1.一般名词后加-S,S在清辅音后读{S},在浊辅音后读[Z]
2.以[s].[z]. [ ʃ ].[ʒ] [tʃ] [dʒ]结尾的名词,加es,如果结尾为e,则只加-s。读[iz]---class-classes, box-boxes watch-watches rose-roses ,brush-brushes bridge-bridges
3.以辅音字母+o结尾的名词,多数情况下加-es,es读【z】
tomato-tomatoes , potato-potatoes, hero-heroes ;以元音字母+o结尾的名词,一般加-s,也是读作[z]。 radio-radios , zoo-zoos ,video-videos
4.以-f或fe结尾的名词,大多数变f或fe为 ves, 读作[vz] ,thief-thieves ,knife-knives ,half-halves, wife-wives, life-lives,shelf-shelves, wolf-wolves
5.以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加 es;baby-babies, city-cities, factory-factories 以元音字母+y结尾的名词,直接加-s。 day-days boy-boys toy-toys
6.以th 结尾的名词,一般加-s。mouth-mouths, path-paths ,.