导图社区 专升本-定语从句考点
梅姐+田刚 定语从句
1. 分类
限定性定语从句
9个关系词
关系代词
that,which,who,whom,whose,as
关系副词
when,where,why
非限定性定语从句
7个关系词(除过that,why)
句子完整五类
主语+vi
主语+vi+介词+宾语
主语+vt+宾语
主语+系动词+表语
主语+be done(被动)
vi 不及物 vt及物
i love you 关系代词+不完整句子
i really love you 关系副词+完整句子
2. 如何判定介词
1. 看从句谓语/动词短语(固定搭配)
take with
和……交谈
take to
向……打招呼
take about
谈论……
live in
居住在……
depend on
依靠……
be kind to
善待……
pay for
支付……
learn from
向……学习
learn about
学习……
move to
搬到……
2. 看先行词
I still remember the day in which you wore your pink dress
I still remember the day when you wore your pink dress
我还记得你穿粉红色连衣裙的那一天
介词+关代(which/whom)≈关副
3. 各个关系词的用法
whose+n=the+名词+of which/whom
3. 只用that情况
1. 在There be句型中
2. 有不定代词:everything /anything /nothing/the one/all /next/only/much /little/few 等修饰的时候
3. 当先行词前面有the only,the very等修饰时,只能用关系代词that。
4. 先行词有序数词、数词、形容词最高级修饰时,关系词只能用that。
5. 当先行词既有人又有物时,只能用关系代词that。
4. 只用which情况
1. 非限制性定语从句
2. 介词之后
但状从—
in that=because 因为
now that=since 既然,由于
5. as的用法
1. 在限定从句
such……as,so……as,the same……as,as……as
从句不完整选as
such……that,so……that
状语从句——从句完整选that
2. 在非限定从句
as sb know/hope/expect/imagine/say/mention
as is known to all……
众所周知……
As is often the case
通常情况下
As is natural……
很自然……
As is pointed out……
正如所指出的……
As is mentioned……
如前所述……
As has been announced……
正如已经宣布的……
As can be seen ……
正如可以看到的……
6. 特殊情况
1. 特殊情况:the way做先行词,后接定语从句-
I don't like the way(不填) you say to me
我不喜欢你对我说话的方式
I don't like the way that you say to me
I don't like the way in which you say to me
各个关系副词:when/where/why
2. the reason (why+完整句子) is /was that……的原因是
The reason why he was late was that he got up late. 他迟到的原因是他起晚了。
3. 各个关系副词:when/where/why——与that之间的选择,看从句是否完整就可以
7. what引导的名词性从句与定语从句关系
1. 框框 前无先行词,后面句子不完整选what
1. what名从——无先行词
This is the reason why he didn't come to school
这就是他没来上学的原因
This is the reason which he tell me
这就是他告诉我的原因
This is what he tell me
这是他告诉我的
2. 定从——必有先行词
2. what不可以引导定从,但可转化定从
what=all that=先行词(n/代词)+关代
8. 定语从句与同位语从句
1. 看名词是否为抽象名词
fact、truch、news,word,idea,thought,hope,information,belief,promise,evidence,conclusion,suggestion,advice,decision,order,command,request,sight
事实、真相、消息、信息、想法、思想、希望、信息、信念、承诺、证据、结论、建议、建议、决定、命令、命令、请求,景象
2. 从句完整
①The news that he told me is true. (定语从句)
他告诉我的消息是真的。
②The news that he has just died is true. (同位语从句)
他刚去世的消息是真的
9. 定语从句与主谓一致
1. one of+名词复数+谓语单数
2. one of+名词复数+关系代词+谓语复数
3. The only/very of名词复数+关系代词+谓语单数
4. The only/very one of名词复数+关系代词+谓语单数
10. 定语从句与强调句
1. It is/was +被强调部分+that/who/whom+剩余部分
做题技巧:去掉框架看是否完整,若完整则为强调句
1. He gives me two apples
2. It is he that/who gives me two apples
3. It is me that/whom he gives two apples
4. It is two apples that he gives me
2. Not……until的强调
I didn't know the truth until she told me the news
直到她告诉我这个消息,我才知道真相
Not nutilI she told me the news, did I know the truth
It was not nutilI she told me the news that I knew the truth.
强调句子:只强调从句,不强调主句