Adjective Clauses形容词从句

这是一篇关于Adjective Clauses的思维导图，掌握它们可以使学生们的语言表达更加准确和流畅。

Adjective Clauses

• 2 types of conjunctions
  • relative pronouns
    • who,whom,which, that, whose
  • relative adverbs
    • when, where, why
• Defining Adjective Clauses
  • uses
    • 修饰specify sb. or sth.
    • 区别identify sb. or sth.
    • 去重avoid repeating sth.
  • uses of conjunctions
    • connect
    • refer to ... in the main clause
    • refer to ...of an adjective clause
      • subject
        • who
          • 人
        • which
          • 物
        • that
          • 人和物
        • 概要
          • 主谓一致
          • 不可省略
      • object
        • who
          • 人
        • whom
          • 人
        • which
          • 物
        • that
          • 人和物
        • 概要
          • Object of Verb
            • 避免重复
            • 可省略
          • Object of Preposition
            • 介词可在从句的句末或句首
              • 若从句谓语动词短语以介词结尾，那介词不可放句首
              • 介词放句首不可省略关系代词
              • eg:I like the ideas which she came up with at the meeting.
                • 谓语动词came up 以介词结尾
            • 可省略
      • attribute
        • whose
          • 人和物
        • 概要
          • 表从属关系
      • adverbial
        • when
          • 时间
        • where
          • 地点
        • why
          • 原因
        • 概要
          • 时间状语
            • when=in which
          • 地点状语
            • where=at which
          • 原因状语
            • why=for which
    • only that
      • 被修饰部分包含不定代词
        • everything,something...
      • 含量词
        • all,every,some...
      • 含绝对词
        • the only,the very,the right...
      • 含最高级
        • the best...
      • 含序数词
        • the first...
      • 同时含人和物
      • 避免与主句中的who,which重复
    • without that
      • 从句末尾介词移到句首时
      • 避免与主句that重复
      • 非限制性定语从句
• Non-defining Adjective Clauses
  • differences from the defining
    • 语义
      • Defining Adjective Clauses
        • 有很多，特指其中的某些 to provide essential information
          • The cab drivers who knew about the traffic jam took another road.
      • Non-defining Adjective Clauses
        • 非特指，而是补充描述 to provide extra information
          • The cab drivers,who knew about the traffic jam, took another road.
        • 专有名词接非限制性
    • 用法
      • Defining Adjective Clauses
        • 不用逗号隔开
        • 连接词可省略
        • 连接词可用that,why
        • 连接词不可与量词、数词搭配
        • 不能修饰整个主句
      • Non-defining Adjective Clauses
        • 要逗号隔开
        • 连接词不可省略
        • 不可用that,why
        • 可与量词数词搭配
          • The librarian just ordered some books, many of which I really want to read.
          • 代人用whom,代物用which
        • which可修饰整个主句
          • He likes climbing mountains, which is surprising.