导图社区 限定词不定代词
限定词不定代词整理,包括:Some, any, no;Many, much, few, little;all, each, none;both, either, neither;other, another;one, several。
编辑于2022-06-12 21:17:53限定词(定语)不定代词
Some, any, no
功能:表示存在数量,但不确定多少
有几个
意义接近于 a few/ a little
Some, any 表示一些,在句中可代指主语和宾语的准代词
肯定用some, 疑问、否定用any
指人或其它可数物
Some of his books are very exciting.
Do you know any of the people?
指不可数物
I don't need any more money.
He kept some and gave the rest away.
some有时可用于疑问句,但是此时期待有肯定答复
Did some of you sleep on the floor?
Can I take some of this paper?
any可表示任何一个
组合不定代词中也存在的数学语言
Any is good enough for me.
I'll take any that you don't want.
some,any,no 作定语的用法(限定词)
肯定用some, 疑问、否定用any, no表示没有,等于not any.
功能:其实就是组合不定代词的后缀随意化了
不再是固定的人:body/one, 物:thing.
修饰可数名词
She bought some biscuits.
There are scarcely any flowers in the gardon.
Did he catch any fish?
No man is born wise.
修饰不可数名词
Some work is pleasant.
I have hardly any spare time.
Have you any money on you?
Marting did no reading that night.
Some, any, no的特别用法
some用于请求或反问句中(希望得到肯定回答)
Could you lend me some money?
Would you like some tea?
Aren't there some eggs in the fridge?
some有时和单数可数名词联用,表示某个(=certain)
仅仅特指一个
He had a good position in some shipping firm.
There must be some reason for what he's done.
any可表示“任何(一个)”,有时意思较弱,接近于一个不定冠词
He wanted a job, any sort of a job.
If you see any(=an) interesting book, please buy it for me.
no 可构成否定句, 等于 not a:
He found that this was no light task.
He's no friend of mine.
Many, much, few, little
功能:粗略表示数量多少,但仍不确定,是一个瞬间估算行为, 而且还给出了指涉对象的“数性质“
多
many, much
汉语中区分不明显
many是很多
表明指涉对象是可数的
much是好多
表明指涉对象是不可数的
很少(否定)
few
几个
表明指涉对象是可数的
little
一点
表明指涉对象是不可数的
意义接近于some(肯定)
a few
有几个
表明指涉对象是可数的
a little
有一点
表明指涉对象是不可数的
在句中作定语(限定词)
修饰可数名词
many
主要用于疑问句和否定句中.
Do you have many friends?
I wonder how many people will be at the party.
Not many people are interested in the activity.
也可在句中修饰主语等.
Many people do not get enough to eat.
Many students supported the plan.
还可和too, so, as等词一起用.
There are too many mistakes in this essay.
I never saw so many swans on the lake.
As many as ten people were found living in a single room.
few
many反义词.
They exchanged few words.
There are few man more than six feet tall.
a few
表示“有几个”.
He asked us a few questions.
Only a few students were awarded scholarships.
修饰不可数名词
much
主要用于疑问句和否定句中.
Do you take much interest in it?
We don't have much free time.
也可在肯定句中和too, so等词联用, 或用在句首.
You've given me too much food.
So much time has been wasted that way.
little
much 反义词, 带有否定意味,意四接近于no.
They had very little money.
She had little spare time.
I had little opportunity of seeing the country.
a little
表示”有一点“.
Come in and have a little whisky.
There's only a little time left, isn't there?
在句中作主语,宾语等的准代词
代表可数名词
many
表示很多人或东西,代表可数名词.
Not many of us will pass the examination.
Many of people at meeting left early.
How many do you need?
few
many反义词,表示很少人或东西,可代表可数名词.
I knew few of the people there.
Very few of the books are easy enough for me.
a few
有肯定的意思,表有几个,代表可数的东西.
Only a few of the people who applied were suitable.
She's written lots of books but I've only read a few (of them).
代表不可数名词
much
表示”好多“,可代表不可数的东西.
Much of this information has been inaccurate.
I have much to talk over with him.
little
much反义词,表示”很少“ 只代表不可数的东西.
He had little to tell us.
You eat too little.
a little
也有肯定的意思,表示”一点儿“, 代表不可数的东西
Tell me a little about his illness.
Try and eat a little.
all, each, none
功能:圈上集合中全部元素
all
在句中作定语(限定词)
修饰可数名词, 表示”所有的“
All these girls were anaemic.
She has read all these books.
All my children can swim.
修饰不可数名词,表示”一切“
All hope has gone.
He has lost all his money.
not all food is good to eat.
还可与可数名词单数连用,表示”整个“
He spent all that year in London.
He worked hard all his life.
在句中作代指主语或宾语的准代词
表示可数的东西
All were sharply criticized.
I brought all of them.
That afternoon it seemed all disappointment.
表示不可数的东西
Now all was changed.
Take all of it.
I know that all was well with her.
在句中可用作同位语
all后边还可跟一定语修饰它
All I can say is that we are extremely sorry.
I have said all I intended to say.
The people at the meeting all voted against it.
She has read them all.
Know it all.
My children can all swim.
each
不论是作定语还是主语,都视为单数,谓语动词都是单数
在句中作定语(限定词)
表示”每一个“
He gave each child a present.
Each lesson lasts an hour.
在句中作主语和宾语的准代词
Each of the houses is painted a different color.
He gave two to each.
有时还可做主语和宾语的同位语
They went each to the room assigned.
He gave the Children a present each.
否定词none和no
no作定语
none
作主语
None of them has(have) replied yet.
None of us would have said such a thing.
宾语或介词宾语
I like none of these pictures.
Some people own several houses, others have none.
同位语
We none of us live around here.
They have none of them fulfilled their tasks.
He has none of his brother's selfishness.
指不可数抽象名词
功能
数量上的不确定性
both, either, neither
功能:两者间对比专用..
注意它们还能构成三个并列连词
both...and...
either...or....
neither...nor...
both
视为复数
用作定语(限定词)
Both women were French.
He is blind in both eyes.
用作主语
He has two brothers; both live in Seattle.
Both of my parents live in London.
用作宾语
I'll borrow both of them.
Why not do both?
用作同位语
His parents were both dead.
I shall read them both.
either
视为单数
用作定语(限定词)
either proposal will have my support.
He could write with either hand.
You can park on either side of the street.
用作主语
Either of us is willing to help.
Either of the plans is equally good.
用作宾语
I like either of these.
You can ask either of us for help.
neither
视为单数
用作定语
Neither statement is true.
Neither book is satisfactory.
用作主语
I tried on two dresses, but neither fits me.
Neither of them had a restaurant car.
用作宾语
I could answer neither of the questions.
She got neither of your letters.
用作同位语
They neither of them said anything.
I hope that you'll neither of you say anything more.
other, another
功能:跳跃到指涉圈圈外,another也有些复制的意思..
other
用作定语(限定词)
表 ”另外的,别的, 其他的“
Miss Brown and other teachers are there.
Are there any other questions?
用作准代词, 表”另外那个(的人),别的..."
用作主语
One of the boys is named Tom, the other named David.
I went swimming while the others played tennis.
用作宾语
He raised one arm and then the other.
I don't like this one , have you got any others?
another
用作定语(限定词)
表“另一个”
Now she was in another difficulty.
He's writing another novel.
He could get another girl to do my typing.
表“又一个”
She had another cup of tea.
In another year she will go to school.
和数词连用表“又n个”
I've still got another 3 questions to answer.
In another 2 weeks it will be finished.
用作准代词,表“另外一个”
主语
Then another put up his hand.
There was a rainbow in the sky, and another in his breast.
宾语
They've got 3 Children aldready and they are having another.
If you've already seen that film, you can go and see another.
表语
saying is one thing and doing is another.
Is this another of your schemes to make money?
one, several
功能:都表示数量的存在
one表示存在是以1为数量
several表示存在较为显著>1的数量,又不太多。不定数量,但有范围,类似some
one
限定词,表“一个”
One flower makes no garland.
The journy takes one hour.
和表示时间的名词连用
One night there flew over the city a little swallow.
You'll regret it one day.
有时还可表示“唯一的”
She was the one bright ray in his narrow gloomy life.
He's the one man who can do it.
用作准代词,代指
主语
One of the 3 boys won a scholarship.
Only one of them was invited.
宾语或介词宾语
Let me have one.
It's one for all and all for one.
The twins are so alike that it's hard to tell one from the other.
表语
Perhaps you're one of the luckiest ones.
She's the quiet one.
泛指一般人
One could see that he was very upset.
How is one to interpret his action?
One has to do one's best.
代替刚刚提到过的可数的东西
The Question was a complicated one.
And the big fish continues to devour the little ones.
可以和一代词或形容词连用
Which one do you mean?
I mean this(that) one.
Can you show me a better one?
I want larger ones, not small ones.
several
限定词,表"几个"
Several boys were injured.
My friend speaks several languages.
We received several replies to our inquiry.
准代词
作主语
Several of us decided to walk home.
There are several here that I don't know.
作宾语
I already have several.
He invited several of his frinds to the show.