导图社区 Telephone
Telephone:Ⅰ.Key phrases & Key words、Ⅱ.Writting style、Ⅲ.Grammar、Ⅳ.Synonym discrimination.
编辑于2022-06-01 09:56:20Telephone
Ⅱ.Writting style
This article is a narrative article in which the author describes, through the eyes and psychology of a child, the impact of the telephone as a modern means of communication on the way of life in a small village in the mountains of Lebanon.
The author begins by devoting a great deal of space to describing the way of life in the small village before the arrival of the telephone, and then recounts the arrival of the telephone and the gradual changes that take place in the village in the eyes of a small child. The changes in people's lifestyles before and after the arrival of the phone call form a sharp contrast, leading the reader to think about the huge impact that modern science and technology have on our lives.
Although the author of the whole article does not explicitly express his point of view, he has indirectly expressed his own views vividly by describing the changes in people's lives in a child's innocent and simple world.
In rhetorical terms, the author uses paradox in addition to contrast, metaphor, and parallelism. It is worth mentioning that the author uses metaphors while also using language with local characteristics, which makes the article more lifelike and makes the reader feel immersed.
In addition, the author uses more transitional sentences in the narrative process, which makes the narrative of the article more compact, and the transformation of the narrative theme more natural, so that the structure of the article is clearer.
Ⅲ.Grammar
as and though as concessive conjunctions
adjective + as / though + sb / sth + link verb
noun phrase + though + sb / sth + link verb
Much as + subject + verb
Try as sb might / could / would
It is / was ( high ) time ( that ) sb did sth
Ⅳ.Synonym discrimination
1.shun/avoid/evade 逃避,避免
shun:怀着厌恶之情或出于道德和谨慎的考虑而避开;
avoid:避开某种不愉快或有害的事物,多是有意为之;
evade:用暗地欺骗的手法逃避责任和义务。
2.toss/pitch/throw/cast抛,扔,投
toss:指抛掷较轻的物体,亦指偶然随便的或完全无瞄准的抛掷;
throw:普通用词,一般不涉及抛掷方式或其他感情内容;
cast:较迅速且不太用劲地抛出较轻的物体,现仅用于捕鱼行业或一些日常惯用语中。
pitch:常用于垒球比赛中,意为将球等轻的东西仔细而瞄准地抛掷;
3.assure/ensure/insure/reassure 保证
assure:指消除某人思想上的怀疑或担心,assure sb. of/that;
ensure:指采取必要的措施确保某事的发生,也可指使人相信某种行为或力量产生的结果,ensure sb. sth./ensure that;
reassure:使某人放心,使某人恢复信心。
insure:指经济方面的保证或保险,insure sth. against…;
4.twist/distort/turn/wring扭曲,转动
twist:使某物缠绕或盘绕在另一物体上,捻或搓成绳状,或使某物扭曲变形,也指身体部位被扭伤,还可引申为误解、歪曲;
distort:通过改变某物形状、外形或声音使其变得有点奇怪或不清楚,也可指歪曲某一事实或观点;
wring:指拧出衣服等中的水,或拧某人或某物的脖子将其杀死。
turn:指做圆周运动或沿圆的弧形转动,也可指身体部位被扭伤;
5.gather/collect/assemble聚集,收集
gather:vt.强调把广泛散布的东西集拢到一起这个动作,或采集植物、水果等,当用于人或动物时,暗示一定程度的必要性和强制性。vi.强调一种自发或任意集合成群的过程;
collect:vt.指在收集过程中区分、挑选并整理,还表示收款,(使)镇静,集中思想等。vi.与gather换用,但强调逐渐积累的过程,常是一个一个、一点一点地聚集;
assemble:指人们为某一共同目的而集聚,不一定是预先安排的集会,也可指装配机器部件。
6.break/tear/rip/split/crack弄破
break:指猛然用力将坚硬之物打破或损坏;
tear:指有意或无意将布或纸等无接缝的材料撕开,可引申为伤某人的心、拆除等;
split:非正式用词,指有力的切断、劈开或撕裂的动作;
crack:指因长期使用或经受压力物体表面呈现裂纹或裂口,但一般没有变成碎片。
rip指用力把布料等物撕开,也指用粗暴手段把某物撕裂;
7.forsake/abandon/desert
forsake:割断与某人在感情上的依恋,抛弃以往所爱之人或物;
abandon:完全或永远地离弃,可能是一种自愿、被迫或逃避责任的行为;
desert:违背诺言、保证或放弃自己的职守岗位,含有道德上不认可或违反法律的意味。
8.ignore/neglect/overlook忽视,忽略
ignore:主观上对某些显而易见的事物不顾或不理;
overlook:由于粗心或放任而没看出来或采取行动。
neglect:对应该注意的事物没有给予足够的关注,常指无意识的忽视或忽略;
Ⅰ.Key phrases & Key words
para1-10
1.humiliating:making sb feel ashamed;embarrassing;mortifying.丢脸的;羞辱的(原型humiliate)
2.allegiance:loyalty(指对政党,宗教,统治者的忠诚)
3.proceeding toward a conclusion:in the process to coming a conclusion
4.subject sth/sb to sth:to cause sb to undergo unpleasant or difficult for a long time使服从;使遭受;受……管制
5.be descended from sb:to be related to sb who lived a long time ago.为……的后裔;是……的后人
6.have not scrupled to do sth:不会因为困难或者尴尬而犹豫做某事
7.brood over:沮丧地苦想
8.take revenge:to punish sb who has harmed you 报复
8.take revenge:to punish sb who has harmed you 报复
9.render sb troublesome:给某人添麻烦
10.inflict on sb:使遭受;使承受
para11-18
1. get anywhere/ get somewhere 有所进展;
2. get nowhere 无所进展
3. talk sb out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事
4. talk sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事
5. come into view 看得见
6. wriggle one's way out of the crowd 慢慢挤出人群
7. wriggle out of sth./out of doing sth逃避做某事
8. chime in(with sth) 插嘴,打断谈话
9. chime (in) with sth与…一致
para19-25
1. jet-black 乌黑发亮的
2. wring sth. from/out of sth. 从...处费力弄到
3. wring sb's neck (表示愤怒)非拧死某人不可
4. wing one's hands(焦虑或烦恼)扭绞双手
5. wing sb's hand(握手时)攥紧手
6. attend to sb/sth. 处理,对付;关照,关怀
7. talk sense 说话有道理
8. talk nonsense 胡说八道
9. talk big 吹牛
10. be bustling with sth. 忙于某事
11. run errands 跑腿trail off 声音逐渐减小
out of one's hair 不打扰某人