unit 4 lesson planning

833，王蔷，教学计划是教学的框架，教师预先在其中决定教学目标和教学方法。适当的教案对于新手和有经验的教师都是不可或缺的，因为它能帮助教师理解课程目的、规划活动、选择技巧，并区分不同难度等级的活动，使课程能够顺利推进。

unit 4 lesson planning

• whiy is lesson planning important
  • 论述
    • 第一段：：定义+原因
      • a lesson plan is a framework of a lesson in which teachers ale advance decisions about what they hope to achieve and how they would like to achieve it.
      • proper lesson plan is essential for both novice and experienced teachers. Language teachers benefit from lesson planning in a number of ways.
    • 第二段：阐述（分几点）
      • make teachers aware of the aims and language contents of the lesson, so as to plan the activities and choose the techniques accordingly
      • helps teachers distinguish the various stages of a lesson and see the relationship between them so that the activities of different difficulty levels can be arranged properly and the lesson can move smoothly from one stage to another.
      • gives teachers the opportunity to anticipate potential problems so that they can be prepared,
      • give teachers, esp.novice ones, confidence in class
      • rasises teacher's awarness of the teaching aids needed
      • planning is a good practice and a sign of professionalism
      • to enable the teacher to improve class timing
      • lesson plans are also an aid to continuing development
    • 第三段：总结（用自己的话，如plan←→practice←→reflection
• principles for good lesson planning
  • aim
    • the realistic gials fot the lesson
    • what students are able to do by the end of the lesson
  • variety
    • different types of activities
    • a wide selection of materials
  • flexibility
    • preparing some extra and alterntive tasks and activities
  • learnability
    • the contens and tasks planned should be within the learning capability of the studens.
    • doing things that are beyong or below the students' coping ability will diminish their motivation
  • linkage
    • the stages and the steps within each stage are linked with one another.
• macro planning and micro planning
  • macro
    • 教学计划
    • planning over a long period of time which is often done by a group of teachers, it provides a genral guidance for language teachers
    • involves
      • knowing about the profession
      • institution
      • learners
      • curriculum/syllabus
      • textbook
      • objectives
  • micro
    • 教案
    • planning for a specific unit or a lesson, which usually lasts from one to two weeks or forty to fifty minutes respectively. Micro planning is often an individual acitivity and different teachers may have different ways of writing their own lesson plans.
• the components of lesson plan
  • background information
  • teaching aims
  • teaching content and skills
  • stages and procedures
  • teaching aids
  • end of lesson summary
  • optional activities and assignment
  • after lesson reflection
• the component of lesson planning