导图社区 14宾语从句
中考英语语法至宾语从句思维导图,包括:目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、地点状语从句、时间状语从句。
编辑于2023-01-13 01:17:58 河南宾 语 从 句
否定 转移
主句如果是I think/ believe/ imagine/ suppose/ guess/ expect等,从句的否定一般要转移到主句中,其反意疑问句与从句一致。如: I don’t think they’ll wait to the last minute,will they? 我认为他们不会等到最后一分钟,他们会吗? I don’t believe he did this, did he? 我相信他不会做这样的事,他会吗?
直接 引语 和 间接 引语
直接引语指的是直接引用别人的原话,两边用引号标出;如: He said (that) the bank was near the hotel.
间接引语是指用自己的语言转述别人的话。如: He wondered if/whether the workers had finished the work.
直接引语变间接引语 在句型、人称、时态、语序、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等都要进行变化: 直接引语 间接引语 指示代词 this that these those 时间状语 now then today that day tonight that night yesterday the day before this week that week next week the next week last month the month ago 地点状语 here there 谓语动词 come go bring take
attention: 1..从句主语和主句主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是 know, remember, forget, learn等词时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构 She doesn’t know what she should do next. = She doesn’t know what to do next. 2.直接引语是祈使句, 间接引语应改为“tell (ask,order等)sb.(not) to do sth.”句型。 “Don't make any noise.” she said to the children. →She told the children not to make any noise. 3.在宾语从句或间接引语中如果叙述的是客观真理、客观事实等,不管主句是什么时态,从句都用一般现在时 He said that light travels much faster than sound.
时 态
如果主句现在时,宾语从句根据实际情况用各种时态。不受主句影响。如: My teacher says he will be back in a week. (一般将来时) My teacher says he is watching TV. (现在进行时) My teacher says he has seen the movie. (现在完成时)
如果主句是过去时,宾语从句用用与过去时态相关的时态。 My father said he was watching TV at that time.(过去进行时) My father said the he had already seen the movie. (过去完成时)
引 导 词
that引导宾语从句: that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当,引导词that没有实际意义,不在从句中作任何成分,that可以省略,而且从句成分齐全,句意完整。如: Do you think (that) it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗?
whether或if引导宾语从句: 从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来的,变成从句后,语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。whether和if意为“是否”。如: I don’t care whether you like the story or not.
特殊疑问词what/ when/ where/ who等引导的宾语从句: 此类宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序,由wh-开头的疑问词引导。包括who, whom, whose, what, which等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词,这些引导词有各自的意思,在从句中要作相应的成分,不能省略。如:He didn’t tell me how long he would stay here.
attention: 以下情况一般只用whether不用if。 1) 接带to的动词不定式。 She doesn’t know whether to go to the zoo. 2)与or not连用时。 I’m not sure whether or not he will come on time.