限定词不定代词

限定词不定代词整理，包括：Some, any, no；Many, much, few, little；all, each, none；both, either, neither；other, another；one, several。

限定词（定语）不定代词

• Some, any, no
  • 功能：表示存在数量，但不确定多少
    • 有几个
      • 意义接近于 a few/ a little
  • Some, any 表示一些，在句中可代指主语和宾语的准代词
    • 肯定用some, 疑问、否定用any
      • 指人或其它可数物
        • Some of his books are very exciting.
        • Do you know any of the people?
      • 指不可数物
        • I don't need any more money.
        • He kept some and gave the rest away.
    • some有时可用于疑问句，但是此时期待有肯定答复
      • Did some of you sleep on the floor?
      • Can I take some of this paper?
    • any可表示任何一个
      • 组合不定代词中也存在的数学语言
      • Any is good enough for me.
      • I'll take any that you don't want.
  • some,any，no 作定语的用法(限定词）
    • 肯定用some, 疑问、否定用any, no表示没有，等于not any.
      • 功能：其实就是组合不定代词的后缀随意化了
        • 不再是固定的人：body/one, 物：thing.
      • 修饰可数名词
        • She bought some biscuits.
        • There are scarcely any flowers in the gardon.
        • Did he catch any fish?
        • No man is born wise.
      • 修饰不可数名词
        • Some work is pleasant.
        • I have hardly any spare time.
        • Have you any money on you?
        • Marting did no reading that night.
  • Some, any, no的特别用法
    • some用于请求或反问句中（希望得到肯定回答）
      • Could you lend me some money?
      • Would you like some tea?
      • Aren't there some eggs in the fridge?
    • some有时和单数可数名词联用，表示某个（=certain)
      • 仅仅特指一个
      • He had a good position in some shipping firm.
      • There must be some reason for what he's done.
    • any可表示“任何（一个）”，有时意思较弱，接近于一个不定冠词
      • He wanted a job, any sort of a job.
      • If you see any(=an) interesting book, please buy it for me.
    • no 可构成否定句， 等于 not a:
      • He found that this was no light task.
      • He's no friend of mine.
• Many, much, few, little
  • 功能：粗略表示数量多少，但仍不确定，是一个瞬间估算行为, 而且还给出了指涉对象的“数性质“
    • 多
      • many, much
        • 汉语中区分不明显
          • many是很多
            • 表明指涉对象是可数的
          • much是好多
            • 表明指涉对象是不可数的
    • 很少(否定)
      • few
        • 几个
          • 表明指涉对象是可数的
      • little
        • 一点
          • 表明指涉对象是不可数的
    • 意义接近于some(肯定)
      • a few
        • 有几个
          • 表明指涉对象是可数的
      • a little
        • 有一点
          • 表明指涉对象是不可数的
  • 在句中作定语（限定词）
    • 修饰可数名词
      • many
        • 主要用于疑问句和否定句中.
          • Do you have many friends?
          • I wonder how many people will be at the party.
          • Not many people are interested in the activity.
        • 也可在句中修饰主语等.
          • Many people do not get enough to eat.
          • Many students supported the plan.
        • 还可和too, so, as等词一起用.
          • There are too many mistakes in this essay.
          • I never saw so many swans on the lake.
          • As many as ten people were found living in a single room.
      • few
        • many反义词.
          • They exchanged few words.
          • There are few man more than six feet tall.
      • a few
        • 表示“有几个”.
          • He asked us a few questions.
          • Only a few students were awarded scholarships.
    • 修饰不可数名词
      • much
        • 主要用于疑问句和否定句中.
          • Do you take much interest in it?
          • We don't have much free time.
        • 也可在肯定句中和too, so等词联用， 或用在句首.
          • You've given me too much food.
          • So much time has been wasted that way.
      • little
        • much 反义词， 带有否定意味，意四接近于no.
          • They had very little money.
          • She had little spare time.
          • I had little opportunity of seeing the country.
      • a little
        • 表示”有一点“.
          • Come in and have a little whisky.
          • There's only a little time left, isn't there?
  • 在句中作主语，宾语等的准代词
    • 代表可数名词
      • many
        • 表示很多人或东西，代表可数名词.
          • Not many of us will pass the examination.
          • Many of people at meeting left early.
          • How many do you need?
      • few
        • many反义词，表示很少人或东西，可代表可数名词.
          • I knew few of the people there.
          • Very few of the books are easy enough for me.
      • a few
        • 有肯定的意思，表有几个，代表可数的东西.
          • Only a few of the people who applied were suitable.
          • She's written lots of books but I've only read a few (of them).
    • 代表不可数名词
      • much
        • 表示”好多“，可代表不可数的东西.
          • Much of this information has been inaccurate.
          • I have much to talk over with him.
      • little
        • much反义词，表示”很少“ 只代表不可数的东西.
          • He had little to tell us.
          • You eat too little.
      • a little
        • 也有肯定的意思，表示”一点儿“， 代表不可数的东西
          • Tell me a little about his illness.
          • Try and eat a little.
• all, each, none
  • 功能：圈上集合中全部元素
  • all
    • 在句中作定语（限定词）
      • 修饰可数名词， 表示”所有的“
        • All these girls were anaemic.
        • She has read all these books.
        • All my children can swim.
      • 修饰不可数名词，表示”一切“
        • All hope has gone.
        • He has lost all his money.
        • not all food is good to eat.
      • 还可与可数名词单数连用，表示”整个“
        • He spent all that year in London.
        • He worked hard all his life.
    • 在句中作代指主语或宾语的准代词
      • 表示可数的东西
        • All were sharply criticized.
        • I brought all of them.
        • That afternoon it seemed all disappointment.
      • 表示不可数的东西
        • Now all was changed.
        • Take all of it.
        • I know that all was well with her.
    • 在句中可用作同位语
      • all后边还可跟一定语修饰它
        • All I can say is that we are extremely sorry.
        • I have said all I intended to say.
      • The people at the meeting all voted against it.
      • She has read them all.
      • Know it all.
      • My children can all swim.
  • each
    • 不论是作定语还是主语，都视为单数，谓语动词都是单数
    • 在句中作定语（限定词）
      • 表示”每一个“
        • He gave each child a present.
        • Each lesson lasts an hour.
    • 在句中作主语和宾语的准代词
      • Each of the houses is painted a different color.
      • He gave two to each.
    • 有时还可做主语和宾语的同位语
      • They went each to the room assigned.
      • He gave the Children a present each.
  • 否定词none和no
    • no作定语
    • none
      • 作主语
        • None of them has(have) replied yet.
        • None of us would have said such a thing.
      • 宾语或介词宾语
        • I like none of these pictures.
        • Some people own several houses, others have none.
      • 同位语
        • We none of us live around here.
        • They have none of them fulfilled their tasks.
        • He has none of his brother's selfishness.
          • 指不可数抽象名词
• 功能
  • 数量上的不确定性
• both, either, neither
  • 功能：两者间对比专用..
    • 注意它们还能构成三个并列连词
      • both...and...
      • either...or....
      • neither...nor...
  • both
    • 视为复数
    • 用作定语（限定词）
      • Both women were French.
      • He is blind in both eyes.
    • 用作主语
      • He has two brothers; both live in Seattle.
      • Both of my parents live in London.
    • 用作宾语
      • I'll borrow both of them.
      • Why not do both?
    • 用作同位语
      • His parents were both dead.
      • I shall read them both.
  • either
    • 视为单数
    • 用作定语（限定词）
      • either proposal will have my support.
      • He could write with either hand.
      • You can park on either side of the street.
    • 用作主语
      • Either of us is willing to help.
      • Either of the plans is equally good.
    • 用作宾语
      • I like either of these.
      • You can ask either of us for help.
  • neither
    • 视为单数
    • 用作定语
      • Neither statement is true.
      • Neither book is satisfactory.
    • 用作主语
      • I tried on two dresses, but neither fits me.
      • Neither of them had a restaurant car.
    • 用作宾语
      • I could answer neither of the questions.
      • She got neither of your letters.
    • 用作同位语
      • They neither of them said anything.
      • I hope that you'll neither of you say anything more.
• other, another
  • 功能：跳跃到指涉圈圈外，another也有些复制的意思..
  • other
    • 用作定语（限定词）
      • 表 ”另外的，别的， 其他的“
        • Miss Brown and other teachers are there.
        • Are there any other questions?
    • 用作准代词， 表”另外那个（的人），别的..."
      • 用作主语
        • One of the boys is named Tom, the other named David.
        • I went swimming while the others played tennis.
      • 用作宾语
        • He raised one arm and then the other.
        • I don't like this one , have you got any others?
  • another
    • 用作定语（限定词）
      • 表“另一个”
        • Now she was in another difficulty.
        • He's writing another novel.
        • He could get another girl to do my typing.
      • 表“又一个”
        • She had another cup of tea.
        • In another year she will go to school.
      • 和数词连用表“又n个”
        • I've still got another 3 questions to answer.
        • In another 2 weeks it will be finished.
    • 用作准代词，表“另外一个”
      • 主语
        • Then another put up his hand.
        • There was a rainbow in the sky, and another in his breast.
      • 宾语
        • They've got 3 Children aldready and they are having another.
        • If you've already seen that film, you can go and see another.
      • 表语
        • saying is one thing and doing is another.
        • Is this another of your schemes to make money?
• one, several
  • 功能：都表示数量的存在
    • one表示存在是以1为数量
    • several表示存在较为显著>1的数量，又不太多。不定数量，但有范围，类似some
  • one
    • 限定词，表“一个”
      • One flower makes no garland.
      • The journy takes one hour.
      • 和表示时间的名词连用
        • One night there flew over the city a little swallow.
        • You'll regret it one day.
      • 有时还可表示“唯一的”
        • She was the one bright ray in his narrow gloomy life.
        • He's the one man who can do it.
    • 用作准代词，代指
      • 主语
        • One of the 3 boys won a scholarship.
        • Only one of them was invited.
      • 宾语或介词宾语
        • Let me have one.
        • It's one for all and all for one.
        • The twins are so alike that it's hard to tell one from the other.
      • 表语
        • Perhaps you're one of the luckiest ones.
        • She's the quiet one.
    • 泛指一般人
      • One could see that he was very upset.
      • How is one to interpret his action?
      • One has to do one's best.
    • 代替刚刚提到过的可数的东西
      • The Question was a complicated one.
      • And the big fish continues to devour the little ones.
    • 可以和一代词或形容词连用
      • Which one do you mean?
        • I mean this(that) one.
      • Can you show me a better one?
      • I want larger ones, not small ones.
  • several
    • 限定词，表"几个"
      • Several boys were injured.
      • My friend speaks several languages.
      • We received several replies to our inquiry.
    • 准代词
      • 作主语
        • Several of us decided to walk home.
        • There are several here that I don't know.
      • 作宾语
        • I already have several.
        • He invited several of his frinds to the show.