PBC3、C4

Formation of contract，本图内容有：Form of contract、Offer Logic、Acceptance、Consideration、Intention to create legal relationship、Privity of contract.

Formation of contract

• Form of contract
  • contract
    • essentials of a valid contract
      • legally binding agreement
      • mutual consent
    • agreement = offer + acceptance
    • consideration
    • intention to create legal relations
    • capacity and legality
  • form
    • contracts by deed
      • writing and signed
      • leases ≥3 years
      • conveyance or transfer of a land
      • not supported by consideration无对价支持 例如慈善捐赠
    • contracts must be in writing
      • transfer of shares
      • sale or disposition of an interest in land卖地
      • bills of exchange and cheques支票汇票
      • consumer credit contracts赊销
    • contracts must be evidenced in writing
      • contract of guarantee保证合同
  • modern contract
    • freedom of contract
    • unequal bargaining strength
    • standard form contract格式/标准合同
• Offer Logic
  • logic
    • offer
    • acceptance
    • consideration
    • terms
    • breach
    • remedies
  • offer
    • definition
      • a promise to be bound on specific terms
      • capable of acceptance
      • cannot be vague, imprecise, or open to interpertation
      • supplies information and invitation to treat非要约
  • invitation to treat
    • auction sales
      • bid is the offer
      • without reserve, presenting goods is the offer
    • advertisements
      • 若意图清晰，广告即要约
    • exhibition of goods for sale
    • an invitation for tenders招标广告
      • 投标即要约
    • a share prospectus招股说明书
    • circulation of a Price list
  • termination of offer
    • express rejection
      • say no
    • counter offer原始要约的拒绝
    • lapse of time
      • no express time limit, set a reasonable time
    • revocation撤回
      • 针对要约时间单独达成协议
      • 第三方告知
    • conditions
    • death
      • death of offeree终止
      • death of offer is not of a personal nature继续
• Acceptance
  • acceptance
    • definition
      • unqualified agreement
      • all the terms
    • consequence
      • point of no return
    • key point
      • words, action, inferred from conduct
      • subject to contract
      • letters of intent意向书
      • cross-offers交叉要约
        • 给对方发offer无acceptance
  • communication of acceptance
    • communicated
    • prescribed mode of communication
      • equally expeditious
      • unless specified otherwise
    • unilateral offer单边合同（例奖赏性合同）
    • postal rules
      • acceptance is completed as soon as letter posted
      • contemplation of both双方同意
      • properly addressed and stamped正确投
      • 符合offer里的投递方式
    • collateral contracts从合同
• Consideration
  • definition
    • executory将来时，待履行
    • executed现在完成时，已经履行
    • past过去完成时 履行现有合同义务针对对方给的额外承诺，属于过去对价，非有效对价
    • exceptions
      • bill of exchange汇票
      • 过了诉讼时效
      • service默认含有支付承诺
  • rules of consideration
    • legal
    • possible
    • sufficient
      • promise of additional award 4点
      • waiver of existing rights
        • 以部分支付清偿全部债务
        • exceptions 4点
          • 第四点promissory estoppel禁止反言
    • not adequacy
      • 不考虑对价平等
    • consideration must pass from the promisee对价必须转移给受承诺人
• Intention to create legal relationship
  • intention to create legal relations
    • definition
    • presumptions
  • situation
    • domestic arrangements 4点
    • commercial arrangements
    • letters of comfort
  • capacity
    • valid, voidable, void
    • 神志不清
• Privity of contract
  • privity of contract
  • exceptions 9点

Formation of contract

• Form of contract
  • contract
    • essentials of a valid contract
      • legally binding agreement
      • mutual consent
    • agreement = offer + acceptance
    • consideration
    • intention to create legal relations
    • capacity and legality
  • form
    • contracts by deed
      • writing and signed
      • leases ≥3 years
      • conveyance or transfer of a land
      • not supported by consideration无对价支持 例如慈善捐赠
    • contracts must be in writing
      • transfer of shares
      • sale or disposition of an interest in land卖地
      • bills of exchange and cheques支票汇票
      • consumer credit contracts赊销
    • contracts must be evidenced in writing
      • contract of guarantee保证合同
  • modern contract
    • freedom of contract
    • unequal bargaining strength
    • standard form contract格式/标准合同
• Offer Logic
  • logic
    • offer
    • acceptance
    • consideration
    • terms
    • breach
    • remedies
  • offer
    • definition
      • a promise to be bound on specific terms
      • capable of acceptance
      • cannot be vague, imprecise, or open to interpertation
      • supplies information and invitation to treat非要约
  • invitation to treat
    • auction sales
      • bid is the offer
      • without reserve, presenting goods is the offer
    • advertisements
      • 若意图清晰，广告即要约
    • exhibition of goods for sale
    • an invitation for tenders招标广告
      • 投标即要约
    • a share prospectus招股说明书
    • circulation of a Price list
  • termination of offer
    • express rejection
      • say no
    • counter offer原始要约的拒绝
    • lapse of time
      • no express time limit, set a reasonable time
    • revocation撤回
      • 针对要约时间单独达成协议
      • 第三方告知
    • conditions
    • death
      • death of offeree终止
      • death of offer is not of a personal nature继续
• Acceptance
  • acceptance
    • definition
      • unqualified agreement
      • all the terms
    • consequence
      • point of no return
    • key point
      • words, action, inferred from conduct
      • subject to contract
      • letters of intent意向书
      • cross-offers交叉要约
        • 给对方发offer无acceptance
  • communication of acceptance
    • communicated
    • prescribed mode of communication
      • equally expeditious
      • unless specified otherwise
    • unilateral offer单边合同（例奖赏性合同）
    • postal rules
      • acceptance is completed as soon as letter posted
      • contemplation of both双方同意
      • properly addressed and stamped正确投
      • 符合offer里的投递方式
    • collateral contracts从合同
• Consideration
  • definition
    • executory将来时，待履行
    • executed现在完成时，已经履行
    • past过去完成时 履行现有合同义务针对对方给的额外承诺，属于过去对价，非有效对价
    • exceptions
      • bill of exchange汇票
      • 过了诉讼时效
      • service默认含有支付承诺
  • rules of consideration
    • legal
    • possible
    • sufficient
      • promise of additional award 4点
      • waiver of existing rights
        • 以部分支付清偿全部债务
        • exceptions 4点
          • 第四点promissory estoppel禁止反言
    • not adequacy
      • 不考虑对价平等
    • consideration must pass from the promisee对价必须转移给受承诺人
• Intention to create legal relationship
  • intention to create legal relations
    • definition
    • presumptions
  • situation
    • domestic arrangements 4点
    • commercial arrangements
    • letters of comfort
  • capacity
    • valid, voidable, void
    • 神志不清
• Privity of contract
  • privity of contract
  • exceptions 9点