学习词汇

在学习词汇的时候不仅要从单词书上学习，单纯的背单词书对于短时间的应试教育比较有用，但是放到长时间的英语能力的学习上，作用不大。

5.2-A

• develop
  • develop a film 冲洗胶片
  • develop a business 开发业务
  • develop from … 由……发展成
  • develop into 发展成
  • be under development 在发展中
  • with the development of随着……的发展
  • a developing/ developed country 发展中国家／发达国家
• lack
  • lack sth = be lacking in sth 缺少某物动词短语
  • lack of sth 缺少某物名词短语
• result
  • result in 导致
  • result from 由……引起
  • as a result = as a consequence 结果
  • as a result of 作为……的结果
• end
  • at the end of 在……的最后
  • in the end 最终
  • sth come to an end 某事结束
  • end up doing sth 以……结束
  • put an end to sth 结束……
  • end up with sth 以……结束
• whose
  • whose 用作关系代词时，它并不表示“谁的”， 而是表示“……的……又在具体语境需要灵活处理。
  • 引导定语从句的" whose 十名词”， 有时可换成其他结构，注意词序的变化。
  • 如：破了窗户的那座房子是空的。 正 ：The house whose windows are broken is empty. 正 ：The house the windows of which are broken is empty. 正：The house of which the windows are broken is empty. 正：The house with broken windows is empty.
  • 根据语境的需要，whose 前 可以使用语义需要的介词。
  • I wish to thank Professor Smith, without whose help I would never have got this far. 我要感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助 ， 我不会走到今天这一步。
  • Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from whose effects the people are still suffering. 上个月东南亚的部分地区受到洪水侵袭， 现在人们仍在遭受洪水带来的影响。
• 现在分词 做状语
  • People may score higher if they take a test feeling well, rested and confident than if they feel ill or tired.
  • 如果人们在感觉很好、精力充沛、充满自信时进行测试 会比感觉不舒服、疲倦时得分高。 feeling well , rested and confident 是现在分词短语做 状语，=when they feel well , rested and confident 这样的时间状语从句。
  • 现在分词作状语时，此时分词的逻辑主语须是句中的主语。 Not knowing how to work out the physics problem, he asked the teacher for help. = Because he didn't know how to work out the physics problem, he asked the teacher for help. 因为不知道如何解这道物理难题，他求助老师。
  • I wish to thank Professor Smith, without whose help I would never have got this far. 我要感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助 ， 我不会走到今天这一步。
  • Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from whose effects the people are still suffering. 上个月东南亚的部分地区受到洪水侵袭， 现在人们仍在遭受洪水带来的影响。
• 介词+ 关系代词
  • In designing an intelligence test, psychologists try to use questions on subjects to which every person has been equally exposed。
  • be exposed to sth 接触某事物 介词to和关系代词 which一起前置引导定语从句修饰 the subjects 。
  • 注意：定语从句中在介词后要用关系代词 which或 whom来引导从句。当先行词是事物时 ，用which ; 当先行词是人时，用who.
  • Do you still remember the time at which we worked on the farm?你是否还记得我们一起在农场工作的时光？
  • The man to whom I am talking is my teacher. 跟我说话的那个人是我的老师
• 过去分词 短语做定语
  • These experts fear that a child may be treated according to the "label" assigned by the test.
  • 这些专家担心孩子会被根据测试所贴上的标签来对待。 assigned by the test 是过去分词短语作定语修饰label 。
  • 过去分词作定语时，相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词或代词。它所修饰的名词、代词与之构成被动关系。
  • The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital. 受伤的工人现在在医院受到良好的照料。
  • Who were the so-called guests invited to your party last night? 昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的那些所谓的客人是谁呀？