you tell me the information about our new English teacher,please? 你能告诉我关于我们新英语老师的信息吗?
information是不可数名词,没有复数形式,前面既不能用a 或 an 修饰, 又不能用 many, a few修饰;可以用some, much,a lot of修饰; 作主语时,谓语动词用单数连接。
There is a lot of information on the Internet.
palace/'pælə s/n.宫殿
The Palace Museum was home of the emperor.故宫博物院曾经是皇帝的住所。 —It's now a public museum.它现在是公共博物馆。
the Children's Palace 少年宫 the Summer Palace颐和园
tourist /tvərist/n. 游客;观光者
tourist是由tour(旅游;旅行)转化而来的,其复数形式为 tourists。
The tourists are planning a round-the-world tour. 这些游客正计划着一次环球旅行。 You may go to the Tourist Information Office to ask the way. 你可以到游客问询处去问路。
million /'miljən/num. 百万
The Sun is about ninety-three million miles away from us. 太阳距离我们大约有9300万英里远。
famous/feiməs/adj. 著名的
Who is the most famous monkey in China? 中国最著名的猴子是谁? —It's Monkey King Sun Wukong! 是猴王孙悟空呀!
词组
by plane 乘飞机
“by+ 交通工具”表示“乘…… (交通工具)” 注意在此结构中,交通工具前不加冠词a/an 或the。
用“by+ 交通工具名词”表示交通方式。此时交通工具的名词只能用单数, 不能用复数,也不能被冠词或物主代词等限定。 如:by bike,by bus,by car,by train,by ship, by plane。
by bus/train/ship/underground 乘公共汽车/火车/船/地铁
友 情 提 示 课文中的by plane 相当于by air, by ship相当于by sea。 表示步行可用 on foot。 询问“乘…… (交通工具)”, 用How 进行提问
How do you and Peter go to school every day? 你和彼得每天怎么去上学? —I go to school on foot and he goes there by underground. 我步行去上学,他坐地铁去。
用“by+ 交通工具”或用“in/on+ 冠词+交通工具”
Do you go there by bus? —No,we go there in a train.
用“in(on)+ 冠词/物主代词/名词所有格+交通工具名词”。 此时交通工具名词前必须有冠词、名词所有格形式或形容词性物主代词等限定词修饰,其用法与“by+ 交通工具名 词”相似。
He often goes to school on a(his) bike.他经常骑自行车去上学。 Don't come here on/in the ship.不要坐船来这里。 We go there in a car.我们乘小汽车去那里。
“take a(the)+交通工具名词”表示交通方式。 如:take a bus(乘公共汽车),take a train(乘火车),take a ship(乘轮船), take a plane(乘飞机); 但“骑自行车”要用 ride a bike 来表示。
Will you take a bus to go there? 你乘公共汽车去那儿吗?
表示“步行去某地”,可用下列两种句式:
(1)go to + 某 地 + on foot e.g. She goes to work on foot. 她步行去上班。
on foot 不可说成 on feet,on a/the/my foot,by foot等
(2)walk to + 某地
He walks to school every day. =He goes to school on foot every day. 他每天步行去上学。
two and a half days 两天半
two and a half days=two days and a half, 其中two and a half days 中 的half 为形容 词,意为“一半的”; two days and a half 中的half为名词,意为“一半”。 e.g.one and a half hours= one hour and a half一个半小时
more than 多于;超过
There are more than 20 students in our class.我们班有20多个人。 This skirt costs more than that one.这条裙子比那条贵。
hundred,thousand,million 三个数词的用法
(1)这三个数词在表达具体数字时没有复数形式。
three hundred 三 百 five thousand 五 千
( 2 ) 这 三 个 数 词 在 与of 连用表示成百成千时, 一定要用复数形式。
millions of 数百万的 hundreds of 数百的 thouands of 数千的
Many millions of / Several milion people in the world are sending and receiving e-mails every day.
million 是数词,意为“百万,百万个”。 固定搭配 millions of 表示“成百万的”, Several milion,或 millions of。
be famous for 和 be famous as 的区别
(1)be famous for指因为某人的某种知识、技能或特征而出名(原因), 也可以指以某种特产出名 (for 后的宾语是主语的所属)。 be famous for 意为“因……而出名”。
Tai'an is famous for Mount Tai. 泰安因泰山而闻名。
We all know that China is famous for the Great Wall.
(2)be famous as指某人以某种身份而出名(结果), 或以产地或地名而出名(as 后的宾 语是主语的同位语)。
Cheng Long is famous as an actor.成龙作为演员而著名。 Hangzhou is famous as a green tea producing place. 杭州作为绿茶的产地而闻名。
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
enjoy(喜欢,享受)后面往往跟名词、代词以及动词的-ing形式。
Some people enjoy tea, while others enjoy coffee. 一些人喜欢喝茶,而另一些人喜欢喝咖啡。 Tom and Jerry enjoy living in the countryside.汤姆和杰瑞喜欢住在乡村。
The retired couple enjoy taking photos.They always go out with their cameras. (2013 · 上海)
like,love 和 enjoy 有同样的用法: like/love/enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
Kitty likes/enioys/loves eating tomato noodles. 基蒂喜欢吃西红柿面。 My grandfather likes/enjoys/loves doing exercise in the morning. 我爷爷喜欢做晨练。
north-east A 在 B 的某方向的表达
(1)若 A、B 两个地方不相连,常用如下表达方式:
Tokyo is east of Beijing Tokyo is to the east of Beijing, 东京在北京的东方。
2)若 A、B 两个地方相毗邻,则表达方式如下
Jiangsu is on the north of Shanghai. 江苏在上海的北方。
(3)若 A、B 两个地方是从属关系,则表达方式如下:
Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部。
decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”
1.Harry has decided to open an online shop after graduating from school. (2014 ·上海)
mind doing sth.意为“介意做某事”
I wouldn't mind having a roommate. We can help each other and save money as well. (2014 ·上海)
How long does it take from …. to ….?
用于询问“从…… (一个地方)到…… (另一个地方)需多少时间?”
How long表示“多久,多长(时间)”,用于对一段时间的提问。 回答时用句型“It takes somebody … (time)to do … ”, 意为“某人做…… (事)需要花费…… (时间)”。这里的“某人”,若使用人称代词,需用其宾格。
How long does it take to travel from your home to school by bike? 从你家骑车到学校要多长时间? —It takes me about fifteen minutes.大约15分钟。
How questions
1.how long
(1)表示“多长时间”,询问时间的长短,主要用来对一段时间(如 three days,four weeks 等)提问。
How long does it take to get to London from here? 从这里到伦敦要多长时间? —At least ten hours.至少要10个小时。
(2)表示某东西有多长。
—How long is the river? 这条河有多长? —About 500 km.大约500千米。
2.how far 用于询间距离上的“多远”。
How far is it from your home to your school? 从你家到学校有多远? —About two kilometres.大约两千米。
3.how 用来提间方式或程度,也可以提问身体情况。
How do you go to school every day? 你每天怎样去上学? —On foot. 步行。 —How do they like China? 他们认为中国怎么样? —They like China very much.他们非常喜欢中国。 —How are you today? 你今天感觉怎么样? —I'm very well.我感觉很好。
训练
Miss Green goes to work by bus.(对划线部分提问) How does Miss Green go to work?
根据汉语意思完成英文句子。 他骑车去上学。
He rides a bike to school.或 He goes to school by bike.
How long does it take you to finish your homework every day? —About an hour.
固定用法 词组
1.by +交通工具乘 …… (交通工具) 2.from ..to ...从 ……到…… 3.enjoy doing sth,喜欢做某事 4.love doing sth.喜欢做某事 5.a lot of +可数名词复数许多
1.by plane乘飞机 3.by train 乘火车 5.how long多久 7.two and a half days两天半 9.the Great Wall长城
2.by ship 乘船 4.how far 多远 6.how many 多少 8.in the past 在过去 10.more than 多于,超过
6下重点 U2
take,bring 和 fetch 的区别
(1)take 意为“把(物)拿去;带走;把(人)带去”。 表示将人或物“拿开;带离”自己(说话者) 所在位置。
Take these plates away to the kitchen.把这些盘子拿到厨房去。
Please away this cup of tea. And me some coffee. A.take; bring B.take; take C. bring;take D.bring;bring 解析:选 A 。take away意为“带走”, bring 意为“带来”。
(2)bring表示将人或物“带到(拿到)”自己(说话者)所在位置。
Don't forget to bring your dictionary with you tomorrow. 你(你们)明天不要忘带字典。
(3)fetch 表示“去拿(某物)来”。
Will you fetch some water? 你能去拿点水来吗?
plan to do … 计划做……
Tom is planning to visit Rome this Spring Festival. 汤姆正计划今年春节到罗马旅行。
plenty of 许多,大量
后面可跟不可数名词,也可跟可数名词复数形式。 e.g. plenty of money 大量的金钱 plenty of books大量的书
arrive, get和 reach 的区别
三者都可作“到达”解。
(1)arrive是不及物动词,后接名词或代词时要加介词in 或at。 arrive in后接大地点; arrive at后接小地点。
When will Jim arrive in Shanghai? 吉姆将在什么时候到达上海? We arrived at the station in hot haste. 我们急急忙忙赶到车站。
Be In Hot Haste 急如星火
be in hot water 陷入困境
in deadly haste 火急地
Haste 英 /heɪst/
n. 仓促,急忙
in haste 急急忙忙地,草率的, 匆忙急忙的
The letter had clearly been written in haste. 这封信明显是在匆忙中写的。
In my haste I forgot to lock the door. 我匆忙中忘了锁门。
make haste 赶紧
She made haste to open the door. 她急忙打开门。
haste makes waste 欲速则不达
v. <古>赶紧,匆忙;<古>催促
When he arrived at the station, the train had left.
(2)get为不及物动词,后接名词或代词时要加介词to。
When do you usually get to school? 你通常什么时候到达学校? We got to London at 7 o'clock. 我们7点到达伦敦。
(3)reach 是及物动词,后面可直接跟表示地点的名词或代词。
We are going to reach Beijing tomorrow morning. 我们将在明天早晨到达北京。 Please phone me when you reach school. 到学校后请给我打电话。
be going to 句型
be going to do sth. 将要做某事
plan to do sth =be going to do sth 计划去做某事
be going to与will的区别
be going to与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、 将要去做某事,但它们有如下几点区别:
1. be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情, will 表示的将来时间则较远一些,如: He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.
2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情, will 表示客观上将来势必发生的事情. He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.
3. be going to 含有“计划,准备”的意思, 而 will 则没有这个意思,如: She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour. 4.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如: If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you
这个句型不允许连续使用两个go, 即be going to go on holiday, 所以改为 be going on holiday 表示将来。
He is going on holiday tomorrow.
going on/for 相对going to区别是什么?
(1)on 跟某些动词连用,引出所进行的活动,特别在旅行方面。意为“处于...情况中,从事…中” 。
Lingling’s mother is going __ on __ a picnic in the park next week
子主题
Lingling’s mother is going __ for __ a picnic in the park next week
go on a trip go on a holiday go on a tour go on a vacation go on a journey go on a voyage go on an outing
(2)for 更强调“目的”,相比 on 而言,for 后面的活动,往往是暂时的体育锻炼性质。如:go for a walk,go for a swim,go for a drive, go for a ride, go for a row(划船),go for a stroll(散步) 等。
but 与 while
but与 while二者都有“而,然而”之意,但while强调二者的对比,而but强调前后的转折关系
1.转折语气上不同 but语气上是直接的,虽然...但是…;while语气上是婉转的,虽然...然而..
2.有时表达意思不同 while的意思是当...的时候,虽然;but的意思是但是。
3.While作并列连词用, 意思为而,然而,表对比;而but表转折。
The watch was cheap, but it goes quite well. 这块表虽然便宜, 但走得很好。 《简明英汉词典》
Some people like coffee, while others like tea. 一些人喜欢喝咖啡,而另一些人喜欢喝茶。 《现代英汉综合大辞典》
Some people waste food while others haven't enough. 有些人很费粮食,然而有些人却吃不饱.
3.While I was watching TV, the bell rang. 当我看电视时,铃响了。 4.Please excuse me, but there is something I must say. 不好意思,但有些话我必须说。 5.His performance is good,while still got some faults in studying. 虽然他是全面的发展的总体上来看,然而学习当中还是有一些不足之处。
be good at; be good for; be good to; be good with
be good at“擅长......”,at后面接名词、动名词, 同义词组do well in。
1)I'm not good at the science subjects. 我不擅长理科。 2)You are good at telling stories.(人教版英语七下P2) 你很擅长讲故事。 3)She is also good at jumping.(仁爱版英语八上P5) 她也很擅长跳。 4)John is not good at singing,but he would like to have a try. 约翰不擅长唱歌,但他愿意试一试。
be good for “对......有好处”,后面接名词、代词。 反义词组be bad for。 be good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益 ,对什么有好处 “……有助于做某事”
1)Running is good for my legs,heart and lungs.(仁爱版英语八上P6) 跑步对我的腿、心脏和肺有好处。 2)Carrots are good for your eyes. 胡萝卜对你的眼睛有好处。 3)Having enough sleep is good for us. 睡眠充足对我们有好处。
This beach is good for swimming but bad for surfing. 这个海滨适于游泳而不适于冲浪。
Riding a bicycle is good for developing the leg muscles. 骑自行车有助于锻炼腿部肌肉。
The wool is very good __ for ___ making scarves and sweaters.
He is quite good for being a teacher
being a teacher
I used to think about being a teacher but when I really think about what I wanted for my life, it want anything but music. 以前想过做老师,但是当我认真去想在生命中想做的事的时候,除了音乐,再无其他。
At another school, a deputy head told me that being a teacher was like being a performer, but with six or seven different audiences a day. 在另一所学校里,一个副校长告诉我,当老师就像当演员,只不过一天里要为不同的人表演六七场。
be good to“对......好”,后接名词、代词, 同义词组是 be kind to/be friendly to。
1)My father always says that we should be good to others.(冀教版英语九年级P18) 我爸爸总是说我们应该对他人友好。 2)He was very good to me when I was ill. 我生病时他对我关怀备至。
be good with sth/sb“灵巧的;善于应付......; 对......有办法”, 后面接人时相当于 get on/along well with sb。
1)She is good with her hands. 她手很巧。 2)Are you good with old people?(人教版英语七下P5) 你善于和老年人相处吗? 3)We should be good with our neighbors. 我们应该与邻居和睦相处。
must 和 have to的区别
Must 与 have to都意为“必须;应该;不得不”
(1)must 表示说话人的主观看法,即主观上的必要性,没有时态、 人称变化。
You must work hard at your lessons. 你们应该努力学习功课。 I must go home. 我必须回家。
I cannot find my watch. I must have lost it. 我找不到手表,我一定把它给丢了。
(2)have to一般表示客观方面的需要,有时态和人称的变化。
I have to go there. 我得去那儿。 We had to stay at home yesterday. 昨天我们不得不待在家里。
(3)must 的否定式为 mustn't, 表示“不应该;禁止;不允许”
You mustn't play football on the road. 不要在马路上踢足球。
(4)have to 的否定式为 do not have to, 英国英语中常用need not来代替don't have to
You do not have to come every day. =You needn't come every day. 你不必每天来。
6下重点 U3
be born, give birth to 的区别
be born意为“出生”,但其主语通常只能是表示被生下的人或动物。
She was born in 1968. 她生于1968年。 She was born in a musical family. 她生在音乐之家。
2)give birth to 意为“生产,生下”。 其宾语通常是表示幼畜或婴儿的词,其主语只能是表示雌性的词。
She gave birth to five children. 她生了五个小孩。
die of 和 die from 的区别
die v.(过去式、过去分词died, 现在分词dying) 死
Fish will die without clean water.没有干净的水,鱼就会死去。 —That's right.We must keep our rivers clean.对,我们必须保持河流清洁。
1)若死因存在于人体之内或之上(主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因),一般用介词 of, 如:die of illness(heart trouble,cancer,a fever,etc) 死于疾病(心脏病、癌症、发烧等)。
(2)若死因不是存在人体之内或之上,而是由环境造成的(主要指事故等方面的外部原 因),一般用介词 from, 如:die from an earthquake(a traffic accident,a lightning strike, etc)死于地震(交通事故、雷击等)。
want 和 would like 的区别
want vt.“想;想要”, 相当于would like。 当主语是第一人称时,用 would like要多于want, 因 would like语气较委婉。want 和 would like用法一样, 其后可接名词作宾语,也可接不定式作宾语,也可接sb.再加不定式作复合宾语。
I want/would like a kilo of tea. 我要一千克茶叶
He wants/would like to go and see Mr Green.他想去看格林先生。
remember doing sth. 和 remember to do sth.的区别
remember to do sth.表示“记得去做某事(还没做)”; remember doing sth.表示“记得做过某事(做了)”。
to remember him ... 不定式表目的,意为“为了……”。
Tom gets up early to catch the early bus. 汤姆起得早是为了赶上早班公共汽车。
Today,people eat rice dumplings and have dragon boat races to remember him on that day every year.
Where did he go? He went to another store to buy pencils
in danger 在危险中
Some wild animals are in danger. 有些野生动物处境危险。 It's dangerous to go out when there is a typhoon. 台风来临时外出很危险。
have dragon boat races 举行龙舟赛
Every year, we have dragon boat races on Dianshan Lake. 我们每年要在淀山湖上举行龙舟赛。
have 作为实义动词,含有多种含义
have breakfast 吃早饭 have a swim/walk/ride 游泳/散步/骑马 have a class 上课 have a meeting 开会 We have coffee at 11,我们11点钟喝咖啡。
on 表示具体的某一天或特殊的 某一天的早上、下午、晚上等。
on Tuesday 在星期二 on April 8 在 4 月 8 日
on the night of May 25th 在5月25日的晚上 on a sunny morning 在一个晴朗的早晨
On the afternoon of March 8, the women in the city had a big party.
(1)at 表示在时间点或较短的时期。
at 11:00 在11点钟 at haf past five在 5 点 半 at noon 在 中 午
(2)in 表示某年、某季、某月或泛指某天中的某段时间。
in 1998在1998年 in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上
单词
one 是代词,ones 是其复数形式
I like sweet rice dumplings without beans, but I don't like salty ones with meat.
advice /ədvais/ n. 劝告,忠告,意见
On his advice I am staying in bed.
advice 是不可数名词,不可以说 an advice, 一条建议可以说 a piece of advice。
some advice 一些意见 a piece of advice 一条意见 g give advice提出忠告 take one's advice 接受忠告
Let me give you a piece of advice .
advise v.劝告,患告,警告,建议, 常用于 advise sb. (not)to do sth.这 一 结构
rather /ra:ðə (r)/ adv.宁愿,宁可;更确切地;有点,相当
I'd rather go to the movies. 我宁愿去看电影。
He's my friend, or rather he was my friend. 他是我的朋友,不过更确切的说,他曾经是我的朋友
lunar /lu:nə(r)/adj. 月(亮)的;农历的
lunar module 登月舱 lunar naut登月宇航员 lunar vehicles 月球车 lunar month太阴月(约29 .5日) lunar calendar农 历 lunar year太阴年
lose /lu:z/ v. 失去;丢失;输
I cannot find my watch. I must have lost it. 我找不到手表,我一定把它给丢了。 I tried hard not to lose a word of his lecture. 我努力想听清他课上讲的每一字每一句。 Our team lost the football match. 我们队足球比赛输了。 Don't lose hold of my hand. 不要松开我的手。
lose memory丧失记忆 lose one's eyesight 失去视力 lose one's way 迷路 lose a chance 错过机会 lose one's train没赶上火车 lose a game输一局/场 lose a battle 输了一场战争 lose one's job失业
moon cake 月饼
People usually eat moon cakes on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month. 人们通常在农历八月十五那天吃月饼。
the fifth day of the fifth lunar month 农历五月初五;端午节
固定用法
1.would like to do sth. 想要做某事 2.give advice to sb. 向某人提建议 3.take one's advice 接受某人劝告 4.a piece of + 不可数名词一片 5.would rather do sth. 宁愿做某事 6.Would you like some..? 询问对方的意见
错题
Napoleon (拿破仑) lost the _Battle__ of Waterloo to Russians. / ˈbætl/
专有名词 大写
My _ favorite____ interest is playing badminton. (favor)
(同类中)最受喜爱的(等于favourite)
Ben __invited___ his friends to his birthday party last Saturday. (invitation)
n请柬,请帖 复数 invites 第三人称单数 invites 现在分词 inviting 过去式 invited过去分词 invited
6下重点 U4
单词
indoor/ido:(r)/adj. 室内的,户内的
an indoor pool 一个室内游泳池 indoor paint 室内画
an indoor party 室内聚会 indoor gardening 室内园艺
outdoor /aotdo:(r)/adj.室外的,户外的
outdoor games 户外运动 an outdoor swimming pool户外游泳池
an outdoor theatre 露天剧场 lead an outdoor life 在野外生活
puzzle //pʌ zl/n.难题;智力游戏;拼图
crossword puzzle 填字游戏 jigsaw puzzle拼图玩具
How dinosaurs died out is still a puzzle. 恐龙是如何灭绝的仍然是一个谜。
Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me. 他们为什么要做此事我仍感到莫名其妙。
model /'mpdl/n. 模型
What are you doing? 你在做什么? —I'm making a model plane.我在做一架飞机模型。
model ship 船模
health /helθ/n.健康
Which would you like to choose, health or wealth? 健康和财富,你选择哪一个? —Health,if I have to choose one. 如果非得选一个的话,我选健康。
healthy /'helei/ adj.(比较级healthier, 最高级 healthiest) 健康的, 反义词为 unhealthy,表示“不健康的”
How can we keep healthy? 我们怎样才能保持健康? —Eat healthy food and do exercise.吃健康食品,做运动。
Larry has put on too much weight because of his unhealthy diet.(healthy) (2013 · 上海)
Healthy (health) food makes healthy (health)life .
headache /hederk/n. 头痛
Are you all right? You look pale. 你身体不舒服吗?你脸色苍白。 —I have a bad headache. 我头疼得厉害。
病痛的表达 (1)英语中身体各部位疼痛的词多数由“部位+ache”来表示。 (2)表示病痛的词大多数是可数名词,如a headache, a stomach 痛 toothache是不可数名词。
cold /kəuld/n. 感冒 fever /fi:və (r)/n.发热,发烧 sore /sɔ :(r)/adj.(发炎)疼痛的
a bad/heavy/slight cold 严重/重/轻感冒 have a cold in the head/on the chest患伤风头疼/伤风咳嗽
cold n. 冷;寒冷
the heat of summer and the cold of winter 夏暑冬寒 She doesn't seem to feel the cold.她似乎不觉得冷。
Tom has a fever. 汤姆发烧了。 —Let's take him to hospital.咱们送他去医院吧。 Aspirin can reduce fever.阿司匹林可以退烧。
Jim,you sound strange today. 吉姆,你的声音今天听起来有点儿奇怪。 —I've caught a cold and now I have a sore throat。 我感冒了,嗓子疼。 My leg is still very sore.我的腿还是很疼。 She's still a bit sore after the accident 她出事后直到现在还觉得痛呢
have a cold感 冒 have a fever发 烧 have a sore throat 喉咙痛
exercise n.& v. 锻炼,运动
How often do you exercise?
Take more exercise to stay healthy. 多做运动,以保持健康。(作名词) You're getting fat, so you should exercise more. 你长胖了,所以要多运动。(作动词)
exercise作“运动”解释时是不可数名词, 作“体操”和“练习”解释时是可数名词。
gymnastic exercises 体操,健身操;[军] 操练 morning exercises 早操
spelling exercises 拼写练习 do one's exercises(=do one's homework) 做功课
exercise book练习本 take exercise 做体操,做健身活动 oral exercise 口语练习 physical exercise 体育运动;身体操练
We do morning exercises (exercise) every day
forget to do sth. 与 forget doing sth.
前者表示“忘记去做某事(未做)”, 后者表示“忘记做过某事(已做)”
She forgot to post the letter. 她忘记寄这封信了。
I'll never forget meeting my school headmaster for the first time. 我永远忘不了和我校长初次见面的情景。
Don't get angry at small things that your roommate does. Try to forget the unhappy things between you and your roommate.No one—including you—is perfect. (2013 ·上海)
The door is still open.I forgot to close it.
like/love/enjoy doing .. 喜欢做……
Many children like/love/enjoy flying kites on a fine day. 许多孩子喜欢在晴天放风筝。
practise doing sth. 表示 “练习做…… ”“训练…… ”的意思。
he practises playing the violin every morning. 她每天早上都练习拉小提琴。
It's because you don't have enough exercise, I'm afraid.
help do the housework 帮忙做家务
help(to)do sth. 表示“帮忙做…… ”, 有时可以改写为 help sb.with sth.。
Sally often helps her mum do the housework. =Sally often helps her mum with the housework.萨莉经常帮妈妈做家务。
Can you help me to learn English? (同义句转换) Can you help me with English
enjoy 意为“享受……的乐趣;喜欢”。 其同义词为 like,其后常接名词、代词、动词-ing形式。
I enjoy playing tennis.我喜欢打网球。 Did you enjoy the movie? 你喜欢那部电影吗?
enjoy oneself 相当于 have a good time 意为“过得愉快”。 e.g. I hope you enjoy yourselves.我希望你们玩得开心。
both,neither 和 either
either, neither,both 均表示“两者”, either表示“两者中任何一个”;neither表示“两 中都不”;both 表示“两者都”。
都可以作形容词。 either后接单数名词;neither后也接单数名词;both 则常与复名词连用 。
There are trees on both sides of the road.公路两边都有树。
Can I come on Saturday or Sunday? 我是星期六还是星期天来? — Either day is OK.随便哪一天都行
Neither answer is right. 两个答案都不对。
都可作代词,都可与 of 连用。 either of/neither of 后接复数名词或代词, 作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 both of后接复数名词或代词,谓语动词用复数形式。
Either of the answers is right. 两个答案中有一个是对的。 Neither of the answers is right. 两个答案都不对。 Both of the answers are right.两个答案都对。
Neither of them speaks English.You must speak Chinese.
should 表示劝告、建议、命令等,意为“应该”,后面接动词原形。
You should wash your hands first. = You ought to wash your hands first. 你应该先洗手。
We should learn how to use computers. 我们应该学习怎样使用电脑。 You should take care of your little brother. 你应该照顾你的小弟弟。
less 为 little 的比较级,通常与不可数名词连用。
We have less snow this year than usual. 今年的雪比往年少。 Less noise please. 请不要大声吵闹。
less 的反义词为 more。
Usually Xiao Li spends less time doing homework than Xiao Chen does.
固定用法 词组
1.like/love/enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 2.forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 3.too much+不可数名词太多 …… 4.practise doing sth.练习做某事 5.help(to)do sth.帮忙做……
I.stay healthy保持健康 3.play the piano 弹钢琴 5.in the playground 在操场上 7.have a sore throat 喉咙痛 9.have a cold 感冒 11.have toothache 牙痛 13.not enough 不够的 15.once/twice a day 每天一/两次 17.once a month 每月一次
2.play basketball 打篮球 4.do puzzles猜谜语 6.have a stomach ache 胃痛 8.have a headache头痛 10.have a fever 发烧 12.enough exercise足够的锻炼 14,how often 多久一次 16.four times a day 每天四次 18.help do the housework 帮忙
frequency 频率副词
1. “次数”的表达法:once 一 次 ;twice两 次 ;three times三次。 超过三次及以上的就用数字+times表示,比如说:four times 四次。
2.英语中表示次数的频率应该用: once a week,twice a week,three times a week。 a week 还可用 a month,a year,every week,every year来代替
3.对频率副词的提问用how often引导的特殊疑问句。 How often常与一般现在时或一般过去时连用。
How often do you go to the park? 你多长时间去一次公园? —Twice a month.一个月两次。
more/less/fewer
1.more 是 much, many 的比较级,在名词前表示“更多的…… ”, more 既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。
There will be more people in the future. 将来会有更多的人。 Is there more air pollution in the city? 这个城市有更多的空气污染吗?
There will be more buildings (更多的建筑) in 50 years.
There will be more libraries ( 更 多 的 图 书 馆 ) in this city,
2.less是 little的比较级,表示“更少的……”,less与不可数名词连用。
There was less tea in this cup.这个杯子里的茶更少。
Students will have less homework (更少的家庭作业) to do.
There will be less pollution (更少的污染)here.
3.fewer是 few 的比较级,也表示“更少的…… ”,修饰可数名词。
I am new here,so I have fewer friends than you. 我刚来这儿,所以没有你的朋友多。
Kids will have fewer computers (更少的计算机) in their classrooms.
There will be fewer trees (更少的树)in the park.
6下重点 U5
单词
possible adj 可能的
Please come here as soon as possible. 请尽快赶到这儿来。
I'll be there in five minutes 我5分钟后就到。
It's possible for him to lift the weight. 对于他来说,举起这点重量是可能的。
possibly adv. 大概,也许,或许 impossible adj. 不可能的
future /'fju:tʃə (r)/ n. 未来
1. What do you think cars will be like in the future? 你觉得未来的汽车会是什么样子?
Maybe they will be driven by computers. 也许它们会由电脑驾驶。
magic /'mædʒik/ adj. 有魔力的;魔术的,魔法的;不可思议的
1.The way she sings is really magic. 她的歌唱技巧真是妙不可言。 记忆链接 magic words 魔咒
magic carpet (《天方夜谭》中的) 魔毯 magic beauty令人着魔的美丽 a magic weapon法宝 magic cube魔方(玩具) magic eye 电眼,魔眼(用于监督产品质量) magic lantern幻灯 知识拓展 magician n. 魔术师
button /'bʌtn/n. 纽扣;按钮
1.My sister bought a coat with brass buttons yesterday. 我姐姐昨天买了一件有铜扣的上衣 2.Which button turns the volume down? 哪个按钮可以用来把音量调小?
press /pres/v. 按;压
1.Just press this button,and you'll start the engine. 只要按一下这个按钮便可启动这台发动机了。
知识拓展 近义词:push v.按,压下;推 反义词:pull v.拔,拉
back /baek/n. 背后,背部;(物体的) 背面
1.We lay on our backs under the tree. 我们在树下仰面躺着。 2.She put the saddle on the horse's back. 她把马鞍放在马背上。 3.This chair has a high back. 这张椅子椅背很高。 4.There's something written on the back of this book. 这本书的背面写有字。
weigh/wei/v. 称重量,测出重量,weight n. 重量
1.He weighed himself on the bathroom scales. 他在浴室的磅秤上称体重。 2.The clothing must be weighed before it is put in the washing machine. 要洗的衣物必须称过重量再放入洗衣机中。 3.This piece of meat weighs four pounds.这块肉重四磅。 4.How much does she weigh? Her weight is 50 kg.
good-looking adj. 美貌的;漂亮的
reporter n.记者,新闻记者
1.Julia has got a job as a reporter on the local paper. 朱莉娅得到了一份在本地一家报社当记者的工作。
baker n. 面包师 / bake v. 烘,烤
1.His father is a baker. 他的父亲是一个面包师。 2.Mum is baking a cake. 妈妈正在烤蛋糕。 It smells good. 真好闻。
百科小贴士: 以元音字母e 结尾的动词,且e 之前又是辅音字母的,其现在分词的构成是去e 后 加-ing, 如 bake 的现在分词是baking。
singer /'sigə (r)/ n.歌手,歌唱家
Is she a good singer? 她是 一 个好歌手吗? Oh, yes. She sings very well. 哦,是的。她唱得很好。 pop singer 流行歌手
agree e /ə'gri:/ v. 同意
1.agree on/about sth. 对 ……意见一致
They all agree on this case. 他们对此案件意见一致。
2.agree to do sth. 同意做……
Andrew has agreed to lend me his bicycle for the weekend. 安德鲁答应这个周末把自行车借给我。
3.agree to sth. 赞同;允许
She agreed to my idea. 她同意我的想法。
4.agree with sb. 赞同某人
I don't agree with you. 我不赞同你。
grow /grəu/v. (过去式 grew, 过去分词grown)
(1) 成长,生长
1.Plants grow fast in warm and rainy places. 植物在温暖多雨的地方生长得很快。 2.They grow slowly in cold and dry places. 他们在寒冷干燥的地方就长得慢了。
(2)栽种,种植
Farmers grow grains and vegetables on the farm. 农民在农场种粮食和蔬菜。 Some of them also grow flowers and fruit. 有些农民也种花卉和水果。
report n. 报告;报道, report v. 报告;汇报
1.The famous professor gave us a wonderful report yesterday. 这位著名的教授昨天给我们做了一次精彩的报告。 2.He reported on progress made in the hall. 他在大厅里报告了所取得的进展
poor adj. 贫穷的,贫困的;拙劣的
1.The doctor often helps poor people. 这位医生经常帮助穷人。 2.William was born in a poor family. 威廉出生于一个贫穷的家庭。 3.His handwriting is really poor. 他的书写真的是太差了。
spacecraft /'speiskra:ft/n. 航天器;宇宙飞船
spacecraft orbiting the earth 绕地球运行的航天器
in the future和in future 的区别
in the future的意思是“在将来,在未来”, 通常与一般将来时连用
Who knows what will happen in the future? 谁知道将来会发生什么事情? The little boy will grow into a thoughtful man in the future. 这个小男孩将来会成为一位有思想的人。
in future的意思是 “从今往后”
In future, make sure the door is never left unlocked. 从今往后,千万别忘记锁好。 Please be more careful in future. 今后请多加小心。
beautiful, pretty, handsome 与 good-looking 的区别
这四个单词都有“漂亮的”、“好看的”意思。 beautiful 和 pretty 常常用于形容女性, 但beautiful 的语义比较强; handsome 通常用来形容男性; 而 good-looking往往可以形容男性和女性。
agree e /ə'gri:/ v. 同意
1.agree on/about sth. 对 ……意见一致
They all agree on this case. 他们对此案件意见一致。
2.agree to do sth. 同意做……
Andrew has agreed to lend me his bicycle for the weekend. 安德鲁答应这个周末把自行车借给我。
3.agree to sth. 赞同;允许
She agreed to my idea. 她同意我的想法。
4.agree with sb. 赞同某人
I don't agree with you. 我不赞同你。
in front of 在 (某人/某物) 前面
1.The bus stops right in front of our house. 公共汽车恰好停在我们房前。 The car in front of me stopped suddenly and I had to brake 我前面那辆小汽车突然停住,我只好刹车
in front of 和 in the front of 的区别
(1) in front of意为“在 ……前面”,指在某场所外的前面,即不同的两种事物的比较。
There are some trees in front of the house. 房前有一些树。
(2) in the front of 意为“在 ……前面”,指在某范围内的前部,即一个整体和部分的比较 。
He sat in the front of the cinema. 他坐在电影院的前面。 A man is sitting in the front of the car. 一个人正坐在车子前面。
look for, discover, find out, search 的区别
1.Look for 表示寻找时,强调找的动作或过程
2.discover指有意或无意地发现已经存在但尚不为人知的事物,可以是物体等有形物或真理等无形物,后面接动词不定式。
We never discovered how to open the box. 我们从未弄清楚如何打开这个盒子。
3.find out是不可分短语,指经过询问、调查、观察、计算或研究等手段发现或找到,多用于复杂而不易直接查出的情况。
We must find out the truth of the matter. 我们必须弄清楚事情的真相。
4.search是指对某一处所、容器或人进行搜查或指寻找想找到的人或物,比look for 的语气更强,后面可接介词 for , 或构成短语 in search of“搜寻”。
They are searching of the missing child. 他们正在寻找失踪的孩子。 They are searching him for a gun. 他们正搜他的身,看他是否带着枪。
I spend one hour searching for information every day
spend 后应接 (in) doing 结构;又因search 作及物动词时后面跟名词或代词,如房屋、衣服等;作不及物动词时,常与for 连用,表示“搜寻,寻找”。此处 指花费极大的力气去搜寻某个特定的目标.
a lot 很多,非常
在句中可作主语、宾语或状语,也可以用来修饰比较级加强语气。
1.A lot has been done about it. 关于这个问题已采取了许多措施。 2.I have learned a lot from him. 我从他那儿学了许多东西。
come back 回来;返回
You came back very late last night. 昨晚你回来得很晚。 come back还意为“又成为流行的、时髦的”。
Miniskirts are starting to come back. 超短裙又开始流行了。
This is me in 15 years'time.
in ..years' time 在 …… 年之后, 这里“in”指的是“在 ……之后”, 而不是指“在 ……之内”, 后跟一段时间。
In twenty years'time, there will possibly be more and more traffc jams. 20年后,交通堵塞可能会越来越严重。
When will the second class begin? In two minutes. 在表示时间上,“for 十 段时间”表示持续多久; “at 十 时间点”表示在某个时刻; “in 十 时间段”表示多久以后,常用在将来时 中; “after十 时间段”表示多久之后,常用在过去时中。
I'll be taller and heavier.
(1) will be ….结构,表示某人或物将会是怎样的或将成为什么。
Jack will be a doctor in the future. 将来杰克将成为一名医生。 It will be cold tomorrow. 明天天气会很冷。
(2) be taller and heavier意为“更高更重”。 这里隐含着比较级,指和现在的状态做比较。
Sally will be taller and more beautiful. 萨莉会长得更高、变得更漂亮。
I agree. (表示对他人意见的赞同)
I don't agree.(表示对他人意见的不赞同)
Tom will possibly be a reporter. 汤姆也许会成为一名记者。 Yes,I agree. He is good at writing. 是的,我同意。他擅长写作。 No,I don't agree. 不,我不这样认为。
He will not wear glasses
wear 除了表示“穿”, 还可表示“戴”。 句中的 glasses意为“眼镜”, a pair of glasses意为“一副眼镜”
wear, put on 和dress 的区别
(1) wear 作动词,意为“穿;戴”, 表示穿或戴的状态。
The girl likes wearing a pair of brown shoes.这个女孩喜欢穿棕色的鞋子。
(2) put on 意为“穿上”, 表示穿的动作, 即原来没有穿着后来穿上了。
It's raining outside. Put on your raincoat. 外面在下雨,穿上你的雨衣。
(3) dress 作动词,意为“(给……)穿衣”。 表示给某人穿衣的动作, 通常构成结构
dress sb. “给某人穿衣” dress oneself “自己穿衣” get dressed “穿着 …… ” be dressed in“穿着…… ” dress up“打扮”
1.Can you dress the baby for me? 你能替我给婴儿穿衣服吗? 2.Please get up and put on your clothes.
get dressed 表示“帮某人穿衣服(强调状态)”; put on表示“穿衣服”,强调动作; wear 强调状态; dress表示“给某人穿衣服”。
First, Next, Then, After that, Finally
6步: First, Second, Next, Then, After that, Fianlly
固定用法
1.want to do sth.想要做某事 2.be good at +n./ v.-ing擅长 3.be poor at +n./ v.-ing不擅长 4.love doing sth. 喜欢做某事 5.would like to do sth.想要做某事