定语从句

语从句一、定语从句的定义和结构在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词,充当定语的从句。被修饰的词叫先行词，引出从句的词叫关系词（分关系代词和关系副词）。

定语从句

• 介绍
  • 含义
    • 定语：用来修饰名词或代词一类的句子成分
    • 定语从句：充当定语成分的从句是定语从句
  • 定义
    • 先行词
      • 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词
    • 关系词
      • 引导定语从句的连词
    • 句子结构
      • 先行词+关系词+从句
  • 两种定语从句
    • 限定性定语从句
      • 无逗号
    • 非限定性定语从句
      • 有逗号，不能用that
• 关系词
  • 关系代词的用法
    • who
      • 主语，宾语
        • 指人
    • whom
      • 宾语
        • 指人
    • whose
      • 定语
        • 指人或物
    • which
      • 主语或定语
        • 指物
    • that
      • 主语或宾语
        • 指人或物
    • 在从句中充当主语，宾语等成分
  • 关系副词的用法
    • when
      • 当先行词是表示时间的名词（如：time day，year，month，week等）且从句成 分完整，定语从句用when引导
      • I still remember the time when we first met each other.
      • I still remember the time which\that we spent together.
    • where
      • 当先行词是表示地点的名词（如：place，room，airport） 且从句成分完整时，定语从句用where引导
      • This is the place where he used to work.
      • This is the place which\that we visited last time.
      • 除地点名词外，where还可用于case，condition，example situation，stage，point，system，atmosphere，position 等表示抽象地点的名词前
    • why
      • 当先行词是表示原因的名词reason，且从句成分完整时，定语 从句用why引导，且只能引导限定性定语从句
      • This is the reason why she cied.
      • I won’t believe the reason that\which you have given me.
• 介词+关系代词
  • 介词确定
    • 1.确定先行词及从句
    • 2.从句?先行词
    • 根据先行词的搭配
      • I still remember the day on which I lost money.
      • I lost my money on the day.
    • 根据从句中动词搭配
      • We visited the yard in which a famous poet once lived.
      • A famous poet once lived in the yard
    • 根据意义确定介词
      • Patience is a kind of quality, withous which you can’t work well.
      • You can’t work well without patience.
  • on which\during which\in which=when
  • at which\in which\on which=where
  • for which=why
  • whose=…of which\of whom
    • I like girls whose hair is black and long.
    • I like girls the hair of whom is black and long.
    • I like books whose covers are besutiful.
    • I like books the covers of which are beautiful.
• “way”作为先行词时
  • 从句缺成分
    • Can you tell me the way that\which you wused to solve tjhe problem.
  • 从句不缺成分
    • I like the way that\in which\省略 you talk to me.
• 关系词选用
  • 常见的及物动词
    • remember，forget，visit，spend，do, say，finish
  • 常见的不及物动词
    • work，go，come，stay，live，listen，look，arrive，rise arise，depend，suffer，be done
• 只用that不用which的情况
  • 当先行词为不定代词
  • 先行词被最高级或序数词修饰
  • 先行词被限定词修饰
  • 先行词既有人也有物
  • 先行词前面有特殊代词