8非谓语动词

高中英语通用思维导图，答题模板、语法，（LYY导图）

8非谓语动词

• 作定语
  • 不定式作定语表示将来的动作;也表示第几个做某事的人或物
    • We must find a person to do the work.
    • There is no one to take care of her.
    • In my family ,my mother is always the first one to get up.
  • v.-ing形式作定语时与所修饰的名词之间是主动关系或表示所修饰名词的用途
    • Please go to the meeting room.
    • He rushed into the burning house.
  • v. -ed形式作定语时表示与所修饰名词之间为被动关系
    • The most common error made in hanging pictures is to hang them too high.
    • Local people invited to attend a meeting are very pleased to share their experiences of hospital services.
  • 不定式作宾语
    • The driver failed to see the other car in time.
    • I happen to know the answer to your question.
• 形式
  • 不定式
    • 一般式
      • to do/to be done
        • 动作在谓语动词后发生
    • 进行式
      • to be doing
        • 动作与谓语动词同时发生
    • 完成式
      • to have done/ to have been done
        • 动作在谓语动词之前发生
  • v. -ing形式
    • 一般式
      • doing/ being done
        • 动作与谓语动词同时发生动
    • 完成式
      • having done/ having been done
        • 作在谓语动词之前发生
  • v. -ed形式
    • 无时态语态
      • 表示完成和被动
• 做宾语补足语
  • 不定式作宾补宾语
    • Father will not allow us to play on the street.
    • We believe him to be guilty.
  • v. -ing 形式作宾补时与宾语之间为主动关系
    • I heard Tom singing an English song in the next room.
    • On the top of the hill, he could see smoke rising from the chimneys.
  • v. -ed形式作宾补时与宾语之间为被动关系
    • When they got there , they found the house burnt down.
    • The waitress asked the American how he liked his steak cooked.
• 作主语和表语
  • 不定式作主语或表语往往是一次性的、具体的动作;常用it作形式主语
    • To get there by bike will take us half an hour
    • It's our duty to take good care of the old.
    • To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.
    • My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties of the mater
  • v.-ing形式作主语或表语，表示一般或抽象的多次行为;常用句式:It is no use/ good doingsth.或There is no point ( in) doing sth.
    • lt is no use fishig in this river, there are none left
    • There is no point ( in) complaining.They can't do anything to help you.
  • v.-ed形式不作主语,作表语时常表示主语的状态
    • The window is broken.
• 作宾语
  • 当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，常用形式宾语it
    • We tink it quite important for us to leamn a foreign language well.
    • He feels it his duty to help the poor.
    • I find it difiult to learm Engish well.
  • v. -ing形式作宾语
    • We're coidering paying a visit to the Sciencee Museum.
    • They only allw smoking in restcted areas.