导图社区 英语知识总结
英语知识总结思维导图,汇总了Unit 1~Unit 6的单词、短语、语法知识,希望这份脑图会对你有所帮助。
编辑于2023-06-05 10:46:08 河北省英语知识总结
Unit 1
单词
V.avoid,cover,discover,expercience,quit,record
adj.comfortable,daily,double,ethnic,local,major,marvelous,national,uniq-ue,well-konwn
n.agency,devotion,Egypt,France,geogr apher,hardship,ltaly,joumey,luggage,option,product,teservation,ticket,vegetation
adv.eventually
prep. throughout
短语
all sorts of; be famous for; due to; give up; pass through; scenic spot, set off; take care of:have to do sth.
语法.过去式
定义:表示过去时间。主要来表示在特定的时间中一次完成的动作或吉一度存在的状志。
关键词:last.ago; yesterday:long ago..
动词变化
词尾加-ed: work-worked; play--playe d; study--studie d;
不规则空化:become-became; build-builtbegin-began;get-got.
不变:put-put; read-readilet-let.aaa.
Unit 2
单词
v.boost,develop,handle,ignore,reduce,suffer,
adj.active,manual,physical,terride,
n.appointment,cancer,cough,cure,depression,effort,energy,fitness,illness,self-respect,stress,temperature,technician,
adv.actually,sadly,
短语
as a result;durn off;give sb a hand;look well;lose one's temper;move aroound; public transport;recover from;washing machine;what is more
语法
1)主系表(1)系动词: 1. be动词类:am; is; are; was; were;2. 感官动词类:look“看起来”;seem“看起来”;sound“听起来”;smell“闻起来”;taste“尝起来”;feel“摸起来,觉得,感到”;感官动词的汉语意思中带有“……起来”3. 含有“变成,变”意思的系动词:become“变成”;turn“变成”get“变得,变成”等;4. 含有“保持”意思的系动词:remain“保持”;stay“保持”;keep“保持”等;(2)主语:主语是一个句子叙述的主体(3)表语:属于主语补足语,语法名词,是指说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的词或从句,表语常由名词、形容词、介词短语、动名词、不定式、副词来充当,它常位于系动词之后。
2)主谓宾状(1)谓语:是对主语动作状态或特征的陈述或说明(2)宾语:是指一个动作(动词)的接受者。(3)状语:(1)状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状语等。(2)状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句首,但也可放在句末或句中。(3)状语是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念。
3)There be 结构意思是“有”,表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。(1)主谓要一致当动词be后所接的名词是单数可数名词或不可数名词时,be 应该取单数is(考虑句子时态);当其后所接的名词是复数的可数名词时,be用复数are(考虑句子时态)。There's a man at the door.门口有个人。There is some apple juice in the bottle.瓶子里有些苹果汁。There are some strangers in the street.大街上有一些陌生人。(2)否定句There be 句型的否定句构成方式是将否定副词not放在be 之后,如:There isn’t a box in the room.房间里没有盒子。There aren’t any pens on the desk.课桌上没有钢笔。There hasn’t been any rain for a week.一周没(3) 疑问There be 句型的一般疑问句是将be 放在主语there 之前,回答时用yes或no,后接简单答语。如:Is there a cake on the table?桌子上有块蛋糕吗?Yes,there is. / No,there isn’t.是,有。/ 不,没有。
Unit 3
单词
v.excel,express,organize,receive,sign,
n.agreement,arrangement,assistant,challenge,colleague,deal,definition,description,expectation,guest,inspection,instruction,insurance,intern,internship,mentor,pre-service,prize,procedure,program,reception,receptionist,report,scholarship,section,staff,trainee,
adj.qualified
短语
go through;Human Resources Department;job description;keep track of;three-party-agreement;training archive
语法
过去进行时:
(1)构成:过去进行体是由助动词be的过去形式(was,were)加 -ing 分词构成。
(2)作用:表示过去某时正在进行的动作;表示过去某种习惯性动作。
Unit 4
单词
v.apply,collect,contribute,gain,graduare,include,inform,
n.activity,application,architecture,veach,department,exhibit,knowledge,organizarion,palace,public,result,university,volunteer,
adj.amazing,electronic,enthusiastic,patient,responsible,rural
短语
act as;be skilled in;elementary education;elementary school;home and abroad;look forward to;major in
语法
感叹句how与what的用法:1、由"what"引导的感叹句:"what"意为"多么"用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是: what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is).如: What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀!2、由"how"引导的感叹句:"how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分)。如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是: How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语+(it is).如: How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀!3、在表示同一意义时,英语感叹既可用"what"引导,也可用"how"引导。如What a hot day it is! /How hot the day is ! 多么热的天气呀!4、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时,口语中常常采用省略句,其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。如: What a fine day! 多么晴朗的天呀!
how与what的区别:1、意思不同:how:怎样,如何(后接形容词或副词)多少what:多么,真,太2、用法不同how:how作“多么,多少”解时,指达到什么程度,到何种地步,后接形容词或副词。how还常用于感叹句中,可修饰谓语动词,在句中作状语,表示程度,意为“多么,何等”。how还可与形容词+带不定冠词的单数可数名词〔不可数名词,复数名词〕构成感叹what:what的感叹句用来感叹名词,被感叹的名词既可以是可数名词(单数形式或复数形式),也可以是不可数名词。3、侧重点不同how:how用来强调形容词或副词。what:what用来强调名词。
Unit 5
单词
v.enlighten,impress,link,
n.artist,century,character,civilization,Cubism,emissary,exchange,exhibition,Greece,memory,painting,peak,podcast,portait,reporter,route,sculpture,technolgy,treasure,vitality,
adj.actual,attractive,curious,lively,maritime,Spanish,Western
adv.indeed
abbr.BC
短语
as early as ,attract to,China fever,date back to,search for ,the Olympic Games ,the Silk Road
语法
宾语从句:(1)什么是宾语从句:由一个句子(从句)来做另一个句子(主句)的宾语,并且一个连接词引导。(2)连接词:that, if, whether, what, how, where....etc(3)结构:当陈述句作宾从时: (that)+ 其他(位置不变) We believe (that) he is honest. 当一般疑问句作宾从时:if\whether +主谓I don’t know if/whether she will come here.当特殊疑问句作宾从时:特殊疑问词+主谓
宾语从句:(1)什么是宾语从句:由一个句子(从句)来做另一个句子(主句)的宾语,并且一个连接词引导。(2)连接词:that, if, whether, what, how, where....etc(3)结构:当陈述句作宾从时: (that)+ 其他(位置不变) We believe (that) he is honest.当一般疑问句作宾从时:if\whether +主谓I don’t know if/whether she will come here. 当特殊疑问句作宾从时:特殊疑问词+主谓Could you tell me where the post office is?
Unit 6
单词
v.achieve,assemble,butcher,prepare,weld,
n.craft,craftsmanship,excellence,movement,patent,patience,speech,standard,steel,structure,watchmaking,whisper,workshop,
adj.continued,creative,graceful,impressive,ordinary,persistent,
adv.exactly
短语
be connected to;focus on;in the end ;neither .. nor …;once upon a time;strive for;
语法
被动语态:(1)语态分为主动语态和被动语态。(2)时态≠语态,时态在句子中被视为一个整体做谓语,被动语态是做谓语的谓语动词+及物动词的过去分词构成。【动词的过去分词是非谓语的一种形式】(3)被动语态是做谓语的谓语动词+及物动词的过去分词构成。被动语态表达方式:be+done(be就是谓语动词,done即代指动词的过去式)(4)多种时态和被动语态 (1)一般现在时的被动语态:主语 + be/is/are + doneHe is loved by everyone(他受到大家的爱戴)(2)一般过去时的被动语态:主语 + was + doneThe book was written by him(这本书是他写的)(3)一般将来时的被动语态:主语 + will be +doneThe naughty boy will be punished by hismother(这个顽皮的男孩会被他妈妈惩罚)(4)一般过去将来时的被动语态:主语 + would be + doneHe said he would be dispatched to Syria.(他说他会被派遣到叙利亚)(5)现在进行时的被动语态:主语 + be/is/are being +donePrisoners are being judged(犯人正在被审判)(6)过去进行时的被动语态:主语 + was/were being + doneThe stadium was being built that time.(那时体育场正在建设当中)(7)现在完成时的被动语态:主语 + have/has been + doneThis book has been translated into many languages.(这本书被翻译成很多语言)(8)过去完成时的被动语态:主语 + had been + doneThe hostages had been released when police arrived(警察到时人质已经被释放了)(9)将来完成时的被动语态:主语 + will + have been + done
He will have been judged by the time you arrived
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