导图社区 英语语法
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英语语法
单数主语需要用单数谓语
The cat sleeps.
John likes ice cream.
复数主语需要用复数谓语
The cats play.
They eat apples.
不可数名词需要用单数谓语
Water is important.
Music makes me happy.
集体名词的谓语动词取决于上下文
The team is practicing.
The team are arguing.
时态
现在时
表示正在进行的动作或状态
She is reading a book.
I am watching TV.
表示经常性或普遍真理
The sun rises in the east.
Dogs bark.
过去时
表示已经发生的动作或状态
She went to the park yesterday.
They played football last night.
表示过去的经常性或习惯
He always ate breakfast early.
We used to live in that house.
将来时
表示将来发生的动作或状态
I will see you tomorrow.
They are going to travel next month.
表示计划或意图
She is going to study abroad.
We will have a party.
语态
主动语态
主语是动作的执行者
She wrote the letter.
They painted the house.
如果需要强调动作的承受者，可以使用by短语
The book was written by him.
The house was painted by them.
被动语态
主语是动作的承受者
The letter was written by her.
被动语态的动词形式由be动词和过去分词构成
The room is cleaned every day.
The song was sung beautifully.
句型
简单句
一个主语和一个谓语动词
She sings.
I run.
并列句
两个或多个独立的子句
I like ice cream, and he likes cake.
She studied for the test, but she still failed.
复合句
一个主句和一个或多个从句
He is reading a book that I recommended.
I will go to the party if I finish my work.
从句
名词性从句
作为主语、宾语或表语的从句
What she said was interesting. (主语从句)
I don't know where he went. (宾语从句)
The problem is what to do next. (表语从句)
定语从句
用来修饰一个名词或代词的从句
The book that I bought is very good.
The person who helped me is my friend.
状语从句
用来表示时间、原因、条件等信息的从句
I will be happy if I pass the exam. (条件状语从句)
He left because he was tired. (原因状语从句)
She called me when she arrived. (时间状语从句)
