导图社区 虚拟语气
学生党快看!一张思维导图带你学透英语的虚拟语气。虚拟语气是说话者用来表示假设,或难以实现的情况,而非客观存在的事实,所陈述的是一个条件,不一定是事实,甚至完全与事实相反。此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时,也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。喜欢请点赞收藏!关注我,能持续获取优质导图哦。
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虚拟语气
情态动词+ have done
对过去已发生的事情肯定的推断 意为:一定,必定
肯定形式: must have done
否定形式: can't/cannot have done
对过去已发生的事情进行推断 意为:可能/或许已经...
肯定形式: may/might have done
否定形式: may/might not have done
本来可以... 本来能够...
could have done
本来应该做某事,却没有做 有责备或后悔之意
should/ought to have done
本来没有必要做某事却做了 (多用于否定句中)
needn't have done
本来会做...而事实上未做到
would have done
非真实条件句
混合虚拟语气(混合条件句)
主句和从句动作不同时发生
含蓄虚拟语气
介词: but for,without,otherwise,but
省略if用法
had,were,should提前
名词性从句
wish后的宾从
一般过去时(宾从动作与wish同时)
过去完成时(宾从动作先于wish)
How I wish you had joined us in singing the song.
could/would+动原(宾从动作后于wish)
I wish you could accompany me to Shanghai next week.
would rather/prefer后的宾从
一般过去时(be用were)对现在或将来的虚拟
I would rather they didn't hear of the news.
过去完成时 对过去的虚拟
I would rather I had not told him the bad new.
as if/as though
从句谓语与主句谓语动作同时发生
用一般过去时
He looks as if he is a artist.(同时)
从句谓语先于主句谓语的动作
用过去完成时
She speaks English so fluently as if She had studied English in America. (先于)
从句谓语后于主句谓语的动作
用过去将来时(would)
She learns English so hard as if She would go to the UK. (后于)
用于表示愿望,建议,命令 等动词后的宾从
demand,order,require, insist,suggest,propose etc.
(should)+动原
当suggest表“暗示,表明”,insist表“坚持说”时, 用陈述语气
It is (high) time (that)...
一般过去时
even if/ even though
与条件句中用法相同
in cast,lest,for fear that
should+动原
if only 的感叹句中