Design fixation

Design fixation的思维导图，Conceptual design in the context of engineering design is the process by which ideas are generated or configurations are created or selected to meet the specifications and constraint so fanident if ied technological need

Design fixation

• General
  • Conceptual design in the context of engineering design is the process by which ideas are generated or configurations are created or selected to meet the specifications and constraint so fanident if ied technological need
  • Within the framework of this model one is led to consider what drives these motions and what barriers may impede or prevent movement
  • Two questions
    • The question of methodology with respect to driving for cesarises
    • These condquestion that of the barrers which block the unfolding of good conceptual design thinkingis the focus of the present investigation and analysis
• EXPERIMENT ALCOGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY BACKGROUND
  • To solve the problem it wasnecessary to use the pliers as a pendulum weight, an atypicaluse for pliers
  • Restricting on esuse of an object to previously encountered functions as with the pliers, is termed 'functional fixednesswhich is an identifiable type off ixationin problem solving
  • In the presentstudy we have taken an experimental approach to understanding this aspect of creative design and invention
  • GENERALMETHOD
    • The general method used in the present study was fairly consistent through out all four experiments
• EXPERIMENT 1:THE BICYCLE RACK PROBLEM
  • It was hypothesized that the range of ideas generated for a design problem would be restricted by presenting the problem with a sample design as compared with presenting the problem with out an example
• EXPERIMENT 2:DESIGN AND PROCEDURE
  • RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
    • The subjects responses were scored for
      • 1)number of designs;
      • 2),number of top mount designs;
      • 3)number of designs with suction cups
      • 4)number of designs with tyrerailings
• EXPERIMENT 3:THE MEASURING CUP FOR THE BLIND PROBLEM
  • Subjects
    • The 31 subjects in Experiment 2 were students enrolled in a senior level mechanical engineering design course
    • There were 15 students randomly assigned to the control groupand 16 to the fixation group
  • Materials
    • The experimental test was named an Idea generation exercise,and the instructions were printed on a single page
  • Experimen talde sign and procedure
• EXPERIMENT 4:THE SPILL PROOF COFFEE CUP PROBLEM
  • Experimental sign and procedure
    • Subjects responses weres cored for
      • 1)number of designs
      • 2)number of designs which would leak
      • 3)number of designs with straws
      • 4)number of designswithmouthpieces
• EXPERIMENT 5:PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS
  • Subjects
    • Thirteen professional engineers from the structural design department of a major corporation in Fort Worth Texas volunteered to participate in the experiment
  • Materials
    • The materials for Experiment 4 consisted of an Idea generation exercisesimilar to that used in the previous experiments, and a questionnaire concerned with aspects of the design engineer’s work which are related to design fixation
  • Experimental design and procedure
    • Cover sheets explaining the needs of the study were attached to the materials and sent to the head of the companys design department
  • RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
    • The conclusion is that design fixation was empirically verified in professional design engineers
• CONCLUSIONS
  • Outre search has clearly and repeatedly demonstrated the existence of design fixation
  • The interest in this area stems from a desire to understand more deeply both the nature of conceptual engineering design as well as to make significant improvements to methodologies by which conceptual design can been hanced