被动语态

高中英语通用思维导图，答题模板、语法，（LYY导图）

被动语态

• 特殊形式的被动结构
  • get被动结构: get done
    • 表示一些突然、偶然或预想不到的事情
    • 表示自身所做的一些动作
  • have被动结构: have sth. done
    • 表示有计划地请别人做某事，被动动作由他人执行
    • 表示一种消极经历，被动动作由他人执行
    • 表示使役，强调某个事情被完成了，被动动作由主语执行
• 主动形式表示被动意义
  • look, sound, smell, taste, prove,feel等连系动词可用主动形式表示被动意义
  • open, close, shut, move, lock等作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，用主动形式表示被动意义,常与can't, won't 等连用
  • read, write, sell, clean, cook，burn, draw, cut, wear, wash 等与well, easily, quickly 等副词连用时，主动形式表示被动意义
  • be+adj. +to do"结构中,不定被式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语时用主动形式表示被动意义
  • want, require, need, deserve, be worth后跟动名词，用主动形式表示被动意义
  • “have +宾语+ to do"结构中,不定式逻辑主语为主语时，用主动形式表示被动意义;否则用不定式的被动语态
    • Do you have any homework to do? (you 为to do的逻辑主语)
    • Do you have clothes to be washed? ( wash的逻辑主语未出现)
• 各种时态的被动语态
  • 一般现在时的被动形式:am/is/are done
    • The tables are firmly fixed to the floor.
  • 一般过去时的被动形式: was/were done
    • He was trapped in a burming house during WWII.
    • She was possessed by the desire to be rich when he was poor.
  • 一般将来时的被动形式:will/shall be done, am/is/ are going tobe done
    • The jewels will be held in trust for the girl till she is twenty.
    • Your suggestion shall be carefully considered.
  • 过去将来时的被动形式:would be done, was/ were going to be done
    • She said that she would be given an MP5 as a birthday gift.
  • 现在进行时的被动形式: am/is/are being done
    • Many dated expressions are being dropped from the new dictionary.
  • 过去进行时的被动形式: was/were being done
    • Over 80 million of computers are being sold a year.
  • 现在完成时的被动形式:have/has been done
    • The front cover of the novel has been torn off.
  • 过去完成时的被动形式:hadbeen done
    • They had been warned many times before they carried out the plan.