unit 10 teaching speaking

833，王蔷，教学口语是指教师在从事教育教学活动的过程中所使用的专业口头语言，是教学信息的载体。是教师最基本、最广泛的表达工具，用于向学生传递知识、解释概念、讲解问题等。

unit 10 teaching speaking

• Why should students learn speaking
  • The skill will be judged
  • First impression
• Differences between speaking and writing
  • Spontaneous
    • To do more forward-thinking and planning than natives
    • Advantage compared with writing: immediate feedback
  • Time- constraint
• Common features of spoken language
  • Using less complex syntax
  • Taking short cuts
    • Eg. Incomplete sentences
  • Using fixed conventional phrases/ chunks
  • Using devices to give time to think before speaking
    • Fillers
    • Hesitation devices
• Principles
  • Balancing accuracy-based with fluency-based practices
    • Sufficient linguistic competence
    • Opportunities to develop fluency
    • How to allocate time?
      • Context
      • Students’ level of proficiency
      • Resources available
  • Contextualising practice
    • Different meaningful context
  • Personalizing practice
  • Building up confidence
  • Maximizing meaningful interactions
    • Small groups or in pairs
      • Advantages
        • Talk a lot
        • Not afraid
        • More natural
        • Learn to work cooperatively and it helps them develop interpersonal skills
  • Helping students develop speaking strategies
  • Making the best use of classroom learning environment to provide sufficient language input and practice for the students.
• Tasks
  • Considerations of designing tasks
    • Language proficiency level of students
    • Maximum foreign talk
      • Students chat in their native language
      • Teachers talk too much
    • Even participation
    • High motivation
    • Right language level
  • Types
    • Why
      • Cope with different situations in reality
      • High motivation
      • Different learning styles
    • Purpose for listening
      • Get information
      • Social reasons
    • Activities
      • Littlewood
        • Pre-communicative activities
          • Structural activities
          • Quasi-communicative activities
        • Communicative activities
          • Functional communication activities
          • Social interaction activities
      • Divide
        • Controlled activities
        • Semi-controlled activities
        • Communicative activities
      • Types
        • Information-gap activities
        • Dialogues
        • Role-play
        • Cue cards
        • Activities using pictures
          • All level benefits
        • Problem-solving activities
          • Productive
          • Advanced
        • Other speaking activities
        • Change the story
        • Human scrabble