导图社区 山东专升本英语—动词的时态
山东专升本英语动词的时态部分知识点,分享给同学们学习使用。
编辑于2021-03-15 17:37:14动词的时态
时态
时:v发生的时间
态:v存在的形式
考点:根据题干中的时间状语考动词形式
一般态
一般现在时
定义:经常发生或近一段时间发生的动作
v形式:普通动词(do/does),be动词(am/is/are)
时间状语:today、every-、often、usually、always、regularly、frequently、sometimes、seldom
例句:We play games everyday.
补充1:一般现在时的其他用法
客观事实、普遍真理
The sun rises from the east.
表示个人的性格、特征、能力
Shandong people are very hospitable.
谓语动词是go、come、arrive、start、sail等位移动词表示将要发生的且事先安排好的事
The first class starts at 8:00.
补充2:
(1)used
used to do 过去常常做某事
Mother used to tell us stories when we were young.
be used to do 被用来做某事
be used to doing 习惯于做某事
(2)always、often等频度副词也可以表示过去经常发生的动作
When I was at college,I always went to the gym.
一般过去时
定义:过去某一时间发生的动作
v形式:普通动词(did),be动词(was/were)
时间状语:yesterday、the day before yesterday、-ago、last-、in+过去时间
例句:He visited the museum yesterday.
一般将来时
定义:将来某一时间即将发生的动作
v形式:普通动词(will/shall do),be动词(will/shall be)
时间状语:tomorrow、the day after tomorrow、-later、next-、in+将来时间、in the following、soon、in the future
例句:We will have a holiday next week.
补充1:其他用法
be going to 计划、打算要做某事
She is going to make earrings next.
be about to 安排好的事
The wedding is about to come.
be to do 将来可能成为现实的事
You are to be a teacher in the future.
补充2:主将从现
适用于时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主从复合句
As soon as she studies,her head will pain.
If it is fine tomorrow,we will go to play.
一般过去将来时
定义:从过去说将来的行为动作
v形式:普通动词(would/should do),be动词(would/should be)
时间状语:合成时态(常用于宾语从句,时间状语与later、soon、the next-...)
题点:动词过去时态,时间将来时间
例句:He told me taht he would marry me in the future.
补充:be going to/be about to/be to do也可表示过去将来时
进行态 通式:be doing
现在进行时
定义:现在、此刻发生的动作
v形式:am/is/are+doing
时间状语:now、at the moment、Look!、Listen!
例句:Look!I am thinking.
补充:
always、constantly、continually+现在进行时,表示说话人的某种感情色彩,例如满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等...
Mary is constantly lying.(表批评)
Jack is always helping others.(表赞扬)
过去进行时
定义:过去某个具体时刻发生的动作
v形式:was/were+doing
时间状语:具体时间+过去时间((at) this time yesterday)
例句:I was watching movie at 8:00 last night.
将来进行时
定义:将来某个时刻发生的动作
v形式:will/shall+be doing
时间状语:具体时间+将来时间((at) this time 3 days later)
例句:I won't be learning English at the time tomorrow.
总结:进行态
1.+具体时刻:用进行态(at+具体时刻、at+具体时刻+过去、at+具体时刻+将来)注:at last minute、at next minute
2.was/were doing...when... 例:They were visiting the museum, when I stayed at home.
完成态 通式:have done
现在完成时
定义:发生在过去,影响持续到现在
v形式:have/has done
时间状语:
截止时间:by now/till now/up to now/so far/recently/already/yet
起始时间:since
since+时间,主+have/has done.
Since 1998,China has changed a lot.
since+主语+did,主+have/has done.
Since I entered the Palace,the Emperor has spoiled me only.
持续时间:
for+一段时间
He has died for 17 years.
in/over/during the past/last+一段时间
In the past few years,great changes have taken place in my hometown.
注意:
过去完成时
定义:动作发生在过去的过去
v形式:had done
时间状语:
截止时间:by+过去时间
He had become famous by 2015.
起始时间:
before+主语+did,主+had done.
Before the actor came,the actress had died.
after+主+had done,主+did.
After the actress had died,the actor came.
持续时间:for+一段时间+过去时间
By 2019 they had been together for 2 years.
补充:
表示愿望、打算等一类词,hope、expect、mean、intend、want、suppose常用过去完成时,表示过去未曾实现的愿望
They fulfilled the task earlier than they had expected.
将来完成时
定义:(过去、现在、将来)发生的事对将来产生的影响
v形式:wii/shall have done
时间状语:
截止时间:by+将来时间
持续时间:for+一段时间+将来时间
By the end of this year,I will have meaned to buy a car for my father.
现在完成进行时
定义:动作从过去发生持续到现在,完成了一部分,还将继续持续下去或者表示对某动作的强调,译为“一直在做”
v形式:have/has been doing
总结
常考句型
总结