导图社区 小学英语语法全梳理
这是一篇关于小学英语语法全梳理思维导图，帮助小学生系统学习和理解英语中的时态、语态以及句型转换的语法知识。
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小学英语语法全梳理：时态语态与句型转换思维导图
时态
现在时
一般现在时
表示习惯性动作或普遍真理
She goes to school by bus
Birds fly
肯定句、否定句和疑问句的构成
肯定句：主语 + 动词原形
否定句：主语 + do not/does not + 动词原形
疑问句：Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形?
现在进行时
表示正在进行的动作或当前一段时间内的活动
He is reading a book
They are playing football
构成
肯定句：主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + 动词现在分词(-ing形式
否定句：主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + not + 动词现在分词
疑问句：Be动词(am/is/are) + 主语 + 动词现在分词?
过去时
一般过去时
表示过去某个具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态
I visited the museum yesterday
They played football last weekend
动词过去式的变化规则
规则动词加-ed
不规则动词需单独记忆
肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式
否定句：主语 + did not + 动词原形
疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形?
过去进行时
表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作
She was watching TV at 8 o'clock last night
They were playing basketball when I arrived
肯定句：主语 + was/were + 动词现在分词
否定句：主语 + was/were + not + 动词现在分词
疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + 动词现在分词?
将来时
一般将来时
表示将来某个时间会发生的动作或打算、计划做的事情
I will go to the park tomorrow
They are going to play football next Sunday
肯定句：主语 + will + 动词原形
否定句：主语 + will not + 动词原形
疑问句：Will + 主语 + 动词原形?
现在进行时表示将来
表示已经安排好或计划中的将来动作
I am leaving for Beijing next week
They are getting married next month
肯定句：主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + 动词现在分词
语态
主动语态
表示主语是动作的执行者
The boy kicks the ball
She writes a letter
主语 + 动词原形/现在分词/过去分词
被动语态
表示主语是动作的接受者
The ball is kicked by the boy
A letter is written by her
主语 + be动词(am/is/are/was/were) + 过去分词 + by + 动作执行者
句型转换
肯定句转否定句
在be动词、助动词或情态动词后加not
She is a teacher. -> She is not a teacher
They can swim. -> They cannot swim
否定句转肯定句
去掉not或用肯定形式替换
He does not like apples. -> He likes apples
They are not playing > They are playing
疑问句转陈述句
将疑问句的语序调整为陈述句语序
Do you like ice cream? -> You like ice cream
Are they studying? -> They are studying
陈述句转疑问句
根据时态使用相应的助动词或be动词构成疑问句
She goes to school. -> Does she go to school?
They are playing football. -> Are they playing football?
主动语态转被动语态
将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，动词变为过去分词形式，使用be动词
The teacher teaches us English. -> We are taught English by the teacher
They make cars. -> Cars are made by them
被动语态转主动语态
将被动语态的主语变为宾语，动词变为原形，根据需要添加动作执行者
The window was broken by the ball. -> The ball broke the window
The cake is made by her. -> She makes the cake
