导图社区 SpringCloud
这是一篇关于SpringCloud的思维导图。Spring Cloud 为最常见的分布式系统模式提供了一种简单且易于接受的编程模型,帮助开发人员构建有弹性的、可靠的、协调的应用程序。
编辑于2021-05-23 00:35:49SpringCloud 第二季
1.微服务架构零基础理论入门(小白必看)
零基础小白,2020.1春节期间预习过第一季的,理解微服务概念的可以不看
理论介绍见<<微服务架构2020.pptx>>
回顾2018年第一季SpringCloud版本
别再用了
2.从2.2.x和H版开始说起
本次的SpringCloud第二季分为上半场和下半场
上篇
SpringBoot2.X版和SpringCloud H版
下篇
SpringCloud Alibaba
大纲
Springboot版本选择
git源码地址:
https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/releases/
SpringBoot2.0新特性:
https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/wiki/Spring-Boot-2.0-Release-Notes
通过上面官网发现,Boot官方强烈建议你升级到2.X以上版本
官网看Boot版本
springboot(截至2019.10.26)
springboot(截至2020.2.15)
SpringCloud版本选择
git源码地址
https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-cloud/wiki
官网:
https://spring.io/projects/spring-cloud
官网看Cloud版本
Cloud命名规则
SpringCloud的多版本
springcloud(截至2019.10.26)
springboot(截至2020.2.15)
SpringCloud和Springboot之间的依赖关系如何看
https://spring.io/projects/spring-cloud#overview
依赖
更详细的版本对应查看方法
https://start.spring.io/actuator/info
结果
查看json串返回结果
SpringCloud第二季定稿版(截止2020.2.15)
cloud
Hoxton.SR1
boot
2.2.2.RELEASE
cloud Alibaba
2.1.0.RELEASE
java
JAVA8
maven
3.5及以上
mysql
5.7及以上
不许捣蛋,上述全部版本必须和阳哥一致
题外话
boot版已经到2.2.4为最新,为什么选2.2.2?
只用boot,直接用最新
子主题
同时用boot和cloud,需要照顾cloud,由cloud决定boot版本
结果
SpringCloud和SpringBoot版本对应关系
2.X版本常用的组件pom
3.关于Cloud各种组件的停更/升级/替换
由停更引发的“升级惨案”
停更不停用
被动修复bugs
不再接受合并请求
不再发布新版本
补充,哈哈
停课不停学
明细条目
以前
now2020
参考资料见官网
Spring Cloud
https://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/Hoxton.SR1/reference/htmlsingle/
Spring Cloud中文文档
https://www.bookstack.cn/read/spring-cloud-docs/docs-index.md
Spring Boot
https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.2.2.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/
4.微服务架构编码构建
约定 > 配置 > 编码
IDEA新建project工作空间
微服务cloud整体聚合父工程Project
父工程步骤
1.New Project
2.聚合总工程名字
3.Maven选版本
4.工程名字
5.字符编码
6.注解生效激活
7.java编译版本选8
8.File Type过滤
*.hprof;*.idea;*.iml;*.pyc;*.pyo;*.rbc;*.yarb;*~;.DS_Store;.git;.hg;.svn;CVS;__pycache__;_svn;vssver.scc;vssver2.scc;
父工程POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>pom</packaging> <!-- 统一管理jar包版本 --> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <junit.version>4.12</junit.version> <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version> <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version> <mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version> <druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version> <mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.version> </properties> <!-- 子模块继承之后,提供作用:锁定版本+子modlue不用写groupId和version --> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <!--spring boot 2.2.2--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId> <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <!--spring cloud Hoxton.SR1--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>Hoxton.SR1</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <!--spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId> <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>${druid.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>${junit.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>${lombok.version}</version> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <fork>true</fork> <addResources>true</addResources> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build></project>
解决maven下载不了jar的问题请复制这个链接到浏览器自行解决:
https://blog.csdn.net/HeyWeCome/article/details/104543411
Maven工程落地细节复习
Maven中的dependencyManagement和dependencies
maven中跳过单元测试
父工程创建完成执行mvn:install将父工程发布到仓库方便子工程继承
Rest微服务工程构建
构建步骤
1.cloud-provider-payment8001微服务提供者支付Module模块
建cloud-provider-payment8001
创建完成后请回到父工程查看pom文件变化
改POM文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8001</artifactId> <dependencies> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/druid --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.1.10</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-jdbc --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok --> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-test --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
写YML
server: port: 8001spring: application: name: cloud-payment-service datasource: type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2019?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false username: root password: 123456mybatis: mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml type-aliases-package: com.atguigu.springcloud.entities
主启动
业务类
1.建表SQL
CREATE TABLE payment ( id BIGINT(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT ID, 'serial' VARCHAR(200) DEFAULT, PRIMARY KEY(id)) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
2.entitles
主实体Payment
package com.atguigu.springcloud.entities;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;import lombok.Data;import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;import java.io.Serializable;@Data@AllArgsConstructor@NoArgsConstructorpublic class Payment implements Serializable { private Long id; private String serial;}
Json封装体CommonResult
package com.atguigu.springcloud.entities;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;import lombok.Data;import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;@Data@AllArgsConstructor@NoArgsConstructorpublic class CommonResult <T>{ private Integer code; private String message; private T data; public CommonResult(Integer code,String message){ this(code,message,null); }}
3.dao
接口PaymentDao
mybatis的映射文件PaymentMapper.xml
路径
src\main\resources\mapper\PaymentMapper.xml
文件头
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"><mapper namespace="com.atguigu.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao"></mapper>
PaymentMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"><mapper namespace="com.atguigu.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao"> <insert id="create" parameterType="Payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id"> insert into payment(serial) values(${serial}); </insert> <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment"> <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"></id> <id column="serial" property="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR"></id> </resultMap> <select id="getPaymentById" parameterType="Long" resultMap="BaseResultMap"> select * from payment where id=#{id} </select></mapper>
4.service
接口PaymentService
package com.atguigu.springcloud.service;import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;public interface PaymentService { public int create(Payment payment); //写 public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id); //读取}
实现类
package com.atguigu.springcloud.service.impl;import com.atguigu.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao;import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.PaymentService;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import javax.annotation.Resource;@Servicepublic class PaymentServiceImpl implements PaymentService { @Resource private PaymentDao paymentDao; public int create(Payment payment){ return paymentDao.create(payment); } public Payment getPaymentById( Long id){ return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id); }}
5.controller
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.PaymentService;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import javax.annotation.Resource;@RestController@Slf4jpublic class PaymentController { @Resource private PaymentService paymentService; @PostMapping(value = "/payment/create") public CommonResult create(Payment payment){ int result = paymentService.create(payment); log.info("*****插入结果:"+result); if (result>0){ //成功 return new CommonResult(200,"插入数据库成功",result); }else { return new CommonResult(444,"插入数据库失败",null); } } @GetMapping(value = "/payment/get/{id}") public CommonResult getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id){ Payment payment = paymentService.getPaymentById(id); log.info("*****查询结果:"+payment); if (payment!=null){ //说明有数据,能查询成功 return new CommonResult(200,"查询成功",payment); }else { return new CommonResult(444,"没有对应记录,查询ID:"+id,null); } }}
测试
http://localhost:8001/payment/get/31
postman模拟post
运行
通过修改idea的workpace.xml的方式来快速打开Run DashBoard窗口
开启Run DashBoard
填入以下内容:<option name="configurationTypes"> <set> <option value="SpringBootApplicationConfigurationType" /> </set> </option>
部分同学可能由于idea版本不同,需要关闭重启
小总结
1.建module
2.改POM
3.写YML
4.主启动
5.业务类
2.热部署Devtools
1.Adding devtools to your project
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools --><dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional></dependency>
2.Adding plugin to your pom.xml
下一段配置黏贴到父工程当中的pom里<build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <fork>true</fork> <addResources>true</addResources> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins></build>
3.Enabling automatic build
4.Update the value of
5.重启IDEA
3.cloud-consumer-order80微服务消费者订单Module模块
建cloud-consumer-order80
改POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-consumer-order80</artifactId> <dependencies> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok --> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-test --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
写YML
server: port: 80
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplicationpublic class OrderMain80 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderMain80.class,args); }}
业务类
创建entities(将cloud-provider-payment8001工程下的entities包下的两个实体类复制过来)
首说RestTemplate
是什么
官网及使用
官网地址:https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/5.2.2.RELEASE/javadoc-api/org/springframework/web/client/RestTemplate.html
config配置类
ApplicationContextConfig
package com.atguigu.springcloud.config;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;@Configurationpublic class ApplicationContextConfig { @Bean public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){ return new RestTemplate(); }}
创建controller
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;import javax.annotation.Resource;@RestController@Slf4jpublic class OrderController { public static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://localhost:8001"; @Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate; @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/create") public CommonResult<Payment> create(Payment payment){ return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/create",payment,CommonResult.class); //写操作 } @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}") public CommonResult<Payment> getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Long id){ return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/get/"+id,CommonResult.class); }}
测试
先启动cloud-provider-payment8001
再启动cloud-consumer-order80
http://localhost/consumer/payment/get/32
不要忘记@RequestBody注解
4.工程重构
观察问题
系统中有重复部分,重构
新建
cloud-api-commons
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <dependencies> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/cn.hutool/hutool-all --> <dependency> <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId> <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId> <version>5.1.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
entities
Payment实体
CommonResult通用封装类
maven命令clean install
订单80和支付8001分别改造
删除各自的原先有过的entities文件夹
各自黏贴POM内容
<dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version></dependency>
80
8001
目前工程样图
5.Eureka服务注册与发现
Eureka基础知识
什么是服务治理
什么是服务注册
Eureka两组件
单机Eureka构建步骤
IDEA生成eurekaServer端服务注册中心类似物业公司
建Module
cloud-eureka-server7001
改POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-eureka-server7001</artifactId> <dependencies> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok --> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-test --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
1.X和2.X的对比说明
写YML
server: port: 7001eureka: instance: hostname: localhost #eureka服务端的实例名字 client: register-with-eureka: false #表识不向注册中心注册自己 fetch-registry: false #表示自己就是注册中心,职责是维护服务实例,并不需要去检索服务 service-url: defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/ #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;@EnableEurekaServer@SpringBootApplicationpublic class EurekaMain7001 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(EurekaMain7001.class,args); }}
@EnableEurekaServer
测试
http://localhost:7001/
结果页面
EurekaClient端cloud-provider-payment8001将注册进EurekaServer成为服务提供者provider,类似尚硅谷学校对外提供授课服务
cloud-provider-payment8001
改POM
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency>
1.X和2.X的对比说明
写YML
eureka: client: register-with-eureka: true fetchRegistry: true service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;@EnableEurekaClient@SpringBootApplicationpublic class PaymentMain8001 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class,args); }}
@EnableEurekaClient
测试
先要启动EurekaServer
http://localhost:7001/
微服务注册名配置说明
自我保护机制
EurekaClient端cloud-consumer-order80将注册进EurekaServer成为服务消费者consumer,类似来尚硅谷上课消费的各位同学
cloud-consumer-order80
POM
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency>
写YML
spring: application: name: cloud-order-serviceeureka: client: register-with-eureka: true fetchRegistry: true service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;@EnableEurekaClient@SpringBootApplicationpublic class PaymentMain8001 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class,args); }}
@EnableEurekaClient
测试
先要启动EurekaServer,7001服务
再要启动服务提供者provider,8001服务
eureka服务器
http://localhost/consumer/payment/get/31
bug
集群Eureka构建步骤
Eureka集群原理说明
解决办法:搭建Eureka注册中心集群,实现负载均衡+故障容错
EurekaServer集群环境构建步骤
参考cloud-eureka-server7001
新建cloud-eureka-server7002
改POM
修改映射配置
找到C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc路径下的hosts文件
子主题
修改映射配置添加进hosts文件
127.0.0.1 eureka7001.com
127.0.0.1 eureka7002.com
写YML(以前单机)
7001
server: port: 7001eureka: instance: hostname: eureka7001.com #eureka服务端的实例名字 client: register-with-eureka: false #表识不向注册中心注册自己 fetch-registry: false #表示自己就是注册中心,职责是维护服务实例,并不需要去检索服务 service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/ #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址
7002
server: port: 7002eureka: instance: hostname: eureka7002.com #eureka服务端的实例名字 client: register-with-eureka: false #表识不向注册中心注册自己 fetch-registry: false #表示自己就是注册中心,职责是维护服务实例,并不需要去检索服务 service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/ #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址
主启动(复制cloud-eureka-server7001的主启动类到7002即可)
将支付服务8001微服务发布到上面2台Eureka集群配置中
YML
service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka #集群版
将订单服务80微服务发布到上面2台Eureka集群配置中
YML
service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka #集群版
测试01
先要启动EurekaServer,7001/7002服务
再要启动服务提供者provider,8001服务
再要启动消费者,80
http://localhost/consumer/payment/get/31
支付服务提供者8001集群环境构建
参考cloud-provider-payment8001
新建cloud-provider-payment8002
改POM
写YML
7001
server: port: 7001eureka: instance: hostname: eureka7001.com #eureka服务端的实例名字 client: register-with-eureka: false #表识不向注册中心注册自己 fetch-registry: false #表示自己就是注册中心,职责是维护服务实例,并不需要去检索服务 service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/ #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址
7002
server: port: 7002eureka: instance: hostname: eureka7002.com #eureka服务端的实例名字 client: register-with-eureka: false #表识不向注册中心注册自己 fetch-registry: false #表示自己就是注册中心,职责是维护服务实例,并不需要去检索服务 service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/ #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址
主启动类
找到C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc路径下的hosts文件
子主题
修改映射配置添加进hosts文件
127.0.0.1 eureka7001.com
127.0.0.1 eureka7002.com
修改8001/8002的Controller
8001
8002
负载均衡
bug
订单服务访问地址不能写死
改为这个:public static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE";
使用@LoadBalanced注解赋予RestTemplate负载均衡的能力
ApplicationContextBean
提前说一下Ribbon的负载均衡功能
测试02
先要启动EurekaServer,7001/7002服务
再要启动服务提供者provider,8001/8002服务
http://localhost/consumer/payment/get/31
结果
负载均衡效果达到
8001/8002端口交替出现
Ribbon和Eureka整合后Consumer可以直接调用服务而不用再关心地址和端口号,且该服务还有负载功能了
actuator微服务信息完善
主机名称:服务名称修改
当前问题
修改cloud-provider-payment8001
YML
修改部分
instance: instance-id: payment8001
完整部分
修改之后
访问信息有ip信息提示
当前问题
没有ip提示
修改cloud-provider-payment8001
YML
修改部分
prefer-ip-address: true
完整内容
eureka: client: register-with-eureka: true fetchRegistry: true service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka #集群版 instance: instance-id: payment8001 prefer-ip-address: true
修改之后
服务发现Discovery
对于注册进eureka里面的微服务,可以通过服务发现来获得该服务的信息
修改cloud-provider-payment8001的Controller
@Resourceprivate DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;@GetMapping(value = "/payment/discovery")public Object discovery(){ List<String> services = discoveryClient.getServices(); for (String element : services) { log.info("***** element:"+element); } List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE"); for (ServiceInstance instance : instances) { log.info(instance.getServiceId()+"\t"+instance.getHost()+"\t"+instance.getPort()+"\t"+instance.getUri()); } return this.discoveryClient;}
8001主启动类
@EnableDiscoveryClient
自测
先要启动EurekaServer,7001/7002服务
再启动8001主启动类,需要稍等一会
http://localhost:8001/payment/discovery
Eureka自我保护
故障现象
导致原因
一句话:某时刻某一个微服务不可用了,Eureka不会立刻清理,依旧会对该微服务的信息进行保存
属于CAP里面的AP分支
怎么禁止自我保护(一般生产环境中不会禁止自我保护)
注册中心eureakeServer端7001
出厂默认,自我保护机制是开启的
eureka.server.enable-self-preservation = true
使用eureka.server.enable-self-preservation = false可以禁用自我保护模式
server: enable-self-preservation: false eviction-interval-timer-in-ms: 2000
关闭效果
在eurekaServer端7001处设置关闭自我保护机制
生产者客户端eureakeClient端8001
默认
eureka.instance.lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds=30
单位为秒(默认是30秒)
eureka.instance.lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds=90
单位为秒(默认是90秒)
配置
instance: lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 1 lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 2
测试
7001和8001都配置完成
先启动7001再启动8001
先关闭8001
马上被删除了
6.Zookeeper服务注册与发现
Eureka停止更新了你怎么办
https://github.com/Netflix/eureka/wiki
SpringCloud整合Zookeeper代替Eureka
注册中心Zookeeper
zookeeper是一个分布式协调工具,可以实现注册中心功能
关闭Linux服务器防火墙后启动zookeeper服务器
zookeeper服务器取代Eureka服务器,zk作为服务注册中心
服务提供者
新建cloud-provider-payment8004
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8004</artifactId> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok --> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-test --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
YML
server: port: 8004spring: application: name: cloud-provider-payment cloud: zookeeper: connect-string: 192.168.136.140:2181
主启动类
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;@SpringBootApplication@EnableDiscoveryClientpublic class PaymentMain8004 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8004.class,args); }}
Controller
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.UUID;@RestController@Slf4jpublic class PaymentController { @Value("${server.port}") private String serverPort; @GetMapping(value = "/payment/zk") public String paymentzk(){ return "springcloud with zookeeper:"+serverPort+"\t"+ UUID.randomUUID().toString(); }}
启动8004注册进zookeeper
启动后问题
why
解决zookeeper版本jar包冲突问题
排出zk冲突后的新POM
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery</artifactId> <!--排除zk3.5.3--> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId> <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <!--添加zk 3.4,9版本--> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.zookeeper/zookeeper --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId> <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId> <version>3.4.9</version> </dependency>
验证测试
http://localhost:8004/payment/zk
验证测试2
获得json串后用在线工具查看试试
思考
服务节点是临时节点还是持久节点
是临时节点
服务消费者
新建cloud-consumerzk-order80
POM
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok --> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-test --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies>
YML
server: port: 80spring: application: name: cloud-consumer-order cloud: zookeeper: connect-string: 192.168.136.140:2181
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;@SpringBootApplication@EnableDiscoveryClientpublic class OrderZKMain80 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderZKMain80.class,args); }}
业务类
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.UUID;@RestController@Slf4jpublic class PaymentController { @Value("${server.port}") private String serverPort; @GetMapping(value = "/payment/zk") public String paymentzk(){ return "springcloud with zookeeper:"+serverPort+"\t"+ UUID.randomUUID().toString(); }}
配置Bean
package com.atguigu.springcloud.config;import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;@Configurationpublic class ApplicationContextConfig { @LoadBalanced @Bean public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){ return new RestTemplate(); }}
Controller
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;import javax.annotation.Resource;@RestController@Slf4jpublic class OrderZKController { public static final String INVOME_URL = "http://cloud-provider-payment"; @Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate; @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/zk") public String payment (){ String result = restTemplate.getForObject(INVOME_URL+"/payment/zk",String.class); return result; }}
启动8004注册进zookeeper
启动后问题
why
解决zookeeper版本jar包冲突问题
排出zk冲突后的新POM
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery</artifactId> <!--排除zk3.5.3--> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId> <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <!--添加zk 3.4,9版本--> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.zookeeper/zookeeper --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId> <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId> <version>3.4.9</version> </dependency>
验证测试
http://localhost:8004/payment/zk
访问测试地址
http://localhost/consumer/payment/zk
7.Consul服务注册与发现
Consul简介
是什么
https://www.consul.io/intro/index.html
能干嘛
Spring Cloud Consul具有如下特性:
服务发现
提供HTTP和DNS两种发现方式
健康监测
支持多种协议,HTTP、TCP、Docker、Shell脚本定制化
KV存储
key , Value的存储方式
多数据中心
Consul支持多数据中心
可视化Web界面
去哪下
https://www.consul.io/downloads.html
怎么玩
https://www.springcloud.cc/spring-cloud-consul.html
安装并运行Consul
官网安装说明
https://learn.hashicorp.com/consul/getting-started/install.html
下载完成后只有一个consul.exe文件,硬盘路径下双击运行,查看版本信息
使用开发模式启动
consul agent -dev
通过以下地址可以访问Consul的首页:http;//localhost:8500
结果页面
服务提供者
新建Module支付服务provider8006
cloud-providerconsul-payment8006
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-providerconsul-payment8006</artifactId> <dependencies> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok --> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-test --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
YML
server: port: 8006spring: application: name: consul-provider-payment cloud: consul: host: localhost port: 8500 discovery: service-name: ${spring.application.name}
主启动类
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;@SpringBootApplication@EnableDiscoveryClientpublic class PaymentMain8006 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8006.class,args); }}
业务类Controller
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.UUID;@RestController@Slf4jpublic class PaymentController { @Value("${server.port}") private String serverPort; @GetMapping(value = "/payment/consul") public String paymentConsul(){ return "springcloud with consul: "+serverPort+"\t"+ UUID.randomUUID().toString(); }}
验证测试
http://localhost:8006/payment/consul
服务消费者
新建Module消费服务order8006
cloud-consumerconsul-order80
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-consumerconsul-order80</artifactId> <dependencies> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok --> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-test --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
YML
server: port: 80spring: application: name: consul-consumer-order cloud: consul: host: localhost port: 8500 discovery: service-name: ${spring.application.name}
主启动类
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;@SpringBootApplication@EnableDiscoveryClientpublic class OrderConsulMain80 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderConsulMain80.class,args); }}
配置Bean
package com.atguigu.springcloud.config;import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;@Configurationpublic class ApplicationContextConfig { @LoadBalanced @Bean public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){ return new RestTemplate(); }}
Controller
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;import javax.annotation.Resource;@RestController@Slf4jpublic class OrderConsulController { public static final String INVOME_URL = "http://consul-provider-payment"; @Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate; @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/consul") public String payment (){ String result = restTemplate.getForObject(INVOME_URL+"/payment/consul",String.class); return result; }}
验证测试
访问测试地址
http://localhost/consumer/payment/consul
三个注册中心异同点
CAP
C:Consistency(强一致性)
A:Availability(可用性)
P:Partition tolerance(分区容错)
CAP理论关注粒度是数据,而不是整体系统设计的策略
经典CAP图
AP(Eureka)
CP(Zookeeper/Consul)
8.Ribbon负载均衡服务调用
概述
是什么
官网资料
https://github.com/Netflix/ribbon/wiki/Getting-Started
Ribbon目前也进入维护模式
未来替换方案
能干嘛
LB(负载均衡)
集中式LB
进程内LB
前面我们讲解过了80通过轮询负载访问8001/8002
一句话
负载均衡+RestTemplate调用
Ribbon负载均衡演示
架构说明
总结:Ribbon其实就是一个软负载均衡的客户端组件,他可以和其他所需请求的客户端结合使用,和eureka结合只是其中的一个实例。
POM
二说RestTemplate的使用
官网
https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/5.2.2.RELEASE/javadoc-api/org/springframework/web/client/RestTemplate.html
getForObject方法/getForEntity方法
postForObject/postForEntity
GET请求方法
POST请求方法
Ribbon核心组件IRule
IRule:根据特定算法从服务列表中选取一个要访问的服务
com.netflix.loadbalancer.RoundRobinRule
轮询
com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule
随机
com.netflix.loadbalancer.RetryRule
先按照RoundRobinRule的策略获取服务,如果获取服务失败则在指定时间内会进行重试
WeightedResponseTimeRule
对RoundRobinRule的扩展,响应速度越快的实例选择权重越大,越容易被选择
BestAvailableRule
会先过滤掉由于多次访问故障而处于断路器跳闸状态的服务,然后选择一个并发量最小的服务
AvailabilityFilteringRule
先过滤掉故障实例,再选择并发较小的实例
ZoneAvoidanceRule
默认规则,复合判断server所在区域的性能和server的可用性选择服务器
如何替换
修改cloud-consumer-order80
注意配置细节
新建package
com.atguigu.myrule
上面包下新建MySelfRule规则类
package com.atguigu.myrule;import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule;import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configurationpublic class MySelfRule { @Bean public IRule myRule(){ return new RandomRule();//定义为随机 }}
主启动类添加@RibbonClient
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import com.atguigu.myrule.MySelfRule;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonClient;@EnableEurekaClient@SpringBootApplication@RibbonClient(name = "CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE",configuration = MySelfRule.class)public class OrderMain80 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderMain80.class,args); }}
测试
http://localhost/consumer/payment/get/31
Ribbon负载均衡算法
原理
RoundRobinRule源码
手写
自己试着写一个本地负载均衡器试试
7001/7002集群启动
8001/8002微服务改造
controller
@GetMapping(value = "/payment/lb")public String getPaymentLB(){ return serverPort;}
80订单微服务改造
1.ApplicationContextBean去掉@LoadBalanced
2.LoadBalancer接口
package com.atguigu.springcloud.lb;import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;import java.util.List;public interface LoadBalancer { //收集服务器总共有多少台能够提供服务的机器,并放到list里面 ServiceInstance instances(List<ServiceInstance> serviceInstances);}
3.MyLB
package com.atguigu.springcloud.lb;import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.util.List;import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;@Componentpublic class MyLB implements LoadBalancer { private AtomicInteger atomicInteger = new AtomicInteger(0); //坐标 private final int getAndIncrement(){ int current; int next; do { current = this.atomicInteger.get(); next = current >= 2147483647 ? 0 : current + 1; }while (!this.atomicInteger.compareAndSet(current,next)); //第一个参数是期望值,第二个参数是修改值是 System.out.println("*******第几次访问,次数next: "+next); return next; } @Override public ServiceInstance instances(List<ServiceInstance> serviceInstances) { //得到机器的列表 int index = getAndIncrement() % serviceInstances.size(); //得到服务器的下标位置 return serviceInstances.get(index); }}
4.OrderController
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;import com.atguigu.springcloud.lb.LoadBalancer;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;import javax.annotation.Resource;import java.net.URI;import java.util.List;@RestController@Slf4jpublic class OrderController { // public static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://localhost:8001"; public static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE"; @Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate; @Resource private LoadBalancer loadBalancer; @Resource private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient; @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/create") public CommonResult<Payment> create( Payment payment){ return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/create",payment,CommonResult.class); //写操作 } @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}") public CommonResult<Payment> getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Long id){ return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/get/"+id,CommonResult.class); } @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/getForEntity/{id}") public CommonResult<Payment> getPayment2(@PathVariable("id") Long id){ ResponseEntity<CommonResult> entity = restTemplate.getForEntity(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/get/"+id,CommonResult.class); if (entity.getStatusCode().is2xxSuccessful()){ // log.info(entity.getStatusCode()+"\t"+entity.getHeaders()); return entity.getBody(); }else { return new CommonResult<>(444,"操作失败"); } } @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/lb") public String getPaymentLB(){ List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE"); if (instances == null || instances.size() <= 0){ return null; } ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancer.instances(instances); URI uri = serviceInstance.getUri(); return restTemplate.getForObject(uri+"/payment/lb",String.class); }}
5.测试
http://localhost/consumer/payment/lb
9.OpenFeign服务接口调用
概述
OpenFeign是什么
Feign是一个声明式的web服务客户端,让编写web服务客户端变得非常容易,只需创建一个接口并在接口上添加注解即可
GitHub
https://github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-openfeign
能干嘛
Feign和OpenFeign两者区别
OpenFeign使用步骤
接口+注解
微服务调用接口+@FeignClient
新建cloud-consumer-feign-order80
Feign在消费端使用
子主题
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-consumer-feign-order80</artifactId> <!--openfeign--> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-common</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
YML
server: port: 80eureka: client: register-with-eureka: false service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka, http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka
主启动类
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;@SpringBootApplication@EnableFeignClientspublic class OrderFeignMain80 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderFeignMain80.class,args); }}
@EnableFeignClients
业务类
业务逻辑接口+@FeignClient配置调用provider服务
新建PaymentFeignService接口并新增注解@FeignClient
package com.atguigu.springcloud.service;import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;import feign.Param;import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;@Component@FeignClient(value = "CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE")public interface PaymentFeignService { @GetMapping(value = "/payment/get/{id}") public CommonResult getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id);}
控制层Controller
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.PaymentFeignService;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import javax.annotation.Resource;@RestControllerpublic class OrderFeignController { @Resource private PaymentFeignService paymentFeignService; @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/get/{id}") public CommonResult<Payment> getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id){ return paymentFeignService.getPaymentById(id); }}
测试
先启动2个eureka集群7001/7002
再启动2个微服务8001/8002
启动OpenFeign启动
http://localhost/consumer/payment/get/31
Feign自带负载均衡配置项
小总结
OpenFeign超时控制
超时设置,故意设置超时演示出错情况
服务提供方8001故意写暂停程序
@GetMapping(value = "/payment/feign/timeout")public String paymentFeignTimeout(){ try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3); }catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} return serverPort;}
服务消费方80添加超时方法PaymentFeignService
@GetMapping(value = "/payment/feign/timeout")public String paymentFeignTimeout();
服务消费方80添加超时方法OrderFeignController
@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/feign/timeout")public String paymentFeignTimeout(){ return paymentFeignService.paymentFeignTimeout();}
测试
http://localhost/consumer/payment/feign/timeout
错误页面
OpenFeign默认等待一秒钟,超过后报错
是什么
OpenFeign默认支持Ribbon
YML文件里需要开启OpenFeign客户端超时控制
ribbon: ReadTimeout: 5000 ConnectTimeout: 5000
OpenFeign日志打印功能
日志打印功能
是什么
日志级别
配置日志bean
package com.atguigu.springcloud.config;import feign.Logger;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configurationpublic class FeignConfig { @Bean Logger.Level feignLoggerLevel(){ return Logger.Level.FULL; }}
YML文件里需要开启日志的Feign客户端
logging: level: com.atguigu.springcloud.service.PaymentFeignService: debug
后台日志查看
10.Hystrix断路器
概述
分布式系统面临的问题
是什么
能干嘛
服务降级
服务熔断
接近实时的监控
。。。。。
官网资料
https://github.com/Netflix/Hystrix/wiki/How-To-Use
Hystrix官宣,停更进维
https://github.com/Netflix/Hystrix
被动修复bugs
不再接受合并请求
不再发布新版本
Hystrix重要概念
服务降级
服务器忙,请稍候再试,不让客户端等待并立刻返回一个友好提示,fallback
哪些情况会触发降级
程序运行异常
超时
服务熔断触发服务降级
线程池/信号量打满也会导致服务降级
服务熔断
类比保险丝达到最大服务访问后,直接拒绝访问,拉闸限电,然后调用服务降级的方法并返回友好提示
就是保险丝
服务的降级->进而熔断->恢复调用链路
服务限流
秒杀高并发等操作,严禁一窝蜂的过来拥挤,大家排队,一秒钟N个,有序进行
hystrix案例
构建
新建cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001</artifactId> <dependencies> <!--新增hystrix--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
YML
server: port: 8001eureka: client: register-with-eureka: true #表识不向注册中心注册自己 fetch-registry: true #表示自己就是注册中心,职责是维护服务实例,并不需要去检索服务 service-url: # defaultZone: http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/ #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址 defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/# server:# enable-self-preservation: falsespring: application: name: cloud-provider-hystrix-payment# eviction-interval-timer-in-ms: 2000
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;@SpringBootApplication@EnableEurekaClientpublic class PaymentHystrixMain8001 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(PaymentHystrixMain8001.class,args); }}
业务类
service
package com.atguigu.springcloud.service;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;@Servicepublic class PaymentService { //成功 public String paymentInfo_OK(Integer id){ return "线程池:"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+" paymentInfo_OK,id: "+id+"\t"+"哈哈哈" ; } //失败 public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(Integer id){ int timeNumber = 3; try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(timeNumber); }catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} return "线程池:"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+" paymentInfo_TimeOut,id: "+id+"\t"+"呜呜呜"+" 耗时(秒)"+timeNumber; }}
controller
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.PaymentService;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import javax.annotation.Resource;@RestController@Slf4jpublic class PaymentController { @Resource private PaymentService paymentService; @Value("${server.port}") private String serverPort; @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}") public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ String result = paymentService.paymentInfo_OK(id); log.info("*******result:"+result); return result; } @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}") public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ String result = paymentService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id); log.info("*******result:"+result); return result; }}
正常测试
启动eureka7001
启动cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001
访问
访问
http://localhost:8001/payment/hystrix/ok/31
每次调用耗费5秒钟
http://localhost:8001/payment/hystrix/timeout/31
上述module均OK
以上述为根基平台,从正确->错误->降级熔断->恢复
高并发测试
上述在非高并发情形下,还能勉强满足 but.....
Jmeter压测测试
开启Jmeter,来20000个并发压死8001,20000个请求都去访问paymentInfo_TimeOut服务
再来一个访问
http://localhost:8001/payment/hystrix/ok/31
http://localhost:8001/payment/hystrix/timeout/31
看演示结果
两个都在自己转圈圈
为什么会被卡死
tomcat的默认的工作线程数被打满了,没有多余的线程来分解压力和处理。
Jmeter压测结论
上面还是服务提供者8001自己测试,假如此时外部的消费者80也来访问,那消费者只能干等,最终导致消费端80不满意,服务端8001直接被拖死
看热闹不嫌弃事大,80新建加入
cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80
新建
cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80</artifactId> <dependencies> <!--新增hystrix--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
YML
server port: 80eureka: client: register-with-eureka: true #表识不向注册中心注册自己 fetch-registry: true #表示自己就是注册中心,职责是维护服务实例,并不需要去检索服务 service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/spring: application: name: cloud-provider-hystrix-order
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;@SpringBootApplication@EnableEurekaClientpublic class PaymentHystrixMain8001 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(PaymentHystrixMain8001.class,args); }} package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;@SpringBootApplication@EnableFeignClientspublic class OrderHystrixMain80 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderHystrixMain80.class,args); }}
业务类
PaymentHystrixService
package com.atguigu.springcloud.service;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;@Servicepublic class PaymentService { //成功 public String paymentInfo_OK(Integer id){ return "线程池:"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+" paymentInfo_OK,id: "+id+"\t"+"哈哈哈" ; } //失败 public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(Integer id){ int timeNumber = 3; try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(timeNumber); }catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} return "线程池:"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+" paymentInfo_TimeOut,id: "+id+"\t"+"呜呜呜"+" 耗时(秒)"+timeNumber; }} package com.atguigu.springcloud.service;import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;@Component@FeignClient(value = "CLOUD-PROVIDER-HYSTRIX-PAYMENT")public interface PaymentHystrixService { @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}") public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id); @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}") public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);}
OrderHystrixController
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.PaymentService;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import javax.annotation.Resource;@RestController@Slf4jpublic class PaymentController { @Resource private PaymentService paymentService; @Value("${server.port}") private String serverPort; @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}") public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ String result = paymentService.paymentInfo_OK(id); log.info("*******result:"+result); return result; } @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}") public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ String result = paymentService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id); log.info("*******result:"+result); return result; }} package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.PaymentHystrixService;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import javax.annotation.Resource;@RestController@Slf4jpublic class OrderHystrixController { @Resource private PaymentHystrixService paymentHystrixService; @Value("${server.port}") private String serverPort; @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}") public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_OK(id); log.info("*******result:"+result); return result; } @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}") public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id); log.info("*******result:"+result); return result; }}
正常测试
http://localhost/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/31
高并发测试
2W个线程压8001
消费端80微服务再去访问正常的OK微服务8001地址
http://localhost/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/31
消费者80,呜呜呜
要么转圈圈等待
要么消费端报超时错误
故障现象和导致原因
8001同一层次的其他接口服务被困死,因为tomcat线程里面的工作线程已经被挤占完毕
80此时调用8001,客户端访问响应缓慢,转圈圈
上诉结论
正因为有上述故障或不佳表现,才有我们的降级/容错/限流等技术诞生
如何解决?解决的要求
超时导致服务器变慢(转圈)
超时不再等待
出错(宕机或程序运行出错)
出错要有兜底
解决
对方服务(8001)超时了,调用者(80)不能一直卡死等待,必须有服务降级
对方服务(8001)down机了,调用者(80)不能一直卡死等待,必须有服务降级
对方服务(8001)OK,调用者(80)自己出故障或有自我要求(自己的等待时间小于服务提供者),自己处理降级
服务降级
降低配置
@HystrixCommand
8001先从自身找问题
设置自身调用超时时间的峰值,峰值内可以正常运行,超过了需要有兜底的方法处理,作服务降级fallback
8001fallback
业务类启用
@HystrixCommand报异常后如何处理
package com.atguigu.springcloud.service;import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixProperty;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;@Servicepublic class PaymentService { //成功 public String paymentInfo_OK(Integer id){ return "线程池:"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+" paymentInfo_OK,id: "+id+"\t"+"哈哈哈" ; } //失败 @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentInfo_TimeOutHandler",commandProperties = { @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds",value = "3000") //3秒钟以内就是正常的业务逻辑 }) public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(Integer id){ // int timeNumber = 5; int age = 10/0; // try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(timeNumber); }catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} //return "线程池:"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+" paymentInfo_TimeOut,id: "+id+"\t"+"呜呜呜"+" 耗时(秒)"+timeNumber; return "线程池:"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+" paymentInfo_TimeOut,id: "+id+"\t"+"呜呜呜"+" 耗时(秒)"; } //兜底方法 public String paymentInfo_TimeOutHandler(Integer id){ return "线程池:"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 系统繁忙, 请稍候再试 ,id: "+id+"\t"+"哭了哇呜"; }}
一旦调用服务方法失败并抛出了错误信息后,会自动调用@HystrixCommand标注好的fallbackMethod调用类中的指定方法
图示
主启动类激活
添加新注解@EnableCircuitBreaker
80fallback
80订单微服务,也可以更好的保护自己,自己也依样画葫芦进行客户端降级保护
题外话,切记
我们自己配置过的热部署方式对java代码的改动明显,但对@HystrixCommand内属性的修改建议重启微服务
YML
feign: hystrix: enabled: true #如果处理自身的容错就开启。开启方式与生产端不一样。
主启动
@EnableHystrix
业务类
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentTimeOutFallbackMethod",commandProperties = { @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds",value = "1500") //3秒钟以内就是正常的业务逻辑})public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id); return result;}//兜底方法public String paymentTimeOutFallbackMethod(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ return "我是消费者80,对付支付系统繁忙请10秒钟后再试或者自己运行出错请检查自己,(┬_┬)";}
目前问题
每个业务方法对应一个兜底的方法,代码膨胀
统一和自定义的分开
解决问题
每个方法配置一个???膨胀
feign接口系列
@DefaultProperties(defaultFallback = "")
说明
controller配置
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.PaymentHystrixService;import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.DefaultProperties;import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixProperty;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import javax.annotation.Resource;@RestController@Slf4j@DefaultProperties(defaultFallback = "payment_Global_FallbackMethod") //全局的public class OrderHystrixController { @Resource private PaymentHystrixService paymentHystrixService; @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}") public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_OK(id); return result; }// @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")// public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){// String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);// return result;// } @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")// @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentTimeOutFallbackMethod",commandProperties = {// @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds",value = "1500") //1.5秒钟以内就是正常的业务逻辑// }) @HystrixCommand public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ int age = 10/0; String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id); return result; } //兜底方法 public String paymentTimeOutFallbackMethod(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ return "我是消费者80,对付支付系统繁忙请10秒钟后再试或者自己运行出错请检查自己,(┬_┬)"; } //下面是全局fallback方法 public String payment_Global_FallbackMethod(){ return "Global异常处理信息,请稍后再试,(┬_┬)"; }}
和业务逻辑混一起???混乱
服务降级,客户端去调用服务端,碰上服务端宕机或关闭
本次案例服务降级处理是在客户端80实现完成的,与服务端8001没有关系,只需要为Feign客户端定义的接口添加一个服务降级处理的实现类即可实现解耦
未来我们要面对的异常
运行
超时
宕机
再看我们的业务类PaymentController
修改cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80
根据cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80已经有的PaymentHystrixService接口,重新新建一个类(PaymentFallbackService)实现该接口,统一为接口里面的方法进行异常处理
PaymentFallbackService类实现PaymentFeignClientService接口
package com.atguigu.springcloud.service;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Componentpublic class PaymentFallbackService implements PaymentHystrixService { @Override public String paymentInfo_OK(Integer id) { return "-----PaymentFallbackService fall back-paymentInfo_OK , (┬_┬)"; } @Override public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(Integer id) { return "-----PaymentFallbackService fall back-paymentInfo_TimeOut , (┬_┬)"; }}
YML
feign: hystrix: enabled: true #如果处理自身的容错就开启。开启方式与生产端不一样。
PaymentFeignClientService接口
package com.atguigu.springcloud.service;import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;@Component@FeignClient(value = "CLOUD-PROVIDER-HYSTRIX-PAYMENT",fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class)public interface PaymentHystrixService { @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}") public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id); @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}") public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);}
测试
单个eureka先启动7001
PaymentHystrixMain8001启动
正常访问测试
http://localhost/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/31
故意关闭微服务8001
客户端自己调用提升
此时服务端provider已经down了,但是我们做了服务降级处理,让客户端在服务端不可用时也会获得提示信息而不会挂起耗死服务器
服务熔断
断路器
一句话就是家里保险丝
熔断是什么
大神论文
https://martinfowler.com/bliki/CircuitBreaker.html
实操
修改cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001
PaymentService
//服务熔断@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentCircuitBreaker_fallback",commandProperties = { @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.enabled",value = "true"), //是否开启断路器 @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.requestVolumeThreshold",value = "10"), //请求次数 @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.sleepWindowInMilliseconds",value = "10000"), //时间范围 @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.errorThresholdPercentage",value = "60"), //失败率达到多少后跳闸})public String paymentCircuitBreaker(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ if (id < 0){ throw new RuntimeException("*****id 不能负数"); } String serialNumber = IdUtil.simpleUUID(); return Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+"调用成功,流水号:"+serialNumber;}public String paymentCircuitBreaker_fallback(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ return "id 不能负数,请稍候再试,(┬_┬)/~~ id: " +id;}
why配置这些参数
PaymentController
//===服务熔断@GetMapping("/payment/circuit/{id}")public String paymentCircuitBreaker(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ String result = paymentService.paymentCircuitBreaker(id); log.info("*******result:"+result); return result;}
测试
自测cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001
正确
http://localhost:8001/payment/circuit/31
错误
http://localhost:8001/payment/circuit/-31
一次正确一次错误trytry
重点测试
多次错误,然后慢慢正确,发现刚开始不满足条件,就算是正确的访问地址也不能进行访问,需要慢慢的恢复链路
原理(小总结)
大神结论
熔断类型
熔断打开
请求不再进行调用当前服务,内部设置时钟一般为MTTR(平均故障处理时间),当打开时长达到所设时钟则进入熔断状态
熔断关闭
熔断关闭不会对服务进行熔断
熔断半开
部分请求根据规则调用当前服务,如果请求成功且符合规则则认为当前服务恢复正常,关闭熔断
官网断路器流程图
官网步骤
断路器在什么情况下开始起作用
断路器开启或者关闭的条件
当满足一定阀值的时候(默认10秒内超过20个请求次数)
当失败率达到一定的时候(默认10秒内超过50%请求失败)
到达以上阀值,断路器将会开启
当开启的时候,所有请求都不会进行转发
一段时间之后(默认是5秒),这个时候断路器是半开状态,会让其中一个请求进行转发。如果成功,断路器会关闭,若失败,继续开启。重复4和5
断路器打开之后
All配置
服务限流
后面高级篇讲解alibaba的Sentinel说明
hystrix工作流程
https://github.com/Netflix/Hystrix/wiki/How-it-Works
hystrix工作流程
官网图例
步骤说明
服务监控hystrixDashboard
概述
仪表盘9001
新建cloud-consumer-hystrix-dashboard9001
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-consumer-hystrix-dashboard9001</artifactId> <dependencies> <!--新增hystrix dashboard--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
YML
server: port: 9001
HystrixDashboardMain9001+新注解@EnableHystrixDashboard
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.dashboard.EnableHystrixDashboard;@SpringBootApplication@EnableHystrixDashboardpublic class HystrixDashboardMain9001 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(HystrixDashboardMain9001.class,args); }}
所有Provider微服务提供类(8001/8002/8003)都需要监控依赖配置
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId></dependency>
启动cloud-consumer-hystrix-dashboard9001该微服务后续将监控微服务8001
http://localhost:9001/hystrix
断路器演示
修改cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001
注意:新版本Hystrix需要在主启动类MainAppHystrix8001中指定监控路径
@Beanpublic ServletRegistrationBean getServlet(){ HystrixMetricsStreamServlet streamServlet = new HystrixMetricsStreamServlet(); ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(streamServlet); registrationBean.setLoadOnStartup(1); registrationBean.addUrlMappings("/hystrix.stream"); registrationBean.setName("HystrixMetricsStreamServlet"); return registrationBean;}
Unable to connect to Command Metric Stream
404
监控测试
启动1个eureka或者3个eureka集群均可
观察监控窗口
9001监控8001
填写监控地址
http://localhost:8001/hystrix.stream
测试地址
http://localhost:8001/payment/circuit/31
http://localhost:8001/payment/circuit/-31
上述测试通过
ok
先访问正确地址,再访问错误地址,再正确地址,会发现图示断路器都是慢慢放开的
监控结果,成功
监控结果,失败
如何看
7色
1圈
1线
整图说明
整图说明2
搞懂一个才能看懂复杂的
11.zuul路由网关(没讲)
12.Gateway新一代网关
概述简介
官网
上一代zuul 1.X
https://github.com/Netflix/zuul/wiki
当前gateway
https://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/spring-cloud-gateway/2.2.1.RELEASE/reference/html/
是什么
概述
一句话
Spring Cloud Gateway 使用的Webflux中的reactor-netty响应式编程组件,底层使用了Netty通讯框架
源码架构
能干嘛
反向代理
鉴权
流量控制
熔断
日志监控
。。。。。。
微服务架构中网关在哪里
有了Zuul了怎么又出来了gateway
我们为什么选择Gatway?
1.neflix不太靠谱,zuul2.0一直跳票,迟迟不发布
2.SpringCloud Gateway具有如下特性
3.SpringCloud Gateway与Zuul的区别
Zuul1.x模型
GateWay模型
WebFlux是什么?
说明
三大核心概念
Route(路由)
路由是构建网关的基本模块,它由ID,目标URI,一系列的断言和过滤器组成,如果断言为true则匹配该路由
Predicate(断言)
参考的是java8的java.util.function.Predicate开发人员可以匹配HTTP请求中的所有内容(例如请求头或请求参数),如果请求与断言相匹配则进行路由
Filter(过滤)
指的是Spring框架中GatewayFilter的实例,使用过滤器,可以在请求被路由前或者之后对请求进行修改。
总体
Gateway工作流程
官网总结
核心逻辑
路由转发+执行过滤器链
入门配置
新建Module
cloud-gateway-gateway9527
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-gateway-gateway9527</artifactId> <dependencies> <!--新增gateway--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
YML
server: port: 9527spring: application: name: cloud-gateway cloud: gateway: routes: - id: payment_routh #路由的ID,没有固定规则但要求唯一,建议配合服务名 uri: http://localhost:8001 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址 predicates: - Path=/payment/get/** #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由 - id: payment_routh2 uri: http://localhost:8001 predicates: - Path=/payment/lb/** #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由eureka: instance: hostname: cloud-gateway-service client: service-url: register-with-eureka: true fetch-registry: true defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka
业务类
无
主启动类
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;@SpringBootApplication@EnableEurekaClientpublic class GateWayMain9527 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run( GateWayMain9527.class,args); }}
9527网关如何做路由映射那???
cloud-provider-payment8001看看controller的访问地址
get
lb
我们目前不想暴露8001端口,希望在8001外面套一层9527
YML新增网关配置
server: port: 9527spring: application: name: cloud-gateway cloud: gateway: routes: - id: payment_routh #路由的ID,没有固定规则但要求唯一,建议配合服务名 uri: http://localhost:8001 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址 predicates: - Path=/payment/get/** #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由 - id: payment_routh2 uri: http://localhost:8001 predicates: - Path=/payment/lb/** #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由eureka: instance: hostname: cloud-gateway-service client: service-url: register-with-eureka: true fetch-registry: true defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka
测试
启动7001
启动8001
cloud-provider-payment8001
启动9527网关
访问说明
添加网关前
http://localhost:8001/payment/get/31
添加网关后
http://localhost:9527/payment/get/31
YML配置说明
Gateway网关路由有两种配置方式
在配置文件yml中配置
见前面步骤
代码中注入RouteLocator的Bean
官网案例
百度国内新闻网址,需要外网
http://news.baidu.com/guoji
自己写一个
百度新闻
业务需求
通过9527网关访问到外网的百度新闻网址
编码
cloud-gateway-gateway9527
实现业务
config
package com.atguigu.springcloud.config;import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteLocator;import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.builder.RouteLocatorBuilder;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configurationpublic class GateWayConfig { @Bean public RouteLocator customRouteLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder routeLocatorBuilder) { RouteLocatorBuilder.Builder routes = routeLocatorBuilder.routes(); routes.route("path_rote_atguigu", r -> r.path("/guonei").uri("http://news.baidu.com/guonei")).build(); return routes.build(); }}
通过微服务名实现动态路由
默认情况下Gateway会根据注册中心的服务列表,以注册中心上微服务名为路径创建动态路由进行转发,从而实现动态路由的功能
启动
一个eureka7001+两个服务提供者8001/8002
POM
YML
server: port: 9527spring: application: name: cloud-gateway cloud: gateway: discovery: locator: enabled: true #开启从注册中心动态创建路由的功能,利用微服务名进行路由 routes: - id: payment_routh #路由的ID,没有固定规则但要求唯一,建议配合服务名 #uri: http://localhost:8001 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址 uri: lb://cloud-payment-service predicates: - Path=/payment/get/** #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由 - id: payment_routh2 #uri: http://localhost:8001 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址 uri: lb://cloud-payment-service predicates: - Path=/payment/lb/** #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由eureka: instance: hostname: cloud-gateway-service client: service-url: register-with-eureka: true fetch-registry: true defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka
需要注意的是uri的协议为lb,表示启用Gateway的负载均衡功能。
lb://serviceName是spring cloud gateway在微服务中自动为我们创建的负载均衡uri
测试
http://localhost:9527/payment/lb
8001/8002两个端口切换
Predicate的使用
是什么
启动我们的gatewat9527
Route Predicate Factories这个是什么东东?
常用的Route Predicate
1.After Route Predicate
ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.now(); System.out.println(zonedDateTime);
YML
- After=2020-03-08T10:59:34.102+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
2.Before Route Predicate
YML
- After=2020-03-08T10:59:34.102+08:00[Asia/Shanghai] - Before=2020-03-08T10:59:34.102+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
3.Between Route Predicate
YML
- Between=2020-03-08T10:59:34.102+08:00[Asia/Shanghai] , 2020-03-08T10:59:34.102+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
4. Cookie Route Predicate
不带cookies访问
带上cookies访问
加入curl返回中文乱码
https://blog.csdn.net/leedee/article/details/82685636
YML
- Cookie=username,atguigu #并且Cookie是username=zhangshuai才能访问
5. Header Route Predicate
YML
- Header=X-Request-Id, \d+ #请求头中要有X-Request-Id属性并且值为整数的正则表达式
6.Host Route Predicate
YML
- Host=**.atguigu.com
7.Method Route Predicate
YML
- Method=GET
8.Path Route Predicate
YML
9. Query Route Predicate
YML
- Query=username, \d+ #要有参数名称并且是正整数才能路由
10.小总结
All
server: port: 9527spring: application: name: cloud-gateway cloud: gateway: discovery: locator: enabled: true #开启从注册中心动态创建路由的功能,利用微服务名进行路由 routes: - id: payment_routh #路由的ID,没有固定规则但要求唯一,建议配合服务名 #uri: http://localhost:8001 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址 uri: lb://cloud-payment-service predicates: - Path=/payment/get/** #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由 - id: payment_routh2 #uri: http://localhost:8001 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址 uri: lb://cloud-payment-service predicates: - Path=/payment/lb/** #断言,路径相匹配的进行路由 #- After=2020-03-08T10:59:34.102+08:00[Asia/Shanghai] #- Cookie=username,zhangshuai #并且Cookie是username=zhangshuai才能访问 #- Header=X-Request-Id, \d+ #请求头中要有X-Request-Id属性并且值为整数的正则表达式 #- Host=**.atguigu.com #- Method=GET #- Query=username, \d+ #要有参数名称并且是正整数才能路由eureka: instance: hostname: cloud-gateway-service client: service-url: register-with-eureka: true fetch-registry: true defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka
说白了,Predicate就是为了实现一组匹配规则,让请求过来找到对应的Route进行处理
Filter的使用
是什么
Spring Cloud Gateway的Filter
生命周期,Only Two
pre
在业务逻辑之前
post
在业务逻辑之后
种类,Only Two
GatewayFilter
单一
GlobalFilter
全局
常用的GatewayFilter
AddRequestParameter
YML
省略
自定义过滤器
自定义全局GlobalFilter
两个主要接口介绍
impiemerts GlobalFilter ,Ordered
能干嘛
全局日志记录
统一网关鉴权
。。。。。。
案例代码
package com.atguigu.springcloud.filter;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;import org.springframework.core.Ordered;import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;import java.util.Date;@Component@Slf4jpublic class MyLogGateWayFilter implements GlobalFilter,Ordered { @Override public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) { log.info("*********come in MyLogGateWayFilter: "+new Date()); String uname = exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams().getFirst("username"); if(StringUtils.isEmpty(username)){ log.info("*****用户名为Null 非法用户,(┬_┬)"); exchange.getResponse().setStatusCode(HttpStatus.NOT_ACCEPTABLE);//给人家一个回应 return exchange.getResponse().setComplete(); } return chain.filter(exchange); } @Override public int getOrder() { return 0; }}
测试
启动
正确
http://localhost:9527/payment/lb?uname=z3
错误
13.SpringCloud config分布式配置中心
概述
分布式系统面临的配置问题
是什么
能干嘛
集中管理配置文件
不同环境不同配置,动态化的配置更新,分环境部署比如dev/test/prod/beta/release
运行期间动态调整配置,不再需要在每个服务部署的机器上编写配置文件,服务会向配置中心统一拉取配置自己的信息
当配置发生变动时,服务不需要重启即可感知到配置的变化并应用新的配置
将配置信息以REST接口的形式暴露
post、curl访问刷新均可....
与Github整合配置
由于SpringCloud Config默认使用Git来存储配置文件(也有其它方式,比如支持svn和本地文件,但最推荐的还是Git,而且使用的是http/https访问的形式)
官网
https://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/spring-cloud-config/2.2.1.RELEASE/reference/html/
Config服务端配置与测试
用你自己的账号在Github上新建一个名为sprincloud-config的新Repository
由上一步获得刚新建的git地址
写你自己的仓库地址
本地硬盘上新建git仓库并clone
本地地址:D:\44\SpringCloud2020
git命令
git clone xxx
此时在本地D盘符下D:\44\SpringCloud2020\springcloud-config
表示多个环境的配置文件
保存格式必须为UTF-8
如果需要修改,此处模拟运维人员操作git和github
git add
git commit -m "init yml"
git push origin master
新建Module模块cloud-config-center-3344它既为Cloud的配置中心模块cloudConfig Center
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-config-center-3344</artifactId> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
YML
server: port: 3344spring: application: name: cloud-config-center cloud: config: server: git: uri: 填写你自己的github路径 search-paths: - springcloud-config label: mastereureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
主启动类
ConfigCenterMain3344
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.config.server.EnableConfigServer;@SpringBootApplication@EnableConfigServerpublic class ConfigCenterMain3344 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ConfigCenterMain3344 .class,args); }}
@EnableConfigServer
windows下修改hosts文件,增加映射
127.0.0.1 config-3344.com
测试通过Config微服务是否可以从Github上获取配置内容
启动微服务3344
http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-dev.yml
配置读取规则
官网
/{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml(最推荐使用这种方式)
master分支
http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-dev.yml
http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-test.yml
http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-prod.yml
dev分支
http://config-3344.com:3344/dev/config-dev.yml
http://config-3344.com:3344/dev/config-test.yml
http://config-3344.com:3344/dev/config-prod.yml
/{application}-{profile}.yml
http://config-3344.com:3344/config-dev.yml
http://config-3344.com:3344/config-test.yml
http://config-3344.com:3344/config-prod.yml
http://config-3344.com:3344/config-xxxx.yml(不存在的配置)
/{application}-{profile}[/{label}]
http://config-3344.com:3344/config/dev/master
http://config-3344.com:3344/config/test/master
http://config-3344.com:3344/config/prod/master
重要配置细节总结
成功实现了用SpringCloud Config 通过GitHub获取配置信息
Config客户端配置与测试
新建cloud-config-client-3355
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-config-client-3355</artifactId> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
bootstap.yml
是什么
内容
server: port: 3355spring: application: name: config-client cloud: config: label: master name: config profile: dev uri: http://localhost:3344eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka
说明
修改config-dev.yml配置并提交到GitHub中,比如加个变量age或者版本号version
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplicationpublic class ConfigClientMain3355 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run( ConfigClientMain3355.class,args); }}
类ConfigClientMain3355
业务类
package com.atguigu.springcloud.Controller;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestControllerpublic class ConfigClientController { @Value("${config.info}") private String configInfo; @GetMapping("/configInfo") public String getConfigInfo(){ return configInfo; }}
测试
启动Config配置中心3344微服务并自测
http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-dev.yml
http://config-3344.com:3344/master/config-test.yml
启动3355作为Client准备访问
http://localhost:3355/configInfo
成功实现了客户端3355访问SpringCloud Config3344通过GitHub获取配置信息
问题随时而来,分布式配置的动态刷新
Linux运维修改GitHub上的配置文件内容做调整
刷新3344,发现ConfigServer配置中心立刻响应
刷新3355,发现ConfigServer客户端没有任何响应
3355没有变化除非自己重启或者重新加载
难道每次运维修改配置文件,客户端都需要重启??噩梦
Config客户端之动态刷新
避免每次更新配置都要重启客户端微服务3355
动态刷新
步骤
修改3355模块
POM引入actuator监控
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId></dependency>
修改YML,暴露监控端口
server: port: 3355spring: application: name: config-client cloud: config: label: master name: config profile: dev uri: http://localhost:3344eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eurekamanagement: endpoints: web: exposure: include: "*"
@RefreshScope业务类Controller修改
package com.atguigu.springcloud.Controller;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.cloud.context.config.annotation.RefreshScope;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RefreshScope@RestControllerpublic class ConfigClientController { @Value("${config.info}") private String configInfo; @GetMapping("/configInfo") public String getConfigInfo(){ return configInfo; }}
此时修改github---> 3344 ---> 3355
http://localhost:3355/configInfo
3355改变了没有???
没有改变,(┬_┬)
How
需要运维人员发送Post请求刷新3355
必须是Post请求
curl -X POST "http://localhost:3355/actuator/refresh"
再次
http://localhost:3355/configInfo
OK
成功实现了客户端3355刷新到最新配置内容
避免了服务的重启
想想还有什么问题?
假如有多个微服务客户端3355/3366/3377。。。。
每个微服务都要执行一次post请求,手动刷新?
可否广播,一次通知,处处生效?
我们想大范围的自动刷新,求方法
14.SpringCloud Bus 消息总线
概述
上一讲解的加深和扩充,一言以蔽之
分布式自动刷新配置功能
Spring Cloud Bus配合Spring Cloud Config使用可以实现配置的动态刷新
是什么
Bus支持两种消息代理:RabbitMQ和Kafka
能干嘛
为何被称为总线
RabbitMQ环境配置
安装Erlang,下载地址:
http://erlang.org/download/otp_win64_21.3.exe
步骤
安装RabbitMQ,下载地址
https://dl.bintray.com/rabbitmq/all/rabbitmq-server/3.7.14/rabbitmq-server-3.7.14.exe
步骤
进入RabbitMQ安装目录下的sbin目录
如例我自己本机
D:\scmq\rabbitmq_server-3.7.14\sbin
输入以下命令启动管理功能
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
可视化插件
访问地址查看是否安装成功
http://localhost:15672/
输入账号密码并登录: guest guest
SpringCloud Bus动态刷新全局广播
必须先具备良好的RabbitMQ环境先
演示广播效果,增加复杂度,再以3355为模板再制作一个3366
新建
cloud-config-client-3366
POM
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency></dependencies>
YML
server: port: 3366spring: application: name: config-client cloud: config: label: master name: config profile: dev uri: http://localhost:3344eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eurekamanagement: endpoints: web: exposure: include: "*"
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;@EnableEurekaClient@SpringBootApplicationpublic class ConfigClientMain3366 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run( ConfigClientMain3366.class,args); }}
controller
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.cloud.context.config.annotation.RefreshScope;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController@RefreshScopepublic class ConfigClientController { @Value("${server.port}") private String serverPort; @Value("${config.info}") private String configInfo; @GetMapping("/configInfo") public String getConfigInfo(){ return "serverPort:"+serverPort+"\t\n\n configInfo: "+configInfo; }}
设计思想
1) 利用消息总线触发一个客户端/bus/refresh,而刷新所有客户端的配置
2) 利用消息总线触发一个服务端ConfigServer的/bus/refresh端点,而刷新所有客户端的配置(更加推荐)
图二的架构显然更加合适,图一不适合的原因如下
打破了微服务的职责单一性,因为微服务本身是业务模块,它本不应该承担配置刷新职责
破坏了微服务各节点的对等性
有一定的局限性。例如,微服务在迁移时,它的网络地址常常会发生变化,此时如果想要做到自动刷新,那就会增加更多的修改
给cloud-config-center-3344配置中心服务端添加消息总线支持
POM
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqp</artifactId></dependency>
YML
server: port: 3344spring: application: name: cloud-config-center cloud: config: server: git: uri: https://github.com/hhf19906/springcloud-config.git #git@github.com:hhf19906/springcloud-config.git search-paths: - springcloud-config label: masterrabbitmq: host: localhost port: 5672 username: guest password: guesteureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eurekamanagement: endpoints: web: exposure: include: 'bus-refresh'
给cloud-config-center-3355客户端添加消息总线支持
POM
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqp</artifactId></dependency>
YML
server: port: 3355spring: application: name: config-client cloud: config: label: master name: config profile: dev uri: http://localhost:3344rabbitmq: host: localhost port: 5672 username: guest password: guesteureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eurekamanagement: endpoints: web: exposure: include: "*"
给cloud-config-center-3366客户端添加消息总线支持
POM
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bus-amqp</artifactId></dependency>
YML
server: port: 3366spring: application: name: config-client cloud: config: label: master name: config profile: dev uri: http://localhost:3344 rabbitmq: host: localhost port: 5672 username: guest password: guesteureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eurekamanagement: endpoints: web: exposure: include: '*'
测试
运维工程师
修改Github上配置文件增加版本号
发送Post请求
子主题
curl -X POST "http://localhost:3344/actuator/bus-refresh"
一次发送,处处生效
配置中心
http://config-3344.com/config-dev.yml
客户端
http://localhost:3355/configInfo
http://localhost:3366/configInfo
获取配置信息,发现都已经刷新了
一次修改,广播通知,处处生效
SpringCloud Bus动态刷新定点通知
不想全部通知,只想定点通知
只通知3355
不通知3366
简单一句话
指定具体某一个实例生效而不是全部
公式:http://localhost:配置中心的端口号/actuator/bus-refresh/{destination}
/bus/refresh请求不再发送到具体的服务实例上,而是发给config server并通过destination参数类指定需要更新配置的服务或实例
案例
我们这里以刷新运行在3355端口上的config-client为例
只通知3355
不通知3366
curl -X POST "http://localhost:3344/actuator/bus-refresh/config-client:3355"
通知总结All
15.SpringCloud Stream消息驱动
消息驱动概述
是什么
一句话
屏蔽底层消息中间件的差异,降低切换版本,统一消息的编程模型
官网
https://spring.io/projects/spring-cloud-stream#overview
https://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/spring-cloud-stream/3.0.1.RELEASE/reference/html/
Spring Cloud Stream中文指导手册
https://m.wang1314.com/doc/webapp/topic/20971999.html
设计思想
标准MQ
生产者/消费者之间靠消息媒介传递信息内容
Message
消息必须走特定的通道
消息通道MessageChannel
消息通道里的消息如何被消费呢,谁负责收发处理
消息通道MessageChannel的子接口SubscribableChannel,由MessageHandler消息处理器订阅
为什么用Cloud Stream
stream凭什么可以统一底层差异
Binder
INPUT对应于消费者
OUTPUT对应于生产者
Stream中的消息通信方式遵循了发布-订阅模式
Topic主题进行广播
在RabbitMQ就是Exchange
在kafka中就是Topic
Spring Cloud Stream标准流程套路
Binder
很方便的连接中间件,屏蔽差异
Channel
通道,是队列Queue的一种抽象,在消息通讯系统中就是实现存储和转发的媒介,通过对Channel对队列进行配置
Source和Sink
简单的可理解为参照对象是Spring Cloud Stream自身,从Stream发布消息就是输出,接受消息就是输入
编码API和常用注解
案例说明
RabbitMQ环境已经OK
工程中新建三个子模块
cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801,作为生产者进行发消息模块
cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802,作为消息接收模块
cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8803,作为消息接收模块
消息驱动之生产者
新建Module
cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-stream-rabbitmq-provider8801</artifactId> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok --> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-test --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
YML
server: port: 8801spring: application: name: cloud-stream-provider cloud: stream: binders: # 在此处配置要绑定的rabbitmq的服务信息; defaultRabbit: # 表示定义的名称,用于于binding整合 type: rabbit # 消息组件类型 environment: # 设置rabbitmq的相关的环境配置 spring: rabbitmq: host: localhost port: 5672 username: guest password: guest bindings: # 服务的整合处理 output: # 这个名字是一个通道的名称 destination: studyExchange # 表示要使用的Exchange名称定义 content-type: application/json # 设置消息类型,本次为json,文本则设置“text/plain” binder: defaultRabbit # 设置要绑定的消息服务的具体设置eureka: client: # 客户端进行Eureka注册的配置 service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka instance: lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 2 # 设置心跳的时间间隔(默认是30秒) lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 5 # 如果现在超过了5秒的间隔(默认是90秒) instance-id: send-8801.com # 在信息列表时显示主机名称 prefer-ip-address: true # 访问的路径变为IP地址
主启动类StreamMQMain8801
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplicationpublic class StreamMQMain8801 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(StreamMQMain8801.class, args); }}
业务类
发送消息接口
package com.atguigu.springcloud.service;public interface IMessageProvider{ public String send();}
发送消息接口实现类
package com.atguigu.springcloud.service.impl;import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.IMessageProvider;import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding;import org.springframework.integration.support.MessageBuilderFactory;import org.springframework.messaging.MessageChannel;import org.springframework.integration.support.MessageBuilder;import javax.annotation.Resource;import org.springframework.cloud.stream.messaging.Source;import javax.annotation.Resource;import java.util.UUID;@EnableBinding(Source.class) //定义消息的推送管道public class MessageProviderImpl implements IMessageProvider{ @Resource private MessageChannel output; // 消息发送管道 @Override public String send() { String serial = UUID.randomUUID().toString(); output.send(MessageBuilder.withPayload(serial).build()); System.out.println("*****serial: "+serial); return null; }}
Controller
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.IMessageProvider;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import javax.annotation.Resource;@RestControllerpublic class SendMessageController{ @Resource private IMessageProvider messageProvider; @GetMapping(value = "/sendMessage") public String sendMessage() { return messageProvider.send(); }}
测试
启动7001eureka
启动rabbitmq
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
http://localhost:15672/
启动8801
访问
http://localhost:8801/sendMessage
消息驱动之消费者
新建Module
cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8802</artifactId> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok --> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-test --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
YML
server: port: 8802spring: application: name: cloud-stream-consumer cloud: stream: binders: # 在此处配置要绑定的rabbitmq的服务信息; defaultRabbit: # 表示定义的名称,用于于binding整合 type: rabbit # 消息组件类型 environment: # 设置rabbitmq的相关的环境配置 spring: rabbitmq: host: localhost port: 5672 username: guest password: guest bindings: # 服务的整合处理 input: # 这个名字是一个通道的名称 destination: studyExchange # 表示要使用的Exchange名称定义 content-type: application/json # 设置消息类型,本次为json,文本则设置“text/plain” binder: defaultRabbit # 设置要绑定的消息服务的具体设置eureka: client: # 客户端进行Eureka注册的配置 service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka instance: lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 2 # 设置心跳的时间间隔(默认是30秒) lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 5 # 如果现在超过了5秒的间隔(默认是90秒) instance-id: receive-8802.com # 在信息列表时显示主机名称 prefer-ip-address: true # 访问的路径变为IP地址
主启动类StreamMQMain8802
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplicationpublic class StreamMQMain8802 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(StreamMQMain8802.class, args); }}
业务类
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.StreamListener;import org.springframework.messaging.Message;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding;import org.springframework.cloud.stream.messaging.Sink;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component@EnableBinding(Sink.class)public class ReceiveMessageListenerController { @Value("${server.port}") private String serverPort; @StreamListener(Sink.INPUT) public void input(Message<String> message) { System.out.println("消费者1号,接受:"+message.getPayload()+"\t port:"+serverPort); }}
测试8801发送8802接收消息
http://localhost:8801/sendMessage
分组消费与持久化
依照8802,clone出来一份运行8803
cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8803
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-stream-rabbitmq-consumer8803</artifactId> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!--基础配置--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
YML
server: port: 8803spring: application: name: cloud-stream-consumer cloud: stream: binders: # 在此处配置要绑定的rabbitmq的服务信息; defaultRabbit: # 表示定义的名称,用于于binding整合 type: rabbit # 消息组件类型 environment: # 设置rabbitmq的相关的环境配置 spring: rabbitmq: host: localhost port: 5672 username: guest password: guest bindings: # 服务的整合处理 input: # 这个名字是一个通道的名称 destination: studyExchange # 表示要使用的Exchange名称定义 content-type: application/json # 设置消息类型,本次为对象json,如果是文本则设置“text/plain” binder: defaultRabbit # 设置要绑定的消息服务的具体设置 group: atguiguAeureka: client: # 客户端进行Eureka注册的配置 service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka instance: lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 2 # 设置心跳的时间间隔(默认是30秒) lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 5 # 如果现在超过了5秒的间隔(默认是90秒) instance-id: receive-8803.com # 在信息列表时显示主机名称 prefer-ip-address: true # 访问的路径变为IP地址
主启动类
package com.atguigu.springcloud;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplicationpublic class StreamMQMain8803{ public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(StreamMQMain8803.class,args); }}
业务类
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding;import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.StreamListener;import org.springframework.cloud.stream.messaging.Sink;import org.springframework.messaging.Message;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component@EnableBinding(Sink.class)public class ReceiveMessageListenerController{ @Value("${server.port}") private String serverPort; @StreamListener(Sink.INPUT) public void input(Message<String> message) { System.out.println("消费者2号,----->接受到的消息: "+message.getPayload()+"\t port: "+serverPort); }}
启动
RabbitMQ
7001
服务注册
8801
消息生产
8802
消息消费
8803
消息消费
运行后两个问题
有重复消费问题
消息持久化问题
消费
目前是8802/8803同时都收到了,存在重复消费问题
http://localhost:8801/sendMessage
如何解决
分组和持久化属性group
重要
生产实际案例
分组
原理
微服务应用放置于同一个group中,就能够保证消息只会被其中一个应用消费一次。不同的组是可以消费的,同一个组内会发生竞争关系,只有其中一个可以消费。
8802/8803都变成不同组,group两个不同
group: atguiguA、atguiguB
8802修改YML
group: atguiguA
8803修改YML
group: atguiguB
我们自己配置
结论
还是重复消费
8802/8803实现了轮询分组,每次只有一个消费者 8801模块的发的消息只能被8802或8803其中一个接收到,这样避免了重复消费
8802/8803都变成相同组,group两个相同
group: atguiguA
8802修改YML
group: atguiguA
8803修改YML
group: atguiguA
结论
同一个组的多个微服务实例,每次只会有一个拿到
持久化
通过上述,解决了重复消费问题,再看看持久化
停止8802/8803并去除掉8802的分组group:atguiguA
8803的分组group:atguiguA没有去掉
8801先发送4条信息到rabbitmq
先启动8802,无分组属性配置,后台没有打出来消息
先启动8803,有分组属性配置,后台打出来了MQ上的消息
16.SpringCloud Sleuth分布式请求链路追踪
概述
为什么会出现这个技术?需要解决哪些问题?
问题
是什么
https://github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-sleuth
Spring Cloud Sleuth提供了一套完整的服务跟踪的解决方案
在分布式系统中提供追踪解决方案并且兼容支持了zipkin
解决
搭建链路监控步骤
1.zipkin
下载
SpringCloud从F版起已不需要自己构建Zipkin server了,只需要调用jar包即可
https://dl.bintray.com/openzipkin/maven/io/zipkin/java/zipkin-server/
zipkin-server-2.12.9.exec.jar
运行jar
java -jar zipkin-server-2.12.9-exec.jar
运行控制台
http://localhost:9411/zipkin/
术语
完整的调用链路
上图what
名词解释
Trace:类似于树结构的Span集合,表示一条调用链路,存在唯一标识
span:表示调用链路来源,通俗的理解span就是一次请求信息
2.服务提供者
cloud-provider-payment8001
POM
<!--包含了sleuth+zipkin--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId> </dependency>
YML
server: port: 8001spring: application: name: cloud-payment-service zipkin: base-url: http://localhost:9411 sleuth: sampler: probability: 1 datasource: type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver url: username: root password: mybatis: mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml type-aliases-package: com.atguigu.springcloud.entitieseureka: client: register-with-eureka: true fetchRegistry: true service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka #集群版 instance: instance-id: payment8001 prefer-ip-address: true
业务类PaymentController
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.PaymentService;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;import javax.annotation.Resource;import java.util.List;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;@RestController@Slf4jpublic class PaymentController{ @Resource private PaymentService paymentService; @Value("${server.port}") private String serverPort; @Resource private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient; @PostMapping(value = "/payment/create") public CommonResult create(@RequestBody Payment payment) { int result = paymentService.create(payment); log.info("*****插入结果:"+result); if(result > 0) { return new CommonResult(200,"插入数据库成功,serverPort: "+serverPort,result); }else{ return new CommonResult(444,"插入数据库失败",null); } } @GetMapping(value = "/payment/get/{id}") public CommonResult<Payment> getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) { Payment payment = paymentService.getPaymentById(id); if(payment != null) { return new CommonResult(200,"查询成功,serverPort: "+serverPort,payment); }else{ return new CommonResult(444,"没有对应记录,查询ID: "+id,null); } } @GetMapping(value = "/payment/discovery") public Object discovery() { List<String> services = discoveryClient.getServices(); for (String element : services) { log.info("*****element: "+element); } List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE"); for (ServiceInstance instance : instances) { log.info(instance.getServiceId()+"\t"+instance.getHost()+"\t"+instance.getPort()+"\t"+instance.getUri()); } return this.discoveryClient; } @GetMapping(value = "/payment/lb") public String getPaymentLB() { return serverPort; } @GetMapping(value = "/payment/feign/timeout") public String paymentFeignTimeout() { // 业务逻辑处理正确,但是需要耗费3秒钟 try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return serverPort; } @GetMapping("/payment/zipkin") public String paymentZipkin() { return "hi ,i'am paymentzipkin server fall back,welcome to atguigu,O(∩_∩)O哈哈~"; }}
3.服务消费者(调用方)
<!--包含了sleuth+zipkin--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId> </dependency>
cloud-consumer-order80
POM
<!--包含了sleuth+zipkin--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId> </dependency>
YML
server: port: 80spring: application: name: cloud-order-service zipkin: base-url: http://localhost:9411 sleuth: sampler: probability: 1eureka: client: #表示是否将自己注册进EurekaServer默认为true。 register-with-eureka: false #是否从EurekaServer抓取已有的注册信息,默认为true。单节点无所谓,集群必须设置为true才能配合ribbon使用负载均衡 fetchRegistry: true service-url: #单机 #defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka # 集群 defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka # 集群版
业务类OrderController
// ====================> zipkin+sleuth @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/zipkin") public String paymentZipkin() { String result = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8001"+"/payment/zipkin/", String.class); return result; }
4.依次启动eureka7001/8001/80
80调用8001几次测试下
5.打开浏览器访问:http:localhost:9411
会出现以下界面
查看
查看依赖关系
原理
17.SpringCloud Alibaba入门简介
why会出现SpringCloud alibaba
Spring Cloud Netflix项目进入维护模式
https://spring.io/blog/2018/12/12/spring-cloud-greenwich-rc1-available-now
说明
SpringCloud NetFlix Projects Entering Maintenance Mode
什么是维护模式
进入维护模式意味着什么呢?
SpringCloud alibaba带来了什么?
是什么
https://github.com/alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba/blob/master/README-zh.md
能干嘛
去哪下
https://github.com/alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba/blob/master/README-zh.md
怎么玩
Sentinel:把流量作为切入点,从流量控制、熔断降级、系统负载保护等多个维度保护服务的稳定性。Nacos:一个更易于构建云原生应用的动态服务发现、配置管理和服务管理平台。RocketMQ:一款开源的分布式消息系统,基于高可用分布式集群技术,提供低延时的、高可靠的消息发布与订阅服务。Dubbo:Apache Dubbo™ 是一款高性能 Java RPC 框架。Seata:阿里巴巴开源产品,一个易于使用的高性能微服务分布式事务解决方案。Alibaba Cloud ACM:一款在分布式架构环境中对应用配置进行集中管理和推送的应用配置中心产品。Alibaba Cloud OSS: 阿里云对象存储服务(Object Storage Service,简称 OSS),是阿里云提供的海量、安全、低成本、高可靠的云存储服务。您可以在任何应用、任何时间、任何地点存储和访问任意类型的数据。Alibaba Cloud SchedulerX: 阿里中间件团队开发的一款分布式任务调度产品,提供秒级、精准、高可靠、高可用的定时(基于 Cron 表达式)任务调度服务。Alibaba Cloud SMS: 覆盖全球的短信服务,友好、高效、智能的互联化通讯能力,帮助企业迅速搭建客户触达通道。
SpringCloud alibaba学习资料获取
官网
https://spring.io/projects/spring-cloud-alibaba#overview
英文
https://github.com/alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba
https://spring-cloud-alibaba-group.github.io/github-pages/greenwich/spring-cloud-alibaba.html
中文
https://github.com/alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba/blob/master/README-zh.md
18.SpringCloud Alibaba Nacos服务注册和配置中心
Nacos简介
为什么叫Nacos
前四个字母分别为Naming和Configuration的前两个字母,最后的s为Service
是什么
一个更易于构建云原生应用的动态服务发现,配置管理和服务管理中心
Nacos:Dynamic Naming and Configuration Service
Nacos就是注册中心+配置中心的组合
等价于
Nacos = Eureka+Config+Bus
能干嘛
替代Eureka做服务注册中心
替代Config做服务配置中心
去哪下
https://github.com/alibaba/Nacos
官网文档
https://nacos.io/zh-cn/index.html
https://spring-cloud-alibaba-group.github.io/github-pages/greenwich/spring-cloud-alibaba.html#_spring_cloud_alibaba_nacos_discovery
各种注册中心比较
安装并运行Nacos
本地Java8+Maven环境已经OK
先从官网下载Nacos
https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases/tag/1.1.4
解压安装包,直接运行bin目录下的startup.cmd
命令运行成功后直接访问http://localhost:8848/nacos
默认账号密码都是nacos
结果页面
Nacos作为服务注册中心演示
官网文档
基于Nacos的服务提供者
新建Module
cloudalibaba-provider-payment9001
POM
父POM
<!--spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE--><dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId> <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope></dependency>
本模块POM
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency><dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.62</version></dependency> </dependencies>
YML
server: port: 9001spring: application: name: nacos-payment-provider cloud: nacos: discovery: server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址management: endpoints: web: exposure: include: '*'
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;@EnableDiscoveryClient@SpringBootApplicationpublic class PaymentMain9001 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9001.class,args); }}
业务类
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestControllerpublic class PaymentController{ @Value("${server.port}") private String serverPort; @GetMapping(value = "/payment/nacos/{id}") public String getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) { return "nacos registry, serverPort: "+ serverPort+"\t id"+id; }}
测试
http://lcoalhost:9001/payment/nacos/1
nacos控制台
nacos服务注册中心+服务提供者9001都ok了
为了下一章节演示nacos的负载均衡,参照9001新建9002
新建cloudalibaba-provider-payment9002
9002其他步骤你懂的
或者取巧不想新建重复体力劳动,直接拷贝虚拟端口映射
基于Nacos的服务消费者
新建Module
cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order83
POM
<dependencies> <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency></dependencies>
为什么nacos支持负载均衡
YML
server: port: 83spring: application: name: nacos-order-consumer cloud: nacos: discovery: server-addr: localhost:8848service-url: nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;@EnableDiscoveryClient@SpringBootApplicationpublic class OrderNacosMain83{ public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain83.class,args); }}
业务类
ApplicationContextBean
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.config;import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;@Configurationpublic class ApplicationContextConfig{ @Bean @LoadBalanced public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() { return new RestTemplate(); }}
OrderNacosController
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;import javax.annotation.Resource;@RestController@Slf4jpublic class OrderNacosController{ @Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate; @Value("${service-url.nacos-user-service}") private String serverURL; @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/nacos/{id}") public String paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id) { return restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL+"/payment/nacos/"+id,String.class); }}
测试
nacos控制台
http://localhost:83/consumer/payment/nacos/13
83访问9001/9002,轮询负载OK
服务注册中心对比
各种注册中心对比
Nacos全景图所示
Nacos和CAP
切换
Nacos支持AP和CP模式的切换
curl -X PUT '$NACOS_SERVER:8848/nacos/v1/ns/operator/switches?entry=serverMode&value=CP'
Nacos作为服务配置中心演示
Nacos作为配置中心-基础配置
cloudalibaba-config-nacos-client3377
POM
<dependencies> <!--nacos-config--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId> </dependency> <!--nacos-discovery--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <!--web + actuator--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!--一般基础配置--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency></dependencies>
YML
why配置两个
YML
bootstrap
server: port: 3377spring: application: name: nacos-config-client cloud: nacos: discovery: server-addr: localhost:8848 #服务注册中心地址 config: server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置中心地址 file-extension: yaml #指定yaml格式的配置
application
spring: profiles: active: dev
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;@EnableDiscoveryClient@SpringBootApplicationpublic class NacosConfigClientMain3377{ public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(NacosConfigClientMain3377.class, args); }}
业务类
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.cloud.context.config.annotation.RefreshScope;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController@RefreshScopepublic class ConfigClientController{ @Value("${config.info}") private String configInfo; @GetMapping("/config/info") public String getConfigInfo() { return configInfo; }}
ConfigClientController
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.cloud.context.config.annotation.RefreshScope;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController@RefreshScopepublic class ConfigClientController{ @Value("${config.info}") private String configInfo; @GetMapping("/config/info") public String getConfigInfo() { return configInfo; }}
@RefreshScope
子主题
在Nacos中添加配置信息
Nacos中的匹配规则
理论
Nacos中的dataid的组成格式与SpringBoot配置文件中的匹配规则
官网
https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/quick-start-spring-cloud.html
实操
配置新增
nacos-config-client-dev
Nacos界面配置对应
config: info: nacos config center,version = 1from nacos config center, nacos-config-client-dev.yaml, version=1
设置DataId
公式
${spring.application.name}-${spring.profile.active}.${spring.cloud.nacos.config.file-extension}
prefix默认为spring.application.name的值
spring.profile.active既为当前环境对应的profile,可以通过配置项spring.profile.active 来配置
file-exetension为配置内容的数据格式,可以通过配置项spring.cloud.nacos.config.file-extension配置
小总结说明
历史配置
测试
启动前需要在nacos客户端-配置管理-配置管理栏目下有没有对应的yaml配置文件
运行cloud-config-nacos-client3377的主启动类
调用接口查看配置信息
http://localhost:3377/config/info
自带动态刷新
修改下Nacos中的yaml配置文件,再次调用查看配置的接口,就会发现配置已经刷新
Nacos作为配置中心-分类配置
问题
多环境多项目管理
Nacos的图形化管理界面
配置管理
命名空间
Namespace+Group+Data ID三者关系?为什么这么设计?
Case
DataID方案
指定spring.profile.active和配置文件的DataID来使不同环境下读取不同的配置
默认空间+默认分组+新建dev和test两个DataID
新建dev配置DataID
新建test配置DataID
通过spring.profile.active属性就能进行多环境下配置文件的读取
测试
http://localhost:3377/config/info
配置是什么就加载什么
test
Group方案
通过Group实现环境区分
新建Group
在nacos图形界面控制台上面新建配置文件DataID
bootstrap+application
在config下增加一条group的配置即可。可配置为DEV_GROUP或TEST_GROUP
Namespace方案
新建dev/test的Namespace
回到服务管理-服务列表查看
按照域名配置填写
YML
bootstrap
namespace:
application
Nacos集群和持久化配置(重要)
官网说明
https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/cluster-mode-quick-start.html
官网架构图(写的(┬_┬))
上图官网翻译,真实情况
说明
按照上述,我们需要mysql数据库
官网说明
https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/deployment.html
重点说明
Nacos持久化配置解释
Nacos默认自带的是嵌入式数据库derby
https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/blob/develop/config/pom.xml
derby到mysql切换配置步骤
nacos-server-1.1.4\nacos\conf目录下找到sql脚本
nacos-mysql.sql
执行脚本
CREATE DATABASE nacos_config;USE nacos_config; /* 数据库全名 = nacos_config *//* 表名称 = config_info *//******************************************/CREATE TABLE `config_info` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id', `data_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id', `group_id` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, `content` longtext NOT NULL COMMENT 'content', `md5` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'md5', `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT '2010-05-05 00:00:00' COMMENT '创建时间', `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT '2010-05-05 00:00:00' COMMENT '修改时间', `src_user` text COMMENT 'source user', `src_ip` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'source ip', `app_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL, `tenant_id` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '租户字段', `c_desc` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `c_use` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL, `effect` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL, `type` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL, `c_schema` text, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `uk_configinfo_datagrouptenant` (`data_id`,`group_id`,`tenant_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='config_info'; /******************************************//* 数据库全名 = nacos_config *//* 表名称 = config_info_aggr *//******************************************/CREATE TABLE `config_info_aggr` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id', `data_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id', `group_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'group_id', `datum_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'datum_id', `content` longtext NOT NULL COMMENT '内容', `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT '修改时间', `app_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL, `tenant_id` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '租户字段', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `uk_configinfoaggr_datagrouptenantdatum` (`data_id`,`group_id`,`tenant_id`,`datum_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='增加租户字段'; /******************************************//* 数据库全名 = nacos_config *//* 表名称 = config_info_beta *//******************************************/CREATE TABLE `config_info_beta` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id', `data_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id', `group_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'group_id', `app_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'app_name', `content` longtext NOT NULL COMMENT 'content', `beta_ips` varchar(1024) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'betaIps', `md5` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'md5', `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT '2010-05-05 00:00:00' COMMENT '创建时间', `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT '2010-05-05 00:00:00' COMMENT '修改时间', `src_user` text COMMENT 'source user', `src_ip` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'source ip', `tenant_id` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '租户字段', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `uk_configinfobeta_datagrouptenant` (`data_id`,`group_id`,`tenant_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='config_info_beta'; /******************************************//* 数据库全名 = nacos_config *//* 表名称 = config_info_tag *//******************************************/CREATE TABLE `config_info_tag` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id', `data_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id', `group_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'group_id', `tenant_id` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'tenant_id', `tag_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'tag_id', `app_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'app_name', `content` longtext NOT NULL COMMENT 'content', `md5` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'md5', `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT '2010-05-05 00:00:00' COMMENT '创建时间', `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT '2010-05-05 00:00:00' COMMENT '修改时间', `src_user` text COMMENT 'source user', `src_ip` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'source ip', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `uk_configinfotag_datagrouptenanttag` (`data_id`,`group_id`,`tenant_id`,`tag_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='config_info_tag'; /******************************************//* 数据库全名 = nacos_config *//* 表名称 = config_tags_relation *//******************************************/CREATE TABLE `config_tags_relation` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT 'id', `tag_name` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'tag_name', `tag_type` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'tag_type', `data_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'data_id', `group_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'group_id', `tenant_id` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'tenant_id', `nid` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, PRIMARY KEY (`nid`), UNIQUE KEY `uk_configtagrelation_configidtag` (`id`,`tag_name`,`tag_type`), KEY `idx_tenant_id` (`tenant_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='config_tag_relation'; /******************************************//* 数据库全名 = nacos_config *//* 表名称 = group_capacity *//******************************************/CREATE TABLE `group_capacity` ( `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键ID', `group_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'Group ID,空字符表示整个集群', `quota` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '配额,0表示使用默认值', `usage` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '使用量', `max_size` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '单个配置大小上限,单位为字节,0表示使用默认值', `max_aggr_count` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '聚合子配置最大个数,,0表示使用默认值', `max_aggr_size` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '单个聚合数据的子配置大小上限,单位为字节,0表示使用默认值', `max_history_count` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '最大变更历史数量', `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT '2010-05-05 00:00:00' COMMENT '创建时间', `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT '2010-05-05 00:00:00' COMMENT '修改时间', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `uk_group_id` (`group_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='集群、各Group容量信息表'; /******************************************//* 数据库全名 = nacos_config *//* 表名称 = his_config_info *//******************************************/CREATE TABLE `his_config_info` ( `id` bigint(64) unsigned NOT NULL, `nid` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `data_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `group_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL, `app_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'app_name', `content` longtext NOT NULL, `md5` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL, `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT '2010-05-05 00:00:00', `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT '2010-05-05 00:00:00', `src_user` text, `src_ip` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL, `op_type` char(10) DEFAULT NULL, `tenant_id` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '租户字段', PRIMARY KEY (`nid`), KEY `idx_gmt_create` (`gmt_create`), KEY `idx_gmt_modified` (`gmt_modified`), KEY `idx_did` (`data_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='多租户改造'; /******************************************//* 数据库全名 = nacos_config *//* 表名称 = tenant_capacity *//******************************************/CREATE TABLE `tenant_capacity` ( `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键ID', `tenant_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'Tenant ID', `quota` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '配额,0表示使用默认值', `usage` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '使用量', `max_size` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '单个配置大小上限,单位为字节,0表示使用默认值', `max_aggr_count` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '聚合子配置最大个数', `max_aggr_size` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '单个聚合数据的子配置大小上限,单位为字节,0表示使用默认值', `max_history_count` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '最大变更历史数量', `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT '2010-05-05 00:00:00' COMMENT '创建时间', `gmt_modified` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT '2010-05-05 00:00:00' COMMENT '修改时间', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `uk_tenant_id` (`tenant_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='租户容量信息表'; CREATE TABLE `tenant_info` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id', `kp` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'kp', `tenant_id` varchar(128) default '' COMMENT 'tenant_id', `tenant_name` varchar(128) default '' COMMENT 'tenant_name', `tenant_desc` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'tenant_desc', `create_source` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'create_source', `gmt_create` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '创建时间', `gmt_modified` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '修改时间', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `uk_tenant_info_kptenantid` (`kp`,`tenant_id`), KEY `idx_tenant_id` (`tenant_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='tenant_info'; CREATE TABLE users ( username varchar(50) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, password varchar(500) NOT NULL, enabled boolean NOT NULL); CREATE TABLE roles ( username varchar(50) NOT NULL, role varchar(50) NOT NULL); INSERT INTO users (username, password, enabled) VALUES ('nacos', '$2a$10$EuWPZHzz32dJN7jexM34MOeYirDdFAZm2kuWj7VEOJhhZkDrxfvUu', TRUE); INSERT INTO roles (username, role) VALUES ('nacos', 'ROLE_ADMIN');
nacos-server-1.1.4\nacos\conf目录下找到application.properties
spring.datasource.platform=mysql db.num=1db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://11.162.196.16:3306/nacos_devtest?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=truedb.user=nacos_devtestdb.password=youdontknow##################################################spring.datasource.platform=mysql db.num=1db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/nacos_config?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=truedb.user=rootdb.password=123456
启动nacos,可以看到是个全新的空记录界面,以前是记录进derby
Linux版Nacos+MySQL生产环境配置
预计需要,1个nginx+3个nacos注册中心+1个mysql
Nacos下载linux版本
https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases/tag/1.1.4
nacos-server-1.1.4.tar.gz
解压后安装
集群配置步骤(重点)
1.Linux服务器上mysql数据库配置
SQL脚本在哪里
sql语句源文件
nacos-mysql.sql
自己Linux机器上的Mysql数据库黏贴
执行后结果
2.application.properties配置
位置
内容
spring.datasource.platform=mysql db.num=1db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://1.7.0.1:3306/nacos_config?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=truedb.user=rootdb.password=HF_mysql_654321 mysql 授权远程访问GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;flush privileges;
3.Linux服务器上nacos的集群配置cluster.conf
梳理出3台nacos机器的不同服务端口号
复制出cluster.conf
内容
这个IP不能写127.0.0.1,必须是Linux命令hostname -i能够识别的IP
4.编辑Nacos的启动脚本startup.sh,使它能够接受不同的启动端
/mynacos/nacos/bin目录下有startup.sh
在什么地方,修改什么,怎么修改
思考
修改内容
执行方式
5.Nginx的配置,由它作为负载均衡器
修改nginx的配置文件
nginx.conf
upstream cluster{ server 127.0.0.1:3333; server 127.0.0.1:4444; server 127.0.0.1:5555;} server{ listen 1111; server_name localhost; location /{ proxy_pass http://cluster; }....省略
按照指定启动
6.截止到此处,1个Nginx+3个nacos注册中心+1个mysql
测试通过nginx访问nacos
https://写你自己虚拟机的ip:1111/nacos/#/login
新建一个配置测试
linux服务器的mysql插入一条记录
测试
微服务cloudalibaba-provider-payment9002启动注册进nacos集群
yml
server-addr: 写你自己的虚拟机ip:1111
结果
高可用小总结
19.SpringCloud Alibaba Sentinel实现熔断与限流
Sentinel
官网
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel
中文
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D
是什么
一句话解释,之前我们讲解过的Hystrix
去哪下
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/releases
能干嘛
怎么玩
https://spring-cloud-alibaba-group.github.io/github-pages/greenwich/spring-cloud-alibaba.html#_spring_cloud_alibaba_sentinel
服务使用中的各种问题
服务雪崩
服务降级
服务熔断
服务限流
安装Sentinel控制台
sentinel组件由2部分组成
后台
前台8080
安装步骤
下载
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/releases
下载到本地sentinel-dashboard-1.7.0.jar
运行命令
前提
java8环境OK
8080端口不能被占用
命令
java -jar sentinel-dashboard-1.7.0.jar
访问sentinel管理界面
http://localhost:8080
登录账号密码均为sentinel
初始化演示工程
启动Nacos8848成功
http://localhost:8848/nacos/#/login
Module
cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401</artifactId> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId> <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId> <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId> <version>4.6.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
YML
server: port: 8401spring: application: name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service cloud: nacos: discovery: server-addr: localhost:8848 sentinel: transport: dashboard: localhost:8080 port: 8719 #默认8719,假如被占用了会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描。直至找到未被占用的端口management: endpoints: web: exposure: include: '*'
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;@EnableDiscoveryClient@SpringBootApplicationpublic class MainApp8401{ public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(MainApp8401.class, args); }}
业务类FlowLimitController
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestControllerpublic class FlowLimitController{ @GetMapping("/testA") public String testA() { return "------testA"; } @GetMapping("/testB") public String testB() { return "------testB"; }}
启动Sentinel8080
java -jar sentinel-dashboard-1.7.0
启动微服务8401
启动8401微服务后查看sentienl控制台
空空如也,啥都没有
Sentinel采用的懒加载说明
执行一次访问即可
http://localhost:8401/testA
http://localhost:8401/testB
效果
结论
sentinel8080正在监控微服务8401
流控规则
基本介绍
进一步解释说明
流控模式
直接(默认)
直接->快速失败
系统默认
配置及说明
测试
快速点击访问http://localhost:8401/testA
结果
Blocked by Sentinel (flow limiting)
思考???
直接调用默认报错信息,技术方面OK but,是否应该有我们自己的后续处理?
类似有一个fallback的兜底方法?
关联
是什么?
当关联的资源达到阈值时,就限流自己
当与A关联的资源B达到阈值后,就限流自己
B惹事,A挂了
配置A
postman模拟并发密集访问testB
访问testB成功
postman里新建多线程集合组
将访问地址添加进新线程组
Run
大批量线程高并发访问B,导致A失效了
运行后发现testA挂了
点击访问http://localhost:8401/testA
结果
Blocked by Sentinel (flow limiting)
链路
多个请求调用了同一个微服务
家庭作业试试
流控效果
直接->快速失败(默认的流控处理)
直接失败,抛出异常
Blocked by Sentinel (flow limiting)
源码
com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.controller.DefaultController
预热
说明
公式:阈值除以coldFactor(默认值为3),经过预热时长后才会达到阈值
官网
默认coldFactor为3,即请求QPS从threshold/3开始,经预热时长逐渐升至设定的QPS阈值。
限流 冷启动
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E9%99%90%E6%B5%81---%E5%86%B7%E5%90%AF%E5%8A%A8
源码
com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.controller.WarmUpController
子主题
Warmup配置
多次点击http://localhost:8401/testB
刚开始不行,后续慢慢OK
应用场景
排队等待
匀速排队,阈值必须设置为QPS
官网
源码
com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.controller.RateLimiterController
测试
降级规则
官网
基本介绍
进一步说明
Sentinel的断路器是没有半开状态的
半开的状态系统自动去检测是否请求有异常,没有异常就关闭断路器恢复使用,有异常则继续打开断路器不可用。具体可以参考Hystrix
复习Hystrix
降级策略实战
RT
是什么
测试
代码
@GetMapping("/testD") public String testD() { try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } log.info("testD 测试RT"); return "------testD"; }
配置
jmeter压测
结论
异常比例
是什么
测试
代码
@GetMapping("/testD") public String testD() { log.info("testD 测试RT"); int age = 10/0; return "------testD"; }
配置
jmeter
结论
异常数
是什么
异常数是按照分钟统计的
测试
代码
@GetMapping("/testE")public String testE(){ log.info("testE 测试异常数"); int age = 10/0; return "------testE 测试异常数";}
配置
http://localhost:8401/testE
jmeter
热点key限流
基本介绍
是什么
官网
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/热点参数限流
承上启下复习start
@SentinelResource
代码
@GetMapping("/testHotKey")@SentinelResource(value = "testHotKey",blockHandler = "deal_testHotKey")public String testHotKey(@RequestParam(value = "p1",required = false) String p1, @RequestParam(value = "p2",required = false) String p2) { //int age = 10/0; return "------testHotKey";}//兜底方法public String deal_testHotKey (String p1, String p2, BlockException exception){ return "------deal_testHotKey,o(╥﹏╥)o"; }
com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException
配置
配置
1
@SentinelResource(value = "testHotKey")
异常打到了前台用户界面看不到,不友好
2
@SentinelResource(value = "testHotKey",blockHandler = "deal_testHotKey")
方法testHostKey里面第一个参数只要QPS超过每秒1次,马上降级处理
用了我们自己定义的
测试
error
http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p1=abc
error
http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p1=abc&p2=33
right
http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p2=abc
参数例外项
上述案例演示了第一个参数p1,当QPS超过1秒1次点击后马上被限流
特殊情况
普通
超过1秒钟一个后,达到阈值1后马上被限流
我们期望p1参数当它是某个特殊值时,它的限流值和平时不一样
特例
假如当p1的值等于5时,它的阈值可以达到200
配置
子主题
添加按钮不能忘
测试
http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p1=5
http://localhost:8401/testHotKey?p1=3
当p1等于5的时候,阈值变为200
当p1不等于5的时候,阈值就是平常的1
前提条件
热点参数的注意点,参数必须是基本类型或者String
其他
手贱添加异常看看....
后面讲
系统规则
是什么
https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%87%AA%E9%80%82%E5%BA%94%E9%99%90%E6%B5%81
各项配置参数说明
配置全局QPS
@SentinelResource
按资源名称限流+后续处理
启动Nacos成功
启动Sentinel成功
Module
cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401
POM
<dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version></dependency>
YML
server: port: 8401spring: application: name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service cloud: nacos: discovery: server-addr: localhost:8848 sentinel: transport: dashboard: localhost:8080 port: 8719 #默认8719,假如被占用了会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描。直至找到未被占用的端口management: endpoints: web: exposure: include: '*'
业务类RateLimitController
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.*;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestControllerpublic class RateLimitController{ @GetMapping("/byResource") @SentinelResource(value = "byResource",blockHandler = "handleException") public CommonResult byResource() { return new CommonResult(200,"按资源名称限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial001")); } public CommonResult handleException(BlockException exception) { return new CommonResult(444,exception.getClass().getCanonicalName()+"\t 服务不可用"); }
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;@EnableDiscoveryClient@SpringBootApplicationpublic class MainApp8401{ public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(MainApp8401.class, args); }}
配置流控规则
配置步骤
图形配置和代码关系
表示1秒钟内查询次数大于1,就跑到我们自定义的处流,限流
测试
1秒钟点击1下,OK
超过上述问题,疯狂点击,返回了自己定义的限流处理信息,限流发送
额外问题
此时关闭微服务8401看看
Sentinel控制台,流控规则消失了?????
临时/持久?
按照Url地址限流+后续处理
通过访问的URL来限流,会返回Sentinel自带默认的限流处理信息
业务类RateLimitController
@GetMapping("/rateLimit/byUrl")@SentinelResource(value = "byUrl")public CommonResult byUrl(){ return new CommonResult(200,"按url限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial002"));}
访问一次
Sentinel控制台配置
测试
疯狂点击http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl
结果
上面兜底方法面临的问题
客户自定义限流处理逻辑
创建customerBlockHandler类用于自定义限流处理逻辑
自定义限流处理类
CustomerBlockHandler
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.myhandler;import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.*;public class CustomerBlockHandler { public static CommonResult handleException(BlockException exception) { return new CommonResult(2020, "自定义限流处理信息....CustomerBlockHandler"); }}
RateLimitController
@GetMapping("/rateLimit/customerBlockHandler")@SentinelResource(value = "customerBlockHandler", blockHandlerClass = CustomerBlockHandler.class, blockHandler = "handlerException2")public CommonResult customerBlockHandler(){ return new CommonResult(200,"按客戶自定义",new Payment(2020L,"serial003"));}
启动微服务后先调用一次
http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/customerBlockHandler
Sentinel控制台配置
测试后我们自定义的出来了
进一步说明
更多注解属性说明
多说一句
Sentinel主要有三个核心API
SphU定义资源
Tracer定义统计
ContextUtil定义了上下文
服务熔断功能
sentinel整合ribbon+openFeign+fallback
Ribbon系列
启动nacos和sentinel
提供者9003/9004
新建cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003/9004
POM
<dependencies> <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity --> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!--日常通用jar包配置--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency></dependencies>
YML
server: port: 9003spring: application: name: nacos-payment-provider cloud: nacos: discovery: server-addr: localhost:8848 #配置Nacos地址management: endpoints: web: exposure: include: '*'
记得修改不同的端口号
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;@SpringBootApplication@EnableDiscoveryClientpublic class PaymentMain9003{ public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9003.class, args); }}
业务类
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.CommonResult;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.Payment;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.HashMap;@RestControllerpublic class PaymentController{ @Value("${server.port}") private String serverPort; public static HashMap<Long, Payment> hashMap = new HashMap<>(); static{ hashMap.put(1L,new Payment(1L,"28a8c1e3bc2742d8848569891fb42181")); hashMap.put(2L,new Payment(2L,"bba8c1e3bc2742d8848569891ac32182")); hashMap.put(3L,new Payment(3L,"6ua8c1e3bc2742d8848569891xt92183")); } @GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}") public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id){ Payment payment = hashMap.get(id); CommonResult<Payment> result = new CommonResult(200,"from mysql,serverPort: "+serverPort,payment); return result; }}
测试地址
http://localhost:9003/paymentSQL/1
消费者84
新建cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84
POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84</artifactId> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
YML
server: port: 84spring: application: name: nacos-order-consumer cloud: nacos: discovery: server-addr: localhost:8848 sentinel: transport: dashboard: localhost:8080 port: 8719service-url: nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider
主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;@EnableDiscoveryClient@SpringBootApplication@EnableFeignClientspublic class OrderNacosMain84{ public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args); }}
业务类
ApplicationContextConfig
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.config;import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;@Configurationpublic class ApplicationContextConfig{ @Bean @LoadBalanced public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() { return new RestTemplate(); }}
CircleBreakerController的全部源码
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.CommonResult;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.Payment;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;import javax.annotation.Resource;@RestController@Slf4jpublic class CircleBreakerController { public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider"; @Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate; @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}") //@SentinelResource(value = "fallback") //没有配置 //@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback") //fallback只负责业务异常 //@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler") //blockHandler只负责sentinel控制台配置违规 @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler", exceptionsToIgnore = {IllegalArgumentException.class}) public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id) { CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id, CommonResult.class,id); if (id == 4) { throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常...."); }else if (result.getData() == null) { throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常"); } return result; } //fallback public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable Long id,Throwable e) { Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null"); return new CommonResult<>(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception内容 "+e.getMessage(),payment); } //blockHandler public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable Long id,BlockException blockException) { Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null"); return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException "+blockException.getMessage(),payment); }}
修改后请重启微服务
热部署对java代码级生效及时
对@SentinelResource注解内属性,有时效果不好
目的
fallback管运行异常
blockHandler管配置违规
测试地址
http://localhost:84/consumer/fallback/1
没有任何配置
@RestController@Slf4jpublic class CircleBreakerController{ public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider"; @Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate; @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}") @SentinelResource(value = "fallback") public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id) { CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class,id); if (id == 4) { throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常...."); }else if (result.getData() == null) { throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常"); } return result; }
给客户error页面,不友好
只配置fallback
编码(那个业务类下面的CircleBreakerController的全部源码)
只配置blockHandler
编码(那个业务类下面的CircleBreakerController的全部源码)
fallback和blockHandler都配置
结果
忽略属性...
编码(那个业务类下面的CircleBreakerController的全部源码)
图说
Feign系列
修改84模块
POM
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId></dependency>
YML
server: port: 84spring: application: name: nacos-order-consumer cloud: nacos: discovery: server-addr: localhost:8848 sentinel: transport: dashboard: localhost:8080 port: 8719service-url: nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider#对Feign的支持feign: sentinel: enabled: true
业务类
带@FeignClient注解的业务接口
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.CommonResult;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.Payment;import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;@FeignClient(value = "nacos-payment-provider",fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class)public interface PaymentService{ @GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}") public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id);}
fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class
PaymentFallbackService实现类
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.CommonResult;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.Payment;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Componentpublic class PaymentFallbackService implements PaymentService{ @Override public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(Long id) { return new CommonResult<>(44444,"服务降级返回,---PaymentFallbackService",new Payment(id,"errorSerial")); }}
Controller
// OpenFeign@Resourceprivate PaymentService paymentService;@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/paymentSQL/{id}")public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id) { return paymentService.paymentSQL(id);}
主启动
添加@EnableFeignClients启动Feign的功能
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;@EnableDiscoveryClient@SpringBootApplication@EnableFeignClientspublic class OrderNacosMain84{ public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args); }}
http://lcoalhost:84/consumer/openfeign/1
http://lcoalhost:84/consumer/paymentSQL/1
测试84调用9003,此时故意关闭9003微服务提供者,看84消费侧自动降级,不会被耗死
熔断框架比较
规则持久化
是什么
一旦我们重启应用,Sentinel规则将消失,生产环境需要将配置规则进行持久化
怎么玩
将限流配置规则持久化进Nacos保存,只要刷新8401某个rest地址,sentinel控制台的流控规则就能看到,只要Nacos里面的配置不删除,针对8401上Sentinel上的流控规则持续有效
步骤
修改cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401
POM
<dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId> <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId></dependency>
YML
server: port: 8401spring: application: name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service cloud: nacos: discovery: server-addr: localhost:8848 #Nacos服务注册中心地址 sentinel: transport: dashboard: localhost:8080 #配置Sentinel dashboard地址 port: 8719 datasource: ds1: nacos: server-addr: localhost:8848 dataId: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service groupId: DEFAULT_GROUP data-type: json rule-type: flowmanagement: endpoints: web: exposure: include: '*'feign: sentinel: enabled: true # 激活Sentinel对Feign的支持
添加Nacos数据源配置
spring: cloud: sentinel: datasource: ds1: nacos: server-addr:localhost:8848 dataid:${spring.application.name} groupid:DEFAULT_GROUP data-type:json rule-type:flow
添加Nacos业务规则配置
内容解析
[ { "resource": "/retaLimit/byUrl", "limitApp": "default", "grade": 1, "count": 1, "strategy": 0, "controlBehavior": 0, "clusterMode": false }]
启动8401后刷新sentinel发现业务规则有了
快速访问测试接口
http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl
默认
子主题
停止8401再看sentinel
重新启动8401再看sentinel
扎一看还是没有,稍等一会儿
多次调用
http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl
重新配置出现了,持久化验证通过
20.SpringCloud Alibaba Seata处理分布式事务
分布式事务问题
分布式前
单机单库没这个问题
从1:1 -> 1:N -> N: N
分布式之后
一句话
一次业务操作需要跨多个数据源或需要跨多个系统进行远程调用,就会产生分布式事务问题
Seata简介
是什么
Seata是一款开源的分布式事务解决方案,致力于在微服务架构下提供高性能和简单易用的分布式事务服务
官网地址
http://seata.io/zh-cn/
能干嘛
一个典型的分布式事务过程
分布式事务处理过程的-ID+三组件模型
Transaction ID XID
全局唯一的事务ID
3组件概念
Transaction Coordinator(TC)
事务协调器,维护全局事务的运行状态,负责协调并驱动全局事务的提交或回滚;
Transaction Manager(TM)
控制全局事务的边界,负责开启一个全局事务,并最终发起全局提交或全局回滚的决议;
Resource Manager(RM)
控制分支事务,负责分支注册,状态汇报,并接收事务协调器的指令,驱动分支(本地)事务的提交和回滚;
处理过程
去哪下
发布说明:https://github.com/seata/seata/releases
怎么玩
Spring 本地@Transactional
全局@GlobalTransactional
SEATA的分布式交易解决方案
Seata-Server安装
1.官网地址
http://seata.io/zh-cn/
2.下载版本
3.seata-server-0.9.0.zip解压到指定目录并修改conf目录下的file.conf配置文件
先备份原始file.conf文件
主要修改:自定义事务组名称+事务日志存储模式为db+数据库连接信息
file.conf
service模块
vgroup_mapping.my_test_tx_group = "fsp_tx_group"
store模块
mode = "db" url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata" user = "root" password = "你自己的密码"
4.mysql5.7数据库新建库seata
5.在seata库里建表
建表db_store.sql在\seata-server-0.9.0\seata\conf目录里面
db_store.sql
SQL
-- the table to store GlobalSession datadrop table if exists `global_table`;create table `global_table` ( `xid` varchar(128) not null, `transaction_id` bigint, `status` tinyint not null, `application_id` varchar(32), `transaction_service_group` varchar(32), `transaction_name` varchar(128), `timeout` int, `begin_time` bigint, `application_data` varchar(2000), `gmt_create` datetime, `gmt_modified` datetime, primary key (`xid`), key `idx_gmt_modified_status` (`gmt_modified`, `status`), key `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`));-- the table to store BranchSession datadrop table if exists `branch_table`;create table `branch_table` ( `branch_id` bigint not null, `xid` varchar(128) not null, `transaction_id` bigint , `resource_group_id` varchar(32), `resource_id` varchar(256) , `lock_key` varchar(128) , `branch_type` varchar(8) , `status` tinyint, `client_id` varchar(64), `application_data` varchar(2000), `gmt_create` datetime, `gmt_modified` datetime, primary key (`branch_id`), key `idx_xid` (`xid`));-- the table to store lock datadrop table if exists `lock_table`;create table `lock_table` ( `row_key` varchar(128) not null, `xid` varchar(96), `transaction_id` long , `branch_id` long, `resource_id` varchar(256) , `table_name` varchar(32) , `pk` varchar(36) , `gmt_create` datetime , `gmt_modified` datetime, primary key(`row_key`));
6.修改seata-server-0.9.0\seata\conf目录下的registry.conf配置文件
registry { # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa type = "nacos" nacos { serverAddr = "localhost:8848" namespace = "" cluster = "default" }目的是:指明注册中心为nacos,及修改nacos连接信息
7.先启动Nacos端口号8848
8.再启动seata-server
softs\seata-server-0.9.0\seata\bin
seata-server.bat
订单/库存/账户业务数据库准备
以下演示都需要先启动Nacos后启动Seata,保证两个都OK
Seata没启动报错no available server to connect
分布式事务业务说明
业务说明
下订单-->扣库存-->减账户(余额)
创建业务数据库
seata_order: 存储订单的数据库
seata_storage:存储库存的数据库
seata_account: 存储账户信息的数据库
建表SQL
CREATE DATABASE seata_order; CREATE DATABASE seata_storage; CREATE DATABASE seata_account;
按照上述3库分别建对应业务表
seata_order库下建t_order表
CREATE TABLE t_order( `id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, `user_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户id', `product_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '产品id', `count` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '数量', `money` DECIMAL(11,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '金额', `status` INT(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '订单状态:0:创建中; 1:已完结') ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=7 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; SELECT * FROM t_order;
seata_storage库下建t_storage表
CREATE TABLE t_storage( `id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, `product_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '产品id', `'total` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总库存', `used` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '已用库存', `residue` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '剩余库存') ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; INSERT INTO seata_storage.t_storage(`id`,`product_id`,`total`,`used`,`residue`)VALUES('1','1','100','0','100'); SELECT * FROM t_storage;
seata_account库下建t_account表
CREATE TABLE t_account( `id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY COMMENT 'id', `user_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户id', `total` DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总额度', `used` DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '已用余额', `residue` DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '剩余可用额度') ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; INSERT INTO seata_account.t_account(`id`,`user_id`,`total`,`used`,`residue`) VALUES('1','1','1000','0','1000') SELECT * FROM t_account;
按照上述3库分别建对应的回滚日志表
订单-库存-账户3个库下都需要建各自的回滚日志表
\seata-server-0.9.0\seata\conf目录下的db_undo_log.sql
建表SQL
drop table `undo_log`;CREATE TABLE `undo_log` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL, `xid` varchar(100) NOT NULL, `context` varchar(128) NOT NULL, `rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL, `log_status` int(11) NOT NULL, `log_created` datetime NOT NULL, `log_modified` datetime NOT NULL, `ext` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
最终效果
订单/库存/账户业务微服务准备
业务需求
下订单->减库存->扣余额->改(订单)状态
新建订单Order-Module
1.seata-order-service2001
2.POM
<dependencies> <!--nacos--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <!--seata--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>seata-all</artifactId> <groupId>io.seata</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.seata</groupId> <artifactId>seata-all</artifactId> <version>0.9.0</version> </dependency> <!--feign--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> <!--web-actuator--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!--mysql-druid--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.37</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.1.10</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.0.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> </dependencies>
3.YML
server: port: 2001spring: application: name: seata-order-service cloud: alibaba: seata: #自定义事务组名称需要与seata-server中的对应 tx-service-group: fsp_tx_group nacos: discovery: server-addr: localhost:8848 datasource: driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/seata_order username: root password: 1111111feign: hystrix: enabled: falselogging: level: io: seata: infomybatis: mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
4.file.conf
transport { # tcp udt unix-domain-socket type = "TCP" #NIO NATIVE server = "NIO" #enable heartbeat heartbeat = true #thread factory for netty thread-factory { boss-thread-prefix = "NettyBoss" worker-thread-prefix = "NettyServerNIOWorker" server-executor-thread-prefix = "NettyServerBizHandler" share-boss-worker = false client-selector-thread-prefix = "NettyClientSelector" client-selector-thread-size = 1 client-worker-thread-prefix = "NettyClientWorkerThread" # netty boss thread size,will not be used for UDT boss-thread-size = 1 #auto default pin or 8 worker-thread-size = 8 } shutdown { # when destroy server, wait seconds wait = 3 } serialization = "seata" compressor = "none"}service { vgroup_mapping.fsp_tx_group = "default" default.grouplist = "127.0.0.1:8091" enableDegrade = false disable = false max.commit.retry.timeout = "-1" max.rollback.retry.timeout = "-1" disableGlobalTransaction = false}client { async.commit.buffer.limit = 10000 lock { retry.internal = 10 retry.times = 30 } report.retry.count = 5 tm.commit.retry.count = 1 tm.rollback.retry.count = 1}## transaction log storestore { ## store mode: file、db mode = "db" ## file store file { dir = "sessionStore" # branch session size , if exceeded first try compress lockkey, still exceeded throws exceptions max-branch-session-size = 16384 # globe session size , if exceeded throws exceptions max-global-session-size = 512 # file buffer size , if exceeded allocate new buffer file-write-buffer-cache-size = 16384 # when recover batch read size session.reload.read_size = 100 # async, sync flush-disk-mode = async } ## database store db { ## the implement of javax.sql.DataSource, such as DruidDataSource(druid)/BasicDataSource(dbcp) etc. datasource = "dbcp" ## mysql/oracle/h2/oceanbase etc. db-type = "mysql" driver-class-name = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata" user = "root" password = "123456" min-conn = 1 max-conn = 3 global.table = "global_table" branch.table = "branch_table" lock-table = "lock_table" query-limit = 100 }}lock { ## the lock store mode: local、remote mode = "remote" local { ## store locks in user's database } remote { ## store locks in the seata's server }}recovery { #schedule committing retry period in milliseconds committing-retry-period = 1000 #schedule asyn committing retry period in milliseconds asyn-committing-retry-period = 1000 #schedule rollbacking retry period in milliseconds rollbacking-retry-period = 1000 #schedule timeout retry period in milliseconds timeout-retry-period = 1000}transaction { undo.data.validation = true undo.log.serialization = "jackson" undo.log.save.days = 7 #schedule delete expired undo_log in milliseconds undo.log.delete.period = 86400000 undo.log.table = "undo_log"}## metrics settingsmetrics { enabled = false registry-type = "compact" # multi exporters use comma divided exporter-list = "prometheus" exporter-prometheus-port = 9898}support { ## spring spring { # auto proxy the DataSource bean datasource.autoproxy = false }}
5.registry.conf
registry { # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa type = "nacos" nacos { serverAddr = "localhost:8848" namespace = "" cluster = "default" } eureka { serviceUrl = "http://localhost:8761/eureka" application = "default" weight = "1" } redis { serverAddr = "localhost:6379" db = "0" } zk { cluster = "default" serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181" session.timeout = 6000 connect.timeout = 2000 } consul { cluster = "default" serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500" } etcd3 { cluster = "default" serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379" } sofa { serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:9603" application = "default" region = "DEFAULT_ZONE" datacenter = "DefaultDataCenter" cluster = "default" group = "SEATA_GROUP" addressWaitTime = "3000" } file { name = "file.conf" }}config { # file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3 type = "file" nacos { serverAddr = "localhost" namespace = "" } consul { serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500" } apollo { app.id = "seata-server" apollo.meta = "http://192.168.1.204:8801" } zk { serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181" session.timeout = 6000 connect.timeout = 2000 } etcd3 { serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379" } file { name = "file.conf" }}
6.domain
CommonResult
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.domain;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;import lombok.Data;import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;@Data@AllArgsConstructor@NoArgsConstructorpublic class CommonResult<T>{ private Integer code; private String message; private T data; public CommonResult(Integer code, String message) { this(code,message,null); }}
Order
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.domain;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;import lombok.Data;import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;import java.math.BigDecimal;@Data@AllArgsConstructor@NoArgsConstructorpublic class Order{ private Long id; private Long userId; private Long productId; private Integer count; private BigDecimal money; private Integer status; //订单状态:0:创建中;1:已完结}
7.Dao接口及实现
OrderDao
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.dao; import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.domain.Order;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param; @Mapperpublic interface OrderDao{ //新建订单 void create(Order order); //修改订单状态,从零改为1 void update(@Param("userId") Long userId,@Param("status") Integer status);}
resources文件夹下新建mapper文件夹后添加
OrderMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" ><mapper namespace="com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.dao.OrderDao"> <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.domain.Order"> <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"/> <result column="user_id" property="userId" jdbcType="BIGINT"/> <result column="product_id" property="productId" jdbcType="BIGINT"/> <result column="count" property="count" jdbcType="INTEGER"/> <result column="money" property="money" jdbcType="DECIMAL"/> <result column="status" property="status" jdbcType="INTEGER"/> </resultMap> <insert id="create"> insert into t_order (id,user_id,product_id,count,money,status) values (null,#{userId},#{productId},#{count},#{money},0); </insert> <update id="update"> update t_order set status = 1 where user_id=#{userId} and status = #{status}; </update></mapper>
8.Service接口及实现
OrderService
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.domain.Order;public interface OrderService{ void create(Order order);}
OrderServiceImpl
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service.impl; import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.dao.OrderDao;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.domain.Order;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service.AccountService;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service.OrderService;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service.StorageService;import io.seata.spring.annotation.GlobalTransactional;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Sl f4j;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import javax.annotation.Resource; @Service@Slf4jpublic class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService{ @Resource private OrderDao orderDao; @Resource private StorageService storageService; @Resource private AccountService accountService; /** * 创建订单->调用库存服务扣减库存->调用账户服务扣减账户余额->修改订单状态 */ @Override @GlobalTransactional(name = "fsp-create-order",rollbackFor = Exception.class) public void create(Order order){ log.info("----->开始新建订单"); //新建订单 orderDao.create(order); //扣减库存 log.info("----->订单微服务开始调用库存,做扣减Count"); storageService.decrease(order.getProductId(),order.getCount()); log.info("----->订单微服务开始调用库存,做扣减end"); //扣减账户 log.info("----->订单微服务开始调用账户,做扣减Money"); accountService.decrease(order.getUserId(),order.getMoney()); log.info("----->订单微服务开始调用账户,做扣减end"); //修改订单状态,从零到1代表已经完成 log.info("----->修改订单状态开始"); orderDao.update(order.getUserId(),0); log.info("----->修改订单状态结束"); log.info("----->下订单结束了"); }}
StorageService
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.domain.CommonResult;import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;import java.math.BigDecimal;@FeignClient(value = "seata-storage-service")public interface StorageService{ @PostMapping(value = "/storage/decrease") CommonResult decrease(@RequestParam("productId") Long productId, @RequestParam("count") Integer count);}
AccountService
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.domain.CommonResult;import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;import java.math.BigDecimal;@FeignClient(value = "seata-account-service")public interface AccountService{ @PostMapping(value = "/account/decrease") CommonResult decrease(@RequestParam("userId") Long userId, @RequestParam("money") BigDecimal money);}
9.Controller
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.domain.CommonResult;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.domain.Order;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service.OrderService;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import javax.annotation.Resource;@RestControllerpublic class OrderController{ @Resource private OrderService orderService; @GetMapping("/order/create") public CommonResult create(Order order) { orderService.create(order); return new CommonResult(200,"订单创建成功"); }}
10.Config配置
MyBatisConfig
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.config;import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration@MapperScan({"com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.dao"})public class MyBatisConfig {}
DataSourceProxyConfig
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.config;import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;import io.seata.rm.datasource.DataSourceProxy;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;import org.mybatis.spring.transaction.SpringManagedTransactionFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;import javax.sql.DataSource;@Configurationpublic class DataSourceProxyConfig { @Value("${mybatis.mapperLocations}") private String mapperLocations; @Bean @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource") public DataSource druidDataSource(){ return new DruidDataSource(); } @Bean public DataSourceProxy dataSourceProxy(DataSource dataSource) { return new DataSourceProxy(dataSource); } @Bean public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactoryBean(DataSourceProxy dataSourceProxy) throws Exception { SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSourceProxy); sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(mapperLocations)); sqlSessionFactoryBean.setTransactionFactory(new SpringManagedTransactionFactory()); return sqlSessionFactoryBean.getObject(); }}
11.主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;@EnableDiscoveryClient@EnableFeignClients@SpringBootApplication(exclude = DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class)//取消数据源自动创建的配置public class SeataOrderMainApp2001{ public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SeataOrderMainApp2001.class, args); }}
新建库存Storage-Module
1.seata-order-service2002
2.POM
<dependencies> <!--nacos--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <!--seata--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>seata-all</artifactId> <groupId>io.seata</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.seata</groupId> <artifactId>seata-all</artifactId> <version>0.9.0</version> </dependency> <!--feign--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.0.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.37</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.1.10</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> </dependencies>
3.YML
server: port: 2002spring: application: name: seata-storage-service cloud: alibaba: seata: tx-service-group: fsp_tx_group nacos: discovery: server-addr: localhost:8848 datasource: driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/seata_storage username: root password: 111111logging: level: io: seata: infomybatis: mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
4.file.conf
transport { # tcp udt unix-domain-socket type = "TCP" #NIO NATIVE server = "NIO" #enable heartbeat heartbeat = true #thread factory for netty thread-factory { boss-thread-prefix = "NettyBoss" worker-thread-prefix = "NettyServerNIOWorker" server-executor-thread-prefix = "NettyServerBizHandler" share-boss-worker = false client-selector-thread-prefix = "NettyClientSelector" client-selector-thread-size = 1 client-worker-thread-prefix = "NettyClientWorkerThread" # netty boss thread size,will not be used for UDT boss-thread-size = 1 #auto default pin or 8 worker-thread-size = 8 } shutdown { # when destroy server, wait seconds wait = 3 } serialization = "seata" compressor = "none"}service { #vgroup->rgroup vgroup_mapping.fsp_tx_group = "default" #only support single node default.grouplist = "127.0.0.1:8091" #degrade current not support enableDegrade = false #disable disable = false #unit ms,s,m,h,d represents milliseconds, seconds, minutes, hours, days, default permanent max.commit.retry.timeout = "-1" max.rollback.retry.timeout = "-1" disableGlobalTransaction = false}client { async.commit.buffer.limit = 10000 lock { retry.internal = 10 retry.times = 30 } report.retry.count = 5 tm.commit.retry.count = 1 tm.rollback.retry.count = 1}transaction { undo.data.validation = true undo.log.serialization = "jackson" undo.log.save.days = 7 #schedule delete expired undo_log in milliseconds undo.log.delete.period = 86400000 undo.log.table = "undo_log"}support { ## spring spring { # auto proxy the DataSource bean datasource.autoproxy = false }}
5.registry.conf
registry { # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk type = "nacos" nacos { serverAddr = "localhost:8848" namespace = "" cluster = "default" } eureka { serviceUrl = "http://localhost:8761/eureka" application = "default" weight = "1" } redis { serverAddr = "localhost:6381" db = "0" } zk { cluster = "default" serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181" session.timeout = 6000 connect.timeout = 2000 } file { name = "file.conf" }}config { # file、nacos 、apollo、zk type = "file" nacos { serverAddr = "localhost" namespace = "" cluster = "default" } apollo { app.id = "fescar-server" apollo.meta = "http://192.168.1.204:8801" } zk { serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181" session.timeout = 6000 connect.timeout = 2000 } file { name = "file.conf" }}
6.domain
CommonResult
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.domain;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;import lombok.Data;import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;@Data@AllArgsConstructor@NoArgsConstructorpublic class CommonResult<T>{ private Integer code; private String message; private T data; public CommonResult(Integer code, String message) { this(code,message,null); }}
Storage
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.domain;import lombok.Data;@Datapublic class Storage { private Long id; // 产品id private Long productId; //总库存 private Integer total; //已用库存 private Integer used; //剩余库存 private Integer residue;}
7.Dao接口及实现
StorageDao
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.dao;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;@Mapperpublic interface StorageDao { //扣减库存信息 void decrease(@Param("productId") Long productId, @Param("count") Integer count);}
resources文件夹下新建mapper文件夹后添加
StorageMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" ><mapper namespace="com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.dao.StorageDao"> <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.domain.Storage"> <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"/> <result column="product_id" property="productId" jdbcType="BIGINT"/> <result column="total" property="total" jdbcType="INTEGER"/> <result column="used" property="used" jdbcType="INTEGER"/> <result column="residue" property="residue" jdbcType="INTEGER"/> </resultMap> <update id="decrease"> UPDATE t_storage SET used = used + #{count},residue = residue - #{count} WHERE product_id = #{productId} </update></mapper>
8.Service接口及实现
StorageService
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service;public interface StorageService { // 扣减库存 void decrease(Long productId, Integer count);}
StorageServiceImpl
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service.impl;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.dao.StorageDao;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service.StorageService ;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import javax.annotation.Resource;@Servicepublic class StorageServiceImpl implements StorageService { private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StorageServiceImpl.class); @Resource private StorageDao storageDao; // 扣减库存 @Override public void decrease(Long productId, Integer count) { LOGGER.info("------->storage-service中扣减库存开始"); storageDao.decrease(productId,count); LOGGER.info("------->storage-service中扣减库存结束"); }}
9.Controller
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.domain.CommonResult ;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service.StorageService ;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestControllerpublic class StorageController { @Autowired private StorageService storageService; //扣减库存 @RequestMapping("/storage/decrease") public CommonResult decrease(Long productId, Integer count) { storageService.decrease(productId, count); return new CommonResult(200,"扣减库存成功!"); }}
10.Config配置
MyBatisConfig
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.config;import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration@MapperScan({"com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.dao"})public class MyBatisConfig {}
DataSourceProxyConfig
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.config;import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;import io.seata.rm.datasource.DataSourceProxy;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;import org.mybatis.spring.transaction.SpringManagedTransactionFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;import javax.sql.DataSource;@Configurationpublic class DataSourceProxyConfig { @Value("${mybatis.mapperLocations}") private String mapperLocations; @Bean @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource") public DataSource druidDataSource(){ return new DruidDataSource(); } @Bean public DataSourceProxy dataSourceProxy(DataSource dataSource) { return new DataSourceProxy(dataSource); } @Bean public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactoryBean(DataSourceProxy dataSourceProxy) throws Exception { SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSourceProxy); sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(mapperLocations)); sqlSessionFactoryBean.setTransactionFactory(new SpringManagedTransactionFactory()); return sqlSessionFactoryBean.getObject(); }}
11.主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Arrays;import java.util.List;import java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread;@SpringBootApplication(exclude = DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class)@EnableDiscoveryClient@EnableFeignClientspublic class SeataStorageServiceApplication2002{ public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SeataStorageServiceApplication2002.class, args); }}
新建账户Account-Module
子主题
1.seata-order-service2003
2.POM
<dependencies> <!--nacos--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <!--seata--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>seata-all</artifactId> <groupId>io.seata</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.seata</groupId> <artifactId>seata-all</artifactId> <version>0.9.0</version> </dependency> <!--feign--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.0.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.37</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.1.10</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> </dependencies>
3.YML
server: port: 2003spring: application: name: seata-account-service cloud: alibaba: seata: tx-service-group: fsp_tx_group nacos: discovery: server-addr: localhost:8848 datasource: driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/seata_account username: root password: 1111111feign: hystrix: enabled: falselogging: level: io: seata: infomybatis: mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
4.file.conf
transport { # tcp udt unix-domain-socket type = "TCP" #NIO NATIVE server = "NIO" #enable heartbeat heartbeat = true #thread factory for netty thread-factory { boss-thread-prefix = "NettyBoss" worker-thread-prefix = "NettyServerNIOWorker" server-executor-thread-prefix = "NettyServerBizHandler" share-boss-worker = false client-selector-thread-prefix = "NettyClientSelector" client-selector-thread-size = 1 client-worker-thread-prefix = "NettyClientWorkerThread" # netty boss thread size,will not be used for UDT boss-thread-size = 1 #auto default pin or 8 worker-thread-size = 8 } shutdown { # when destroy server, wait seconds wait = 3 } serialization = "seata" compressor = "none"}service { vgroup_mapping.fsp_tx_group = "default" #修改自定义事务组名称 default.grouplist = "127.0.0.1:8091" enableDegrade = false disable = false max.commit.retry.timeout = "-1" max.rollback.retry.timeout = "-1" disableGlobalTransaction = false}client { async.commit.buffer.limit = 10000 lock { retry.internal = 10 retry.times = 30 } report.retry.count = 5 tm.commit.retry.count = 1 tm.rollback.retry.count = 1}## transaction log storestore { ## store mode: file、db mode = "db" ## file store file { dir = "sessionStore" # branch session size , if exceeded first try compress lockkey, still exceeded throws exceptions max-branch-session-size = 16384 # globe session size , if exceeded throws exceptions max-global-session-size = 512 # file buffer size , if exceeded allocate new buffer file-write-buffer-cache-size = 16384 # when recover batch read size session.reload.read_size = 100 # async, sync flush-disk-mode = async } ## database store db { ## the implement of javax.sql.DataSource, such as DruidDataSource(druid)/BasicDataSource(dbcp) etc. datasource = "dbcp" ## mysql/oracle/h2/oceanbase etc. db-type = "mysql" driver-class-name = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata" user = "root" password = "123456" min-conn = 1 max-conn = 3 global.table = "global_table" branch.table = "branch_table" lock-table = "lock_table" query-limit = 100 }}lock { ## the lock store mode: local、remote mode = "remote" local { ## store locks in user's database } remote { ## store locks in the seata's server }}recovery { #schedule committing retry period in milliseconds committing-retry-period = 1000 #schedule asyn committing retry period in milliseconds asyn-committing-retry-period = 1000 #schedule rollbacking retry period in milliseconds rollbacking-retry-period = 1000 #schedule timeout retry period in milliseconds timeout-retry-period = 1000}transaction { undo.data.validation = true undo.log.serialization = "jackson" undo.log.save.days = 7 #schedule delete expired undo_log in milliseconds undo.log.delete.period = 86400000 undo.log.table = "undo_log"}## metrics settingsmetrics { enabled = false registry-type = "compact" # multi exporters use comma divided exporter-list = "prometheus" exporter-prometheus-port = 9898}support { ## spring spring { # auto proxy the DataSource bean datasource.autoproxy = false }}
5.registry.conf
registry { # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa type = "nacos" nacos { serverAddr = "localhost:8848" namespace = "" cluster = "default" } eureka { serviceUrl = "http://localhost:8761/eureka" application = "default" weight = "1" } redis { serverAddr = "localhost:6379" db = "0" } zk { cluster = "default" serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181" session.timeout = 6000 connect.timeout = 2000 } consul { cluster = "default" serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500" } etcd3 { cluster = "default" serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379" } sofa { serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:9603" application = "default" region = "DEFAULT_ZONE" datacenter = "DefaultDataCenter" cluster = "default" group = "SEATA_GROUP" addressWaitTime = "3000" } file { name = "file.conf" }}config { # file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3 type = "file" nacos { serverAddr = "localhost" namespace = "" } consul { serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500" } apollo { app.id = "seata-server" apollo.meta = "http://192.168.1.204:8801" } zk { serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181" session.timeout = 6000 connect.timeout = 2000 } etcd3 { serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379" } file { name = "file.conf" }}
6.domain
CommonResult
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.domain;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;import lombok.Data;import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;@Data@AllArgsConstructor@NoArgsConstructorpublic class CommonResult<T>{ private Integer code; private String message; private T data; public CommonResult(Integer code, String message) { this(code,message,null); }}
Account
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.domain;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;import lombok.Data;import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;import java.math.BigDecimal;@Data@AllArgsConstructor@NoArgsConstructorpublic class Account { private Long id; /** * 用户id */ private Long userId; /** * 总额度 */ private BigDecimal total; /** * 已用额度 */ private BigDecimal used; /** * 剩余额度 */ private BigDecimal residue;}
7.Dao接口及实现
AccountDao
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.dao;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;import java.math.BigDecimal;@Mapperpublic interface AccountDao { /** * 扣减账户余额 */ void decrease(@Param("userId") Long userId, @Param("money") BigDecimal money);}
resources文件夹下新建mapper文件夹后添加
AccountMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" ><mapper namespace="com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.dao.AccountDao"> <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.domain.Account"> <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"/> <result column="user_id" property="userId" jdbcType="BIGINT"/> <result column="total" property="total" jdbcType="DECIMAL"/> <result column="used" property="used" jdbcType="DECIMAL"/> <result column="residue" property="residue" jdbcType="DECIMAL"/> </resultMap> <update id="decrease"> UPDATE t_account SET residue = residue - #{money},used = used + #{money} WHERE user_id = #{userId}; </update></mapper>
8.Service接口及实现
AccountService
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;import java.math.BigDecimal;public interface AccountService { /** * 扣减账户余额 */ void decrease(@RequestParam("userId") Long userId, @RequestParam("money") BigDecimal money);}
AccountServiceImpl
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service.impl;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.dao.AccountDao;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service.AccountService ;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import javax.annotation.Resource;import java.math.BigDecimal;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;/** * 账户业务实现类 */@Servicepublic class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService { private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AccountServiceImpl.class); @Resource AccountDao accountDao; /** * 扣减账户余额 */ @Override public void decrease(Long userId, BigDecimal money) { LOGGER.info("------->account-service中扣减账户余额开始"); try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(20); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } accountDao.decrease(userId,money); LOGGER.info("------->account-service中扣减账户余额结束"); }}
9.Controller
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.domain.CommonResult ;import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.service.AccountService ;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import javax.annotation.Resource;import java.math.BigDecimal;@RestControllerpublic class AccountController { @Resource AccountService accountService; /** * 扣减账户余额 */ @RequestMapping("/account/decrease") public CommonResult decrease(@RequestParam("userId") Long userId, @RequestParam("money") BigDecimal money){ accountService.decrease(userId,money); return new CommonResult(200,"扣减账户余额成功!"); }}
10.Config配置
MyBatisConfig
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.config;import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration@MapperScan({"com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.dao"})public class MyBatisConfig {}
DataSourceProxyConfig
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.config;import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;import io.seata.rm.datasource.DataSourceProxy;import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;import org.mybatis.spring.transaction.SpringManagedTransactionFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;import javax.sql.DataSource;@Configurationpublic class DataSourceProxyConfig { @Value("${mybatis.mapperLocations}") private String mapperLocations; @Bean @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource") public DataSource druidDataSource(){ return new DruidDataSource(); } @Bean public DataSourceProxy dataSourceProxy(DataSource dataSource) { return new DataSourceProxy(dataSource); } @Bean public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactoryBean(DataSourceProxy dataSourceProxy) throws Exception { SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSourceProxy); sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(mapperLocations)); sqlSessionFactoryBean.setTransactionFactory(new SpringManagedTransactionFactory()); return sqlSessionFactoryBean.getObject(); }}
11.主启动
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;@SpringBootApplication(exclude = DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class)@EnableDiscoveryClient@EnableFeignClientspublic class SeataAccountMainApp2003{ public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SeataAccountMainApp2003.class, args); }}
Test
下订单->减库存->扣余额->改(订单)状态
数据库初始情况
正常下单
http://localhost:2001/order/create?userid=1&producrid=1&counr=10&money=100
数据库情况
超时异常,没加@GlobalTransactional
AccountServiceImpl添加超时
数据库情况
故障情况
当库存和账户余额扣减后,订单状态并没有设置为已经完成,没有从零改为1
而且由于feign的重试机制,账户余额还有可能被多次扣减
超时异常,添加@GlobalTransactional
AccountServiceImpl添加超时
OrderServiceImpl@GlobalTransactional
下单后数据库数据并没有任何改变
记录都添加不进来
Seata之原理简介
Seata
2019年1月份蚂蚁金服和阿里巴巴共同开源的分布式事务解决方案
Simple Extensible Autonomous Transaction Architecture,简单可扩展自治事务框架
2020起初,参加工作后用1.0以后的版本
子主题
再看TC/TM/RM三大组件
分布式事务的执行流程
TM开启分布式事务(TM向TC注册全局事务记录)
换业务场景,编排数据库,服务等事务内资源(RM向TC汇报资源准备状态)
TM结束分布式事务,事务一阶段结束(TM通知TC提交/回滚分布式事务)
TC汇总事务信息,决定分布式事务是提交还是回滚
TC通知所有RM提交/回滚资源,事务二阶段结束。
AT模式如何做到对业务的无侵入
是什么
一阶段加载
二阶段提交
二阶段回滚
debug
补充