复合句

英语复合句往往是同学们比较头痛的一个语法点,很多学生一看到复合句就一个头两个大。但是,只要同学们对复合句有了正确的理解,再复杂的句子也不怕！英语从句中的各种从句思维导图总结，这样思维更清晰哦！

从句

• 名词从句
  • 主语从句
    • 陈述句做主语从句
      • eg：That the seas are being overfished has been known for years.
        • 1、It is+过去分词+that从句
        • 2、It is+形容词+that从句
        • 3、It is+名词短语+that从句
    • 一般疑问句做主语从句
      • eg：Whether he will come to my party makes no difference to me.
    • 特殊疑问句做主语从句
      • eg：Why dinosaurs became extinct is still a mystery.
  • 宾语从句
    • 陈述句做宾语从句
      • eg：I've learned that love, not time heals all wounds.
    • 一般疑问句做宾语从句
      • eg：I don't know whether he needs my help.
    • 特殊疑问句做宾语从句
      • eg：I have not decided whom I should vote for.
  • 表语从句
    • 陈述句做表语从句
      • eg：My idea is that the child should be sent to school.
    • 一般疑问句做表语从句
      • eg：My concern is whether he comes or not.
    • 特殊疑问句做表语从句
      • eg：Money is what we are badly in need of.
  • 同位语从句
    • 陈述句做同位语从句
      • eg：The fact that he succeed in the experiment pleased everybody.
    • 一般疑问句做同位语从句
      • eg：They are faced with the problem whether they should continue to work.
    • 特殊疑问句做同位语从句
      • eg：The question who should go abroad on this business tour requires consideration.
• 定语从句
  • 限制性定语从句
    • eg：I don't like people who are never on time.
  • 非限制性定语从句
    • 1、专有名词
      • My mother, who is 50 this year, lives with me now.
    • 2、类指名词
      • An elephant, which is the earth's largest land mammal, has few natural enemies other than human beings.
• 状语从句
  • 时间状语从句
    • 时间连词when的用法
      • 1、主句一般过去时+从句一般过去时
        • eg：I started my dinner when he left.他走了之后，我才开始吃晚饭
      • 2、主句一般过去时+从句过去完成时
        • eg：I started my dinner when he had left.更加强调从句动作先发生，意思与上句差别不大。
          • 1、主句一般过去时+从句过去进行时
            • eg：The doorbell rang when I was telephoning.
          • 2、主句过去进行时+从句一般过去时
            • eg：I was telephoning when the doorbell rang.
          • 3、主句一般将来时+从句一般现在时
            • eg：I’ll speak to him when he arrives.
    • • 时间连词while的用法
        • 从句谓语动词通常是延续动词
          • eg：The phone rang while I was taking my bath.
    • 时间连词until的用法特点
      • 1、延续动词+until+短暂动词或时间点
        • 当主句或者句子的谓语动词是延续动词时，通常用肯定形式。until的后面若接从句，则从句的谓语动词必定是短暂动词或接表示时间点的名词短语
          • eg：Wait until he comes back.
        • until还可以做介词，后面接时间点
          • eg：I will be away from my office until next Tuesday.
      • 2、短暂动词+until+短暂动词或时间点
        • 若主句的谓语动词是短暂动词，则要用否定形式。 表示：not……until直到……才
          • eg：He didn’t leave the office until his boss came back.
    • 表示“一……就……”结构
      • 1、从句动作先于主句动作
        • eg：as soon as, once, the minute, the moment, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly等
          • eg：We will leave as soon as it stops raining.
      • 2、主句动作先于从句动作
        • eg：No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.
  • 地点状语从句
    • 地点状语从句通常由where引导
      • eg：A driver should slow down where there are schools.
    • 地点状语从句若放在句首，在翻译时往往失去地点的含义。
      • eg：Where there is a will, there is a way.
  • 原因状语从句
    • because语气最强
      • eg：My friends dislike me because I'm handsome and successful.
    • since表示已知的事实，翻译为“既然”通常放在句首
      • eg：Since we don't have class tomorrow, why not go out fo a picnic？
    • as与since的用法差不多，所引出的理由在说话人看来很明显
      • eg：As Monday is a national holiday, all government offices will be closed.
    • for表示推断的理由，是对前面分句的内容加以解释或说明
      • eg：It rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning.
  • 目的状语从句
    • 目的状语一般位于主句之前
      • eg：I turned out the TV in order that my roomate could study in peace and quiet.
      • eg：When I was a child, I would take a flashlight to bed with me so that I could read comic books without my parent's knowingabout it.
    • 目的状语位于主句之后
      • eg：In order that my roommate could study in peace and quiet, I turned off the TV.
  • 结果状语从句
    • 连词so……that的用法
      • 接形容词
        • eg：I was so late that I didn't have time to get on it.
      • 接副词
        • eg：The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied the languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Bias and Sapir of fabricating their data.
    • 连词such ……that的用法
      • such后面接名词
        • eg：He is such a good teacher that everyone likes him.
    • 结果状语从句的倒装
      • such/so……that引导结果状语从句，为了强调，可以将主句中的so 或such引导的部分置于句首从而构成倒装。
        • eg：So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.
  • 条件状语从句
    • unless
    • suppose that, supposing that, providing/provided that,so long as, as long as, on condition that等
  • 让步状语从句
    • as引导的倒装句位于句首
      • 形容词提至句首
        • eg：Young as he is he is knowledgeable.
      • 副词提至句首
        • eg：Much as I respect him, I can't agree with him.
      • 分词提至句首
        • eg：Praised as he was, he remained modest.
      • 名词提至句首
        • eg：Child as he is he is knowledgeable.
  • 比较状语从句
    • 连词as的基本用法
      • 1、as+形容词或副词+as
        • eg：The work is not as difficult as you think.
      • 2、as+形容词+a（n）+可数名词单数+as
        • eg：Americans tend to think from small to large.Let us take as simple an example as the addressing of envelops.
      • 3、在否定句中，第一个as可用so代替
        • eg：This room is not so large as the one we saw yesterday.
      • 4、为了保持句子平衡，从句还可以用倒装结构
        • eg：Small it is, the ant is as much a creature as are all other animals on the earth. as……as+助动词+主语
    • 连词than的基本用法
      • 1、可比性问题
        • 指两个同类事物才能比较。 eg：He is taller than I （am）.
      • 2、比较形式问题
        • 在有than的比较句子里，主句中必须有比较形式出现。
      • 3、为了保持句子平衡，从句还可以用全部或部分倒装
        • 结构为：than+助动词+主语 eg：On the whole, ambitious students are more likely to succeed in their studies than are those with little ambition. than are those with little ambition.是一个倒装结构，主语是those with little ambition.
    • 表示倍数的三种句型
      • “倍数+比较级”结构
        • eg：A is three times bigger（或其他形容词的比较级） than B.
      • “倍数+as……as”结构
        • eg：A is three times as big （或其他形容词的原级）as B.
      • “倍数+名词”结构
        • eg：A is three times the size （或其他形容词对应的名词形式）of B.
    • the more……the more句型
      • 正确使用该句型的核心：比较级部分都必须在各自引导的分句中充当一定的成分。
  • 方式状语从句
    • as, like , as if, as though, the way